Abstract: A coal gasification furnace includes a gasification chamber for producing therein a burnable gas from coal, a burner arranged on a side wall of the gasification chamber so as to inject coal and an oxidizing agent along a peripheral direction of the gasification chamber, a slag cooling chamber provided below the gasification chamber, and a slag tap partitioning the gasification chamber and the slag cooling chamber. The slag tap has a hole formed in a shape whereby the central portion of the hole is generally circular and oppositely directed slits extend outwardly from the central portion of the hole.

Abstract: A heating chamber or low-temperature carbonization drum has an interior receiving bulk material or trash and has a longitudinal axis about which the heating chamber or drum is rotatable. A number of heating tubes through which a heating gas can flow in a given direction, are disposed in the interior of the heating chamber or drum, are oriented approximately parallel to one another, and have an end region as seen in the given flow direction. Turbulators are disposed inside the heating tubes in the end region.

Abstract: A thermal method for continuously processing waste having a calorific value and any degree of moisture, wherein waste is put in a flow of hot, heat-resistant, heat-exchanging material which is warmer than 100.degree. C. The heat exchanging material cools due to heat exchange, the waste dries and the non-evaporated waste components are heated. The cooled, heat-exchanging material is subsequently separated from the dried waste materials and the separated dried waste material is mixed with a percentage of the separated heat-exchanging material. The dried waste material and heat-exchanging material mixture is subsequently heated to pyrolyze waste material and heat the heat exchanging material in preparation for its subsequently use in the continuous process.

Abstract: A high strength rock wool obtained by preliminarily calcining the starting material comprising industrial wastes such as shot and the like generated in the course of the production of a rock wool in a calcination temperature region of from 1,000.degree. to 1,250.degree. C. for a time of at least 1 minute but within 60 minutes in an oxidizing atmosphere, immediately crushing and pulverizing the resulting block-shaped calcined product, introducing the resulting particle-shaped calcined product into an electric furnace to melt the same and fiberizing the resulting melt by a spinner wheels and a process for producing the same. The said rock wool has a high strength appropriate to utilize in a thermal insulation material, a sound absorbing material and various reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: Undermelted waste plastics which have not been completely melted from the exterior of a thermal cracking vessel is introduced into a container provided in an upper position within said thermal cracking vessel and having a net-like opening, allowing the plastics to melt within said container, allowing the resulting plastic melt to drop into the thermal cracking vessel through said net-like opening, the plastic melt is thermally cracked within the thermal cracking vessel.

Abstract: When scrap tires containing metal wire are incinerated in the scrap tire combustion furnace at a temperature of 400.degree. to 950.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen, CO.sub.2 and water vapor is implemented, waste flons soaked into cloths, for example, are loaded together with scrap tires into the furnace. In this method, waste flons can be decomposed nearly 100%, under the reactions of hydrocarbons as well as a slight amount of sulfur which are both generated when the scrap tires burns.

Abstract: A method for processing waste includes low-temperature carbonizing one portion of the waste creating low-temperature carbonization gas and low-temperature carbonization residue. A carbon-rich fraction is separated off from the low-temperature carbonization residue. At least some of the carbon-rich fraction of the low-temperature carbonization residue is supplied as fuel for a support flame for burning another portion of the waste. A plant for processing waste includes a revolving tubular kiln in which a burner is disposed. A low-temperature carbonization drum has an outlet side communicating with a low-temperature carbonization gas line and a separator device for solid low-temperature carbonization residue. A line carries a carbon-rich fraction of the low-temperature carbonization residue from the separator device to the burner.

Abstract: Discarded rubber tires for reclamation and recovery of the constituents therein and/or environmentally safe disposal are transferred from a pan feeder system into a hopper and transferred by an auger into a pyrolysis chamber. The pan feeder system excludes air or oxygen from passing through the hopper and auger into the pyrolysis chamber. Tire pieces from the pan feeder system are transferred by an auger through the pyrolysis chamber which is heated to a temperature between 350.degree. and 650.degree. F. The pyrolysis chamber includes a vapor recovery system for removing the vapors and maintaining a vacuum in the pyrolysis chamber. The vapors are withdrawn through a heat exchanger and into a liquid/gas separator where the condensed liquids are removed and the gas is recycled for fuel or other disposition. The solid residue from the tire pyrolysis is transferred by a closed auger to a closed bin.

