Abstract: Fibers melt-spun from a thermoplastic alternating copolymer composed of alkenes and carbon monoxide have a

Abstract: Tires using high tensile reinforcement with value of at least 1240 N(280 lbs) for U+T type cord and at least 2000 N(450 lbs) for bunched type cord.

Abstract: A single wire steel cord is prepared by flattening a round wire to have two flat surfaces facing each other and two round surfaces interposed between the two flat surfaces to face each other, wherein a flattening ratio D/W of the wire, where D denotes the short diameter of the cross section of the flattened wire and W denotes the long diameter of the cross section of the flattened wire, falls within a range of 0.5 to 0.95. Forming is applied to the flattened wire in a direction of at least the short diameter of the cross section of the flattened wire, and the flattened single wire steel cord is embedded in a tire belt portion such that one flat surface of the cord faces that portion of the tire which is brought into contact with the ground.

Abstract: A steel cord (10) for reinforcing elastomeric articles. The steel cord (10) having a plurality of strands (14). Each strand (14) having a core (20) and a sheath (22). The sheath (22) being a plurality of steel filaments that are helically wrapped about the core (20). A first strand (16) extending longitudinally through the center of the steel cord (10). The remaining strands (18) being helically wrapped about the first strand (16). The core (20) of the first strand (16) being a plurality of filaments twisted together. In a preferred embodiment, the core (20) of the first strand 16 being three filaments twisted together.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a reinforcing fabric for articles made from rubber, such as pneumatic tires, conveyor belts, flexible tubes, and similar, comprising a plurality of metal cords orientated parallel to each other in a single direction and in which each cord comprises metal wires wound spirally around each other, wherein at least one of the wires of the cord consists of a shape memory material.

Abstract: Reinforcing fabric for articles made from elastomeric material, particularly for pneumatic tires, comprising a plurality of filamentary elements having at least tensile strength, parallel and adjacent to each other in a plane, lying in a predetermined direction. The reinforcing elements, preferably cords, are incorporated in an elastomeric material and constitute at most the 40% of the volume of the fabric.

Abstract: A strip of tire ply stock is reinforced with steel cords wherein the steel cords are constructed of high strength wire filament having at least a tensile strength of −2000×D+4400 MPa where D is the filament diameter in mm. Tires are constructed with the ply stock in the belt and/or carcass.

Abstract: A metal cord for reinforcing articles made from elastomeric material comprises a plurality of metal wires wound spirally around each other. At least one of the metal wires is formed from a shape memory material, has capacities of recovering a previously memorized shape, and is deformed from the memorized shape. The shape memory wire of the cord has the recovery capacities substantially active in a first heat cycle and degraded to at least a significant predetermined extent after the first heat cycle. One or more such metal cords may be incorporated in pneumatic tires, reinforcing fabric, and other articles, including by means of processes described herein.

Abstract: A metallic cord has (a) a core composed of two filaments either parallel or intertwisted with each other, (b) a single filament surrounding the core and (c) a sheath of nine filaments surrounding the core and single filament. Preferably, the diameter of each filament ranges from about 0.15 to 0.4 mm. The cord may reinforce elastomeric articles such as tires, belts and hoses and preferably is used in a belt ply or carcass ply of a pneumatic tire.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles has a two-layer construction in which a core consists of two steel filaments and a sheath arranged around the core consists of nine steel filaments.

Abstract: There is disclosed a zinc-rich coated steel article which is characterized by an outer layer of rubber containing a weight ratio of sulfur vulcanizing agent to total accelerator ranging from 0.4:1 to 0.8:1.

Abstract: Special cords of textile material are used for reinforcing a portion of a pneumatic tire. The cord comprises at least one yarn and has a first portion adjacent to its outer peripheral surface and a second radially inner portion, adjacent to its core, wherein the second portion is constituted by filaments which are compacted and possibly fused together and the first portion by discrete filaments. Further a method for making such cord and a pneumatic tire including such cord are disclosed.

