Abstract: The core of a honeycomb panel consists of a set of corrugated strips each of which alternate abut the immediately adjacent strips. Interlocking protrusions are formed in the abutting portions of the strips. The protrusions provide automatic registration of the strips without jigging or fixturing. Preferably the protrusions are somewhat undercut to provide a detent or snapping action upon assembly to provide mechanical integrity prior to bonding. The snapping action also holds the abutting surface together for uniform bonding. Lateral registration of the strips can be provided by, for example, forming a lance and window or mating dimples in the abutting surfaces. Bonding of the abutting surfaces can be done by soldering, brazing, or gluing. This honeycomb core structure is suitable for the continuous fabrication of panels of arbitrary length, width, and thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for efficiently and economically producing printed matter having a high degree of gloss, rub-resistance, water-resistance and resistance to contamination. In this method and apparatus, a web-fed printed matter or a web-fed printing paper is coated with a coating agent for roll press working and subjected to hot roll press working while in the state of a web.

Abstract: A method of making a reinforced corrugated board and product therefrom whereby both a single-faced corrugated board and a reinforcing strip are passed through the same adhesive station, before being secured together with a facing liner. The reinforcing strip is passed below the path of the single-faced corrugated board so as to coat both the top and bottom surfaces of the reinforcing strip and the upper, faced surface of the corrugated board. The members are then passed together with a lower facing liner through a pair of pressure rollers serving to secure the layers. The reinforcing strip may also be narrower than the width of the corrugated board and facing liner, and furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing strips may be used.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a single face corrugated board having two fluted mediums bonded together at the flute tips has (a) mill roll stands for two mediums and one liner; (b) a carrier roll fluted to support a first fluted medium; (c) a single corrugating roll of diameter not larger than the carrier roll engaging with the carrier roll to corrugate the first fluted medium; (d) a pair of corrugating rolls of diameter no larger than the carrier roll adapted to produce a second fluted medium, the pair being located and driven relative to the carrier roll to enable the first and second fluted mediums to be brought into flute tip to flute tip contact and to be conveyed by the carrier roll, the axes of the corrugating rolls not lying in a plane common with the single corrugating roll or the carrier roll; (e) a first adhesive application station to apply adhesive to one of the fluted mediums prior to the flute tips of the first and second fluted mediums coming into contact; (f) a second adhesive application station t

Abstract: An improved single-faced corrugated cardboard sheet making machine is provided, in which at the time of sticking a core paper web and a liner to each other in a single-facer equipped corrugating machine, impacts and vibrations are not generated, and hence troubles such as breaking of paper webs do not occur. The improvement resides in that the known single-faced corrugated cardboard sheet making machine having a pair of corrugating rolls for corrugating a core paper web into a wave shape and a pasting member for applying paste to corrugation crest portions of the corrugated core paper web, is further provided with an endless belt for pressing and sticking a liner to the core paper web applied with paste. The pressing condition of the endless belt can be adjusted, and a device for cleaning the surface of the endless belt is also provided.

Abstract: A corrugated paperboard strength enhancing process includes at least one resin application station located within the confines of the corrugator at a position where it is operable to apply a preselected amount of a strength enhancing resin to at least one side of the medium after it has been fluted. At least one liner is adhered to the set of opposed flute tips. Thereafter the combined board with the resin compound on selected transverse portions of the fluted medium is allowed to cure, under selected temperature and moisture conditions and without the application of pressure that would crush the fluted medium. A suitable resin for the intended purpose is an isocyanate compound.

Abstract: Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic honeycomb is prepared in a continuous manner one half cell at a time by laying down a corrugated web of thermoplastic, with and without fiber-reinforcement atop a honeycomb, selectively fusing the node-antinode demes and repeating the process until a honeycomb of the desired depth is prepared.

Abstract: A machine for making corrugated board, comprising means to feed two separate webs between two respective pairs of corrugating rolls to form two corrugated layers, a first adhesive application for applying adhesive to the peaks of at least one of the two corrugated layers, means to bring the two corrugated layers together at the peaks of the corrugations, means to convey the joined corrugated layers past a second adhesive applicator for applying adhesive to the exposed peaks of one of the corrugated layers, and means to apply a liner web to the corrugated layer.

