Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a water-treatment membrane, the method including bringing an aqueous solution including free chlorine and a halogen ion into contact with a polyamide active layer, wherein the free chlorine is present in an amount from 150 ppm to 400 ppm and the halogen ion is present in an amount from 150 ppm to 400 ppm based on the aqueous solution, and a water-treatment membrane manufactured using the same.

Abstract: A method including the steps of moving fluid through an inlet into a vessel, the vessel being at atmospheric pressure and having at least one side wall and a bottom wall forming an internal chamber within the vessel. The method further includes moving the fluid into and through a filtration unit utilizing a downstream pump, the filtration unit creating a flux of less than or equal to about 0.05 gallons per minute per square foot (GPM/ft2), and moving the fluid processed by the filtration unit to an outlet and out of the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention is a specimen preparation method of preparing an observation specimen by placing an observation object on a light transmitting plate, comprising a conveyance step of conveying the observation object by a conveyance mechanism including a placement portion configured to place the observation object, and a transfer step of transferring the observation object from the placement portion of the conveyance mechanism onto the plate at a conveyance terminal end of the conveyance mechanism, wherein in the transfer step, a liquid is supplied to the placement portion on which the observation object is placed, and the observation object is carried by a flow of the liquid and transferred onto the plate.

Abstract: Improved methods for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one surfactant, involving prefiltration of the surfactant prior to formulation into final products.

Abstract: A porous polymer monolith comprises a polymer body having macroporous through-pores that facilitate fluid flow through the body and an array of mesopores adapted to bind from the fluid flow molecules of a predetermined range of sizes, wherein the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores. Also disclosed is a method of making a porous polymer monolith. The method includes forming a polymer body by phase separation out of a solution containing at least a monomer, a crosslinker and a primary porogen, whereby the body contains multiple macroporous through-pores, wherein the solution further contains a secondary porogen comprising oligomers inert with respect to the monomer and cross-linker but chemically compatible with the monomer so as to form mesostructures within the polymer body during said phase separation, and washing the mesostructures from the body to provide an array of mesopores such that the surface area of the monolith is predominantly provided by the mesopores.

Abstract: Provided is polypeptide which derives from wild type TNF a and inhibits necrocytosis. The polypeptide contains 10-200 amino acid residues and a sequence QLVVPSE. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition containing polypeptide. The polypeptide and the pharmaceutical composition containing the polypeptide are capable of inhibiting necrocytosis, thereby being used for treating inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a nanofiltration composite membrane, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises: A) preparing 2D nano-material dispersion; B) first preparing a solution of a polymer material with a certain concentration, continuously adding a poor solvent under stirring conditions to subject the polymer material to chemical reaction to obtain a dispersion containing negatively charged polymer gel particles; C) subjecting the nano-material dispersion in step A) and the dispersion prepared in step B) to blending, membrane preparation and drying, and then placing the membrane into an alkaline solution with a certain concentration and pure water for soaking to obtain a nanofiltration composite membrane. The nanofiltration composite membrane can efficiently remove heavy metal complex ions through the synergistic effect of pore size screening and charge repulsion.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus or system for dialysis. The method and apparatus or system are useful for removing an undesirable protein-binding substance such as a toxin from a biological fluid such as blood or blood plasma. As such, the method and apparatus or system are useful for treating a subject in need of dialysis such as a subject suffering from hepatic disease. The methods feature a) dialyzing a biological fluid against a dialysis fluid containing an adsorber for a protein-binding substance to be removed through a semipermeable membrane, b) adjusting the dialysis fluid so that the binding affinity of the adsorber for the protein-bound substance to be removed is lowered and the substance to be removed passes into solution, and c) balancing the volume or flow of one or more fluids in the apparatus or system suitable for dialyzing a biological fluid containing a protein-binding substance to be removed.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane module includes one pressure vessel, and at least one hollow fiber membrane element loaded in the pressure vessel. Each of the element includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes each having openings at both ends, a bypass tube, and a supply port and a discharge port provided on one end side in a longitudinal direction. The supply port is in communication with inflow-side openings of hollow fiber membranes. The bypass tube is provided in the longitudinal direction of the element, has an inflow port at an end portion on a side of outflow-side openings of the hollow fiber membranes, and has an outflow port at an end portion on a side of the inflow-side openings of the hollow fiber membranes. The outflow-side openings of hollow fiber membranes are in communication with the inflow port, and the outflow port is in communication with the discharge port.

