Abstract: A radial expansion system.

Abstract: Soft, flexible films suitable for human skin contact are required for disposable medical devices. Soft, flexible monolayer elastomer films have been developed that are suitable for human skin contact and provide improved low-temperature flexibility and improved strength to weight ratio over conventional polyvinyl chloride films for medical uses. Embodiments of the flexible monolayer elastomer film include styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymers (SEPS), SEPS/polyolefin mixtures, SEPS/polyolefin/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer mixtures, and EVA/polyolefin mixtures.

Abstract: A flexible hose includes a hose body and a plurality of pleats formed on an outer circumferential surface of the hose body by predetermined intervals to give flexibility to the flexible hose. Each of the plurality of pleats includes an entering portion formed to be inclined to the outer circumferential surface of the hose body, and a head portion formed vertical to the outer circumferential surface of the hose body to extend from the entering portion, to be in fluid communication with an inside of the hose body via the entering portion.

Abstract: A linearly self-actuated hose for use in transporting fluids (liquids, gases, solid particles, and combinations of these three). Hose (30) has a biasing spring (36) that extends along its full length, and can comprise single or multiple springs and/or multiple diameter spring coils. Spring (36) is covered with hose cover material (32) on the outside and hose cover material (34) on the inside to form a sealed hose and are bowed inward or outward radially between the individual spring coils depending on the intended use of hose (30) to give the cover materials room to move out of the way when the hose retracts and the coils of spring (36) are forced close together. The Linearly Retractable Hose is operated by changing internal pressure within the hose relative to the ambient pressure on the exterior of the hose. Control of fluid pressure within hose (30) is what allows the hose to operate as an automatically extendable and retractable hose. The biasing of spring (36) depends on the type of use for the hose.

Abstract: The flexible insert for tubing includes an insert for water service tubing or the like that prevents the formation of stress cracks on the tubing when using a compression fitting. The insert is formed, at least in part, from an elongated, resilient, helical coil having opposed first and second ends. In one embodiment, the coil terminates in an enlarged turn or loop at one end of the coil that serves to retain the coil in the tubing. In another embodiment, the coil is butt welded to one end of a short, rigid sleeve having an annular flange at the opposite end. The insert also includes an O-ring and a compression nut.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrical extensible hose that includes an outer shell, an inner core and at least one helical wire, which acts like a skeleton. In the present invention one implemented an additional wire that was conductive. The outer shell and inner core of the present invention may be bonded together via heat fusion. The helical wire is attached to the inner core via heat fusion. The helical wire supports the outer shell and inner core so as to form a tube. The outer shell and the inner core have a portion that forms an angular fold and have a portion that remains fixed. The second wire is attached at a point below the fixed portion of the electrical stretch hose so as to allow for maximum constriction caused by the shrinkable force created by the helical wire, thus increasing the stretch ratio of the hose.

Abstract: A method to join pipe is disclosed using a curable one or two part adhesive composition comprising an effective amount of a boron containing initiator compound such as an organoborate, a stabilized organoborane complex, or combinations thereof; one or more monomers, oligomers, polymers or mixtures thereof having olefinic unsaturation which is capable of polymerization by free radical polymerization; and optionally a decomplexing agent.

Abstract: A flexible exhaust stack is suitable for use with a vehicle for which relative motion occurs between the cab of the vehicle and exhaust system components mounted to the vehicle frame. The exhaust stack includes a pipe mounted to the cab and having inlet and discharge ends. A collar is secured to an interior portion of the pipe between the inlet end and the discharge end. A flexible hose is at least partially disposed within the pipe, with a discharge end secured to the collar and an inlet end in fluid communication with the frame-mounted exhaust system components. The exhaust stack receives exhaust gases from the frame-mounted exhaust system components and discharges the exhaust gases from the discharge end of the pipe, while the flexible hose allows for relative motion between the cab and the exhaust system.

Abstract: An insulated hose for a high voltage paint application apparatus including an inner hose containing a fluid or paint charged at a high voltage. The flexible inner tube hose is arranged inside at least one flexible mechanical protection tube or layer and an air excluding medium is enclosed between flexible inner tube and first flexible mechanical protection layer. A mechanical protection layer may be surrounded by an electrical protection layer which is grounded. A system for applying paint or other fluid materials at a high voltage is also described.