Abstract: A method of burning coal with less than 10% volatiles in a burner supported by air. The coal is pulverized in a pulverizer and supplied to the burner mixed with a vehicle in the form of air. The object is more reliable ignition. The coal is separated from the air before it enters the burner and is combined into a new mixture with heated air. The second mixture is forwarded at a higher temperature and with a lower level of coal. The coal is separated from the second mixture and combined into a third mixture with heated air. The third mixture is forwarded at a higher temperature and with a higher level of coal.

Abstract: A method and a plant for the pyrolytic treatment of waste containing organic material, particularly for treating municipal solid waste. The method comprises: a step for loading the waste to be treated onto transport trolleys; a step for the insertion of the trolleys, which contain the waste, into a treatment tunnel wherein a pyrolysis chamber is formed; a step for the indirect heating of the waste inside the pyrolysis chamber up to a temperature adapted to cause waste pyrolysis, with extraction from the pyrolysis chamber of the gaseous-phase substances generated by the pyrolysis process; and a step for the extraction of the trolleys from the tunnel to unload the solid residues remained in the trolleys.

Abstract: A device for the combustion of solid fuels so as to provide complete combustion from the start and thereby reduce environmental influence and the generation of carcinogens, includes two chambers interconnected by a ceramic filter, which chambers have one or more heat sources, one chamber being adapted for drying and degasification of the fuel and the other chamber being adapted for combustion of the gas generated on degasification. The heat sources are mainly connected with the solid-fuel device to act at an initial stage until combustion takes place in a normal way so that complete combustion may be achieved from the start.

Abstract: A biomass-fueled furnace for residential or institutional space and hot water heating. Wood chips, the preferred fuel, are purchased "green and/or wet" and are stored in a dryer/storage assembly which uses waste clean exhaust gases produced by the furnace to dry them. Wood chips are fed via gravity to the primary combustion chamber where, via pyrolysis, they are burned. A thimble combustor eliminates radiant heat loss from the primary pyrolysis zone, allowing stable pyrolysis at low burning rates. A second combustion chamber fed with pre-heated air completely oxidizes pyrolysis gases. This furnace is capable of operating continuously at extremely low fuel consumption rates so that heat release can be regulated by thermostat in the same manner as conventional gas and oil fired furnaces. A combination of fuel drying plus secondary air preheating by the secondary flame allows stable operation at extremely low or "idle" fuel rates.

Abstract: A process for the recycling of organic waste including the steps of passing a waste into a first sealed container, introducing an inert gas into the interior of the first sealed container so as to displace oxygen from within the container, heating the interior of the first sealed container to a temperature of between 1,000.degree. and 2,700.degree. F. so as to form a heated gas within the sealed container, filtering the heated gas so as to remove sulfur and chlorine byproducts of the heated gas, and transmitting the filtered gas to a storage vessel. The step of passing includes the steps of storing a liquid waste within a waste container and injecting carbon dioxide into the waste container so as to propel the liquid waste to the sealed container. The inert gas is passed continuously into the sealed container during the step of heating. The inert gas can be argon. The filter can include a sodium hydroxide filter and a chlorine-removing filter.

Abstract: A plant for thermal waste disposal includes a pyrolysis reactor having a first heating device for indirectly heating the waste and a second heating device for directly heating the waste within the pyrolysis reactor. The pyrolysis reactor converts the waste into low-temperature carbonization gas and solid pyrolysis residue. The low-temperature carbonization gas and the solid pyrolysis residue, possibly after passing through a treatment device, are fed to a high-temperature reactor for combustion. The first heating device ensures a basal heating of the waste in the pyrolysis reactor. A separate fuel or waste heat from the flue gas of the high-temperature reactor can serve the purpose of ensuring the basal heating. Supplementary heating is provided as required with the aid of the second heating device by providing an air feed into the interior of the pyrolysis reactor. A process is also provided for operating the plant for thermal waste disposal.