Abstract: The present invention is a filtration system and a method for cleaning a filtration system. The filtration system comprising a hydraulic circuit Cp recycling the permeate stream to the feed side of the membrane and/or a hydraulic circuit Cr recycling the retentate stream to the feed side of said membrane. The method injects an amount of a chemical product into the filtration system in the hydraulic circuit Cp or in the hydraulic circuit Cr or upstream of the cross-flow filtration membrane, setting the proportion of recycled permeate stream or recycled retentate stream collected in the hydraulic circuit Cp and/or Cr to enable the recycling of a significant amount of unreacted chemical product having passed through the cross-flow filtration membrane to the feed side of said cross-flow filtration membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite membrane for gas separation and/or nanofiltration of a feed stream solution comprising a solvent and dissolved solutes and showing preferential rejection of the solutes. The composite membrane comprises a separating layer with intrinsic microporosity. The separating layer is suitably formed by interfacial polymerisation on a support membrane. Suitably, at least one of the monomers used in the interfacial polymerisation reaction should possess concavity, resulting in a network polymer with interconnected nanopores and a membrane with enhanced permeability. The support membrane may be optionally impregnated with a conditioning agent and may be optionally stable in organic solvents, particularly in polar aprotic solvents. The top layer of the composite membrane is optionally capped with functional groups to change the surface chemistry. The composite membrane may be cured in the oven to enhance rejection.

Abstract: A medical treatment system, such as peritoneal dialysis system, may include control and other features to enhance patient comfort and ease of use. For example, a peritoneal dialysis system may include patient line state detector for detecting whether a patient line is primed before it is to be connected to the patient. The patient line state detector can also the ability to detect whether a patient line has been properly mounted for priming. Both patient line presence/absence and fill state can be determined using an optical system, e.g., one that employs a single optical sensor.

Abstract: A disposable cell enrichment kit includes a crossflow filtration device configured to be disposed along a main loop pathway and to receive a process volume containing a biological sample and utilize crossflow filtration, via a micro-porous membrane, to retain a specific cell population in a retentate from the process volume and to remove a permeate including certain biological components from the process volume. The crossflow filtration device includes a laminated filtration unit that includes the micro-porous membrane, a first mating portion, a second mating portion, and a membrane support. The membrane support includes a first plurality of structural features that define a first plurality of openings, wherein the first plurality of structural features are coupled to the micro-porous membrane and provide support to the micro-porous membrane, and the first plurality of openings allow the permeate to flow through them after crossing the micro-porous membrane.

Abstract: A suspension particle sensing apparatus includes a first flow channel, a suspension particle concentration sensor and a suspension particle filtering assembly. The first flow channel has a first entrance and a first exit. The suspension particle concentration sensor is disposed in the first flow channel, and is located between the first entrance and the first exit. The suspension particle filtering assembly is disposed at the first entrance, and includes a casing and a suspension particle filtering structure. The casing has a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is communicated with the first entrance of the first flow channel. The suspension particle filtering structure covers the second opening.

Abstract: To provide a palladium separating agent capable of separating palladium ions from a solution containing palladium ions of a low concentration to a high concentration in a short time with a high selectivity, and a method for separating palladium. A palladium separating agent having a functional group represented by the formula (1) bonded to a carrier: —Z—(CH2)n-S—R??(1) wherein R is a C1-18 chain hydrocarbon group, a C3-10 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a C6-14 aromatic hydrocarbon group, a carboxymethyl group or a carboxyethyl group, n is an integer of from 1 to 4, and Z is an amide bond.