Abstract: An inline duct supplemental heating and cooling device provides heated and/or cooled air to a room in a building to supplement the heating provided by the existing furnace or the cooling provided by the existing cooling unit in the building. The device includes an electric heater and fan that are activated and deactivated individually by a controller, which receives room temperature data from a thermostat. The device may include one or more separate safety devices to prevent overheating of heater air or of the device itself. Optionally, a vibration-insulating sleeve may be used to couple the device to an existing ventilation duct of the building.

Abstract: A single piece of extruded peristaltic roller pump tubing may have an inside diameter and outside diameter and wall thickness that may vary from one segment to next along its length. The tube may be formed with an atrial segment having an OD that is larger than the ventricular OD. Also, the arterial segment wall can be distensible and may be fluted. A peristaltic pump head assembly may have a C-shaped tube-holder which has no moving parts; secures the tubing 10 in pump assembly without the clamps, flanges or other tube-attaching devices; and provides a safer method for inserting the tubing into the pump head assembly. The inner diameter of the C-shaped tube-holder may be smaller than the OD of the atrial segment such that the atrial segment becomes snuggly wedged in the holder and prevents the incremental migration of the tubing through the roller raceway in the direction of the pump roller assembly rotation.

Abstract: A flexible tubing for fine bubble aeration is provided with an air passageway defined in part by an upper portion and a lower portion. The tubing can be made of a uniform weighted material with more material in the lower portion than in the upper portion. This makes the tubing self-orienting, in that it will tend to orient itself with micro-slits along the upper portion facing upward and the lower portion facing downward when submerged in a body of water. An automated, one-stage production line converts raw tubing material to a finished tubing product without the need for separate processing. A method of coiling the tubing places the micro-slits approximately 90° away from the surface of a spool hub, thereby avoiding a longitudinal arch in the tubing and ultimately preventing roll-over and improper slit orientation after installation in a water body.

Abstract: A flexible tube 10 of the present invention is disposed downstream of a exhaust path from an engine E, and formed of an outer bellows 3 as an outer tube and an inner bellows 4 as an inner tube; pleats 4c,4c of the inner bellows 4 are smaller in depth and pitch than the pleats 3c of the outer bellows 3, and the buffering space S is provided with a gap t between the pleats bottoms of the outer bellows 3 and the pleats tops of the inner bellows 4, and further, a partition 17 that splits the exhaust path is disposed in the inner bellows 4. For this reason, sound insulation effect is improved, and the lowering of the temperature of the exhaust gas is suppressed, leading to quick temperature rise of the exhaust gas to be fed into the catalytic converter, thereby promoting the activation of the catalysts and improving the capability to purify exhaust gas, and the exhaust efficiency can be improved thereby increasing output performance of the engine.

Abstract: A method for the production of a plastics pipe (9) comprising an inner core and an outer removable skin bonded thereto, which method comprises co-extruding molten polymeric materials forming the inner core and the outer removable skin layer from one or more extruder dies, bringing the polymeric materials together and allowing them to solidify, and conditioning the solidified polymeric materials at a temperature and for a time sufficient to influence the adhesion of the outer skin layer to the inner core, such that on cooling the adhesion of the outer skin layer to the inner core is sufficient to prevent substantial undesired relative movement between the skin layer and the core during installation of the pipe (9), but insufficient to prevent the outer skin layer from being clearly removed by peeling, at least at the ends of the pipe (9), and insufficient to cause a substantial reduction in the impact strength of the inner core.

Abstract: Reinforced hoses and clamps generally include a shape memory alloy material configured to provide tangential forces to the generally circular hoses and clamps. The shape memory alloy can be in the form of a ring embedded within the hose or may be in operative communication with the clamp such that a phase change in the shape memory alloy upon thermal activation provides the tangential forces.

Abstract: A flat pipe with variable flow capacity comprises a main body shaped as a flat tube wherein opposing ridges are installed at the inner upper and lower positions of the main body, and thin-film spacers are installed between said pairs of ridges, forming multiple passages in the main body. Due to the flexibility of the thin-film spacers, the passages of the main body may stretch to a larger diameter to adjust to increased flow. If the flow is significantly enlarged, the main body will flex at the ridges causing the thin-film spacers to separate which in turn opens flow to the main body, essentially creating one main passage with a large diameter. When flow is stopped or decreased, the main body will restore elastically and resume shape as a flat pipe. According to the above, the present invention discloses a pipe which is easily stored and prevents twisting which could result in deformation, breakage and flow interference.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for preventing disbondment in an insulated piping system that is used for conveying high temperature fluids. More specifically, an external slip wrap is shown, capable of surrounding the outer protective jacket of the insulated piping system at a location along the piping before an elbow shaped or angular change in direction. The slip wrap comprises a loosely received outer sleeve which surrounds the outer protective jacket of the piping without being bonded thereto, thereby allowing the insulated and jacketed pipe to move axially relative to the slip wrap for a selected distance once the pipe is buried in the ground.