Abstract: A gasification system for biomass fuel. The system includes a bulk biomass feeder in which biomass fuel is stored and from which biomass fuel is supplied to the system. A pneumatic conveyor system is employed that transports the biomass fuel from the feeder to a high pressure feed tank. Once deposited in the feeder, the pressure on the fuel is raised and maintained throughout the balance of the gasification process. From the feeder, the fuel travels on a variable speed pressurized conveyance and is dispensed in a controlled and regulated manner to the reactor vessel that takes the form of a fluidized bed reactor. The fuel is gasified in the reactor and the resulting gas and ash mixture is separated. At a cyclone, most of the suspended ash is removed from the mixture. After the cyclone, the gas may be is further filtered before transmission to an end use. The system may optionally be automated by computer control.

Abstract: A method of destructively distilling an organic material in particulate form wherein the particulates are introduced through an inlet into one end of an inner rotating kiln ganged to and coaxial with an outer rotating kiln. The inner and outer kilns define a cylindrical annular space with the inlet being positioned in registry with the axis of rotation of the ganged kilns. During operation, the temperature of the wall of the inner rotary kiln at the inlet is not less than about 500.degree. C. to heat the particulate material to a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. in a pyrolyzing atmosphere to reduce the particulate material as it moves from the one end toward the other end.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying and heating sludge to remove pathogens and to dry the sludge into a powder form which includes an elongate housing having an endless chain conveyor inside. The conveyor having outwardly extending scrapers for slowly urging solid material from one end of the housing to the other. The housing is heated to heat the sludge and a fan removes moisture laden air from within the housing. The scrapers are provided in rows and include specialized scrapers including plows, inclined paddles, and round rods to sequentially split, redirect, split, and redirect again the stream of sludge being urged through the housing. By so mixing the stream of sludge, cold and hot spots are avoided during heating and a build up of sludge on a floor of the housing is avoided.

Abstract: A furnace for effecting pyrolysis of waste material includes an essentially cylindrical cavity for effecting pyrolysis of the waste material rotating around its lengthwise axis, a combustion chamber located around the cavity and injectors for introducing fuel and comburant or oxidizing agent into said chamber. The injectors for introducing fuel and comburant are oriented tangentially to a wall of the combustion chamber so that flame or flames created by combustion of the fuel developed in the swirling fashion around the cavity containing the waste material. Also, the injectors are arranged to effect staged combustion within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Toxic wastes and other contaminants are removed from soil which is fed through a passage in an agitating means into a retort (10, 110) where the soil is agitated and brought into contact with the retort walls (11, 111, 111A) (at a temperature preferably above 500.degree. C.) to cause the toxic wastes or contaminates to be desorbed. The "off-gases" from the soil may be mixed with air/fuel in a combustion chamber (31, 131), to heat the retort; may be burnt in a secondary burner (40) to preheat and/or dry the soil feed; or be condensed in a condenser (41) and stored.

Abstract: A system for pyrolysis of hydrocarbon constituents of waste material including a treatment unit featuring a retort with a ellipsoidal cross-section forming a first retort half and a second retort half, the material to be treated being selectively deposited in only one half of the retort at a time during any given period of system operation, to avoid abrasion and wear of the half not in use, thus effectively doubling the life of the retort component. Another feature of a treatment unit according to the invention is a heat reclamation arrangement that introduces gases that have first been combusted to supply heat energy to the retort through a conduit directly into the interior of the retort, to improve the efficiency with which pyrolysis takes place. Further, the treatment unit has an exhaust and cleaning arrangement to render gases produced during pyrolysis substantially free of pollutants such that the gases can be vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A waste material such as waste tires is incinerated by dry distillation and gasification in gasification and combustion furnaces. The waste material in the gasification furnace is determined as having been ignited when the temperature of a combustible gas in the combustion furnace is detected by a temperature sensor as having reached a temperature at which the combustible gas is capable of spontaneous combustion within a predetermined time period after an igniting nozzle stops supplying combustion flames to the waste material in the gasification furnace. If the waste material is not determined as having been ignited, then the igniting nozzle is controlled to supply combustion flames again to the waste material in the gasification furnace.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method for supplying solid material such as hot carbonaceous material from a pyrolyzer or reactor to a furnace, is provided comprising providing a screw conveyor for receiving the solid carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer or reactor preferably from above the conveyor and transporting it along its length to a vaned rotor preferably positioned on the axle of the screw conveyor preferably substantially near the end of the screw conveyor for supplying the carbonaceous material to the furnace.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace intended for the thermal treatment of solid materials, comprising a rotary element (1) in which said solid materials circulate longitudinally, and a means (9) for heating said materials, which extends longitudinally in the furnace, the solid materials moving forward through about two lengths inside the rotary element (1). According to the invention, the heating means (9) is stationary, intended for channelling the solid materials and for preheating them. More specifically, the heating means (9) is arranged coaxially and inside the rotary element (1) so that, in the axial zone delimited by the heating means, the solid materials exhibit the highest temperatures.