Abstract: A reinforcing cord which strongly adheres to a mixed rubber comprising a hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber having excellent flex resistance and heat resistance and a hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber having dispersed therein zinc methacrylate, and a treating material for forming a coating layer on the cord. The reinforcing cord comprises a fiber for reinforcing a rubber, a first coating layer formed on the surface of the fiber, obtained by coating a treating material comprising a resorcin/formalin condensate and a rubber latex on the surface thereof, and a second coating layer formed on the first coating layer, obtained by coating another treating material comprising a rubber compound, a vulcanizing agent and one member selected from the group consisting of a silane coupling agent, a maleimide type vulcanization assistant and a dimethacrylate type vulcanization assistant.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant steel cord for reinforcing rubber articles, particularly a belt and/or carcass of a pneumatic tire, has a residual compressive stress inside the twisting helix of each steel filament such that a ratio R.sub.1 /R.sub.0 is less than one, where R.sub.0 is the radius of curvature of a helix in each helically formed steel filament obtained by untwisting of the cord and R.sub.1 is the radius of curvature of the helix after removal of a surface layer from the inside of the helix in the steel filament. The steel filaments have a tensile strength of 4,000-4,800 N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved carbon blacks and a process for producing them. The improved carbon blacks are distinguished from conventional blacks having the same CTAB surface, after incorporation into SSBR/BR rubber compositions, by a lower rolling resistance with equal or better wet skid behavior. They can be produced in conventional carbon black reactors by conducting the burning in the combustion chamber so that carbon nuclei form and are immediately brought into contact with the carbon black raw material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of promoting the adhesion of textiles to rubber compounds through a vinyl compound plasma pre-treatment procedure and a subsequent application of resorcinol-formaldehyde latex (RFL) to the textile surface. The inventive method encompasses a process through which free radicals of compounds comprising strong carbon--carbon bonds form a film over textile films and then covalently bonded to the resin component of the RFL. Such a method thus produces an extremely strong and versatile adhesive that facilitates adhesion between rubber compounds and heretofore unusable or difficult-to-use textiles. The resultant textile/rubber composites are utilized as reinforcements within such materials as automobile tires, fan belts, conveyor belts, and the like. Such materials and composites are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: The anchoring of the carcass reinforcing elements 1 is assured by circumferential cables 2, with the interposition of a connecting rubber composition 3. The circumferential cable 2 is arranged in several turns forming one or more helices. These circumferential cables have an operational elongation rate A.sub.f =A.sub.e +A.sub.p of more than 4%. This operational elongation rate does not include the specific elongation A.sub.s of the "cable" effect. The maximum stress R.sub.m of the cable 2 is preferably more than 2000 MPa. The cables have undergone a heat treatment which has, in combination, the features of being a recovery annealing treatment and which is carried out directly on cable comprising wires previously separately covered by an adherent coating.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a carcass ply made of cords each having a complex elastic modulus E* (kgf) and loss factor tan .delta. satisfying the following conditions: tan .delta.>0; tan .delta..ltoreq.0.001.times.E*-0.173; tan .delta..ltoreq.-0.0003.times.E*+0.174: and E*.ltoreq.340, under a temperature of 120 degrees C.

Abstract: A reinforcement ply for an elastomeric article comprises a plurality of parallel extensible reinforcing members laid at a substantially constant end count perpendicular to their longitudinal direction, the ply having different extensibilities in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing members in different parts of the ply. The reinforcing members are preferably made such that they each have at least one filament which is displaced perpendicularly from the longitudinal centerline of the reinforcing member in one part of the reinforcing member compared to another part. A tire may include the reinforcement ply as a hoop or band in the ground contacting tread region.

Abstract: A coated multi-filament reinforcing carbon yarn is encapsulated with a rubber composition. The rubber composition comprises resorcinol-formaldehyde reaction product, a vinylpyridine-styrene butadiene terpolymer, an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer and urea.