Abstract: A corrugated paperboard strength enhancing process includes at least one resin application station located within the confines of the corrugator at a position where it is operable to apply a preselected amount of strength enhancing resin to at least one side of the medium after it has been fluted and most preferably before adhesive has been applied to the medium for securing liner paper thereto. At least one liner is adhered to the set of opposed flute tips. Thereafter the combined board with the resin compound on selected transverse portions of the fluted medium is allowed to cure, under selected temperature and moisture conditions and without the application of pressure that would crush the fluted medium. A suitable resin for the intended purpose is an isocyanate compound. The strength-enhanced corrugated paperboard can be efficiently repulped.

Abstract: A method of providing a sheet of loop material adapted to be cut into pieces to form loop portions for fasteners of the type comprising releasably engageable hook and loop portions, or to be incorporated into items such as disposable garments or diapers or into sheets of abrasives. The sheet of loop material includes a sheet of longitudinally oriented fibers having anchor portions and arcuate portions projecting in one direction away from the anchor portions, and a layer of thermoplastic backing material extruded onto the anchor portions to bond to the anchor portions and form at least a portion of a backing for the loop material. The thermoplastic backing material can also bond the sheet of fibers to a sheet of backing material.

Abstract: Shaped honeycomb parts are prepared in a continuous process wherein webs of fiber-reinforced or non-reinforced thermoplastic are slit in a predetermined manner such that the finished honeycomb may be separated by hand into parts having a predetermined geometry.

Abstract: A contact bar for slidably contacting the liner of a single-faced corrugated paperboard sheet to press the flute tips of the sheet against a rotating glue roll without crushing the flute tips. The contact bar includes an elongate frame mounted opposite and in spaced-apart relation from the rotating glue roll. A series of shoes are pivotally connected to the frame and depend therefrom defining a predetermined clearance from the outer surface of the rotating glue roll. The shoes are biased by springs to cause the shoes to slidably contact the liner and press the flute tips against the rotating glue roll. The shoes may be formed of cold-rolled steel providing a reasonably long expected service life and also having an abrasion resistance so that conformance of the shoe contact surfaces with the rotating glue roll and a single-faced sheet occurs in a relatively short time caused by abrasion with the slidably contacting single-faced sheet.

Abstract: Honeycomb materials having areas or volumes possessing different physical properties then the remainder of the honeycomb are prepared in a continuous process without requiring machining operations.

Abstract: Three metal foils are simultaneously fed in opposing relationship through a machine which automatically fabricates a sheet metal sandwich structure therefrom. The foils are first tensioned in aligned opposing relationship. The center sheet is then fed through a pair of free floating gear shaped corrugator tools which form corrugations or undulations therein. Adhesive is then applied to the inner surfaces of the two outer foils and the three foils passed through a pair of drums which press the foils together between opposing metal bands and provide uniform heat thereto through the bands to effect curing of the adhesive. The foils are further pressed together between the bands by means of air diaphragms or bladders which provide hydraulically controlled clamping force thereto. Finally, the sandwich structure thus formed is trimmed and cut to form boards of the desired width and length.

Abstract: A pleating machine for dual fluted shades consisting of a pair of cooperating sets of pleating conveyors closely adjacent and flanking a sealing device that joins the two resulting pleated webs together by transversely fed attaching sheets.

Abstract: Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic honeycomb is prepared in a continuous manner one half cell at a time by laying down a corrugated web of thermoplastic, with and without fiber-reinforcement atop a honeycomb, selectively fusing the node-antinode demes and repeating the process until a honeycomb of the desired depth is prepared.

Abstract: A nested fiberglass structure (10) comprises a plurality of strips (66) each in the shape of a sinusoidal wave (20). The waves (20) have peaks (22) and valleys (24) which have equal amplitudes about a central axis (26). A positioning string (32) is placed over the peaks (22) and into the valleys (24) to provide a guide for the depth of penetration of adjacent strips during nesting of the strips (66). The structure (10) may be formed on an apparatus for manufacturing (46) which forms a continuous web (48) into the strips (66) and nests the strips (66) into the structure (10). The structure (10) may then be wound onto a reel (154) for fabrication into a cylindrical structure (34). The apparatus (136) spirally winds the nested structure (10) around a mandrel (182) to form the cylindrical structure (34).

