Abstract: A non-contact motion detection apparatus includes at least one reception antenna, at least one transmission antenna, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and a phase lock loop (PLL). The at least one reception antenna receives a first wireless radio frequency (RF) signal. The at least one transmission antenna transmits a second wireless RF signal to an object which reflects the second wireless RF signal into the first wireless RF signal. The VCO outputs an oscillation signal to the at least one transmission antenna. The first wireless RF signal received by the at least one reception antenna is injected to the VCO. The PLL generates a control voltage to the VCO according to the oscillation signal from the VCO and a reference frequency. Controlled by the control voltage, which represents a motion information of the object, the oscillation signal of the VCO is locked to the reference frequency.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides an imager, preferably portable, that includes a source of electromagnetic radiation capable of generating radiation with one or more frequencies in a range of about 1 GHz to about 2000 GHz. An optical system that is optically coupled to the source focuses radiation received therefrom onto an object plane, and directs at least a portion of the focused radiation propagating back from the object plane onto an image plane. The imager further includes a scan mechanism coupled to the optical system for controlling thereof so as to move the focused radiation over the object plane. A detector optically coupled to the lens at the image plane detects at least a portion of the radiation propagating back from a plurality of scanned locations in the object plane, thereby generating a detection signal. A processor that is in communication with the detector generates an image of at least a portion of the object plane based on the detection signal.

Abstract: A seed sensor for an agricultural planter adapted to be disposed proximate an egress end of a seed tube through which seeds pass during planting operations. The seed sensor capable of generating an output signal corresponding to the passage of seed therethrough.

Abstract: An RFID-based sensor is provided with an RFID chip and an antenna electrically connected to the RFID chip. The antenna is adapted to receive energy from an RF field and produce a signal. The sensor also includes a sensing material electrically connected to the antenna and having an electrical property which varies in the presence of an environmental factor. The sensor is further provided with a dielectric spacer material and a ground element which is adapted to at least partially isolate the sensing material from the environmental factor.

Abstract: A resonant radiofrequency (RF) detector assembly comprising a substrate, a coil formed on a front surface of the substrate, and two capacitors, each capacitor having a front plate which is formed on the front surface of the substrate and a rear plate formed on a rear surface of the substrate, the two front plates each being electrically connected to a different end of the coil, and the two rear plates being electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and computer-accessible medium embodiments for a noninvasive mapping of electrical properties of tissues or materials. For example, it is possible to apply a plurality of stimulations to a target. It is possible to receive at least one signal from the target in response to the applied stimulations. Further, it is possible to process the at least one signal to determine electromagnetic-field-related quantities associated with the stimulations and the target response. Also, it is possible to supply the electromagnetic-field-related quantities to a system of equations relating these quantities to a plurality of electrical property values and residual field-related unknown values of the at least one target. It is also possible to determine a solution to the system of equations, including determining at least one electrical property of the at least one target.

Abstract: A monitoring system includes an array of concatenated sensing nodes, with each sensing node being configured to have at least one of near-field and far-field RF coupling circuitry to interface with an adjacent sensing node. A respective device is coupled to each of the sensing nodes. A reader device is configured to have at least one of near-field and far-field RF coupling circuitry to interface with the array of concatenated sensing nodes to read data from the devices.

Abstract: A microwave sensor assembly includes a signal processing device for generating at least one microwave signal that includes a pattern of frequencies and at least one probe coupled to the signal processing device. The probe includes an emitter configured to generate an electromagnetic field from the at least one microwave signal, wherein the emitter is detuned when an object is positioned within the electromagnetic field such that a loading signal is reflected from the emitter to the signal processing device.

Abstract: A method for measuring a proximity of a component with respect to an emitter is provided. The method includes transmitting at least one microwave signal having a plurality of frequency components within a predefined frequency range to the emitter. At least one electromagnetic field is generated by the emitter from the microwave signal. A load is then induced to the emitter by an interaction between the component and the electromagnetic field, wherein at least one loading signal representative of the loading is reflected within a data conduit from the emitter. Moreover, the loading signal is received by at least one signal processing device. The proximity of the component with respect to the emitter is measured by the signal processing device based on the loading signal.