Abstract: This invention describes the use of liquid block isoprene-butadiene copolymers of approximately 25,000 to 100,000 .sub.v molecular weight, and which comprises 10 to 90% by weight isoprene and 90 to 10% by weight butadiene. This material is added to a rubber compound that contains natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and butadiene rubber, or blends thereof, the sum of which is equal to or greater than 50 phr of the entire rubber content formulation. The liquid block copolymer is used at low levels, typically 1.5 phr to 15 phr. The invention also includes tires with at least one component composed of such rubber composition such as a tire tread.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire comprises a belt disposed radially outside a carcass and radially inside a tread portion, the belt comprising at least one ply of at least one high-elongation steel cord, the high-elongation steel cord being formed by twisting at least three waving steel filaments together to form a core and a sheath surrounding the core. The waving filaments change place repeatedly along the longitudinal direction of the cord such that one of the filaments forms the core in a portion, but in a different portion of the cord, the same filament forms part of the sheath, thereby defining a plurality of first parts with the core and a plurality of second parts without the core which are disposed alternately in the longitudinal direction of the cord. The elongation at break of the high-elongation steel cord is in the range of from 4 to 10%.

Abstract: A metallic cord for the reinforcement of elastomers has a 4+3 construction wherein the diameter of each filament ranges from 0.35 to 0.50 mm. The lay length of the four filaments in the core may be infinity. A pneumatic tire has a belt structure of at least two radially overlapped layers of elastomeric materials reinforced with metallic cords, each metallic cord of at least one of the layers being the 4+3 metallic cord.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for heavy duty use comprises at least one radial carcass ply, a tread portion disposed radially outwardly of the crown region of the carcass plies and a crown reinforcing structure interposed between the tread portion and the crown region of the carcass plies. The crown reinforcing structure includes a belt assembly having at least a first, radially innermost and a second, radially outermost belt ply. The cords reinforcing the belt plies are preferably made of PET or PEN and have a linear density comprised between 2000 and 16000 Denier, a twist comprised between 2 and 7 TPI and a twist multiplier comprised between 3 and 5.

Abstract: Cellulose extrudates can be made from an optically anisotropic solution containing 94-100 wt % of: cellulose; phosphoric acid and/or its anhydrides; and water by extruding the solution, coagulating the formed extrudates, and then aftertreating those extrudates so that they have a degree of acidity which at least equals 7. Fibers obtained by such a processs possess particularly good thermal stability and are suitable for use as a reinforcing material.

Abstract: A wire cord for reinforcing rubber items, more particularly pneumatic tires for cars and trucks, comprises at least three wire filaments 2 arranged about a continuous core filament 3. The core filament 3 consists of a non-metallic material capable of longitudinal contraction when the rubber item 5 to be reinforced is vulcanized, this material being more particularly non-drawn nylon. On vulcanization of the rubber item 5 to be reinforced the core filament 3 contracts and expands in diameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing silica reinforcement and pneumatic tires having treads comprised of such rubber composition. The rubber composition comprises an elastomer, silica, optionally carbon black, and a silica coupler comprised of an N,N'-diorgano-N,N'-dithiobis (organosulfonamide).

Abstract: Process for treating a body of steel to promote its adherence to a composition which includes at least a rubber, containing the following points:a body at least the surface of which is of stainless steel is used, this steel containing at least 0.02% and at most 0.2% carbon, at least 3% and at most 20% nickel, at least 12% and at most 28% chromium, the sum of the nickel and the chromium being at least equal to 20% and at most equal to 35%, all of these percentage values being by weight; the structure of the steel includes at least 20% by volume of martensite and is without austenite or it comprises less than 80% thereof by volume;the surface of the body is activated and then treated with at least one starting silane so that it is covered with a film constituted only, or substantially only, of one or more silanes, in such a manner that this surface treated in this way can be placed directly in contact with the composition.

Abstract: A tire includes polybenzazole (PBZ) fibers, preferably either polybenzoxazole (PBO) or polybenzothiazole (PBT) fibers which are liquid-crystalline. The PBZ fibers can be incorporated into either the carcass of the tire, the reinforcing belts, or both. Preferably the PBZ fibers have a) a tensile strength of at least 4.0 GPa; b) a tensile modulus of at least 140 GPa; and c) an average void diameter of 25 .ANG. or less.