Abstract: A flexible conduit or cable for electrical wiring having at least one break location along the length of the conduit or cable that is visible on an outer surface of the conduit or cable. The break location enables the conduit or cable to be broken. Also provided is a method for producing the flexible conduit or cable, and an apparatus that includes the flexible conduit or cable.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to an air supply device, which supplies fresh atmospheric air to an air conditioning system, such as an air purifier, an air conditioner, a heater and/or a cooler that is installed in a ceiling of a building. More particularly, the present invention relates to an air supply device, which includes an air supply pipe having a double pipe structure and constituting a passage for guiding atmospheric air to the air conditioning system. Described in detail, the present invention provides an air supply device, which includes an air inlet panel (3) mounted on an outer wall (1) of a building, and an air supply pipe (5) connected at a first end thereof to the air inlet panel (3) and connected at a second end thereof to an air conditioning system (4), such as an air purifier, an air conditioner, a heater and/or a cooler that is installed in a ceiling (2) of the building, thus supplying fresh atmospheric air to a room.

Abstract: A bathtub waste pipe assembly for draining fluid from a bathtub where the bathtub has an upper overflow drain and a lower drain. The bathtub waste pipe assembly includes a flexible hollow pipe extending from the upper overflow drain to the lower drain.

Abstract: A flexible tube to be used with a hollow tube is disclosed. The flexible tube comprises a flexible body which comprises a front end, a rear end, and an elastic segment located between the front end and the rear end. The elastic segment is capable of changing its shape on the basis of the variation of its position relative to the hollow tube so as to change the orientation of the front end.

Abstract: A tube for a peristaltic pump comprises an elastically deformable tubular body (2) made from a PVC composition containing: 100 phr of a PVC resin having a K value, measured according to standard ISO 1628-2, of not less than 85, from 40 to 100 phr of DEHA plasticizer, from 0.05 to 1.0 phr of lubricant, from 0.3 to 15.0 phr of stabilizer and co-stabilizer. The deformable tube, which is usefully employed for liquid transport in a dialysis apparatus, enables a high level of fluid transport efficiency to be maintained, even after many hours of peristaltic pump operation.

Abstract: An air induction system wherein the outlet air assembly includes a sleeve-lined convolute duct. A sleeve liner is disposed within a convolute duct which spans the convolutes, wherein an attached end of the sleeve liner is attached to a non-convolute portion of the convolute duct, wherein a free end is freely slidable in the convolute duct, and wherein the free end of the sleeve liner and the attached end of the sleeve liner each serve as a sealing cuff whereby air flow is laminar therethrough irrespective of the convolutes.

Abstract: A bendable caulking nozzle extension device for use with a caulking tube having a nozzle, said device comprising an elongated tube portion extending between a proximal base portion and a distal tip portion, and having a hollow passageway defined therein. The elongated tube portion is constructed from a flexible, resilient material that may be repeatedly and forcibly deformed. An attachment means is positioned within the proximal base portion for releasably affixing said device to the nozzle of the caulking tube. A deformable stiffening element is positioned on the elongated tube portion, and is constructed of a material that allows it to be repeatedly and forcibly deformed whilst substantially retaining such deformed configuration after the removal of a deforming force. Caulking material flowing from the caulking tube flows into said hollow passageway, and out of the exit aperture of the distal tip portion to a work surface remote from the nozzle of the caulking tube.

Abstract: A respiratory apparatus for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a flow generator that generates a supply of pressurised gas to be delivered to the patient; a humidifier for vaporising water and delivering water vapor to humidify the gas; a gas flow path leading from the flow generator to the humidifier and from the humidifier to a patient interface; and a heater in thermal contact with the gas and/or the water, wherein the heater comprises an elongate heating filament in the form of a tape. A humidifier for respiratory apparatus includes a first respiratory gas passage for receiving gas from a flow generator, a humidifier chamber, a second respiratory gas passage for delivering humidified gas to a patient interface, and a heater in thermal contact with the gas and/or the water, wherein the heater comprises an elongate heating filament extending along at least part of both said first and second respiratory gas passages.