Abstract: A preparing process of activated carbon includes steps of: combusting scrap tires containing metal wire at 400.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. under the presence of oxygen, carbon dioxide and vapor; reheating the generated combustible gases up to 800.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. by adding a further fuel; causing the exhaust gas to heat-exchange with a water pipe boiler so that the temperature of the exhaust gas downs to 180.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.; and introducing the exhaust having a temperature of 180.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. into an electric dust collector so as to collect activated carbon. The particle size of the thus obtained distributed substantially in a range of 90 to 110 mesh and the CEC (cation exchange capacity) of the activated carbon falls within 30 to 40.

Abstract: A high temperature furnace and method for thermally decomposing solid combustible fuels into usable products to provide a source of heat to a selected area is disclosed. Solid combustible fuel, such as waste automobile tires, are introduced into a reaction vessel or combustion chamber which is defined by an outer wall. The reaction vessel has an upper portion and a lower portion with a central partition dividing the lower portion into compartments. Each compartment holds a fuel bed having a selected height wherein the sold fuel accumulates as it is being decomposed. Each compartment also has a bottom opening. Air ducts located along the outer wall of the reaction vessel and in the central partition supply pressurized air to the interior of the reaction vessel. An exhaust duct which communicates with the upper portion of the reaction vessel is supplied for venting off combustion or pyrolysis products from the reaction vessel to the selected area.

Abstract: A combustion method and apparatus in which combustible matter, e.g., waste matter, coal, etc., is gasified to produce a combustible gas containing a sufficiently large amount of combustible component to melt ash by its own heat. A fluidized-bed furnace has an approximately circular horizontal cross-sectional configuration. A moving bed, in which a fluidized medium settles and diffuses, is formed in a central portion of the furnace, and a fluidized bed, in which the fluidized medium is actively fluidized, is formed in a peripheral portion in the furnace. The fluidized medium is turned over to the upper part of the moving bed from the upper part of the fluidized bed, thus circulating through the two beds. Combustible matter is cast into the upper part of the moving bed and gasified to form a combustible gas while circulating, together with the fluidized medium.

Abstract: A waste material in a first gasification furnace is thermally decomposed through dry distillation, producing a combustible gas, which is introduced into and combusted in a first combustion furnace, and the produced heat of combustion is imparted to a heat source of a boiler. The opening of a valve connected to the first gasification furnace is controlled to supply oxygen required to thermally decompose the waste material in order to keep the combustion temperature of the combustible gas in the first combustion furnace at a substantially constant combustion temperature upon the dry distillation in the first gasification furnace. When the opening of the valve increases and becomes greater than a predetermined opening at an ending stage of the dry distillation in the first gasification furnace, a waste material in a second gasification furnace is thermally decomposed through dry distillation, producing a combustible gas.

Abstract: In a process and an apparatus for disposing of waste, the waste is carbonized at low temperatures in a carbonization drum, to develop carbonization gas and solid carbonization residue. The carbonization gas is burnt in a combustion chamber and the carbonization residue is divided in a separation device into a coarse and a fine fraction. The fine fraction is subjected to a gasification in a gasifier, to develop synthesis gas and molten slag. A temperature within the gasifier is above a melting temperature of non-combustible substances introduced into the gasifier. The synthesis gas is burnt in the combustion chamber or in a combustion chamber of a gas engine.