Abstract: A sensor unit for use in measurements on a subject is presented. The sensor unit includes a near field electromagnetic sensor and a flexible signal transmission structure, which are integral with one another by means of at least one common continuous surface. The flexible signal transmission structure is constructed from a first layer including signal connection lines associated with sensor cells near field electromagnetic sensor and a second electrically conductive layer electrically coupled to the electrically conductive material of the sensor.

Abstract: A microwave sensor probe includes a probe housing, an emitter body coupled to the probe housing, and an emitter coupled to the emitter body. The emitter is configured to generate an electromagnetic field from at least one microwave signal. At least one electromagnetic absorbent member is configured to absorb at least one of a current transmitted through the emitter and an electromagnetic radiation generated by the emitter.

Abstract: A system and method can use a transmission line to remotely detect border violations. For example, the transmission line can be configured to use time domain reflectometry to determine when a person and/or object crosses a border. The border can be the border of a country or the perimeter of a facility such as an airport, for example.

Abstract: A method of making finger sensor packages may include advancing a flexible circuit tape along a predetermined path of travel. The flexible circuit tape may include a flexible layer and conductive traces thereon defining individual flexible circuits. The method may include, as the flexible circuit tape is advanced along the path of travel, securing a respective finger sensing integrated circuit (IC) and surrounding sensor package frame to each flexible circuit, applying at least one fluid fill material adjacent each finger sensor IC while using the corresponding sensor package frame as a dam to thereby define finger sensor packages, and stamping out the finger sensor packages from the flexible circuit tape to form at least one flush common edge of each sensor package frame and individual flexible circuit.

Abstract: An integrated circuit has an inhomogeneous protective layer or coating over a circuit to be protected, and a sensing circuit (80) arranged to sense a first impedance of a part of the protective coating compared to a reference impedance (CO) located on the integrated circuit. The sensing circuit is able to measure a change in the first impedance, e.g. caused by tampering. The sensing circuit has an amplifier (OTA) having a feedback loop, such that the impedance being sensed is in the feedback loop. The sensing circuit can be incorporated in an oscillator circuit (OTA, Comp) so that the frequency depends on the impedance. Where the impedance is a capacitance, sensing electrodes adjacent to the protective layer or coating, form the capacitance. The electrodes can be arranged as selectable interdigitated comb structures, so that the protective layer or coating extends in between the teeth of the comb structures.

Abstract: An apparatus for ascertaining and monitoring a fill level and includes a transmitting/receiving unit and a delay circuit. The delay circuit includes at least a sampling clocking oscillator, which produces a sampling signal having a sampling frequency, a transmission clocking oscillator, which produces a pulse repetition signal having a pulse repetition frequency and a frequency converter, which produces by means of sequential sampling a difference signal. The apparatus further includes a control/evaluation unit, which determines on the basis of travel time the fill level. Provided on the control/evaluation unit is an external clocking input, which is connected via a clocking line with a first clocking output of the sampling clocking oscillator or with a second clocking output of the transmission clocking oscillator. A stabilized and cost-favorable control circuit for producing an intermediate frequency signal with a highly accurately determinable, transformation factor results.

Abstract: A method for detecting icing at an angle-resolving radar sensor in a driver assistance system for motor vehicles, in which signals of a plurality of antenna elements each having a specific angle characteristic are compared with the corresponding angle characteristics, and the azimuth angle of a located object is determined on the basis of an angle fit quality which indicates how well the signals of the antenna elements correspond to the angle characteristics for a given azimuth angle, wherein an indicator for icing is formed which is a monotonically falling function of the angle fit qualities of the located objects, with objects having a low signal-to-noise ratio being included in the indicator at the most with a reduced weighting.

Abstract: Method for frequency detection and detecting variation of frequency is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps. First of all, a pointer is provided over an electromagnetic position detection apparatus, wherein the pointer emits an electromagnetic signal with a frequency f1. Next a base integration signal is generated according to the integration of the electromagnetic signal with the frequency f1 for a current integration period x. Then a current integration signal is generated according to the integration of the electromagnetic signal with the frequency f1 for the current integration period x and a predetermined electromagnetic signal with a predetermined frequency f0 for the predetermined integration period y. Finally, a frequency variation value ?f between the frequency f1 and a current frequency fc is calculated and obtained according to the current integration signal and the base integration signal.