Abstract: A tire, having at least one carcass reinforcement, furthermore comprises itional reinforcement ply (1) of maximum circumferential length L, composed at least of lengths (20) of metal wires or cables, of lengths of between 0.1 L and 0.5 L, arranged substantially circumferentially, parallel to each other and forming rows separated from each other, in the direction perpendicular to their orientation, by gaps (p, P), characterized in that a textile cord or cable (3) of synthetic material is present in at least one gap out of two, and continuous over the entire length of the rows.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing a rubber product includes a core consisting of one steel filament and a sheath consisting of a plurality of steel filaments wound around the core. The steel filament of the core alternately having straight portions, whose axes of the straight portions are disposed on one line, and protrusions formed by bending. The peak of each protrusion is disposed outside of the sheath. The steel cord for reinforcing a rubber product is used in a pneumatic tire. The pneumatic tire includes a carcass having a crown portion and having a toroidal shape, a pair of beads over which the toroidal shape extends, a belt layer or belt layers for reinforcing the crown portion of the carcass, and rubber surrounding the carcass, the pair of bead, and the belt layer(s). The steel cord is used in the carcass and/or the belt layer(s).

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire includes a belt layer, comprised of steel cords having a lateral flat cross-section, arranged around an outer periphery of a tread portion of a carcass layer so that the diameter direction of the steel cords is made to follow the planar direction of the belt layer, the steel cord is made a flat 1.times.6 twist structure comprised of filaments of a filament diameter d of 0.20 to 0.40 mm, the long diameter D.sub.L and twist pitch P of the steel cord taken out from the tire are made with respect to the filament diameter d as follows:3.67 d-0.04.ltoreq.D.sub.L .ltoreq.3.67 d+0.1630d.ltoreq.P.ltoreq.45dand the elongation of the steel cord caused when increasing a load from 0.25 kg to 5.0 kg is made 0.25% or less.

Abstract: The steel wire for making steel cord used in rubber product reinforcement has a tensile strength, Y in N/mm.sup.2, such that Y.gtoreq.-1960d+3920, wherein d is the wire diameter in mm, and also a flat Vickers hardness distribution in a cross-section perpendicular to a length direction thereof from the surface to the interior, but excluding a central portion having a central portion diameter corresponding to 1/4 of the wire diameter. The steel wire is made by a method including wet drawing a carbon steel wire rod material containing 0.80 to 0.89% by weight carbon to a predetermined intermediate diameter and subsequently heat-treating and plating to form a final raw material and then wet drawing the final raw material to form the steel wire. The wet drawing steps are performed with drawing dies, each of which is provided with a drawing hole having a drawing hole diameter d.sub.1 and the drawing die has an approach angle 2.alpha. equal to from 8.degree. to 10.degree. and a bearing length of 0.3 d.sub.1.