Abstract: High sulfur content fuel is combusted in the presence of oil shale containing significant amounts of calcium carbonate so that the sulfur and calcium carbonate oxidize and react to form calcium sulfate particulate which captures the sulfur and in the fuel and prevents its release to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An incinerator for carrying out incineration of general or specific waste dry distillation, which can improve wastes incineration efficiency and prevent secondary pollution, such as a gas smell, by performing complete combustion by facilitating feeding of waste and discharging of ash under a condition that the furnace maintained sealed like for a conventional dry distillation incineration furnace. The incinerator is provided to feed waste introduced into a waste placing tube to a dry distillation incineration furnace by repeatedly pressing the waste, to discharge ash heaped on the bottom of the dry distillation incineration furnace by dropping into an ash placing tube with a discharge blade and pressing the dropped ash with a pressing plate, and to incinerate specific waste with high moist contents and waste wire using an indirect dry distillation tank accommodated in a combustion tank.

Abstract: Combustible gases from a solid fuel are produced by pyrolyzing the fuel in a pyrolyzer which also produces carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer is combusted in a furnace to produce combustion products that include hot flue gases and ash particulate. The combustion products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains flue gases, and another of which contains hot ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer. Finally, the stream of flue gases from the furnace is used to dry the fuel that is supplied to said pyrolyzer.

Abstract: A portion of solid fuel is pyrolyzed in a pyrolyzer to produce combustible gases and carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material being supplied from the pyrolyzer to a furnace. A further portion of the solid fuel is added to a furnace and is combusted with the carbonaceous material therein to produce combustion products that include hot flue gases and ash particulate. The combustion products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains coarse ash and another of which contains flue gases and fine ash. A portion of the coarse ash is directed into the pyrolyzer while a further portion is disposed of, preferably by being used to heat air entering the furnace.

Abstract: An improved method is provided, using existing technology, for treating and disposing of both classified and unclassified waste materials, in a multistage process having a plurality of integrated and interconnected primary and secondary combustion and exhaust systems and having a selective range of pressures and temperatures and fuel/oxygen ratios in each of the systems. The primary or first stage combustion system treats generally classified, predominantly organic waste material that is amenable to a low temperature degradation which produces flammable exhaust materials that are then used to fuel an operably connected high temperature torch which is integral to the secondary or second stage, high temperature combustion system. The high temperature system treats generally unclassified waste material, which may contain both organic and inorganic waste in random ratios.

Abstract: A method for the destruction of contaminated waste material comprising the steps of sufficiently heating the waste material in an oxygen deficient atmosphere to pyrolyze the material thereby producing a volatile fuel gas stream and a decontaminated solid residue, separately removing the fuel gas stream and the decontaminated solid residue, adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the fuel gas stream reactant components for combustion downstream, oxidatively combusting the adjusted fuel gas stream to produce a low velocity, low oxygen gas stream, and a high velocity, low oxygen carrier gas stream, recycling at least a portion of the high velocity, low oxygen carrier gas stream for direct contact with the waste material to provide heat for pyrolysis of the same, contacting at least a portion of the low velocity, low oxygen carrier gas stream with water to produce an oxygen rich, substantially inert, heat exchange gas stream and indirectly heating the contaminated material with the heat exchange gas stream to provi

Abstract: The present invention concerns gasification, respectively an incineration reactor in which a gas is produced which is used for the environmentally friendly production of energy with virtually no emissions. Furthermore, a process for the production of energy briquettes from burnable industrial or household waste in the form of briquettes with a defined, high calorific value.

Abstract: A waste recycling system which separates the reusable components within waste such as tires by incomplete burning followed by a series of separation steps. The incomplete burning is carried out within a chamber having at least two hollow perforated rollers on which the waste is supported. The tires are ignited and caused to smolder within the chamber, allowing gaseous and vapor by-products to be released and travel downward into the rollers. Inorganic solid matter remaining from the combustion process continuously falls between the slowly rotating rollers into a removal bin or conveyor. The gaseous combustion by-products are directed through an oil bath filter having a mesh on which sprayers apply a cooling oil mist to capture the oil vapor. The remaining hydrocarbon emissions are burned incompletely, and the resulting carbon black within the effluent filtered out. The effluent is then completely combusted generating heat and then scrubbed to emit a relatively clean gaseous discharge.

