Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a data processing device to process image information. A latent image forming device forms an electrostatic first latent image on a surface of a photoconductive element based on image data processed by the data processing device and forms an electrostatic second latent image on the photoconductive element. A developing device develops the first and second electrostatic latent with toner. The first latent image is transferred from the surface of the photoconductive element to a transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet is separated from the surface of the photoconductive element by a separation pick. And, the second latent image has a pattern not produced in a portion of the surface of the photoconductive element that corresponds to the separation pick.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an AlGaN film formed on a GaN film on a substrate, a gate electrode formed on the AlGaN film, and source and drain electrodes formed on either side of the gate electrode on the AlGaN film. An n-type InxGayAl1-x-yN film is interposed between the source and drain electrodes and the AlGaN film. Alternatively, the semiconductor device includes an n-type InxGayAl1-x-yN film formed on a GaN film on a substrate, a gate electrode formed on the InxGayAl1-x-yN film, and source and drain electrodes formed on either side of the gate electrode on the InxGayAl1-x-yN film.

Abstract: First and second magnetic layers are laminated though a tunnel barrier layer, wherein a region is formed in which change in a magnetic resistance ratio with respect to change in a voltage applied in such a manner that the second magnetic layer has a lower potential as compared with the potential of the first magnetic layer is smaller than change in a magnetic resistance ratio with respect to change in a voltage applied in such a manner that the second magnetic layer has a higher potential as compared with the potential of the first magnetic layer. Voltage is applied to the magnetic tunnel device in such a manner that the potential of the second magnetic layer is lower than that of the first magnetic layer so that dependency of the magnetic resistance ratio on the voltage is reduced. Thus, a stable tunnel current flows.

Abstract: An insulating-gate semiconductor device has a first nitride semiconductor layer formed over a substrate and an insulating oxidation layer obtained by oxidizing a second nitride semiconductor layer formed on the first nitride semiconductor layer. A gate electrode is formed on the insulating oxidation layer.

Abstract: A magnetic tunneling effect device capable of displaying a so-called magnetic tunneling effect in stability, more specifically, a magnetic tunneling junction device in which a first magnetic metal layer and a second magnetic metal layer are connected together by ferromagnetic tunnel junction via an insulating layer and in which the conductance of the tunnel current is changed by the relative angle of magnetization of these magnetic metal layers. The ferromagnetic tunnel junction has a junction area of not larger than 1 10−9 m2. For reliably controlling the junction area of the ferromagnetic tunnel junction, the insulating layer is formed by a first insulating layer for ferromagnetic tunnel junction and a second insulating layer formed on the first insulating layer for controlling the junction area of the ferromagnetic tunnel junction.

Abstract: An optical writing apparatus including a semiconductor laser having plural light emitting elements and a single light-receiving element and plural semiconductor laser drive controlling devices. The plural light emitting elements in the semiconductor laser array are driven such that an optical writing operation at a same time per each of plural lines is performed. A commonly used LD drive controlling circuit drives the LD array. An output timing-determining device outputs a switch changing-over signal to either one of respective changing-over switches in a changing-over switch circuit. After an operational delay time of the changing-over switch elapses, an APC signal is output to an APC control section of the LD drive controlling circuit connected to a negative feedback loop formed by a changing-over operation of the changing-over switch circuit. After the completion of the APC operation, the outputting of the switch changing-over signal to the changing-over switch is stopped.

Abstract: A magnetic tunnelling element in which the tunnel current flows reliably in an insulating layer to exhibit a stable magnetic tunnelling effect. To this end, the magnetic tunnelling element at least includes a first magnetic layer, a tunnel barrier layer formed on the first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer formed on the tunnel barrier layer. The tunnel current flows via the tunnel barrier layer between the first magnetic metal layer and the second magnetic metal layer. The surface of the first magnetic layer carrying the tunnel barrier layer has a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.3 nm or less.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive head includes a magnetoresistive element sandwiched between a pair of soft magnetic material-made shields to detect signal from a magnetic tape under a magnetoresistance effect, the magnetoresistive element having a magnetic sensor disposed obliquely, at a predetermined azimuth angle, to a direction perpendicular in which the magnetic tape is fed or moved; the magnetoresistive head being installed on a rotating drum to read signal on the magnetic tape by the helical scanning method. A recording/reproducing apparatus includes a rotating drum having installed thereon the magnetoresistive head as reading head and an inductive magnetic head as writing head, to write and/or read signal from the magnetic tape by the helical scanning method.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a first magnetic core half having a coil winding groove coupled to a second magnetic core half having an auxiliary core element accommodated in the coil winding groove, such that a magnetic gap is defined between joining faces of the first and second core halves. Alternatively, a composite magnetic head includes a pair of magnetic heads that have magnetic gaps with different azimuth angles from each other and disposed closely in an opposing relationship to each other in a head feeding direction so as to define respective track widths and a track pitch. A thin conductor film is formed on at least one of a pair of opposing faces of the magnetic heads for intercepting leakage fluxes from the magnetic gap of the other magnetic head. The thin conductor film has a thickness and is located such that the track pitch formed by the magnetic heads is substantially independent of the thickness of the thin conductor film.