Abstract: A steel cord intended for use to reinforce rubber products is produced by drawing, into a steel filament of 0.10 to 0.40 mm in diameter and more than 3,000 N/mm.sup.2 in strength, a wire rod having a carbon content of more than 0.70% by weight, and twisting a plurality of such steel filaments together. Also a pneumatic tire is provided which employs in at least a portion of a reinforcing member thereof the steel cord improved in corrosion resistance and having an R.sub.1 /R.sub.0 ratio .times.100 which is less than 100, where R.sub.0 is the radius of spiral curvature of the spiraled steel filament resulting from untwisting said steel cord and R.sub.1 is the radius of spiral curvature of said steel filament of which the surface layer inside the spiral is removed by dissolving.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire includes at least two belt plies reinforced with steel monofilaments inclined at an angle of 10.degree. to 30.degree. with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, the monofilaments being laid at an end count ranging from 25 to 60 ends per inch and having a diameter of from 0.25 to 0.40 mm, a tensile strength of at least 4080 MPa-(2000.times.D).times.95 percent where D is the filament diameter in millimeters and a fatigue resistance of at least 3500 cycles as measured by the three-roll bending fatigue test. Preferably, the filament diameter ranges from 0.30 to 0.35 mm, the tensile strength of each monofilament is at least 4400 MPa-(2000.times.D).times.95 percent and the fatigue resistance ranges from 3500 to 6000 cycles.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises various tire components each comprised of a rubber-coated layer containing a given number of reinforcing elements. In at least one of these rubber-coated layers, not less than 30% of all reinforcing elements are divided into plural groups each comprised of a combination of m-steps and n-rows viewing in a thickness direction of the rubber-coated layer, in which each of m and n is an integer of 2 or more representing the number of the reinforcing elements, and a distance between mutually adjacent and opposite reinforcing elements not grouped with each other is wider than a distance between mutually adjacent reinforcing elements in the group.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for heavy duty use comprises at least one radial carcass ply, a tread portion disposed radially outwardly of the crown region of the carcass plies and a crown reinforcing structure interposed between the tread portion and the crown region of the carcass plies. The crown reinforcing structure includes a belt assembly having at least a first, radially innermost and a second, radially outermost belt ply. The cords reinforcing the belt plies are preferably made of PET or PEN and have a linear density comprised between 2000 and 16000 Denier, a twist comprised between 2 and 7 TPI and a twist multiplier comprised between 3 and 5.

Abstract: A steel cord adapted for the reinforcement of an elastomer comprises steel filaments of a pearlitic structure. The steel cord has a plastic and elastic elongation at break of x % and a plastic and elastic elongation capability in the vulcanized elastomer of y %, the values x and y fulfilling following equation:y-0.50.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.y+0.50,which means that the total elongation at break does not fall down considerably after embedding the steel cord into an elastomer.

Abstract: A stainless steel wire for reinforcing the crown (1) of tires (100), comping at least 0.02% and at most 0.2% carbon, at least 6% and at most 10% nickel, at least 16% and at most 20% chromium, the content of molybdenum of the steel being zero or at most equal to 5%, the total of the nickel, chromium and molybdenum being at least 23% and at most 28.5%, all these percentages being % by weight;the structure of the steel comprises at least 50% by volume martensite and it is without austenite or comprises less than 50% by volume thereof.Assemblies (620), reinforcement plies (62) and tires (100) comprising this wire.Process for preparing this wire.

Abstract: A tire component used in a pneumatic radial tire is a rubber-coated layer comprised of a given number of reinforcing elements separately arranged in parallel with each other, in which the reinforcing elements corresponding to at least 30% of all reinforcing elements included in the rubber-coated layer are divided into plural groups, and a distance between mutually adjoining and opposite reinforcing elements not grouped with each other is wider than a distance between mutually adjoining reinforcing elements separately arranged at equal spaces in the group. Thus, the occurrence of cracking at cut ends of the reinforcing elements is prevented to improve the tire durability.

Abstract: A tire component used in a pneumatic radial tire is a rubber-coated layer comprised of a given number of reinforcing elements separately arranged in parallel with each other, in which the reinforcing elements corresponding to at least 30% of all reinforcing elements included in the rubber-coated layer are divided into plural groups, and a distance between mutually adjoining and opposite reinforcing elements not grouped with each other is wider than a distance between mutually adjoining reinforcing elements separately arranged at equal spaces in the group. Thus, the occurrence of cracking at cut ends of the reinforcing elements is prevented to improve the tire durability.

Abstract: A tire includes incisions in a ply of parallel cords of the tire, made pr to the ply's utilization for making the tire. A cutting device for making the incisions is comprised of a reference holder to impose a known orientation to the parallel cords. It is comprised of a blade of a given width C, the blade being positioned transversely relative to the known orientation, the device including an assembly for causing the cutting of the cords by the blade, and including an assembly for moving the blade transversely relative to the holder, and an assembly for moving the ply longitudinally relative to the holder.