Abstract: A blood separation device adapted to receive a blood sample having a whole blood portion and a plasma portion is disclosed. The blood separation device includes a housing defining a first chamber, a second chamber, and a separation member disposed therebetween. The blood separation device also includes an actuator, wherein actuation of the actuator draws the blood sample into the first chamber and the separation member is adapted to allow the plasma portion to pass through the separation member to the second chamber. The blood separation device matches the plasma chamber volume, the blood chamber volume, and the applied single pressure source so that the correct trans-membrane pressure and shear rate is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method for the determination of free copper in serum. In particular to a method with a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy for the determination of free copper in serum samples of patients with Alzheimer's disease and Wilson's disease and other forms of free copper dyshomeostasis. The invention also relates to kits for the determination of free copper in serum comprising filter devices and coumarin fluorescent probe.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a method for preparing an extracorporeal blood circuit for its use in a blood treatment of a patient, which treatment is carried out using a blood treatment apparatus and using a blood treatment device, which comprises a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber partitioned off therefrom by a membrane, The method comprising: filling the extracorporeal blood circuit using a priming solution, wherein the priming solution comprises citrate, or filling of the extracorporeal blood circuit using a priming solution and using a citrate solution. The invention further comprises devices suitable for carrying out the method.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides instruments, modules and methods for improved detection of edited cells following nucleic acid-guided nuclease genome editing. The disclosure provides improved automated instruments that perform methods—including high throughput methods—for screening cells that have been subjected to editing and identifying cells that have been properly edited.

Abstract: A filter coupling device couples to a filter. The filter coupling device includes a plurality of joint members for connection to a plurality of connection openings of the filter. The filter coupling device also includes an arrangement switcher for switching an arrangement of the joint members between a first arrangement and a second arrangement.

Abstract: A portable medical apparatus for cardiopulmonary aid to patients includes a transportable machine body that integrates an heater/cooler unit and an extracorporeal circuit for circulating the blood of a patient. The extracorporeal circuit includes a line for drawing venous blood from the patient, a line for returning arterial blood to the patient, a pumping unit for pumping blood along the extracorporeal circuit, a heat exchanger for thermoregulating blood in the extracorporeal circuit, and an oxygenator unit for blood oxygenation.

Abstract: A ventilation system for a wide bodied aircraft with pressurization cabin which includes: a compressor apparatus with a heat exchanger for drawing air in from an input reservoir and for generating an excess pressure in at least one output reservoir, several air outlets in the pressurization cabin which are connected to the output reservoir of the compressor apparatus, and at least one suction air intake pipe in the pressurization cabin wherein the volume flow through at least one of the air outlets is adjusted each time by a volume flow control member, as well as to a method for manufacturing a ventilation system of this type.

Abstract: The present invention provides compact spiral-wound filter elements having cassette-like performance. The invention further provides filtration systems (e.g., TFF systems) and processes (e.g., SPTFF processes) employing compact spiral-wound filter elements having cassette-like performance.

Abstract: Provided are flexible containers for holding a concentrate, the containers comprising: a flexible body holding the concentrate, a spout, a filter element disposed in the spout, the filter element comprising a filter and an attachment element configured to attach to a water source. Also provided are methods of reconstituting concentrated products using the flexible containers.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis composite membrane includes: a porous support; and a reverse osmosis membrane arranged on the porous support and containing a crosslinked polyamide and carbon nanotubes. The reverse osmosis membrane contains the carbon nanotubes that are disentangled in the crosslinked polyamide. A distribution of closest distances between the carbon nanotubes in the reverse osmosis membrane has a peak that is within a range of a thickness of the reverse osmosis membrane, and a half width of the peak is equal to or less than the thickness of the reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for separating blood and at the same time an apparatus (1) for absorbing blood (19) and separating components such as blood plasma, as a sample liquid (2), having a feed device (13) for receiving the blood (2), a separating device (15) for separating blood components as the sample liquid (2), a channel (3) which takes up the sample liquid (2) preferably exclusively by capillary forces and a fill device for filling the channel (3) with sample liquid (2) in an inlet or feed region (18) of the channel (3), wherein the separating device (15), particularly a membrane, is domed, more particularly convexly shaped and projects with the apex of the convex shape into the filling device in the direction of filling.

