Abstract: A method of controlling warp of electronic assemblies includes mounting a first component to one side of a substrate, the first component having a different coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than the substrate and thereby tending to generate bending moments that distort the shape of the first component, and mounting a second component to an opposite side of the substrate and opposite the first component. The second component has a CTE that approximately matches that of the first component, thereby tending to generate bending moments that offset the distorting bending moments.

Abstract: A surface mount machine has a fixed X-axis comprising a straight beam rigidly mounted in the machine chassis along which one or several wagons move(s), each one carrying at least one component pick-up device. Below the X-beam for the X-axis there are component feeders which are organized in groups and which are accessible by the pick-up devices and at least two Y-axes provided by linear bearings, which are rigidly mounted in the machine chassis. Y-wagons for carrying printed circuit boards move along the Y-axes. As there are at least two PCB carrying Y-axes, it can be arranged that at least one of them presents a PCB on which the pick-up devices can place components. The time during which the pick-up devices must be idle during PCB unload and load will thereby be dramatically reduced.

Abstract: There is provided a plurality of component mounting apparatuses for sucking a plurality of components by a mounting head section and successively mounting the components onto a board located at a board positioning section. The component mounting apparatuses are arranged in parallel to one another, and a board transfer path is provided so that it penetrates the component mounting apparatuses. Even when the number of components to be mounted onto the board increases, the components are mounted on the component supply tables of the component mounting apparatuses as distributed thereto, and therefore, the whole apparatus is not dimensionally increased. The component supply tables are fixedly installed so as to become free of vibration, and the mounting head section executes the suction and the mounting of the plurality of components. Therefore, the component mounting operation speed can be remarkably increased.

Abstract: A package for electrical components in which a circuit board holds the components, includes an enclosure having generally parallel, spaced apart upper and lower internal surfaces. The circuit board lies generally parallel to the lower internal surface with the electrical components held in an internal space between the circuit board and the upper internal surface. Conductive terminal pins extend from outside the enclosure into the internal space and are connected to the circuit board by conductive links, each link having an end attached to the periphery of the circuit board and another end projecting into the internal spaces.

Abstract: A method is provided for processing a number of "L"-shaped sections within a flat strip to form terminals extending from a component. In the strip, these sections are attached to a web by connecting portions. A number of such sections are simultaneously processed within various stations through which the strip is incrementally fed. These connecting portions are first twisted, so that each "L"-shaped section in the number of such sections extends in a plane perpendicular to the web. Next, these connecting portions are deflected so that outward extending legs of the sections extend in a direction needed for insertion into an electronic component structure. Then, these connecting portions are sheared, as each "L"-shaped section separated from the strip is placed in a slot within a receptacle block. Then, the receptacle block is slid to insert the "L"-shaped sections.

Abstract: A wiring construction of an electrical connection box which has an internal circuit including a wire and a plurality of pressing contact terminals connected to the wire and in which an insulating plate is accommodated in a casing, the wiring construction comprising: a plurality of wiring grooves for receiving the wire or a plurality of pairs of wiring projections for guiding the wire therebetween, which are provided on at least one of opposite faces of the insulating plate such that predetermined portions of the wiring grooves or the wiring projections extend to an outer peripheral edge of the insulating plate; wherein a nonconnective portion of the wire is disposed at the outer peripheral edge of the insulating plate by cutting from the wire a portion of the wire projecting out of the outer peripheral edge of the insulating plate.

Abstract: A multichip module substrate for use in a three-dimensional multichip module, and methods of making the same, are disclosed. The substrate comprises a thin film structure, for routing signals to and from integrated circuit chips, formed over a rigid support base. Apertures are formed in the support base exposing the underside of the thin film structure, thereby allowing high density connectors to be mounted on both surfaces of the thin film structure, greatly enhancing the ability to communicate signals between adjacent substrates in the chip module. This avoids the need to route the signals either through the rigid support base or to the edges of the thin film structure. Power and ground, which do not require a high connection density, are routed in low impedance paths through the support base. Preferably, the thin film structure is made of alternating layers of patterned metal, such as copper, and a low dielectric organic polymer, such as a polyimide.