Abstract: Ultra strong lightweight core material capable of sustained operation at unusually high temperatures for composite structure of the type used in aircraft parts such as wings, fairings and stabilizers is produced from preimpregnated thermoplastic fibercloth ribbon by the manufacturing processes of this invention. The fibercloth ribbon is preformed between corrugated rollers of a special roll forming press which heats the ribbon to a softening temperature, forms it into a pattern of half-hex corrugations, cools it and sets it in that pattern. Then sheets cut from the corrugated ribbon are stacked into a bonding press along with hex forming mandrels placed between the sheets in the corrugations.

Abstract: A contact bar for slidably contacting the liner of a single-faced corrugated paperboard sheet to press the flute tips of the sheet against a rotating glue roll without crushing the flute tips. The contact bar includes an elongate frame mounted opposite and in spaced-apart relation from the rotating glue roll. A series of shoes are pivotally connected to the frame and depend therefrom defining a predetermined clearance from the outer surface of the rotating glue roll. The shoes are biased by springs to cause the shoes to slidably contact the liner and press the flute tips against the rotating glue roll. The shoes may be formed of cold-rolled steel providing a reasonably long expected service life and also having an abrasion resistance so that conformance of the shoe contact surfaces with the rotating glue roll and a single-faced sheet occurs in a relatively short time caused by abrasion with the slidably contacting single-faced sheet.

Abstract: Pipe made from thermoplastic polymeric material and including a transversely corrugated outer wall and a smooth inner wall of constant diameter fusion welded to the inner crests of the corrugations of the outer wall is produced by an improved method involving simultaneous extrusion of two tubes, blow molding of the outer wall and fusion of the two walls while the inner wall is supported by an internal shaping and cooling mandrel. Even when the polymeric material is polyvinyl chloride, good fusion welds and lack of brittleness are achieved by the manner in which extrusion is carried out, control of the location at which the fusion welds are established, and the extrusion formulation. The finished pipe is characterized by the fact that, when the fusion welded areas have been cut for inspection, no line of demarcation between the materials of the two walls can be observed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for starch adhesive bonding of paper, paperboard, and natural cellulosic-fiber materials, especially liner and fluted corrugating medium, into manufactured items, particularly corrugated board. The method includes applying an adhesive coating, comprising starch and water, to a first substrate (e.g. tips of flutes of a corrugated medium), contacting the applied coating with another substrate (e.g. liner) and while so positioned contacting an exterior surface of at least one of the substrates with an ultrasonic energy generating means so as to transmit the ultrasonic energy to the adhesive coating to increase coating adhesion to the substrates.

Abstract: A substrate for a catalytic converter is formed of steel sheets embossed with corrugations in a chevron pattern such that the metal buckles at vertices of adjoining corrugations to form projections extending out of the plane of the sheet. The sheets are stacked with the projections registered to form weld points and capacitive discharge welding secures the sheets together. The substrate is formed in two halves which are clamped together and then secured by end rings.

Abstract: This invention presents starch-based alkaline corrugating adhesives having improved green bond strength due to the use of undried starch as the raw starch component in the adhesive. Such adhesives can be used in corrugation processes at much higher corrugator running speeds than the conventionally employed adhesives.

Abstract: A continuous process for making a core for a composite panel comprising cutting spaced apart tongues in columns from a metallic sheet, the tongues being foldable about base lines in the columns each base line being separated from the next tongue in the column by a web; folding the sheet to form a castellated structure having continuous side walls constituted by the spaces between adjacent columns of tongues with the webs of adjoining rows respectively lying in spaced apart parallel planes and oppositely folding the tongues of adjoining columns to lie alongside adjacent side walls with their extremities remote from their base lines extending in an appropriate one of the planes. The invention also includes a composite panel comprising the core covered on each side with sheet material as well as a process for making such a panel.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for manufacturing a mineral fiber insulating web by providing an uncured primary nonwoven mineral fiber web treated with binding agent, conveying the primary nonwoven mineral fiber web along a predetermined path of travel, compacting the primary nonwoven mineral fiber web, severing the primary nonwoven mineral fiber web into at least two secondary nonwoven mineral fiber webs, compressing at least one of the secondary nonwoven mineral fiber webs substantially beyond the initial compaction of the primary nonwoven mineral fiber web, positioning the compressed and remaining of the two secondary nonwoven mineral fiber webs into contiguous relationship to each other, and curing the binding agent to adhere the secondary nonwoven mineral fiber webs to each other thereby forming a cured multi-ply mineral fiber web or strip.