Abstract: Extracorporeal circuit devices that can be used for on-pump open-heart surgery to support surgical procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting are described. In some embodiments, an oxygenator can include an integral pump. Such an integrated arrangement can advantageously provide an extracorporeal circuit with a lower overall volume than other conventional extracorporeal circuits.

Abstract: A dialysis concentrate container for single-use, comprising a container portion (1, 2) which can be filled with dialysis concentrate and a connecting portion (13, 3) connected thereto for connecting the dialysis concentrate container to a dialysis machine, wherein the connecting portion (13, 3) has laterally spaced fluid connection elements (31) for connecting to a fluid outlet and a fluid inlet of the dialysis machine, wherein the container body (1, 2) is formed as a rigid box, wherein the connecting portion (13, 3) is further arranged at the lower end of the container body, wherein the connecting portion (13, 3) is formed by a plate body which can be clamped into a connecting block of the dialysis machine, and on the underside of which the fluid connecting elements (31) are formed, one of which being connected to a fluid inlet of the container body (1) and the other one being connected to a fluid outlet thereof.

Abstract: A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposite directions through a dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from the dialysate. The reused dialysis machine possesses a reservoir for dialysate, various sensors including a blood leak sensor assembly, and a processor connected to the various sensors for controlling and monitoring hemodialysis treatment. The blood leak sensor assembly includes a light source for emitting light through the dialysate flow path and a light sensor for receiving light having passed through the dialysate flow path. The processor is connected to the light source for determining whether blood has leaked from the blood flow path into the dialysate flow path. Preferably, the light source emits light having two peak wavelengths.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure hollow fiber membrane module, including: a housing in which a raw water inlet, a concentrate water outlet, and a treated water outlet are formed; an inner flow path that is formed in the central portion of the housing; a plurality of hollow fiber membranes that are arranged around the inner flow path; a treated water collection unit that communicates with the inner flow path and the hollow fiber membrane; a first opening/closing unit that opens and closes an open end of the inner flow path; and a second opening/closing unit that opens and closes an open end of the hollow fiber membrane.

Abstract: Methods and systems or devices for synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from carbon dioxide and hydrogen are provided. A high surface area hollow fiber catalytic membrane reactor such as with hollow fibers coated with a water permeable membrane material is used. The reactor also contains a bi-functional methanol synthesis component and dehydration catalyst component such that the two-step reaction takes place on the catalyst surface. Produced water permeates through the membrane, exiting the reactor immediately after it is formed. Unreacted reactants and products flow to the reactor exit.

Abstract: The filtration material includes a supporting layer, a first selective layer disposed on the supporting layer, and a second selective layer disposed on the first selective layer. The first selective layer includes a polyimide and an ionic polymer intertwined with the polyimide. In particular, the polyimide includes at least one repeat unit having a structure represented by Formula (I) wherein A1 is A2 is R1 and R2 are independently —H, —CF3, —OH, —Br, —Cl, —F, C1-6 alkyl group, or C1-6 alkoxy group; and X and Y are independently single bond, —O—, —CH2—, —C(CH3)2—, or —NH—.