Abstract: A camshaft made of cast iron containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Bi, Te, Se, As, Sb and Sn in a total amount of 0.0001 to 0.1 weight %, preferably, 0.001 to 0.1 weight %. The cast iron may further contain at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu and Co in an amount of 0.2 to 5.0 weight %. Furthermore, in the camshaft of the present invention, a carbide area ratio at the sliding surface of the cam lobe portion is not less than 40%, the chilled carbide has an average grain diameter of not more than 15 .mu.m, and the sliding surface of the cam lobe portion has a hardness of not less than HRC 53.

Abstract: An improved method of forming a bonded valve seat for a cylinder head wherein the configuration of the insert ring and cylinder head recess is such to ensure good bonding over the entire area and the proper amount of sinking of the insert ring into the cylinder head.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reconditioning carburetor throttle bodies includes providing a jig that has first and second locator members with aligned through openings. The jig is attached to the throttle body such that the first locator member is disposed in a throttle bore and the second locator member is disposed adjacent the side of the throttle body. The through openings are aligned with a throttle shaft bore to be reconditioned. Upon inserting a drill bit through the aligned through openings and the throttle shaft bore, the throttle shaft bore will be enlarged. A suitably sized bushing can be driven into the now-enlarged throttle shaft bore.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of producing a one-part piston which, in the region of the piston ring zone, has a closed cooling duct and a recess between the piston ring zone and the box-shaped piston body. The method comprises the following steps: a piston blank is produced by a forging process; the annular recess is produced by machining, the axial height of the recess corresponding at least to the axial height of the cooling duct; the cooling duct, which is open at the bottom, is produced by machining; hub bores are formed and the outer contour of the piston is finished; and the cooling duct, which is open at the bottom, is closed by a two-part cover ring.

Abstract: A method of making an exhaust valve for use in an automobile is disclosed. The exhaust valve is manufactured by forging Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si alloy at a temperature of 1000.degree.-1200.degree. C., and annealing the forged alloy by cooling after maintaining it at a temperature of 1020.degree.-1060.degree. C. for 0.5-1.5 hours. The method further includes the step of stress relieving the forged alloy, the stress relieving step including a cooling step after maintaining the forged alloy at a temperature of 600-700.degree. C. for 1.5-2.5 hours. A strain rate of the forging step is 0.5-5/S, and the cooling of the annealing step includes a control cooling step at 0.6.degree.-0.7.degree. C./sec or the cooling of the stress relieving step includes an air cooling step. The exhaust valve has improved hardness.

Abstract: A hand held razor configured to provide a cutting pattern suitable for penetrating into and cleanly shaving corners and similar areas of a person's face providing restricted access to razors. The razor has a head holding three blades disposed in parallel, spaced apart relation occupying a single plane, and a handle. The head and handle generally form a tee. The three blades are of different lengths, and are held centered on the head in order of progressively increasing length, with the shortest blade disposed at the bottom of the head. The right and left ends of the blades define respective straight lines arranged at thirty degree angles to the axis of the handle.

Abstract: An apparatus for slitting, scoring, and slotting paperboard and the like for the creation of paperboard boxes and other shapes. The apparatus comprises a handle having a built-in three bladed slotting knife that is retractable and quickly allows a worker to create a slot. A retractable slitting knife and a scoring wheel are also affixed to the handle.

Abstract: Chain saw guide bar and method of using a guide bar for spraying liquid on a sawn surface through a plurality of orifices formed in a guide bar side plate. The liquid is introduced into an inlet portion of a passage formed in a center plate of the guide bar and is conducted forwardly to the orifices. The liquid is sprayed from the orifices at equal pressures, and in spray directions having a component oriented parallel to a centerline of the guide bar. Thus, by adjusting the velocity of the sprayed liquid, the length dimension of the area sprayed can be adjusted.