Abstract: The pneumatic tire has a single carcass ply reinforced with parallel metallic cords, each cord composed of at least one filament having a tensile strength of at least (-2000.times.D+4400 MPa).times.95%, where D is the filament diameter in millimeters. The turnup portion of the single carcass ply 12 in the bead portion of a pneumatic tire is interposed between the bead core 11 and a toe guard 18, and the radially outer edge of each turnup portion being in contact with the main portion of the carcass ply and extending to an end point 0.5 to 4.0 inches (12.7 to 101.6 mm) radially outward of the bead core. The toe guard 18 has a first and second end and each end is disposed directly adjacent to the carcass ply. The first end 18a of the toe guard is located on the axially inner side of the main portion of the carcass ply at a location about 0.4 to 3.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber article has a three-layer twisting construction comprising a core layer comprised of a single steel filament, a first sheath layer comprised of six steel filaments and a second sheath layer comprised of steel filaments subtracted by 1 or 2 filament from maximum steel filament number arranged on a circumscribed circle of the first sheath layer without a wrap filament. In this steel cord, filament diameters of the core layer and the sheath layers satisfy the particular relationships. The steel cord is used in a carcass ply of a heavy duty pneumatic radial tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a carcass toroidally extending between a pair of bead portions and a belt arranged outside the carcass in a radial direction of the tire and composed of at least one belt layer, in which the belt layer is made from a plurality of steel cords, each cord being formed by twisting 2 to 4 filament bundles each consisting of two steel filaments paralleled with each other so as to have a structure that major axes of the filament bundles constituting the cord are set toward substantially the same direction. In the belt layer, the major axes of the filament bundles in the cords constituting the belt layer are arranged substantially in a row in a widthwise direction of the belt.

Abstract: A tire component used in a pneumatic radial tire is a rubber-coated layer comprised of a given number of reinforcing elements separately arranged in parallel with each other, in which the reinforcing elements corresponding to at least 30% of all reinforcing elements included in the rubber-coated layer are divided into plural groups, and a distance between mutually adjoining and opposite reinforcing elements not grouped with each other is wider than a distance between mutually adjoining reinforcing elements separately arranged at equal spaces. Thus, the occurrence of cracking at cut ends of the reinforcing elements is prevented to improve the tire durability.

Abstract: A tire component used in a pneumatic radial tire is a rubber-coated layer comprised of a given number of reinforcing elements separately arranged in parallel with each other, in which the reinforcing elements corresponding to at least 30% of all reinforcing elements included in the rubber-coated layer are divided into plural groups, and a distance between mutually adjoining and opposite reinforcing elements not grouped with each other is wider than a distance between mutually adjoining reinforcing elements separately arranged at equal spaces in the group. Thus, the occurrence of cracking at cut ends of the reinforcing elements is prevented to improve the tire durability.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has organic fiber carcass cords. The organic fiber carcass cords comprise double-twisted fiber yarns and satisfy the following equations. ##EQU1## where D.sub.1 is the original denier, D.sub.2 is the total of the original denier, N.sub.1 is a ply-twisting coefficient, N.sub.2 is a cable-twisting coefficient, n.sub.1, is the ply-twisting number (turns/10 cm), n.sub.2 is the cable-twisting number (turns/10 cm) and .rho. is the specific gravity of the organic fiber.

Abstract: A radial medium truck (RMT) tire has belt or breaker plies which are reinforced by organic reinforcement cords or filaments. In one embodiment, organic monofilaments are used in the belt or breaker plies which have the following characteristics: at least 2,000 denier (2,200 dTex), a tenacity of at least 3.5 g/denier (31 cN/TeX), an initial modulus of at least 30 g/denier (265 cN/Tex) and a shrinkage of at most 6%.

Abstract: A wire, generally made of steel and used to make composite elements of elastomeric material, is submitted to an electrodeposition process in an electrolytic bath for being coated with a zinc/cobalt alloy in which the average cobalt content is lower than 1%. In the coating thickness made of the zinc/cobalt alloy, different cobalt concentrations exist, that is a 1% to 3% concentration at the area close to the metal and a concentration as low as 0.5% maximum at the overlying area. Adhesion promoters for example consisting of cobalt neodecanate, added to the elastomeric material, promote the adhesion of said elastomeric material to the wire.