Abstract: A differential signaling system, wherein a first wiring and a second wiring are coupled between a sending end and a receiving end as a differential signal line. A termination resistor is coupled between the first wiring and the second wiring in the receiving end side. A test circuit is coupled to the termination resistor in parallel, and amplifies and detects a variation of a differential impedance due to the differential signal line. The test circuit includes: a differential test amplifier for amplifying a variation in the differential impedance of the first wiring or the second wiring; a switching unit installed at an input terminal of the differential test amplifier for controlling an operation of the differential test amplifier; and a peak detector for converting an output signal of the differential test amplifier into a direct current component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a proximity switch provided with an actuator unit and a sensor unit. The sensor unit is provided with an antenna coil, a transmitting circuit which transmits electromagnetic waves at a constant frequency to the antenna coil, a receiving circuit which detects external signals received by means of the antenna coil, and control circuits. The actuator unit is provided with an antenna coil, a power supply circuit which rectifies an electromotive force generated in the antenna coil, and a signal processing circuit which receives power supply from the power supply circuit, performs frequency-dividing to the signals received by means of the antenna coil, and transmits the signals from the antenna coil after the frequency-dividing. The control circuit of the sensor unit has memory for registering the frequency of the signals transmitted from the actuator unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic field sensor assembly for blade tip clearance measurement in a gas turbine engine is disclosed that includes a ceramic sensor body, a multi-layered wire coil wound about a distal end portion of the sensor body for producing an electromagnetic field, a ceramic well enclosing the sensor body and the coil, and a metallic housing surrounding the well and having an open distal end.

Abstract: A general method for producing EMS positive samples or samples containing nanostructures characteristic of self-replicating molecules like DNA by dilution and agitation. Methods of transduction into DNA information or for inducing EMS in an originating sample and transducing the EMS signal once induced into a naïve receiving sample. Diagnostic methods using this technology.

Abstract: A metrology system monitors radio frequency (RF) power at a plurality of locations in a circuit. The system includes a plurality of RF sensors that generate respective analog signals based on electrical properties of the RF power, a multiplexing module that generates an output signal based on the analog signals, and an analysis module that generates messages based on the output signal. The messages contain information regarding the electrical properties that are sensed by the plurality of RF sensors.

Abstract: A method of determining an angular orientation of a sensor relative to a source including the steps of amplitude modulating at least two synchronized polarized Radio Frequency (RF) carrier signals with a predetermined relationship between their amplitude modulation of their electric field components and their polarization states to provide a scanning polarized RF reference source with a desired scanning range, pattern and frequency; detecting the scanning polarized RF reference source at the sensor; and determining the orientation of the sensor based on the detected scanning polarized RF reference source. Similar methods are also provided for determining an angular orientation and/or position of a sensor relative to two or more sources, aligning a mobile sensor relative to a source and homing a sensor relative to a predetermined plane and/or point.

Abstract: The innovation introduces a new kind of smart biological-sensing controller, based on silicon and/or flexible polymer printed electronics. The purpose of the device is to monitor and/or control biological signals of living organisms (for example, microbes, bacteria, insects, plants, animals, and people). Embedded in a system, the innovation can work contactless and battery-free since it is self-powered, wirelessly self-communicating without the use of electromagnetic waves like radio frequencies (RF), infrared or other electromagnetic technologies. Instead, the innovation uses alternating electric fields for powering, measuring and communicating, and introduces an innovative new method of mobile vital signs monitoring.

Abstract: The specification discloses a simple and effective system for tracking position and rotation of an object or portable device located within an electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field may be produced by a primary coil, which inductively couples with one or more secondary coils located within a portable device. The relative strength of this inductive coupling may be used to determine the position, rotation, or both of the portable device relative to the primary coil.