Abstract: Described are smooth, glossy finished fiber reinforced thermoplastic prepreg materials composed of reinforcement fibers impregnated with and surrounded by thermoplastic. Prior to consolidation, the material preferably consists of thermoplastic fibers and reinforcing fibers, intimately blended together. When heated, with the aid of pressure, the thermoplastic fibers melt, surround and impregnate the reinforcing fibers and provide a smooth, glossy finish to the reinforced article. Excellent surface appearance and the ability to accommodate high-speed processing characterize the prepreg materials of this invention.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing moisture-resistant corrugated paper board, particularly paper board intended for the manufacture of boxes, comprising an outer planar liner, an inner planar liner and a corrugated so-called floating disposed between the liners, wherein the liners and the floating consist of a paper which incorporates a rosin size. The invention is characterized in that the paper (5) on which the floating (7) is to be formed, is impregnated throughout its thickness with a first substance which includes a plastics suspension, preferably a styrene-butadiene suspension, and starch, and in that the paper (1, 3) for the liners, at least with respect to the surface (2, 4) of at least one of the liners (10) which is intended to face away from the floating (7) is coated with a second suspension which includes a plastics suspension preferably a styrene-butadiene suspension, and starch, and in that respective liners (10) are adhesively bonded to the floating (7).

Abstract: Fiber reinforced thermoplastic molded products, sheets, and the like, having a glossy surface are produced by intimately blending discrete reinforcing fibers (e.g. fiberglass) and thermoplastic fibers (e.g. polypropylene or polycarbonate) into a web. The web is heated to the melting point of the thermoplastic fibers while applying pressure, to eliminate air and press the web into a consolidated structure. Breakage of the reinforcing fibers is minimized by limiting the thickness of the web and limiting the pressure so as to produce a consolidated structure with minimal fiber breakage and a Notched Izod of at least one. Layering consolidated structures, some without reinforcing fibers, may be heated and pressed together to form a final structure having a thickness greater than the individual structures. The great majority of the fibers are provided so that the fibers of each type are within the range of about 0.5-5 inches.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a corrugated product in which the corrugated mediums are bonded at their flute tips with no intervening liner. A corrugated belt or belts is provided to withdraw the bonded and aligned mediums in a substantially straight line from the pair of corrugating rolls which are synchronised to achieve the alignment and bonding of the flute tips of the two mediums. The corrugated belt provides support and constraint for the bonded mediums until the bond is set or until a liner sheet is bonded to one of the mediums.

Abstract: A dehumidifier element is produced by alternately laminating corrugated paper and flat liner paper, both papers being of low density and composed of inorganic fiber such as ceramic fiber, to form a honeycomb matrix having many small channels penetrating through opposite surfaces. The formed matrix is fired with hot air to remove organic substances contained in the sheets, or the sheets may be fired before the lamination. The matrix is impregnated with water glass after the laminating process, or the sheets are impregnated before the laminating process. In either case, the formed matrix is soaked in an aqueous solution of aluminum sulphate or magnesium sulphate to form a silicate hydrogel on the papers and in the apertures between fibers of the papers. The shaped matrix and the metal silicate hydrogel are washed and dried to obtain a dehumidifying element having physical strength. The metal sulphate solution is cooled to precipitate and remove sodium sulphate from the solution.

Abstract: A structural corrugated paper board for use in forming boxes which incorporates two fluted layers bonded peak to peak enclosed in two outer liners. By increasing board thickness and concentrating strength in the outer liners and eliminating the inner liner between the fluted layers improved edge compression and overall strength per unit weight is improved.

Abstract: A corrugated paperboard, manufactured with a layer of plastic film approximately 1-3 mil thickness, is laminated to the single face liner of single face board in the double-backer. The board has good moisture vapor transmission (MVT) properties for packaging food and chemical products. The film is supplied in roll form and reeved over a dewrinkling roll device to smooth it, then fed onto the single face liner as the single face corrugated is fed into the nip of the double-backer. The lamination of the film is made by the residual heat from the paper and pressure of the double-backer belt in the drying section of the corrugator without adding adhesives or other compounds. The film is a thermoplastic co-extruded polymeric film, e.g. high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene, PET, having a heat seal layer thereon of a copolymer of olefin with Alpha-Beta monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, e.g., ethylene acrylic acid (EAA).