Abstract: A hand power tool comprises a motor housing, a foot plate adjustably arranged on the motor housing, a chip removing tool, a suction device for aspirating chips and dust and provided in a space between the motor housing and the foot plate, a clamping device adjustably mounting the foot plate on the housing and an outwardly accessible handle. The clamping device is connected with the outwardly accessible handle by force reducing actuating members which include an overrunning coupling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pull grip which can be attached to any place on a pull rope in order to operate the cutting tools via the pull rope in a convenient position which is ergonometrically favorable. The pull grip is in this connection guided by a passage hole on the pull rope and can be clamped by oblique pull by clamping ribs which are arranged within an angular segment recess. In order to facilitate the elimination of the clamping of the rope, a release device in the form of a release sleeve provided with handle can be provided which guides the pull rope and is displaceable within the passage hole or a bearing sleeve adjoining same into the angular segment recess in order to lift the rope out of the clamping ribs.

Abstract: A tool includes a pair of levers having a middle portion pivotally coupled together at a pivot shaft and having a pair of blades formed in one end and having a pair of handles formed in the other end. The handles each includes an opening having a peripheral surface for engaging with a ring which may engage with and may protect the fingers of the user. The handles each includes a peripheral rib for engaging with the peripheral grooves of the rings and for securing the rings to the handles.

Abstract: An electric powered handle which will receive different sizes and shapes of blades which can be used to carve pumpkins. In addition, the handle has a safety interlock to prevent operation unless the blade is completely locked into the handle.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for giving a visual indication of increments of position over a predetermined range of positions to either side of and including a predetermined zero reference point. The apparatus includes a plurality of pattern generating units, each including first and second surfaces, each of these first and second surfaces having a plurality of spaced-apart opaque areas having translucent areas therebetween. The second surface is superimposed upon the first surface for creating a plurality of patterns in response to movement therebetween. The plurality of pattern generating units are arranged adjacent one another and are respectively configured for producing a unique and identifiable set of patterns for each of a plurality of increments over a predetermined range to either side of and including a predetermined zero reference point.

Abstract: An inertial sensor unit for determining north, has a housing and a positioning gimbal rotatably mounted in this housing about a substantially vertical axis. A releasable, cooperating detent mechanism defines three fixed angular detent positions of the positioning gimbal about the substantially vertical axis relative to the housing. The positioning gimbal is successively rotated into the three detent positions. A fiber optical gyro is mounted on the positioning gimbal. The input axis forms an acute angle with a substantially horizontal axis orthogonal to the above mentioned substantially vertical axis. A signal processing system is provided, to which the signals generated by the fiber optical gyro in the three detent positions are applied. The signal processing system provides, therefrom, the angle between a reference direction and north.

Abstract: A non-handed headlamp position indicator device is used to denote the proper aiming or "zero position" of a movable reflector component mounted in a stationary component of a headlamp arrangement so that a vehicle mechanic can easily return the headlamp in the moveable reflector component to the zero position. The non-handed indicator device of the present invention utilizes one component that can be used for right-hand and left-hand applications. The indicator device includes a bracket mounted on the reflector beneath an opening in the stationary housing which includes a U-shaped track portion. An arrow member is mounted on the U-shaped track portion and is slidable around the track portion. A scale, which includes a zero indicia, is provided on the stationary housing proximate to the opening.

Abstract: A means for damping a low-friction azimuth resolver by use of an array of small magnets acting on a metallic pendulum attached to the resolver shaft. The magnetic field acts on the pendulum motion to induce a motional electromotive force and associated currents, which produce forces opposed to the motion, thereby acting as a non-contact damper on the resolver shaft. When the resolver shaft is at rest, no "eddy currents" are produced in the static magnetic field and no damping force exists. If the shaft moves, the attached pendulum cuts the magnetic flux lines and produces a drag force proportional to the shaft angular speed. The pendulum is typically made of diamagnetic material, such as lead or copper, thereby assuring that the induced forces arise solely from the motion. The magnetic field is produced by an array of small, but intense, samarium-cobalt magnets contained in a compact package providing for uniform damping throughout 360.degree. of resolver motion.