Abstract: A linear capacitance displacement transducer (1) comprising first (2) and second (3) fixed capacitor plate and a dielectric structure (5) moveable longitudinally within a space (4) between the first (2) and second (3) capacitor plates, the dielectric structure (5) being operatively coupled to a moveable element (8). The capacitor plates and the dielectric material may be cylindrical and disposed coaxially and concentrically. The transducer (1) enables a displacement sensor that is capable of monitoring liquid levels in a syringe type drug reservoir (101) with sufficient sensitivity as to allow detection of erroneous drug delivery. The sensor is inexpensive to manufacture and provides reliable performance through robust design.

Abstract: A position sensor comprising two coils, the first coil (transmitting coil 1) being fed a certain frequency such that it emits a constant electromagnetic field, and said field being received and/or detected by way of the second coil (receiving coil 3), is characterized in that the axis of the second coil is angled with respect to the axis of the first coil, preferably located at an angle of 90° with respect to the axis of the first coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of energy monitoring system, and particularly to a bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring system which comprises a bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring apparatus and a bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring switchgear; the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring apparatus comprises a first wireless bidirectional module for receiving a current signal from the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring switchgear and transmitting a control signal to the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring switchgear; the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring switchgear comprises a second wireless bidirectional module for receiving the control signal from the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring apparatus and transmitting the current signal of electrical equipment to the second wireless bidirectional module of the bidirectional wireless electrical energy monitoring appara

Abstract: A method of measuring the permittivity and/or conductivity of a multiphase fluid flowing through a conduit is provided. The method includes the steps of measuring the signal from a first electromagnetic transmitter to a first electromagnetic receiver separated by a first distance, measuring the signal from the first electromagnetic transmitter to a second electromagnetic receiver separated by a second distance, measuring the signal from a second electromagnetic transmitter to the first electromagnetic receiver separated by a distance substantially equal to the second distance, measuring the signal from the second electromagnetic transmitter to the second electromagnetic receiver separated by a distance substantially equal to the first distance, and wherein the first and second distances are substantially different.

Abstract: Disclosed is an SAR measurement method that is capable of securing sufficient power within a short period of time and always maintaining the intensity of measurement signals irrespective of the measurement frequency. With the SAR measurement method, a plurality of measurement modules each with a control unit for processing location information and SAR measurement values, a memory unit for storing data, an antenna for making signal transception with the external, and a storage battery charged by way of inductive power are prepared. Thereafter, the plurality of measurement modules are arranged and installed within a phantom formed with a homogeneous material that conforms to the electrical characteristics of human body tissue. An electronic product to be measured in SAR is mounted at a predetermined location of the phantom with a predetermined posture. A high frequency of several hundred megahertz (MHz) to several hundred gigahertz (GHz) is scanned toward the phantom.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining the thickness of material layers of a container-held substance comprising a first material disposed in an upper layer and a second material disposed in a lower layer, by transmitting a radio signal through the substance towards a container portion; receiving reflected signals from a surface of the upper layer, a surface of the second layer, and the container portion; varying the frequency of the transmitted signal to determine phase displacement between transmitted and reflected signals; determining optical distances to the surfaces and the container portion, dependent on the phase displacements; determining the thickness of one of said layers dependent on phase displacement through and index of refraction of that layer; and determining the thickness of the other layer dependent on the thickness of said one of said layers.

Abstract: A detection element for detecting an electromagnetic wave includes: a substrate; a schottky barrier diode disposed on the substrate; and an antenna disposed on the substrate, wherein the antenna includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element which are divided, a third conductive element and a fourth conductive element which are divided, a first connecting member that electrically connects the first conductive element and the third conductive element, and a second connecting member that electrically connects the second conductive element and the fourth conductive element, wherein the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and the third conductive element and the fourth conductive element are formed on multiple surfaces of the substrate, which are spaced apart from each other along an incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, respectively, and wherein the schottky barrier diode is electrically connected between the first conductive element and the second conductiv

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic wave information detection apparatus, including a photoelectric converter including first and second electrode layers; a charge generation layer that generates positive and negative charges by irradiation of an electromagnetic wave; and a charge transport layer; an electric potential imparting unit that imparts electric potentials to the first and second electrode layers; a detection unit; and a control unit controlling the electric potential imparting unit and the detection unit such that the electric potentials of the first and second electrode layers are equalized during a predetermined period of time between a process of imparting detection electric potentials to the first and second electrode layers to detect information carried by an electromagnetic wave of a previous irradiation and a process of imparting the detection electric potentials to the first and second electrode layers to detect information carried by an electromagnetic wave of a subsequent irradiation.

