Abstract: A cleat for footwear. The cleat includes a base layer that attaches to the outsole of the footwear, a cushioning layer and a traction element layer. The traction element layer is attached to the base layer solely by the cushioning layer. Each of the cleat layers provides friction with the ground when the cleat engages the ground. The durometer of the base layer and the durometer of the traction element layer are greater than the durometer of the cushioning layer. When a user steps on a surface wearing a shoe outfitted with these cleats, the resilience of the cushioning layer at once both lessens the impact of the traction elements on the ground surface and lessens the reaction force on the user's foot transmitted through the shoe's outsole. The user's comfort is thereby enhanced.

Abstract: A device for the protection of a high heel is disclosed which is adjustable to adapt to various shoe heel diameters and is barely visible during use.

Abstract: A device for the protection of a high heel is disclosed which is adjustable to adapt to various shoe heel diameters and is barely visible during use.

Abstract: A removable form-fitted outsole cover is disclosed for an article of footwear having a specific style and size, wherein the article of footwear has a finished outsole and an upper, the outsole being attached to the upper at an intersection of the outsole to the upper and defining a rim about an outer perimeter of the outsole of the article of footwear. The outsole cover comprises an elastic material especially adapted for attachment to the article of footwear and having a sole and an outer band, the outer band shaped and sized to be adapted for attachment to and conform with the rim of the outsole of the article of footwear and to cover the outsole of the article of footwear.

Abstract: A snow blower including an adjustable back that allows to blow snow in a forward direction or backwards. The adjustable back is actuated by a cylinder or a hydraulic motor that makes rotate the back in a forward or backward direction of a bidirectional auger rotating clockwise for clearing snow collecting in its opening until snow is intercepted by the bidirectional auger and directed on an arrangement of impellers arranged on the bidirectional auger propelling snow toward the rotating ejection pallets until snow is directed toward a discharge chute. And when the snow level is high a movable cover secured to the structure of the snow blower is lifted by a cylinder to let snow fall on the bidirectional auger and to be directed on the arrangement of the impellers propelling snow toward the rotating ejection pallets until snow is directed toward the discharge chute.

Abstract: Detachable fastening system between a male piece (2) and a female piece (1), pin (3) and female piece (1), specifically for use in machines for moving earth and stones. It is formed by a tooth (2) with a transverse aperture, a tooth holder (2) with another transverse aperture, a pin with an intermediate nipple, and an elastic tensor (4) located in a complementary cavity of the tooth holder (2). The penetration and subsequent rotation of the pin (3) immobilizes it axially, as it is held in said angular position by the action of the tensor (4). In addition, the pin (3) has at one end a projection that interacts with a groove ramped helicoidally and fitted in the aperture of the tooth in order to absorb the axial forces, by unloading the tensor (4) thereof, and also in order to limit the angular distance traveled by the pin between the blocking and unblocking positions, and in order to facilitate possible extraction thereof.

Abstract: A greeting card display includes an upper tier and a lower tier positioned below the upper tier. The upper and lower tiers include multiple rows of pockets for displaying greeting cards. Some of the pockets of the upper tier and/or the bottom tier, typically the pockets of the bottom rows, can present greeting cards in a full-facing manner to display all or substantially all of the full face of each greeting card. The upper tier can include a card highlighter display, positioned along one of the rows, configured to present and highlight cards placed therein.

Abstract: Constructing and advertising on outdoor furniture using a plurality of layers of durable and resistant dual core high-density polyethylene (HDPE) material and colorful three-dimensional engraved advertising imagery.

Abstract: A spacer assembly for mounting a sign to a wall includes proximal and distal spacer members. The proximal spacer member includes a barrel and a coaxial coupling shaft extended distally from the barrel. The distal spacer member includes a distal barrel and a recess extending into the barrel and sized to slidably and rotatably receive the coupling shaft. A threaded stud extends proximally from the proximal barrel, and a distal threaded stud extends distally from the distal barrel. Each stud is removably threaded into its associate barrel. The distal member barrel supports a radially oriented set screw, movable toward and away from an advanced position in which the screw engages the coupling shaft to integrally secure the barrels. The spacer assembly allows the sign to be detached from the wall while leaving in place the studs coupled to the sign and wall.