Abstract: An adjustable batter board used in locating forms and trenches for pouring foundations and constructing walls includes an elongated tubular cross member having holes passing from a top to a bottom surface at each end of the cross member for receiving reinforcing rods therethrough. The rods pass through the top and bottom holes within the tubular cross member and through an eye of an eyebolt positioned within the tubular cross member and aligned with the top and bottom holes. With the rods driven into the ground at desired locations, adjustment of the batter board to a desired vertical location on the rods is made and the eyebolts at each end of the member are forced outwardly toward a tube end through the tightening of a nut at the eyebolt threaded end for biasing the rod against a hole side wall and thus securing the batter board the rods.

Abstract: An improved electronic combination square (10) comprising an elongate blade (12) constructed of a nonmagnetic material. An elongate conductor strip (14) constructed of a magnetic material is connected longitudinally into a recessed top surface of the blade (12). A head (16) is provided having two ninety degree angle sides (18), (20) and two forty five degree angle sides (22), (24) constructed of a non-magnetic material. A facility (26) is for allowing the head (16) to slide to any position along the blades (12) over the conductor strip (14) from either of the two ninety degree angle sides (18), (20). A structure (28) is for locking the head (16) to the blade (12) from either of the two ninety degree angle sides (18), (20). A component (30) in the head (16) is for actuating a signal magnetically, relative to the position of the head (16) on the conductor strip (14) in the blade (12).

Abstract: A viewing device wherein a measuring machine presents a movable element movable along three coordinate axes of the measuring machine; the movable element is fitted with an articulated measuring head supporting a viewing sensor presenting a television camera and a laser beam source; by analyzing the two-dimensional image picked up by the television camera and the position of the laser beam in the two-dimensional image, the coordinates of a point in relation to a reference system of the viewing sensor are determined; and the measurement is subsequently related to the reference system of the measuring machine.

Abstract: A method of correcting measurement errors in a measurement robot resulting from relative movements between an object to be measured and a measurement probe comprises the steps of detecting the accelerations at the probe, detecting the accelerations at or close to the object to be measured, calculating the correction data reproducing the relative movement from the measured accelerations and correcting the measured values recorded by the measurement robot with the correction data. The robot serves for determining shape and/or coordinates of an object to be measured, with a base unit, at least one movable measurement probe arranged on the base unit and a holding device arranged on the base unit for holding the object to be measured, wherein first acceleration are arranged on or close to the measurement probe, and second acceleration pickups are provided on the base unit, and an evaluation device is provided which calculates correction data from the measured data of the first and second acceleration pickups.

Abstract: A measuring system for a numerical control machine tool comprising a detecting head (3), for contacting a workpiece (1) to be checked and for transmitting an optical coded signal (8) to a remote transceiver unit (11) that, in turn, can transmit an optical switch on signal (10) to the head (3). The transceiver unit (11) is connected, by means of a cable (45) including separate lines (43, 44) for the transmitted and received signals, to an interface unit (12), in turn connected to a computerized numerical control unit (13). In the event that faults occur in the transmission between the head (3) and the interface unit (12), a test takes place so as to identify in which part of the system the fault is located. A test signal is generated by suitable means (38) in the interface unit (12), transmitted from the transceiver unit (11) towards a reflecting surface (16), reflected by the latter, received by the transceiver unit (11) and sent to the interface unit (12).

Abstract: For roughness measurements, a passive roughness probe 118 having a probe tip 119 is exchanged into the measuring probe head of the coordinate measuring apparatus in lieu of the probe pin having a probe ball which is otherwise used to make coordinate measurements. The generation of the measurement points takes place while using the already available measured value transducers 23 in the probe head of the coordinate measuring apparatus. The desired surface characteristic variables are computed from the stored quasi-analog measured point sequence with the aid of a corresponding software module.

