Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a semiconductor substrate, contact pads, testing pads, conductive posts, and dummy posts. The contact pads and the testing pads are distributed over the semiconductor substrate. The conductive posts are disposed on the contact pads. The dummy posts are disposed on the testing pads. A height of the conductive posts is greater than a height of the dummy posts.

Abstract: Provided is a galvanized steel sheet having excellent spot weldability; and a method for producing same. The galvanized steel sheet includes a base steel sheet and a zinc-based plating layer formed on the base steel sheet, wherein the surface layer of the base steel sheet may have a decarburization rate of at least 30% as represented by equation 1. [Equation 1]: Decarburization rate (%) of surface layer=(1?average carbon concentration in surface layer/bulk carbon concentration)*100, where the surface layer refers to a region extending to a depth of 35 ?m from the surface of the base steel sheet.

Abstract: A conductive structure, includes: a plurality of conductive layers; a plurality of conductive pillars being formed on the plurality of conductive layers, respectively; and a molding compound laterally coating the plurality of conductive pillars. Each of the plurality of conductive pillars is a taper-shaped conductive pillar, and is tapered from the conductive layers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-dimensional magnetic device based on a spin Hall effect which includes an internal electrode, at least one magnetic junction and at least one external electrode. The internal electrode, the at least one magnetic junction and the at least one external electrode have columnar structures. Each of the at least one magnetic junction comprises a magnetic free layer, a magnetic reference layer and a non-magnetic spacing layer between magnetic free layer and magnetic reference layer. The magnetic free layer is in contact with internal electrode, and the magnetic reference layer in each of the at least one magnetic junction is in contact with a corresponding one of the at least one external electrode. The three-dimensional magnetic device may be stacked in a normal direction of the bottom surface of the internal electrode. Magnetization reversal of three-dimensional magnetic device may be realized by a combination of a spin-orbit torque and a spin transfer torque.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack structure in which unit cells are stacked includes first window frames and second window frame. The second window frames each have an area larger than an area of a first window frame and are periodically disposed at a predetermined interval in a direction in which the unit cells are stacked. Heat movement is promoted, a temperature deviation in the fuel cell stack structure is mitigated, and a temperature distribution is uniformized.

Abstract: A package includes a device die, an encapsulant encapsulating the device die therein, a first plurality of through-vias penetrating through the encapsulant, a second plurality of through-vias penetrating through the encapsulant, and redistribution lines over and electrically coupling to the first plurality of through-vias. The first plurality of through-vias include an array. The second plurality of through-vias are outside of the first array, and the second plurality of through-vias are larger than the first plurality of through-vias.

Abstract: The present specification relates to an interconnect for a solid oxide fuel cell, a method for preparing the same, and a solid oxide fuel cell.

Abstract: A method for driving a solid oxide fuel cell including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: Provided are a high manganese hot dip aluminum-plated steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, the steel sheet including: a base steel comprising, by wt %, 0.3-0.9% of C, 10-25% of Mn, 0.01-0.5% of Ti, 0.01-0.2% of Sn, 0.01-0.1% of Sb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; a hot dip aluminum-based steel plated layer formed on the base steel sheet and comprising 0.1 wt % or more of a sum of one or more types among Li, Na, and K, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; and an Al—Fe—Si—Mn based alloy layer formed between the base steel sheet and the aluminum-based plated layer, and having a dual structure with different average Fe amounts.

Abstract: A method including the following steps is provided. A seed layer is formed. Conductive patterns are formed on the seed layer. An etching process with an etchant is performed to remove a portion of the seed layer exposed by the conductive patterns, wherein the etchant includes: 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 1 ppm to 20000 ppm of a protective agent, 1 ppm to 20000 ppm of a wetting agent, and a balance amount of a solvent.

Abstract: A coating method applied to perform coating with liquid metal thermal grease and a heat dissipation module are provided. The coating method includes: providing liquid metal thermal grease on a surface of an electronic element, and scraping the liquid metal thermal grease by a scraper, to coat the surface of the electronic element with the liquid metal thermal grease. A surface of the scraper is roughened. According to the coating method, the surface of the electronic element is evenly coated with the liquid metal thermal grease effectively.

Abstract: A method including the following steps is provided. A seed layer is formed. Conductive patterns are formed on the seed layer. An etching process with an etchant is performed to remove a portion of the seed layer exposed by the conductive patterns, wherein the etchant includes: 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 1 ppm to 20000 ppm of a protective agent, 1 ppm to 20000 ppm of a wetting agent, and a balance amount of a solvent.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a connecting material for a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a conductive substrate; and a ceramic protective film provided on one surface of the conductive substrate, in which the ceramic protective film comprises an oxide represented by Formula 1, a manufacturing method thereof, and a solid oxide fuel cell comprising the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-dimensional magnetic device based on a spin Hall effect which includes an internal electrode, at least one magnetic junction and at least one external electrode. The internal electrode, the at least one magnetic junction and the at least one external electrode have columnar structures. Each of the at least one magnetic junction comprises a magnetic free layer, a magnetic reference layer and a non-magnetic spacing layer between magnetic free layer and magnetic reference layer. The magnetic free layer is in contact with internal electrode, and the magnetic reference layer in each of the at least one magnetic junction is in contact with a corresponding one of the at least one external electrode. The three-dimensional magnetic device may be stacked in a normal direction of the bottom surface of the internal electrode. Magnetization reversal of three-dimensional magnetic device may be realized by a combination of a spin-orbit torque and a spin transfer torque.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, a thin and light solid oxide fuel cell has a sealant layer in which a passage through which fuel and air may flow in and out. A support is located on an inner wall of the passage to prevent the blockage of the passage due to flow generated in the sealant layer at a high temperature. A window frame is omitted to simplify a configuration.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell is provided that includes an an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A method for driving a solid oxide fuel cell including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a method for manufacturing an electrode, an electrode manufactured by the same, an electrode structure including the electrode, a fuel cell or a metal-air secondary battery including the electrode, a battery module including the fuel cell or the metal-air secondary battery, and a composition for manufacturing an electrode.

Abstract: A magnetic structure includes a magnetic tunnel junction based on a synthetic antiferromagnetic free layer which is regulated by an electric field, and a spin-orbit layer located below the magnetic tunnel junction. The transformation from the antiferromagnetic coupling to the ferromagnetic coupling of the free layer based on a synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayer structure is controlled by an electric field. A spin-orbit torque magnetic random access memory, which includes the magnetic structure, is able to realize stable data writing under the combined interaction of electric field and current, and has advantages of simple structure for scaling, ultralow power consumption, ultrahigh speed of switching, radiation resistance and non-volatility.

Abstract: An interconnect for a solid oxide fuel cell, its manufacturing method, and a solid oxide fuel cell including the same are provided.