Abstract: A system for advertising, having a post assembly with first and second ends. The first end has a first neck member with a first threaded opening having a cap thereon, and the second end having a second neck member with a second threaded opening. A display assembly has first and second transparent or translucent walls joined at least at first, second, and third edges. The display assembly further has a first seam to define a first channel and a second seam to define a second channel. A fourth edge defines a sealing edge. First and second elongated rods prevent the display assembly from bending or flapping. The display assembly displays matter housed between the first and second transparent or translucent walls. An extension post assembly has third and fourth ends, and at least one tension arm.

Abstract: A buffer for a firearm having a sleeve member having an open end and a closed end. A set of weights having a combined predefined mass are contained within the sleeve member. A bumper secures and seals the open end of the sleeve. A spring is positioned between two of the weights within the sleeve to maintain the mass at a predetermined location when the buffer is in an at-rest position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a firearm configuration for a handgun. The firearm configuration is designed to reduce the recoil forces encountered by a user upon firing the weapon. Recoil forces are reduced by lowering the firearm's center of mass and by aligning a recoiling mass with the user's arm and trigger finger. The various detail of the present disclosure, and the manner in which they interrelate, will be described in greater detail hereinafter.

Abstract: A flash redirecting recoil compensator for a firearm includes a compensator body that provides a platform for the rest of the components. The compensator body attaches with a firearm in order to reduce recoil force and redirect the muzzle flash away from the site of the shooter. An attachment chamber and a discharge chamber of the compensator body are positioned through a top portion of the compensator body from a rear face to a front face. The attachment chamber fastens the compensator body into the firearm while the discharge chamber provides space for the discharging bullet. At least two vectoring ports, which are traversed through the compensator body and into the discharge chamber, redirect hot gas and unspent propellants away from the firearm after the bullet is discharged as the redirection of the hot gas and unspent propellants reduce the recoil force and provide a clear shooting sight.

Abstract: A recoil damping device for portable firearms, including a casing in which a recoil damping means is inserted; the damping means includes a fixed part, which is integral with the casing, and a movable part able to slide along a substantially axial direction inside the casing; the damping means is made of a material having a certain elastic hysteresis and includes a set of flexible members connecting the fixed part to the movable part; the flexible members have different stiffnesses.

Abstract: A rifle having a receiver formed of upper and lower receiver portions attached to one another has one or more elastic bodies positioned between facing surfaces of the upper and lower receiver portions. The elastic bodies reduce play or lost motion between the upper and lower receiver portions for improved accuracy.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for a firearm conversion kit. The apparatus includes left and right hand portions configured to form furniture of a firearm having a trigger, a remote trigger coupled with a platform, the platform extending into a slot in at least one of the left and right hand portions, and a single linkage rod coupling the remote trigger to a trigger engagement device configured to actuate the trigger when the remote trigger is actuated.

Abstract: A modular rail system for an upper receiver of a firearm is provided, the modular rail system having: a bottom portion configured to be removably secured to the upper receiver, wherein the bottom portion has an integrally formed bottom rail and a forward portion located forward of a top rail of the upper receiver; an upper rail extension configured to be removably secured to the forward portion of the bottom portion; and a release mechanism for releasably securing the upper portion to the forward portion of the bottom portion.

Abstract: To permit ease and efficiency for the extraction of spent cartridge cases from the cartridge chamber of a firearm barrel within a wide range of temperature conditions, the internal tapered surface of the body region of a cartridge chamber is prepared by establishing circumferentially spaced longitudinal straight or curved regions of the internal surface finish to create an internal cartridge chamber geometry having gradually tapered spaced longitudinally relieved linear or spiral areas having longitudinal linear or spiral lands between each of the relieved areas. The circumferentially spaced lands develop controlled impedance to rearward cartridge case movement on cartridge firing to effectively protect the bolt and extractor mechanisms of the firearm against early failure.

Abstract: A firearm including a receiver, a barrel, a breech bolt assembly, and a trigger assembly. The bolt assembly has a bolt including a body portion, a lug portion, and a firing pin bore. The lug portion includes outward extending lugs, a cartridge recess, and an off-center hole. The bolt assembly also includes an extractor and an ejector pin. At least some of the lugs on the lug portion of the bolt have a tapering outer face so that a rearward face of the respective lug is taller than a forward face of the respective lug. In another aspect, at least some of the lugs on the lug portion of the bolt have tapering side faces so that a rearward face of the respective lug is wider than a forward face of the respective lug.