Abstract: Provided are methods of separating one or more components from a fluid by using membranes and other materials comprising polymer graft nanoparticles arranged in a lattice structure. The disclosed compositions exhibit an increase in selectivity between two penetrants that is greater than the neat polymer selectivity for those penetrants. The compositions also exhibit an increase in selectivity between two penetrants with increasing permeability. Also provided are systems for effecting such separations, systems for agent detection, and additional methods for constructing separation components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for thermal crosslinking of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) by heat treatment of PIMs under controlled oxygen concentration.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is use of block polymers with a block of poly(3-methacryloylpropyltrimethylammonium chloride) to direct neutralization of heparin, especially unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins in the blood and other body fluids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a element (12) for filtering fluids comprising an element housing (14), wherein at least one membrane arrangement (22) and at least one permeate collecting tube (18, 19) are arranged within the element housing (14) and wherein the at least one permeate collecting tube (18, 19) is arranged in an outer part (44) of the filtration element (12). The invention further relates to a filtration module (10) and a filtration system (11) comprising such a filtration element (12) as well as uses of such a filtration element (12).

Abstract: A serial flow channel type filter cartridge includes a filter portion which includes a plurality of filter bodies and a plurality of filter housings corresponding to the plurality of filter bodies and independently accommodating the respective filter bodies and a cartridge header in which a top is formed in a structure in which a tap water pipe surrounds a perimeter of a purified water pipe, a plurality of filter accommodating pipes coupled with top ends of the plurality of filter housings which form the filter portion to seal an inside of the filter portion are formed at a bottom, and a serial structure type flow channel which allows tap water to sequentially flow into the plurality of filter accommodating pipes and then allows the water purified while sequentially passing through the plurality of filter bodies to be discharged through the purified water pipe is formed therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a module for capturing at least one gas dissolved in a liquid (L), arranged so as to be mounted on a body (12) of a device (10) for measuring the value of at least one parameter of said gas, said capturing module (20) comprising a gas circulation base arranged so as to be mounted on said body (12), the capturing module (20) being characterized in that it comprises a housing for receiving at least one membrane, defining an opening and projecting from said base, and at least one membrane mounted in said housing so as to extend inside said opening in order to capture the gas dissolved in the liquid (L).

Abstract: A control unit (30) is arranged to control a dialysis fluid distribution system (12) comprising first and second volumetric pumps (PI, P2) arranged upstream and downstream of a dialyzer (13). The control unit (30) is operable in a calibration mode, to establish a bypass flow path that bypasses the dialyzer (13) and extends from the first pump (P1) to the second pump (P2) in fluid communication with a calibration chamber (26) and to operate the pumps (P1, P2) at different combinations of speeds that cause first and second changes in fluid level in the chamber (26). The first and second changes correspond to first and second known volumes in the chamber (26). The control unit (30) measures, by a level detector (28) in the chamber (26), first and second time periods for the first and second changes, and computes the stroke volumes of the pumps (P1, P2) as a function of the speeds of the pumps (PI, P2), the first and second time periods, and the first and second known volumes.

Abstract: A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a control system communicably coupled to the fuel separator and operable to receive an input from an engine, the input including an engine operating condition, the control system configured to adjust an operating parameter of the fuel separator, based at least in part on the engine operating condition, to vary at least one of the first or second auto-ignition characteristic values.

Abstract: A functionalized nonwoven substrate and methods for preparing the same are described. The functionalized substrates are useful in selectively filtering and removing biological materials, such as biocontaminates, from biological samples.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis system includes a membrane chamber having a feed line. The chamber generates a permeate stream and a brine stream from the feed line. A feed pump pressurizes the feed line. A first flow meter generates a first flow signal corresponding to a flow of fluid in the permeate stream. A booster device has a turbine in fluid communication with the brine stream and a pump in fluid communication with the feed line. A motor is coupled to the turbine device and a variable frequency drive is attached to the turbine device operating in response to the first flow signal. A second flow meter generates a second flow signal corresponding to a flow of fluid in the brine stream and a variable size nozzle operates an opening in response to the second flow meter.