Abstract: An apparatus for incinerating a waste material by processing the waste material through dry distillation and gasification has a gasification furnace for storing a waste material therein and burning a portion of the waste material and thermally decomposing the remainder of the waste material by way of dry distillation with the heat of combustion of the portion of the waste material, thereby producing a combustible gas, and a combustion furnace connected to the gasification furnace through a gas introduction passage for mixing, with oxygen, the combustible gas introduced therein from the gasification furnace through the gas introduction passage and combusting the combustible gas mixed with the oxygen, the combustion furnace having a gas inlet port connected to the gas introduction passage. An oxygen supply device supplies the combustion furnace with an amount of oxygen required to combust the combustible gas into the combustion furnace while generating a swirling oxygen flow around the gas inlet port.

Abstract: The dump comprises a dumping area (1) provided with a biogas collector (2) which communicates with an electroburner (9).

Abstract: A continuous pyrolysis system includes an enclosure which receives an influx material at an entrance thereto and discharges a pyrolysate at a discharge therefrom. The entrance directs influx material into the enclosure while evacuating oxygen from the influx material. A conveyor is provided within the enclosure transporting the influx material from the entrance to the discharge. Pyrolysis is caused by a series of heat sources overlying the conveyor belt, the heat sources each including a parabolic reflective surface to enhance radiation heat transfer into the influx material. The pyrolysate is discharged in solid form through an output auger, in liquid form through a liquid outlet and in gaseous form through a gas outlet. The continuous pyrolysis system includes controls to provide a speed of the conveyor belt, completeness of the pyrolysis process, temperature of the heat sources and maintenance of an anaerobic environment within the enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for in-can waste reduction. The method is mixing waste with combustible material prior to placing the waste into a waste reduction vessel. The combustible portion is ignited, thereby reducing combustible material to ash and non-combustible material to a slag. Further combustion or heating may be used to sinter or melt the ash. The apparatus is a waste reduction vessel having receiving canister connection means on a first end, and a waste/combustible mixture inlet on a second end. An oxygen supply is provided to support combustion of the combustible mixture.

Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing having a pyrolysis chamber for receiving and pyrolyzing feed materials therein into fluid materials and a mass of refractory material contained in the casing upon the bottom thereof and spaced from the top thereof. The refractory mass extends between the opposite ends and sides of the casing and includes an upper surface defining a bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. The upper surface is defined in an inclined orientation extending between the opposite ends of the chamber. The refractory mass has an elongated cavity extending along one end of the casing and adjacent to a lower end of the upper inclined surface. An elongated residue collection pan is disposed in the cavity and is removable through an opening in a side of the casing. Elongated heating units are disposed in the pyrolysis chamber above and generally parallel to the cavity and upper inclined surface for producing heating therein to cause pyrolyzing of the feed materials into fluid materials.

Abstract: A thermal conversion pyrolysis reactor system (10) is provided for use in providing a continuous flow type pyrolysis reaction for conversion of carbonizable input materials ("MW") (12). The reactor system (10) utilizes a diffusion material ("MD") (14) which is preheated and admixed with the MD (12) in order to facilitate pyrolysis and to partially catalyze reactions. Subsystems are provided to receive gaseous (30), liquid (32) and solid (32) phase outputs. The reactor system (10) includes further component subsystems for waste material MW input (22), MD input (26), reactor chamber (24), and heating (28). The MD (14) is preheated by being carried through the reactor chamber (64) prior to admixing with the MW (12) and further by exhaust gases (94) from the furnace space (88) being directed through a heat exchanger (126).

Abstract: Whole tires are heated in a pressure vessel to a range of between 700.degree. Farenheit and 900.degree. Farenheit, with pressure within the vessel achieved and maintained at 100-300 pounds per square inch. The vessel has a heat tube which extends through the center of the tires contained therein to uniformly apply heat. The method produces a low sulfur oil and gas, and a useable coke product from the pryolysis of the tires.