Abstract: Disclosed is a firearm bolt that may optionally incorporate one or more ejectors that are located closer to the extractor. The disclosed firearm bolt may also optionally position the ejector(s) outside of a central portion of a cartridge that experience high compression forces when the cartridge is fired.

Abstract: Magazines with detachable feed lip elements have a tubular body having a lower end and an upper end that defines an elongated passage that receives a spring and a detachable feed element positioned on top of the upper end of the passage that has feed lips that retain cartridges in the magazine and permit the cartridges to be extracted forwardly. The feed element may be a U-shaped device having a main upper panel that defines a feed lip aperture. The feed element may have side walls with fasteners that connect the feed element to the body. The feed element may have opposed sides, the aperture may be defined by the opposed sides, and a spring may be attached to one of the opposed sides to provide a biasing force toward the other opposed side such that a cartridge cannot be extracted from the aperture except in a forward direction.

Abstract: Improved gun with automatic loading of cartridges, comprising a cartridge loader in the form of a tubular magazine (4), characterised in that: The magazine bottom (18) is mounted in a way so that it can slide in the axial direction (X-X?) with respect to the tubular magazine (4). The sliding magazine bottom (18) is equipped with a shock absorber (26) able to absorb the shocks exerted on the magazine bottom (18) in the axial direction (X-X?) of the tubular magazine (4). The cartridge follower assembly (19) provided with a shock absorber (29) that can absorb the shocks exerted on the follower assembly (19) in the axial direction (19) of the tubular magazine (4).

Abstract: A universal cartridge follower for a firearm magazine comprising a cartridge receiving surface and side walls extending from the cartridge receiving surface. The cartridge receiving surface is operationally configured to intercept a firearm bolt. The side walls extend from the cartridge receiving surface and have opposing first surfaces defining a first width of the cartridge receiving surface and at least opposing second surfaces defining a second width of the cartridge receiving surface.

Abstract: Aspects described herein relate to an open chamber gun mechanism comprising a frame and a cylinder assembly that forms an open chamber positioned for rotation within the frame, said open chamber including an insert positioned within the open chamber, the insert forming an expandable region between the open chamber and cylinder. According to one embodiment, the insert is configured to deflect into the expandable region upon firing the open chamber gun mechanism.

Abstract: A bullpup assembly for converting an AR-15 type firearm having an AR-15 stock in unmodified assembly into a bullpup configuration. The bullpup assembly includes a frame body coupleable with the body of the firearm, the frame comprising a bullpup trigger, and the frame being configured to replace the AR-15 stock, and a trigger link coupled with the bullpup trigger and coupleable with a firearm trigger of the firearm, wherein actuation of the bullpup trigger actuates the firearm trigger via the trigger link.

Abstract: A reset apparatus for use in a firearm, comprising: a compression spring; a biasing member has a first end and a distal end wherein the compression spring is attached proximate to the first end of the biasing member; a notch disposed on the biasing member for cooperation with a trigger bar, wherein the trigger bar comprises a longitudinal axis defined by a front portion and a rear portion, wherein the front portion is mechanically cooperated with a firearm trigger; and wherein the compression spring communicates a force through the biasing member and onto the trigger bar in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the trigger bar.

Abstract: A firearm having a gas piston system includes a bolt carrier, an adjustable gas piston block located forward on the firearm and an over-the-barrel spring and guide rod arrangement, all of which is housed and contained in a top rail that runs the length of the firearm and that maintains the alignment of these firearm components. The firearm further includes components that provide full auto firing capability. These components include a specially designed auto bracket that cooperates with a modified bolt carrier and a modified upper receiver.

Abstract: A modular firearm comprising an adjustable modular buttstock assembly. The buttstock assembly can include a frame with a central opening. A comb assembly having a cheek piece and a butt plate assembly having a recoil pad each can be mounted to the frame by an adjustment apparatus. Each adjustment apparatus can include of a guide post and/or a threaded adjustment post each received in respective bores in the frame to adjust the positions of the cheek piece and recoil pad. The adjustment apparatus also can include a locking or engagement feature that can selectively increase the friction between the frame and the guide post and/or adjustment post, to help prevent the translation of the guide post and/or adjustment post in the bore in the frame to fix the comb assembly and butt plate assembly in desired positions with respect to the frame.