Abstract: A heat-resistant plastic tube is mainly made of a polyester-based elastomer and exhibits a change amount in angle of ±10° or less in a shape retainability performance test, a change rate in inner diameter of ±2% or less in a dimensional stability performance test, a change rate in yield strength of ±30% or less in a flexibility retainability performance test. The heat-resistant plastic tube can be subjected to a thermal bending at a temperature in a use environment or higher and exhibits excellent retention of the bent shape through the thermal bending after being left in the use environment.

Abstract: Roof drying apparatus (10) comprises: a housing (12) having one or more air inlets (26) and an air outlet (40); an internal combustion engine (24) mounted in the housing (12); and a blower mechanism (34) which is drivable by the engine (24) for forcing air out of the air outlet (40) of the housing (12). The apparatus is characterised in that an exhaust outlet (30) of the engine (24) is positioned to discharge exhaust gas in or onto an air flow path which extends from the or at least one of the air inlets (26) to the air outlet (40) so that, in use, at least a portion of the air outputted from the air outlet (40) by the blower mechanism (34) is pre-heated by the exhaust gas of the engine (24). A duct device for adapting an internal combustion engine handheld air blower device to form such roof drying apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A flexible pipe includes a tubular member and a capillary material. The tubular member includes two closed ends and defines a flexible section having a sidewall of wavelike embossment. The capillary material is mounted to an inner side of the tubular member. Accordingly, the wavelike embossment of the flexible section facilitates the bending of the pipe to allow the user to bend the pipe directly by hands thereof without over-bending or depression of the pipe.

Abstract: A flat pipe with variable flow capacity comprises a main body shaped as a flat tube wherein opposing ridges are installed at the inner upper and lower positions of the main body, and thin-film spacers are installed between said pairs of ridges, forming multiple passages in the main body. Due to the flexibility of the thin-film spacers, the passages of the main body may stretch to a larger diameter to adjust to increased flow. If the flow is significantly enlarged, the main body will flex at the ridges causing the thin-film spacers to separate which in turn opens flow to the main body, essentially creating one main passage with a large diameter. When flow is stopped or decreased, the main body will restore elastically and resume shape as a flat pipe. According to the above, the present invention discloses a pipe which is easily stored and prevents twisting which could result in deformation, breakage and flow interference.

Abstract: A fluid flow stabilizer for use in a flow of fluid in a conduit between a source of turbulence and a fluid control device. The stabilizer comprises a fluid conduit section having a first end with a mounting arrangement for mounting the first end to the fluid conduit and a second end with a mounting arrangement for mounting the second end to the fluid conduit, the fluid conduit section having a fluid passage therethrough to allow fluid to flow from the first end to the second end, and a flow straightening device positioned in the fluid conduit section. The fluid conduit section may be constructed to absorb at least one of shock, vibration and alignment in the conduit.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a utility hot and cold water mixing system consisting of three components, a hot water Y-coupler with a flow control ball valve on one side, a central Y-coupler with a flow control ball valve and a cold water Y-coupler on the other side. A unique configuration derived by twisting the connecting hoses maintains the central Y-coupler in an upright position. The system has been designed to mount to the hot and cold water faucets used by the washing machine no matter what the spacing is. It allows the temperature of the water to be preset so that each time the control valve is opened the proper temperature water is provided and no adjustments are required while providing full pressure hot and cold water to a washing machine.

Abstract: A flexible hose is disclosed, e.g., a charge-air hose for the automobile industry. A charge-air hose has rigid and flexible sections, which can be manufactured at lower costs and is less prone to material failure during permanent use than is a conventional hose. An exemplary flexible hose comprises at least one crosslinkable material, wherein the hose has crosslinking degrees differing in portions.

Abstract: A retractable hose extension for a vacuum having an expandable hose within a containment structure, a first coupling at the first end of the hose and in the first end of the containment structure for connecting the hose to a vacuum, a valve at the second end of the hose, and either a door or other releasable retention device for the hose. Preferably, the valve is an iris valve. Two fixed embodiment and one portable embodiment exist. The first fixed embodiment is inserted within a wall. The second fixed embodiment is rotatably attached to a tube contained within or running below a ceiling and extending from a vacuum system.