Abstract: A magnetic head reduces a slant of a magnetic head chip in comparison with a conventional case. The magnetic head is produced by a manufacturing method. A ridge on a back surface side of a magnetic chip is brought into contact with a chip attachment surface of a chip attachment base. A height of the magnetic head chip is adjusted by using the ridge as a fulcrum.

Abstract: In fabricating an MFIC by mounting a semiconductor chip on a substrate having a microstrip line by MBB bonding, a benzocyclobutene (BCB) film is used as a dielectric film of the microstrip line. By providing a means for preventing the deformation, peeling, and cracking of the BCB film during the fabrication process, the thickness of the dielectric film is held substantially equal even after flip-chip mounting, which reduces impedance fluctuations.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magnetic head by bonding a pair of magnetic cores to each other, wherein a residual stress in the magnetic cores upon bonding them together is controlled so that a permeability of the magnetic cores in the vicinity of a magnetic recording medium sliding surface of the magnetic cores may become maximum. Accordingly, the residual stress in the magnetic cores is controlled so that the permeability of the magnetic cores may surely become maximum after forming the magnetic head, thereby ensuring a superior reproduction efficiency of the magnetic head.

Abstract: In a magnetic head having a pair of magnetic cores defining a magnetic gap in-between, a side of each magnetic core facing a recording medium is formed of a single-crystal ferrite, with the remaining portions of each magnetic core being formed of poly-crystal ferrite. The surface of the magnetic core facing the recording medium and the abutment surface of the magnetic core are the {100} plane and the {100} plane of the single-crystal ferrite, respectively. The magnetic head has excellent abrasion resistance and electro-magnetic conversion characteristics.

Abstract: Each of a pair of magnetic core halves includes a substrate and a thin magnetic metal film formed on the substrate. The substrate is notched with a winding groove. The pair of the magnetic core halves are integrally bonded to each other so that a gap filling film is formed between the facing surfaces of the thin magnetic metal films. The zero depth position of the magnetic gap which is determined by the length of the facing thin magnetic metal films is offset to a magnetic recording medium sliding surface of the magnetic head from the notching start position of the winding groove on the side of the magnetic gap. Hence, the shape of the thin magnetic metal film exposed on the magnetic recording medium sliding surface is maintained constant from the initial position to the depth zero position.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a compound semiconductor device is disclosed. The method includes forming a compound semiconductor substrate, depositing an insulator film on that substrate, then depositing a second film containing a refractory metal on the insulator film. The method further includes annealing the substrate-insulator film-refractory metal containing film composite in an inert gas atmosphere excluding a toxic substance.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnetic transducer head in which a track width regulating grooves provided on both edges of a magnetic gap are filled by blowing a powder beam of nonmagnetic material having a very fine particle size to deposit the nonmagnetic material in the grooves. A pair of magnetic core members are bonded together to form a magnetic gap therebetween by providing a metal layer of a bonding surface of the core members and applying a pressure to the core members under an elevated temperature to cause a mutual diffusion of the metal to bond the core members together. Thus the magnetic transducer head can be made without using a high-temperature heat treatment.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic head which includes a substrate of magnetic or nonmagnetic material, an upper magnetic film on the substrate, a coil conductor on the substrate, and a lower magnetic film on the substrate, the lower magnetic film having a groove formed therein for receiving the coil conductor therein. In the preferred form of the present invention, the thickness of the lower magnetic film is at least 0.3 times the thickness of the upper magnetic film when the substrate is composed of a magnetic material and at least 0.8 times the thickness of the upper magnetic film when the substrate is composed of a nonmagnetic material.

Abstract: A magnetic head is disclosed which is formed by magnetic core halves constituted of an oxide magnetic material and soft magnetic thin films, wherein the boundary surfaces between the thin films and the oxide magnetic material runs substantially parallel to the gap surface in the vicinity of the magnetic gap. The soft magnetic thin films are soft magnetic thin films of the Fe-Ga-Si system consisting essentially of Fe, Ga and Si.

Abstract: A wire dot printer having a plurality of ink applicators for separately applying inks of different colors to the ends of printing wires disposed in separate groups in the ink applicators. The ink applicators are supplied respectively with inks of different colors for effecting multicolor printing on a recording paper. The wire groups are separately housed in a plurality of compartments extending longitudinally of the wires and are separated by partitions. The ends of the wires in each group are arranged in an array. The printer may include a cleaning mechanism for removing deposited paper dust and ink from the distal end of the print head while preventing mixing of ink colors.

Abstract: A wire dot printer comprises a plurality of wires for carrying ink respectively on the ends thereof, and ink applicator mechanism applying the ink to the wire, and an ink heater unit disposed adjacent to the wire ends for heating the ink to a controlled temperature level. The ink is applied to the side surfaces of the wires and is drawn to the wire ends by capillary attraction.