Abstract: A firearm having a gas piston system includes a bolt carrier, an adjustable gas piston block located forward on the firearm and an over-the-barrel spring and guide rod arrangement, all of which is housed and contained in a top rail that runs the length of the firearm and that maintains the alignment of these firearm components. The firearm also includes an ambidextrous, non-reciprocating charging handle located forward on the firearm and positioned within the top rail for charging the firearm.

Abstract: A firearm barrel nut assembly including a barrel nut, generally cylindrical in shape with a threaded central bore, and an externally threaded locknut which is used in conjunction with the barrel nut to secure a barrel to a firearm upper receiver. The barrel nut has an integral bushing on its exterior constructed to support either the gas tube or piston of the host firearm's operating system. The barrel nut is configured so that it may be independently and non-rotationally held within a vice or other fixture during installation of the barrel and while the locknut is tightened to a preset torque to hold the barrel in place while the barrel nut is independent of the torque applied to the locknut to properly secure the barrel to the upper receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to barrel extensions for firearms that have been converted to fire different, most likely lower, caliber ammunition than the firearms were originally designed to accommodate. The present invention in several embodiments is a barrel extension designed to supplement or replace the barrels and/or barrel extensions of firearms that have a sub-caliber conversion installed. Several embodiments of the present invention are configured to be installed on AR15 family rifles with a .22LR ammunition conversion to allow for accurate shooting of the .22LR ammunition through the barrel extension.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a firearm stabilization apparatus having (1) a main body further having a stopped dado which forms a depression on a front surface of the main body; a first magnet positioned within the depression; a slot along a edge of the main body; and a second magnet positioned within the slot; and (2) a firearm further with a third magnet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gun-sight system and a method for using the gun-sight and in particular, to such a gun-sight which is calibrated without maneuvering a mechanical bore-sight mechanism.

Abstract: A touch display screen used for adjusting and determining the reticle of an electronic firearm sight, includes: a display; a touch screen installed in front of the display; and a display driver. The touch display screen is connected with a processor, the processor in turn is connected with a memory; the memory is provided with pre-saved data of a Cartesian coordinate system, ballistic trajectory data of different bullets and reticle scales formed based on different ballistic trajectories of different bullets; the touch display screen receives operations of adjusting the reticle from a user and sends corresponding information to the processor; the processor analyzes the information through using the pre-saved data in the memory, forms commands, and sends the commands to the touch display screen to execute.

Abstract: A wild fowl decoy apparatus comprises a monochromatic body having features generic to a plurality of wild fowl types. The body has a connection portion to releasably connect to a selected one of a plurality of different heads of the plurality of wild fowl types.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to fishing sinkers and weights, and more specifically to a fishing weight having optimized buoyancy characteristics such that the weight tends to rest on top of foreign submerged material, e.g. water-milfoil, rather than sinking into and becoming entangled in the material. In a preferred embodiment, the fishing weight comprises a cylindrically shaped body made of a synthetic cork material, e.g. a synthetic wine bottle cork, which on its own tends to float in water. The fishing weight further comprises a weight element inserted into the body to achieve optimal buoyancy characteristics of the apparatus as a whole. Finally, each of two opposing ends of the cylindrically shaped body have attached thereto means for connecting the fishing weight to at least one of fishing line and/or a leader line having a hook at the end thereof.

Abstract: A Wi-Fi enabled flying insect trapping device is provided that is able to wirelessly communicate information to, and receive commands and inquiries from, a remote device.

Abstract: A detection and/or control device (1) for bed bugs and other arthropods has at least one surface (9,10) having sufficient texture for a bed bug or other arthropod to climb, leading to a confinement area (6) having surrounding surfaces (7, 8) being sufficiently smooth that the bed bug or other arthropod cannot climb out of the confinement area. The confinement area has a preferably removable and replaceable glue pad or other such trap (16, 26, 66, 85) to trap the bed bug or other arthropod in a specific location within the confinement area. A variety of specific devices are described, including a coaster-type device (1) for placement under bed posts and the like, a frame (21) for light switches and electrical outlets, a cover (80) for heat or air conditioning air outlets, and various extruded rails (50, 52, 60) to act as barriers.