Abstract: In a touch sensor for detecting the deflection of a feeler pin or the like, which is mounted for movement against a pressure element in a housing (1, 27), the pressure element is to consist of two magnets (23, 24) of opposite polarity, one of them being associated with the feeler pin or the like.

Abstract: A feature dimension transfer tool which includes a longitudinal body with a longitudinal axis and a flat surface, a first cylinder with a longitudinal axis, the first cylinder being attached next to the flat surface of the longitudinal body and the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder being substantially parallel to the flat surface of the longitudinal body and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal body. A carriage is slideably mounted on the longitudinal body and a second cylinder with a longitudinal axis is mounted on the carriage, next to the flat surface of the longitudinal body. The longitudinal axis of the first cylinder is substantially parallel to the flat surface of the longitudinal body and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal body.

Abstract: In a spin dryer for semiconductor wafers, the wafer is held beneath a platen with its active side (i.e., the side containing the components or circuitry) facing upward. One or more nozzles spray rinse water on the top surface of the wafer and the wafer is rotated to remove the excess rinse water, thereby drying the wafer. A splash guard adjacent the edge of the wafer insures that the excess rinse water thrown off by the spinning wafer is deflected downward where it cannot again come into contact with the active side of the wafer. The platen is rotated dry at the same time, with no rinse water being splashed back onto the active side of the wafer. The spin dryer also includes a separate section which cleans and dries the end-effector of the robot which inserts the wafer into the spin dryer while the wafer is being dried.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying and smoothing a fibre web (5) between two tight bands (1, 2) that move in parallel and turn around turning rolls (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b), the first band (1) being heated with hot steam and the second band (2) being cooled with water, and the fibre web (5) being conducted through the drying zone that the bands (1, 2) define together with at least one felt or wire (3, 4) such that the fibre web (5) is in contact with the surface of the first, heated band (1) and that the felt or wire (3, 4) is between the fibre web (5) and the second, cooled band (2). In the invention, the fibre web (5) is smoothed such that the press means located in the vicinity of the first turning rolls (6a, 7a) in the travel direction of the fibre web (5) apply to it a pressure that is essentially higher than the pressure in the other parts of the drying zone.

Abstract: Drying equipment of this invention includes hanger parts each provided rotatably toward and away from a body in a range for positioning the tip portion thereof higher than the bottom portion thereof. When the drying equipment is in use, a suspending part disposed at the upper end of the body is used so as to spread the hanger parts, and when out of use, the body is hung upside down by using another suspending part disposed at the lower end of the body so as to automatically fold the hanger parts, resulting in requiring a compact space for storage.

Abstract: The control system includes a sealed chamber for storing products such as food products in a desired condition until scheduled for delivery. The conditions may be cooling, freezing, heating, dehydrating, rehydrating, etc., of fruit, bakery products, meat, or other products requiring rapid and controlled changes in temperature, humidity, or gases to preserve them. Alignment structure within the chamber floor spaces rows of product such as supported pallets apart from the sidewalls to define high and low pressure plenums. A sealing member extends from the chamber ceiling to one side of each row to form a seal therewith. The sealing member and palletized product, along with other seals within the chamber, divide the chamber into multiple volumes. One or more movable sealing baffles may be constructed for selectively forming a seal between a sidewall and the palletized product for a partially filled chamber.