Abstract: A dual fluted shade consisting of two parallel one-piece webs of material with deep adjacent arcuate flutes directly connected with parallel connecting strips.

Abstract: In the making of coated paper products an improved process is disclosed for separating wet, semi-dry or dried coated paper from an application unit or a drying roll. The process comprises the steps of providing a paper web with a release composition in the form of an aqueous layer or film including the reaction product of alkanolamine and a fatty acid in equimolar proportions, providing an agent to maintain the pH factor to predetermined level and adding preselected amounts of a viscosity-regulating substance and water. The release composition may be applied directly to a drying roll or drum or to fluting rolls use for corrugated paperboard.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable aldehyde resin and starch composition useful as a saturant and laminating adhesive for paperboard products, including dual arch corrugated cardboard. The aldehyde resin to starch ratio is from approximately 7:5 to 5:1 by weight. By the present invention is produced corrugated paperboard which has substantially improved crush strength over that obtained with polyvinyl acetate adhesives, and higher moisture resistance than either polyvinyl acetate or starch adhesives.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming corrugated plywood composites is disclosed. The apparatus includes a fixed mold component having a corrugated surface and a series of movable mold components having complemental corrugated surfaces movable toward and away from the fixed surface. Movable mold components are hingedly in connected and each such component is associated with a linear motor. By sequentially activating the linear motors each movable mold section is pivotally advanced in a first direction toward the fixed mold component the opposite side of the movable mold component being pivoted toward the fixed mold component when the next adjacent section is advanced into clamping position. High tensile strength low coefficient of friction fabric webs are interposed between the surfaces of the mold and the composite material to be corrugated.

Abstract: Resin shock, the unwanted viscosity increase caused by the addition of certain reactive resins to boron containing alkaline starch-based corrugated board adhesives, can be reduced by the presence of compounds containing hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: Apparatus for applying adhesive onto flutes of single facers of corrugated media, so that the single facers may be adhered together and to a facing to form a composite web, comprises a plurality of adhesive applicator rolls, each for applying adhesive to the flutes of an associated one of the single facers. The actual speed of travel of the single facers passing across the applicator roll peripheries is sensed, and the rate of rotation of each roll is independently and accurately controlled, in accordance with the sensed speed, to apply a desired amount of adhesive onto selected areas of the flutes. The independent accurate control over applicator roll speeds enables minimum amounts of adhesive to be applied onto the flutes of the individual single spacers, as determined by their configurations and consistencies, while still ensuring proper adhesive of the single facers one to the other ad to the facing.

Abstract: A single facer comprising a pair of upper and lower corrugating rolls having a corrugation thereon for corrugating a core sheet fed therebetween. The sheet is then pasted at the tops of their corrugations. A liner is fed in different direction and caused to pass together with the pasted sheet between the lower corrugating roll and a pressure roll to be sticked to each other to thereby form a single-sided corrugated sheet. The upper and lower corrugating rolls are supported by separate rotatable frames, and engageable with each other to form a corrugation forming unit. A plurality of corrugation rolls having a different corrugation shape thereon are provided on each of the rotatable frames.

Abstract: The invention is primarily concerned with a sandwich material (55) made of sheets based on paper. This material is substantially comprised of a sheet (42) of corrugated paper (44) forming one or several layers. An intermediate paper sheet (31) is bonded to the corrugations of the sheet 42. A film (29) of a thermoplastic compound adheres physically as the result of an extrusion to the outer side of the intermediate paper sheet (31).The process for manufacturing this material consists firstly in extruding a film (29) of thermoplastic compound on the intermediate paper sheet (31), and then in bonding the web (27) of protective layer thus obtained on the corrugations of the sheet of corrugated paper (42).The invention is remarkable in that these operations are carried out on a standard machine for manufacturing corrugated paperboard.

Abstract: In the fabrication of double-faced corrugated paperboard, the exposed flute tips of single-faced corrugated board are prepared with a coating of liquid adhesive to receive a second liner web. To press the flute tips uniformly against the adhesive film coated surface of a glue applicator roll, pressure is applied by a segmented air bearing wherein multiple air bearing shoe segments are resiliently secured to a common manifold air source.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for starch adhesive bonding of paper, paperboard, and natural cellulosic-fiber materials, especially liner and fluted corrugating medium, into manufactured items, particularly corrugated board. The method includes applying an adhesive coating, comprising starch and water, to a first substrate (e.g. tips of flutes of a corrugated medium), contacting the applied coating with another substrate (e.g. liner) and while so positioned contacting an exterior surface of at least one of the substrates with an ultrasonic energy generating means so as to transmit ultrasonic energy to the adhesive coating to increase coating adhesion to the substrates.