Abstract: A patient interface assembly adapted to be connected to a gas supply pump to deliver breathable gas to the inlet of a patient's respiratory system comprises a supply conduit, a patient interface, a branch swivel connector including a Y-piece and an elbow that swivels relative to the Y-piece, the branch swivel connector being adapted to be located to the rear of a patient's head in use and being connected to the supply conduit. A pair of inlet tubes each have a first end positioned in use near a mouth of a patient and are connected to the nose mask, a middle portion arranged to pass across a cheek of a patient and an end portion being joined to the Y-piece of the branch connector. The inlet tubes have a flat configuration and are provided with a plurality of internal ribs which prevent the tubes being crushed. A strap is secured to the patient interface and adapted to pass around the sides and rear of the head to hold the patient interface in position on the head.

Abstract: A tube is provided for use in a peristaltic pump, with the tube including a cylindrical wall defining a hollow interior and a cylindrical outer surface. The tube further includes a longitudinal centerline axis and a plurality of indicia applied to the cylindrical outer surface, with the indicia including first and second indicium extending transversely to the longitudinal centerline axis. The second indicium is longitudinally spaced from the first indicium by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A well having a bore hole extending from surface to an underground formation, a casing arranged in the borehole, a tubing hanger supported on the top of the casing, a packer arranged in the casing at a predetermined depth, and a tubing extending from the tubing hanger to the packer, wherein the tubing includes a tubing section that consists of a tubular body of elastomeric material that is reinforced by axially extending reinforcement strands arranged in the tubular body.

Abstract: A conduit system is described for providing fresh air to aircraft positioned on the ground. The conduit system includes self-similar conduit sections having a female or connection end in a male or insertion end. The conduit sections may be back-compatible with existing fresh air conduits. The connection end forms sides or flaps joined by integral flexible bellows or gussets. The connection end thus forms a closed ring. The male end may be secured within the connection end by means of hook-and-loop fastener material and the connection end may be closed over the male end. The connection end is then completely closed by securement of extension tabs to an exterior surface of the connection end, thereby collapsing the integral bellows.

Abstract: In a flexible pipe having shape retaining capabilities, a first pipe is provided having a first base wire and a first subsidiary wire, the first base wire being wound in a spiral manner, the first subsidiary wire externally covering the first base wire and being fit into an external valley of the first base wire, and a second pipe having a second base wire and a second subsidiary wire, the second base wire being wound in a spiral manner in an opposite direction from the first base wire, the second subsidiary wire externally covering the second base wire and being fit into an external valley of the second base wire. The second pipe being provided inside and in contact with the first pipe. When a torsional force is applied to the first pipe, the second pipe generates a bearing force against the torsional force.

Abstract: A duct for containing a cable and method for mounting the cable therein include providing the duct with a collapsible or flexible wall movable between a contracted condition for mounting the duct in a conduit and an extended condition of increased cross-sectional area for inserting a cable in the duct. The duct is moved to its extended condition by an applied internal pressure and, after the cable has been inserted, the duct is returned to its contracted condition. The duct has a multiple layer construction: an inner layer, an outer protective layer and a reinforcing layer between them. There may be frictional reducing ribs on the inner and/or outer layer in order to reduce the forces necessary to place the duct and/or the cable. Alternatively, the duct may have a single, thin layer.

Abstract: A flexible innerduct structure is configured to contain a cable within a conduit. The innerduct structure includes a pair of adjacent strip-shaped layers of flexible material that are joined along their longitudinal edges to define a channel through which the cable can extend longitudinally through the innerduct structure between the layers. The adjacent layers have differing widths between their longitudinal edges, whereby the wider layer bulges away from the narrower layer to impart an open configuration to the channel. Other features of the innerduct structure relate to the material of which it is formed. Such features includes the structure of the material, such as a woven structure, and further include properties such as melting point, tensile strength, elongation, coefficient of friction, crimp resistance and compression recovery.

Abstract: An expandable tubular fabric formed by heat setting a plurality of thermoplastic yarns producing drawn thermoplastic yarns, arranging these yarns in an array and in juxtaposed positions and moving them in a first direction. Extruding at least one filament along a circular or other shaped path about the moving array of drawn yarns and causing the extruded filament(s) to bond with the array of yarns. Finally, setting the extruded filament in bonded position with the array of yarns holding them in relative fixed positions and forming the fabric stable.