Abstract: An emulsifier for a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion fuel wherein reseparation between oil and water does not take place for a long period of time because of a stable emulsion state with homogenous dispersion. The emulsifier for a water-in-oil emulsion fuel includes the following (1) to (7) components: (1) heavy oil A: 50 mL or more 100 mL, (2) heavy oil B: 100 mL or more 200 mL, (3) heavy oil C: 300 mL or more 450 mL, (4) methanol: 100 mL or more 150 mL, (5) ethanol: 100 mL or more 200 mL, (6) palm oil: 100 mL or more 150 mL, and (7) water: 100 mL or more 200 mL.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining properties of hydrocarbonaceous samples including a component prepared from: 1) the thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass, or 2) the pyrolytic conversion of biomass with subsequent upgrading. The determination of the property(ies) is by use of a near-infrared spectra based correlation.

Abstract: The invention provides a process and reactor system for the production of biodiesel from lamb fats using enzymatic catalysis. Preferably the process comprises two advantageously integrated stages, first of removing fat from the animal meat and second of reacting the removed fat in an enzymatic biodiesel production stage.

Abstract: A method for marking a petroleum hydrocarbon or liquid biologically derived fuel by adding to the petroleum hydrocarbon or biologically derived fuel at least one compound having formula (I), wherein G1 represents an organic functional group having from four to forty carbon atoms.

Abstract: A biofuel consisting of a mixture of furanic compounds and polymethoxy benzene compounds which can be mixed with standard fuel consisting in hydrocarbons, and the process to obtain these compounds from sugar cane by converting cellulose, hemicellulose and sugars in furan derivatives and levullinic acid esthers and by converting lignin in alkoxy benzene compounds by hydrolysing the cellulose and lignin of sugar cane first in a mixture of N alkyl imidazolium chloride, hydrochloric acid 37% and an alcohol, dehydrating pentoses and hexoses so obtained from cellulose, stabilising the aldehyde groups as acetal and stabilising the phenolic hydroxyls obtained from lignin as alkyl ethers.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an oxygenated gasoline-blend by blending a hydrocarbon Basestock for Oxygenate Blending (BOB) with an alcohol such as ethanol to a required octane specification first blends the BOB to an octane number, (RON+MON)/2 based on the octane sensitivity (RON?MON) of the BOB and the proportion of alcohol to be added to the BOB, such that when the BOB is blended with the specification proportion of alcohol to form the oxygenated gasoline blend, this blend will have the required octane specification. The blending of the BOB with the alcohol will typically be done at a location remote from that where the BOB is blended, e.g. at the product distribution terminal after being transported from the refinery by pipeline or tank car.

Abstract: A Novel fuel object comprised of a proportion of corn stover and a proportion of wood fiber combined with a basically reacting compound. The object comprises fiber of the appropriate size and moisture content combined with an inorganic base. An appropriately sized object is readily manufactured, provides high heat output, is consistent in fuel characteristics, and is sized and configured for use in power generation facilities. Based on fiber selection and processing, the fuel object may be used in a variety of current power generation technologies including stoker, fluidized bed, gasifier, cyclonic, direct-fired, and pulverized coal technologies, and results in significant reduction of air emissions (including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mercury) compared to coal with no loss of boiler or furnace efficiency.

Abstract: A solid composite fuel for the mitigation of emissions from a coal-fired power plant includes a solid monothilic fuel material formed from the pyrolysis of a coal material and at least one solid renewable fuel material.

Abstract: This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments are operable to produce biochar from a biomass or to dry a biomass through controlled heating. While prior art technologies are stationary enclosures, the embodiments provided herein are based on a portable, flexible laminated blanket that is draped over a biomass (e.g., a wood slash pile). In this way, the blanket functions as a portable and reusable kiln for pyrolyzing biomass into biochar or drying biomass.

Abstract: Devices are provided for guiding the growth of scaffold branches, and in particular, devices for training scaffold branches to form wide crotch angles with main trunk of a tree.

Abstract: A plant watering device includes a device insert having a substantially solid porous material with a continuously porous exterior contact surface, at least one watering cavity in the device insert and a water distribution conduit disposed in fluid communication with the at least one watering cavity.