Abstract: An article of insulation and a method for making same. Outer sheet-like elements (22,24) of elastic deformable material are secured by adhesive to a base element (20) of rigid deformable material in a particular pattern which defines unbonded areas which are each bounded entirely by adhesive. The combination of the two outer elements (22,24) and the base element (20) is then deformed, following which the base element (20) retains its deformed shape while the outer elements (22,24) spring back to their original shape, leaving voids between the base element (20) and the outer elements (22,24) in which there is a partial vacuum.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for producing a plastics laminate material comprising a lamina of low density foamed polymeric material such as a non-cross linked polyethylene foam and a lamina of high density non-foamed polymeric material such as high density polyethylene, wherein the low density lamina is of at least 50 times greater thickness than the high density lamina, characterised in that the individual laminae are physically bonded between nip rollers at critical conditions of elevated pressure (e.g. 40 to 50 p.s.i.) and temperature (e.g. 125.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.) to bring about a very strong bond such that the bonded laminae do not readily peel apart. Temperature is particularly critical and should be brought close to and not substantially above the tackifying temperature of the low density foamed material. Air is preferably entrapped between the laminae during the process.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for the production of double-walled helically wound thermoplastic pipe. The apparatus includes an endless former (10) of the axially advancing and rotating type for forming a band of thermoplastic material (24) into a corrugated outer wall (26). An internal extruding device (28) extends along the core of the former and extrudes a second band (34) of thermoplastic material onto the interior of the outer wall. A cold shoe (36) presses the inner wall against the outer wall to form a smooth inner wall (42) of the double-walled pipe. It is also possible to provide for the insertion of a reinforcing profile in the corrugations of the outer wall.

Abstract: A packing device includes a series of identical vertically corrugated streaming sheets. Each streaming sheet includes, in succession, in a direction parallel to the crests of the corrugations, at least two regions, namely a region of corrugations having a first amplitude and a region of corrugations having a smaller amplitude, which are interconnected by a transition region. Each streaming sheet has an even number of regions of corrugations in phase opposition with respect to the adjacent region of corrugations and each streaming sheet has, in each transition region and in two longitudinal lateral regions, a series of bosses, having flat heads which project alternately from one side and the other of the streaming sheet in phase with the region of corrugations having the first amplitude which is adjacent and/or in phase opposition with respect to the adjacent region of corrugations of smaller amplitude.

Abstract: A one-sided corrugated cardboard machine comprising a machine stand, an upper and a lower fluted roller as well as a pressure roller cooperating with the lower fluted roller and pivotally supported on lever arms at the machine stand, adjustable abutment surfaces at the machine stand associated with the lever arms, and an adjusting mechanism supported at the machine stand and cooperating with the lever arms which to adjust the pressure roller nip urge the lever arms against the abutments, with the abutment surface arranged to face the pressure roller nip and limiting the movement of the lever arms away from the pressure roller nip.

Abstract: A single facer including a main frame installed on a base for supporting a paste application roll, a pressure roll and so on, a movable frame fixed on or removably supported on the main frame for rotatably supporting upper and lower corrugated rolls in meshing engagement with each other, and a transfer mechanism for moving the movable frame in a transverse direction substantially in the axial direction of the respective upper and lower rolls to transfer them out of or into the main frame.

Abstract: A single facer comprising plural means for corrugating and pasting sheet medium and a pressure roll, characterized in that each pair of upper and lower corrugating rolls are capable of being moved so that the lower corrugating roll may be brought into contact with the pressure roll.

Abstract: A panel of fabric is guided from a spool to a gathering device. The gathering device includes a spindle located above and across the width of the panel of fabric and having a plurality of spaced apart wheels attached thereto. Extending radially from the wheels are a plurality of flexible mechanical fingers, or alternately, flexible bristles. As the wheels rotate the flexible projections gather the fabric into folds. A panel of backing material is guided to underlay the gathered fabric. The gathered fabric is then adhered to the backing material. A means for conveying the fabric and backing material is also provided.