Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, devices, and methods for loading molecules of interest onto a substrate by contacting beads having molecules of interest attached to them with the substrate, for example by providing a field that brings the beads into proximity or contact with the substrate and moves the beads with respect to the substrate. Such molecules of interest can be deposited onto substrates for single-molecule analysis.

Abstract: Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.

Abstract: A method for the thermal management of a fuel cell, which method comprises: processing a fuel supply stream comprising hydrogen, steam, at least one carbon oxide and optionally methane using a methanator to produce a fuel cell supply stream comprising a controlled concentration of methane; and reforming within the fuel cell methane present in the fuel cell supply stream, wherein the way in which the methanator is operated is adjusted in response to fluctuations in the temperature of the fuel cell such that the concentration of methane in the fuel cell supply stream is controlled in order to achieve a desired level of reforming of methane within the fuel cell.

Abstract: Compositions that include polymerases with features for improving entry of nucleotide analogues into active site regions and for coordinating with the nucleotide analogues in the active site region are provided. Methods of making the polymerases and of using the polymerases in sequencing and DNA replication and amplification as well as kinetic models of polymerase activity and computer-implemented methods of using the models are also provided.

Abstract: Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.

Abstract: Isolated and/or recombinant enzymes that include surface binding domains, surfaces with active enzymes bound to them and methods of coupling enzymes to surfaces are provided. Enzymes can include large and/or multiple surface coupling domains for surface coupling.

Abstract: Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.

Abstract: Compositions that include polymerases with features for improving entry of nucleotide analogues into active site regions and for coordinating with the nucleotide analogues in the active site region are provided. Methods of making the polymerases and of using the polymerases in sequencing and DNA replication and amplification as well as kinetic models of polymerase activity and computer-implemented methods of using the models are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of monitoring the production of a target polypeptide by generating surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectral profiles of samples taken from multiple cell culture batches or of samples taken at different times from a given batch. The invention additionally provides methods for monitoring the purification of a target polypeptide from a mixture by generating surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectral profiles of samples taken at various times during a purification process. In addition, the invention relates to methods of identifying conditions that can be used in increasing the scale of a given purification process.

Abstract: A method for the thermal management of a fuel cell, which method comprises: processing a fuel supply stream comprising hydrogen, steam, at least one carbon oxide and optionally methane using a methanator to produce a fuel cell supply stream comprising a controlled concentration of methane; and reforming within the fuel cell methane present in the fuel cell supply stream, wherein the way in which the methanator is operated is adjusted in response to fluctuations in the temperature of the fuel cell such that the concentration of methane in the fuel cell supply stream is controlled in order to achieve a desired level of reforming of methane within the fuel cell.