Abstract: A detection apparatus and an imaging apparatus are capable of accurately conducting non-destructive observation of a target by using an incoherent electromagnetic wave. The detection apparatus has a generating section, a first coupler section, a delaying section, a second coupler section and a signal processing section. The generating section 101 includes a coherent electromagnetic wave source 102 and a diffusing section 103 for generating a pseudoincoherent electromagnetic wave by changing a propagation state of the coherent electromagnetic wave in accordance with a code pattern. The incoherent electromagnetic wave is split into first and second waves and the first wave is affected by the target of observation while the second wave is delayed by the delaying section. The first and second waves are then coupled to produce a coupled wave having a correlation signal of them and the signal is utilized to acquire information on the inside of the target of observation.

Abstract: A capacitive sensor device is provided, especially for determining a rotational frequency of a rotary body, for example of a washing drum and for detecting the amount and/or of the humidity grade of a laundry situated in the washing drum. The sensor device comprises a first electrode device for the irradiation of an alternating electric field, a second electrode device, into which the alternating electric field irradiated by the first electrode device can be coupled, and an evaluation circuit, which is coupled with the first electrode device and which is formed to generate the alternating electric field irradiated at the first electrode device, for detecting field-electrical interactions on at least one of the two electrode devices. The second electrode device preferably comprises a modulator for modulating the alternating electric field irradiated by the first electrode device.

Abstract: Sensing a change in motion proximate to a body part of a person via one or more sensing elements disposed on a flexible substrate and having a sufficient mechanical coupling to the body part. A proximity of the sensing element(s) to the body part is detected, and power is coupled to or decoupled from the sensing element(s) based at least in part on the detected proximity.

Abstract: A level verification system for a radar level gauge utilizes a remotely positionable target. The target is positioned inside of a tank that is subject to level measurement, and stowed at a first position and selectively positionable to a second position to reflect emitted electromagnetic radiation in an amount indicative of a predetermined material level. The verification system can verify a high level alarm will be triggered when the material reaches a high level corresponding to the level of the target, by remotely positioning the target in front of the emitter of the radar gauge. The target reflects electromagnetic energy to the detector at approximately the same intensity that the material reaching the high level would reflect so as to provide an accurate verification.

Abstract: Low loss current and voltage probes are integrated in parallel plate airlines (slablines) to be used either as separate modules inserted between tuner and DUT in load pull test setups, or integrated in the impedance tuners themselves. The probes are inserted orthogonally at exactly the same reference plane relative to the DUT, maximizing bandwidth and the minimizing deformation of the detected electric and magnetic fields. The probes are used to detect the actual voltage and current waveforms and feed into an amplitude-and-phase calibrated high speed oscilloscope, including several harmonic frequencies. The actual real time voltage and current time domain waves are transformed into the frequency domain using fast Fourier transformation (FFT), de-embedded to the DUT reference plane and inverse transformed into the time domain using inverse Fourier transformation (FFT?1). The result of this real-time operation is the actual dynamic load line of the DUT at its terminals.

Abstract: It has been found advantageous to deploy coiled antennas as transmitters and receivers for acquiring the dielectric spectrum of materials. This method of impendence spectroscopy has been used to determine the concentration of glucose and other small polar molecules in vitro, as well as in vivo by placement on the antennas so that transmission is through the tissue, as for example on opposite sides of an organ or body part. The optimum selection of antenna coils permits deeper penetration into tissue for glucose detection, improves the SNR as well as expands the spectral range for greater accuracy and precision, to enable continuous non-invasive monitoring for either improved patient or automated management of diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the non-invasive analysis of materials in both in-vivo and ex-vivo configurations that show reduced sensitivity to sample placement within the sample measurement location. Embodiments of the apparatus make use of paired magnetic configurations and/or paired electrode configurations. Methods are described that compensate for the variation in sample size, and volume to give accurate and repeatable results.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electric field sensor is provided including an elongated conductor; a circuit including an input and an output connected across the elongated conductor wherein said circuit includes a DC to AC signal converter; wherein said elongated conductor is operative to impose a DC signal on said circuit input in response to being exposed to an electric field and broadcast an AC signal converted from said DC signal in response to said electric field being greater than a threshold level.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electromagnetic body scanning system that comprises a measuring system for measuring data of radio waves scattered by a body in two distinct subbands; and a computer system. The computer system is arranged for constructing a first image of the body using the measured data, generating synthetic scattered data of the body in a frequency range outside the subbands, and constructing a second image of the body using both the measured data and the synthetic data. The step of constructing a first image comprises matching an image to a human model.