Abstract: An flexible coupling is shown for an insulated piping system of the type used to convey steam and other high temperature fluids. The coupling uses a flexible bellows and additional insulating and joining components to couple conventional lengths of insulated pipe. The bellows arrangement compensates for any relative movement of the inner fluid conveying pipes with respect to the outer layers of insulating material and outer jacket in order to protect the integrity of the assembly and prevent the intrusion of water or other contaminants which could lead to corrosion or early failure of the piping system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for compensating for pressure drop in a product pipe through which a liquid flows and a system comprising such a device. The device comprises a collapsible tube portion, which is connectible to the product pipe and is characterized by a limiting means, which is adapted to counteract stretching of the tube portion in the circumferential direction and which is adapted to allow free collapsing of the tube portion.

Abstract: Polyolefin mouldings that have excellent stability on permanent contact with chlorinated water comprise, as stabilizer, at least a compound selected from the group consisting of i) an epoxidized fatty acid having 3 to 22 carbon atoms or an aklyl ester thereof having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and/or ii) an organotin compound; and/or iii) a compound containing at least one radical of the formula A or B.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymeric treatment for curved regions in shaft assemblies that increases curve retention without affecting the flexibility within these regions. More specifically, the present invention modifies the underlying crystalline morphology of a polymer in order to decrease crystal fracturing. In particular, the present invention treats polymeric materials suitable for catheter construction with a nucleating agent.

Abstract: A flexible innerduct structure is configured to contain a cable within a conduit. The innerduct structure includes a pair of adjacent strip-shaped layers of flexible material that are joined along their longitudinal edges to define a channel through which the cable can extend longitudinally through the innerduct structure between the layers. The adjacent layers have differing widths between their longitudinal edges, whereby the wider layer bulges away from the narrower layer to impart an open configuration to the channel. Other features of the innerduct structure relate to the material of which it is formed. Such features includes the structure of the material, such as a woven structure, and further include properties such as melting point, tensile strength, elongation, coefficient of friction, crimp resistance and compression recovery.

Abstract: A continuous drain hose for an electrical appliance having a water outlet is disclosed. The drain hose comprises a first cylindrical end portion being connectable to the water outlet, a second end portion being connectable to a drain pipe and comprising a bellows that is able to form a permanent bend when a temporary bending force is applied thereto, and a flexible corrugated portion connected between the first cylindrical end portion and the second end portion. The bellows is also permanently expandable or retractable when a temporary pulling or pressing force is applied thereto. The drain hose further comprises an elastic connection member, which is integrally molded to the first cylindrical end portion and is sealably connectable to the water outlet. The first cylindrical end portion comprises at least one annular ring externally formed thereon so as to prevent the molded elastic connection member from being disengaged from the first cylindrical end portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for compensating for pressure drop in a product pipe through which a liquid flows, and a system comprising such a device. The device comprises a collapsible tube portion, which is connectible to the product pipe, and is characterised by a limiting means, which is adapted to counteract stretching of the tube portion in the circumferential direction and which is adapted to allow free collapsing of the tube portion.

Abstract: Low-pressure drip irrigation system, comprising a distribution pipe made of thin-walled sleeve collapsible when empty and designed to operate under hydraulic head up to 3 m H2O, having a plurality of holes in the walls thereof, a plurality of branch tubes equipped with low-pressure drip emitters; and a plurality of connectors connecting the branch tubes to the holes of the distribution pipe. The sleeve material is opaque and reflecting the solar radiation so that the natural growth of microorganisms and algae in the irrigation water is suppressed, and the pipe is not heated more than 35° C. above the ambient air temperature. The irrigation system is assembled in the field from components of a kit by deploying the distribution pipe, filling it with water, cutting the holes by means of a special band-held tool, inserting the connectors into the holes, and assembling the branch tubes with the connectors.

Abstract: A high temperature pre-insulated piping system is shown which can withstand conveyance temperatures in excess of 250° F. The piping system includes a first and second length of insulated and jacketed pipe. Each pipe length includes an inner metal pipe having an interior surface and an exterior surface and having an envelope of foamed insulation surrounding the inner pipe exterior surface. A special release agent is applied between the metal pipe exterior and the surrounding layer of foamed insulation. The release agent causes intentional disbondment of the foamed insulation layer from the inner metal pipes under certain conditions of environmental stress.