Abstract: A rotary fluid bed gasifier having a combustor assembly and a stationary feed conduit which is capable of feeding a carbonaceous material and/or limestone from outside of the gasifier and delivering this material to the gasification chamber of the combustor assembly through a rotating wall of the combustor assembly, wherein the stationary conduit is centrally disposed within the combustor assembly such that the rotatable inner assembly of the combustor assembly revolves about the stationary conduit.

Abstract: Reacted gas manifolds and reactant gas manifolds are added to the char fuel reaction chamber of a char fuel gas producer in order to create a flow of gas across the direction of motion of the solid char fuel. The char fuel volatile matter can then be mixed with air and this mixture separated from the producer gas created in the high temperature rapid reaction zone. Improved utilization of char fuel volatile matter can be achieved together with a reduction of tar formation.

Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing having a pyrolysis chamber for receiving and pyrolyzing feed materials therein into a gaseous material and solid ash residue, a mass of refractory material contained in the casing upon a bottom thereof, being spaced below a top and extending between opposite sides thereof, and including an inclined upper surface defining the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber and having a lower terminal edge being spaced from one of the opposite sides of the casing for defining a solid ash residue collection region therein, and a pusher mechanism disposed in the pyrolysis chamber for engaging and moving feed materials down the inclined upper surface of the refractory mass toward the lower terminal edge thereof.

Abstract: Combustible gases are produced from a solid fuel by pyrolizing the fuel in a pyrolyzer containing a low grade solid fuel producing combustible gases, and carbonaceous material that is combusted in a furnace to produce hot products that include hot flue gases and particulate material. The hot products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains comparatively coarse ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer for effecting the pyrolyzation of the fuel. A stream of reaction gases is applied to the pyrolyzer in such a way that the stream of reaction gases bubbles through the carbonaceous material in the pyrolyzer without fluidizing such material. In effect, the reaction gases activate the void fraction in the pyrolyzer thereby reducing the residence time of the material therein.

Abstract: Waste materials including chlorine compounds are charged into a fluidized-bed gasification furnace having a first fluidized bed of which fluidizing medium comprises CaO. HCl produced from the waste materials is reacted with CaO which is the fluidizing medium and changed into CaCl.sub.2, and then discharged from a discharge pipe together with unburned materials. Gas generated as a result of the above-described reaction flows together with CaCO.sub.3, which is supplied into a second fluidized bed of a fluidized-bed combustion furnace located above, and are burned within the second fluidized bed. CaO is supplied from the second fluidized bed into the first fluidized bed via a supply pipe. In this manner, HCl produced from the waste materials is effectively removed.

Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing having a top and bottom and a plurality of sides defining a pyrolysis chamber for receiving and pyrolyzing feed materials therein into fluid materials and a mass of refractory material disposed upon the bottom of the casing and spaced below the top thereof and extending between its sides. The refractory mass includes an upper surface defining a bottom of the pyrolysis chamber and having an end spaced from a first one of the casing sides to define an ash residue collection cavity therebetween. The apparatus also includes a pusher mechanism mounted to and extending through a second one of the casing sides opposite from the first one side. The pusher mechanism is operable to engage and transport residue of materials received on the upper surface of said refractory mass and being pyrolyzed in the chamber across the upper surface of the refractory mass toward the collection cavity.

Abstract: Gaseous discharge from a pelletizing drier used in the treatment of sewage sludge is partially directed back to a combustion chamber that generates an effluent which is fed to the drier. Volumetric requirements of a gas scrubber and an afterburner are reduced to the volume of gaseous discharge not recycled back to the combustion chamber. A concentrated stream of sewage sludge is mixed with a quantity of dehydrated particulate matter and supplied to a rotary pelletizing drier. Fuel and air undergo a combustion process and are mixed with additional air and part of the gaseous discharge in the combustion chamber which generates a hot gaseous effluent that is directed through the drier. The effluent removes moisture from the mixture of concentrated sludge and dehydrated particulate matter to provide dehydrated particulate sludge and the gaseous discharge. Entrained materials are initially separated from the gaseous discharge by cyclone separators.