Abstract: A first apparatus for processing a liquid sample is disclosed. The apparatus includes a sample-receiving, a filtrate-receiving component, and an analyte-capture element. The apparatus forms a liquid flow path through which the sample passes, thereby causing the analyte-capture element to capture an analyte, if present. A method is disclosed whereby a liquid sample is passed through the first apparatus and the analyte-capture element is easily separated from the apparatus for further processing and detection of the analyte. A structurally-related second apparatus for processing a plurality of liquid samples, and a corresponding method of use, also is disclosed.

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided for simultaneously recovering coagulant and acid in a water treatment system. Sludge produced by the water treatment system is contacted with acid to form acidified sludge liquids. The acidified sludge liquids flow into a membrane assisted capacitive deionization system having both cation and anion exchange membranes. Metal cations from the acidified sludge liquids diffuse across at least one cation exchange membrane to form recovered coagulant, while anions from the acidified sludge liquids diffuse across at least one anion exchange membrane to form recovered acid. The diffusion rate of the metal cations across the cation exchange membranes is equal to or greater than the diffusion rate of the anions across the anion exchange membranes.

Abstract: A dialysis machine includes a dialyzer (1), a dialysate feed system (5) having a feed line (52), and a discharge system (6) having a discharge line (62). The machine further includes ultrafiltration control elements (UF) and back-filtration control elements (RF). The feed line is provided with a constriction (520) and with elements for measuring the pressure difference (523, 524) across the terminals of the constriction. The feed system further includes a ventricle bag (50), and pressurizer elements (70) for putting the ventricle bag (50) under pressure. The machine further includes an open/close system (C5, C5?) for opening/closing the discharge line (62) and the back-filtration control elements cause the discharge line (62) to close, and control the pressure applied to the ventricle bag (50), as a function of the pressure difference measured across the terminals of the constriction (520), so as to obtain a given flow rate of dialysate.

Abstract: A flow filtration system (1) for concentration of components contained in a fluid sample comprises a fluid channel (2) being formed by two conduits (4, 5) allowing a bidirectional flow of the fluid sample through the fluid channel (2), a tangential flow filtration module (3) and at least two pairs (8, 9) of piston pumps (6) each having two piston pumps (6), wherein the piston pumps (6) having a piston swept volume forming a reservoir being able to contain the fluid for volumes of up to 100 ml. The tangential flow filtration module (3) is located in the fluid channel (2) so that a fluid flowing through the channel (2) passes through the filtration module (3). At each end (10, 11) of the channel (2) one piston pump (6) of each pair (8, 9) of piston pumps (6) is located in such a manner that the piston pumps are fluidically connected in parallel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a microchip that allows a sample to be introduced into a region easily and accurately, and which makes it possible to obtain high analysis accuracy. The microchip includes an airtight region into which a solution is externally introduced; and positioning means for positioning a channel for injecting the solution into the region by penetrating a substrate layer forming the region with respect to a puncture part of the region.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining a water treatment parameter includes receiving, by a computer, measurements of a fluorescence emission spectrum of a water sample including a first peak emission wavelength and at least a second peak emission wavelength, emitted in response to an excitation wavelength, receiving, by the computer, an absorbance measurement obtained at the excitation wavelength of the water sample, determining, using the computer, a ratio of the measurements at either the second peak emission wavelength, or a sum of measurements at a plurality of peak emission wavelengths including at least the first peak emission wavelength and the second peak emission wavelength, to the first peak emission wavelength, and calculating, using the computer, a value for the water treatment parameter based on a combination of at least the ratio and the absorbance measurement.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and devices for culturing cells in a biomimetic environment of a cellularized nephron unit, and methods for fabricating and using the cellularized nephron unit.

Abstract: Gas separation processes are provided for separating dehydrogenation reaction products from a raw gas stream to recover hydrocarbons, specifically olefins, such as propylene and iso-butene, as well as unreacted feedstock. The processes employ a sequence of partial condensation steps, interspersed with membrane separation steps to raise the hydrocarbon dewpoint of the uncondensed gas, thereby avoiding the use of low-temperature or cryogenic conditions.