Abstract: A pellet conditioning device (10) for the cooling and/or drying of preformed discrete pellets (148) is provided which includes an upright pellet-receiving bin (12) with a dual grate assembly (18) therein. The assembly (18) includes a stationary first grate comprising a plurality of upright, apertured grate wall members (86), and a shiftable second grate including a plurality of elongated, obliquely oriented plates (106) located between and in spanning relationship to adjacent pairs of the wall members (86). Shifting structure (20) is provided for selective and sequential translational, rectilinear shifting movement of the lower margins (110) of the plates (106) so as to successively open and close a pellet passageway (117) adjacent each lower margin (110). A duct and fan arrangement (38) is also provided with the bin (12) so as to draw cooling air currents through the grate assembly (18) and pellets (148) therein.

Abstract: A device for the moistening of a running web of material with the aid of stream includes a housing which has a treatment side facing the web of material. The treatment side includes steam exit openings. The device further includes a front side disposed at the incoming end of the treatment side. In the area of the front side, over part of its length in a direction toward the web, a projecting rail is placed over the treatment side and has a working edge that faces toward the web of material.

Abstract: A stabilizing support, particularly for controlling pronation in sports shoes, including a first bridge-like component, to be included in the sole of the shoe at the outer and/or inner part of the heel and accommodating at least one second detachable stiffening component, which is adapted to vary the flexing condition of the first component.

Abstract: A comfort in sole for use in a shoe or the like, wherein the comfort insole is composed of two strong, airtight and water-repellent sheets each of which has a shape corresponding to a shape of an inner sole of the shoe or the like, the two sheets being stuck to each other at their outer peripheral portions so as to form bag portions therein, wherein the comfort insole is sectioned into a frontmost portion, a tiptoe portion, a central portion, and a heel portion, wherein first fused lines are formed in the frontmost portion so as to form bag portions independently separated from each other, and wherein second fused lines are formed in the tiptoe portion, a third fused line is formed in the central portion, and a fourth fused line is formed in the heel portion, so that continuous bag portions are formed in a range including the second, third and fourth fused lines, and air is sealed in the continuous bag portions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of an orthopedic sort in shoes, in the case of which the top-part is provided along its borders with a continuous cut-out section, so that for the final form-imparting processes of the orthopedic support, merely a border-part and a bottom-part have to be subjected to the grinding operations. This ensures that, also after longer usage, the orthopedic support shows a stability of form, since a material thickness of only a small order of magnitude has to be subjected to the grinding operations, and in that consequently, the border-sections in the upper region of the orthopedic support, retain their retractility.

Abstract: In a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, with a reinforcement which partially or entirely encloses the foot below the ankle joints and which extends above the upper ankle joint on one or both sides of the foot, wherein the reinforcement has a stirrup element which at least partially surrounds the foot below the ankle joints and a sleeve element which at least partially surrounds the calf above the upper ankle joint, and wherein the sleeve element is connected with the stirrup element on the inner side of the foot and/or on the outer side of the foot via an articulation in order to transmit at least tractive forces between the stirrup element and the sleeve element, it is proposed that the articulation on the outer side of the foot is arranged so as to be offset toward the front in the longitudinal direction of the shoe relative to a center position between the outer malleolus and the inner malleolus of the upper ankle joint and that the articulation on the inner side of the foot is arranged so as to be offset

Abstract: A show having a removable cover for the upper is disclosed. The cover is removably secured to the unfinished shoe upper by hook and loop fastener strips on the lower parts of the cover and shoe upper adjacent to the line where the upper joins the sole of the shoe. The lower edges of the cover are concealed by a vertical strip about the periphery of the sole.

Abstract: Orthopaedic or post-operative footgear is provided with a removable toe piece. The toe piece is secured to the sole of the footgear to protect the toes of a user against cold, dampness, dirt and possible impact, and it is removed from the sole to allow for visual inspection of the user's toes. The toe piece can include an arcuate upper section and a substantially planar lower section, which can be secured to the sole by hook and loop material. The upper of one embodiment of the footgear is open at the toe and has overlapping flaps extending from opposite sides of the sole.