Abstract: A portable device with a proximity sensor is provided. The portable device with a proximity sensor of the present invention includes a shielding plate for shielding impedance applied in a direction opposite to the direction that the proximity sensor detects the proximity such that the proximity sensor is not affected by a change in the surrounding environment and can detect the proximity at the same sensitivity at all times. Moreover, when the portable device is placed upside down on a conductive surface that causes low impedance, a proximity sensor placed adjacent to the conductive surface is deactivated to prevent malfunction.

Abstract: Electrical power system sensor devices, electrical power system monitoring methods, and electrical power system monitoring systems are disclosed according to some aspects of the description. In one aspect, an electrical power system sensor device includes sensor circuitry configured to monitor a characteristic of electrical energy which is conducted using an electrical conductor of an electrical power system, an attachment assembly configured to position the sensor circuitry with respect to the electrical conductor wherein the sensor circuitry monitors the characteristic of the electrical energy which is conducted within the electrical conductor of the electrical power system, and wherein the sensor circuitry is electrically isolated from the electrical conductor of the electrical power system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for touch/proximity detection, especially a capacitive switch device, which is designed to set switching states by approaching the switch device or by touching the switch device, in order to perform, for example, switching actions on an instrument. The invention also relates to a switch device, especially a switch device on a capacitive basis, for a cooktop, for operating the cooktop.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a measuring bearing currents in an electrical machine. According to exemplary embodiments, radio frequency signals that are generated by electric discharges are detected by an antenna near the bearing. A synchronizing signal is combined with the origin of the bearing current and signal triggered by the synchronizing signal is measured.

Abstract: A passive microwave receiver array, operating in the one meter to sub-millimeter wavelengths range and including an internationally protected range of frequencies of varying bandwidth, may be used for fire and intrusion detection. One or more receiver array can be used to provide a plurality of frequency ranges that can be detected. In an interior installation, one or more receiver array can be placed inside a wall. In other embodiments, the receiver and array can be in the form of a hand-held or wearable device. This method and apparatus achieves high performance by exploiting conventional low noise amplification block conversion circuits and provides the detection of thermal signals through clear, smoky, misty, or environmentally untenable conditions as well as the detection of fire and intrusion events through a non-metallic wall.

Abstract: A partial discharge detection device for detecting and measuring partial discharges in electric systems or components, which delivers signals having a form much resembling that of the radiated pulse, for improved identification and analysis. The device is of small size, totally insulated and self-powered, and allows measurements to be performed with the highest safety with no need for direct connection, thereby allowing operators to stand at a distance and avoid any system shutdown while making measurements. Furthermore, it can also detect and deliver the sync signal, which is obtained by picking up the supply voltage of the discharge generating components.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods for over-the-air testing of wireless systems. Embodiments comprise separated anechoic chambers containing wireless devices. The anechoic chambers are connected by propagation path corridors.

Abstract: A primary device for inductive power transfer to a secondary device is disclosed. The primary device includes a primary coil, the primary device being configured to (i) operate in a first mode during which the primary coil transfers power through inductive coupling to the secondary device, and (ii) operate in a second mode during which a foreign object is detected. The primary device further includes a primary controller configured to operate the primary coil (i) using a first frequency during the first mode, and (ii) using a second frequency during the second mode. A method to detect a foreign object which is in proximity of an inductively coupled environment of a primary device is also disclosed.