Abstract: A sports shoe comprising a soft innerboot (2) having a cuff (5) that partially wraps around the user's leg. A semirigid collar (6) is associated with the cuff (5) and is laterally provided with first guiding seats (8a, 8b) for tabs (19a, 19b) that protrude from a semirigid body (15) associated with the innerboot (2) at least in the heel region (4), the collar (6) being connected to the body at the rear. The sports shoe allows to obtain a comfortable fit and correct movement of the user's foot during sports practice.

Abstract: A universal mounting assembly for a light duty snow plow using a lower triangular frame, an upper triangular frame and a pair of spaced-apart rearwardly directed tubular members for attaching the lower triangular frame to a vehicle. The mounting assembly can be secured to a vehicle using a quick release mechanism regardless of the vehicles ground clearance. Additionally, the plow can be used in any one of a plurality of predetermined positions with the bottom edge of the snow plow blade remaining substantially flat against the surface to be plowed. An electric winch that is supplied power from the battery of the vehicle to which the snow plow is mounted, is used to raise and lower the snow plow.

Abstract: A carry scraper ship having a tug lighter for towing, a device for scraping and lifting earth and sand accumulated on ground under water, a bucket conveyor for conveying earth and sand scraped and lifted from ground under water to an atmospheric environment above water, a belt conveyor lighter for discharging earth and sand conveyed from under water to the atmospheric environment onto earth carriers, and a structure for linking the tug lighter, the device for scraping and lifting, the bucket conveyor and the belt conveyor light together in operative relationship.

Abstract: A multipurpose construction vehicle bears on its vehicle frame, which is realized as an axle-link pivot or center pivot type, a front swing loading device and a rear-mounted excavator. The swing loading device is permanently connected above the front axle (3) to a front subframe (22) which forms part of the vehicle frame, and the rear-mounted excavator is permanently connected to a rear subframe (32) which is connected to the rear axle (5) and forms part of the vehicle frame, both subframes (22, 32) being connected to one another at a suitable point along the longitudinal center axis of the vehicle by means of a self-aligning bearing (34) which can swivel about this longitudinal axis to a limited degree and by means of cylinders arranged at a distance from the self-aligning bearing on both sides, so that the two subframes can be locked with respect to one another at any desired swivel position.

Abstract: The excavator tooth has a tooth holder (1) on one end of which a wedge-shaped tooth nose (3) is developed. The tooth nose (3) bears a wedge-shaped tooth cap (5) in which a wedge-shaped hollow space (24) is recessed. With the tooth cap (5) mounted, the hollow space (24) is pushed over the tooth nose (3), which thus supports the tooth cap (5). For a good support, the wedge surfaces (8, 9) of the tooth nose (3) have radii of curvature curved convexly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (16) and continuously decreasing from the tooth edge (7) to the nose root (17). In corresponding manner, the wedge surfaces (25, 26) of the hollow space (24) have concavely curved radii of curvature which continuously decrease from the base (28) to the mouth (29) of the hollow space (24). In this way a large application surface of the tooth cap (5) on the tooth nose (3) is obtained.

Abstract: The device is distinctive in that tooth (D) and matching adapter (A) are both designed with matching shapes to allow, after assembly, the formation and definition of one or more spaces (V) of variable shape, as appropriate, the adapter and tooth being made with one or more openings allowing the filling and application of a special-purpose material (M) in the above-mentioned space(s), said special-purpose material fulfilling the functions of locking the tooth relative to the adapter by absolute contact between the tooth and adapter by forming a contact cushion that ensures distribution of the stresses and strains in all the areas filled by the material.

Abstract: An elongated steel cutting edge has an insert receiving slot formed therein extending from one end to the other. A plurality of carbide inserts of a generally rectangular solid configuration have a front face, a rear face and four sides. A plurality of upstanding protuberances are formed on and extend beyond the rear face of the inserts. The inserts are located within the slot in closely spaced side by side relationship and with the protuberances located against one of the sides of said slot. The front and rear faces of the cutting edge are brought together along the slot to cause a mechanical interlock between the protuberances of the insert and the cutting edge.