Abstract: An optical system for forming a final image of a non-circular light source on a workpiece with a desired non-circular cross-section and desired size B includes a plurality of spaced lenses. The plurality of lenses are arranged with spaced upstream and downstream lenses which are configured to transmit the beam emitted by the light source. The optical system is configured with an F-theta lens spaced downstream from the downstream lens and converging the beam incident thereon so that the beam has a final waist. The F-theta and downstream lenses are spaced apart so that F ? ? 4 Fth = A B , wherein F4 a positive focal length of the downstream lens, Fth is the negative focus of the F-theta lens, B is the desired size of the final image, and A is a size of a preliminary noncircular image of the source different from the desired size B.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light emitting apparatus. The light emitting apparatus includes a package body; first and second electrodes; a light emitting device electrically connected to the first and second electrodes and including a first conductive semiconductor layer, a second conductive semiconductor layer, and an active layer between the first and second conductive semiconductor layers; and a lens supported on the package body and at least a part of the lens including a reflective structure. The package body includes a first cavity, one ends of the first and second electrodes are exposed in the first cavity and other ends of the first and second electrodes are exposed at lateral sides of the package body, and a second cavity is formed at a predetermined portion of the first electrode exposed in the first cavity.

Abstract: An optical device includes an objective, an eyepiece and a power corrector, each of which includes one or more lenses, and each of which has a respective focal length. The input focal length of the device is defined jointly by the focal lengths of the objective and the power corrector. The magnification of the device is the ratio of the input focal length to the eyepiece focal length. The combined aberration of the eyepiece and the power corrector is less than the characteristic aberration of the eyepiece. The objective, the eyepiece and the power corrector together define an apparent field of view of at least 75 degrees and an exit pupil. The eyepiece lens diameter(s) is/are no greater than twelve times the pupil diameter and three times the eyepiece focal length.

Abstract: An optical device forms a beam path between an optical end element at a beam path end and an object scene into which the beam path is directed via a field of view of the end element. The optical device contains an alignment device for pivoting the field of view relative to a predetermined direction, an end optical unit and an optical articulation for guiding the beam path from the pivoted field of view into the end optical unit. In order to achieve good shielding against spurious radiation, the device has a shielding unit containing a shielding element led partly around the optical articulation, which shielding unit shields the optical articulation against incident radiation that is not incident through the entrance or exit aperture of the optical articulation.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a display apparatus for displaying two and three dimensional images and video. In some embodiments, the display is at least partially transparent, allowing the viewer to receive visual information from the display and see objects and the environment behind the display apparatus.

Abstract: An operator-controlled device for optical imaging systems has modular components for inputting settings relating to the imaging of an object to be observed. The operator-controlled device further includes a display device for pregiven desired adjustment values and/or a display device for the actual adjustment values instantaneously achieved on the imaging system and transmitting devices for transmitting signals corresponding to the desired or actual adjustment values between the operator-controlled device and the imaging system. The operator-controlled device includes: at least one modular component for inputting desired adjustment values, a base component for accommodating one or more of the modular components and arrangements for manually and mechanically connecting the modular components to the base component and for manually separating the modular components from the base component.

Abstract: A reflective sighting device includes a reflective sight component having a reflective surface for facing a user and a light source arranged for projecting a reflected image onto the reflective sight component for view by the user along a line of sight. A first focal plane of the reflected image is closer to the reflective sight component than a second focal plane of a distant target, so that movement of the reflected image is minimized as perceived by a viewer when the reflective sighting device is subjected to small unwanted movement.

Abstract: A catadioptric optical system of the present invention includes a first imaging optical system that collects a light beam from an object, and a second imaging optical system including a refractive portion that forms an intermediate image by receiving a light beam from the first imaging optical system and to form an image of the intermediate image on an image plane, the first imaging optical system includes a first optical element and a second optical element, a reflection surface of the reflective portion of the first optical element and a reflection surface of the reflective portion of the second optical element are disposed so as to face each other, and an aperture stop is disposed between the first optical element and the second optical element.

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array unit includes a first lens array and a second lens array. The first lens array includes a plurality of first lenses. The second lens array includes a plurality of second lenses. The optical axes of the second lenses overlap with the optical axes of the first lenses. Each first lens and second lens with overlapping optical axes form a unit optical system. Each unit optical system is an erecting equal-magnification optical system. Each unit optical system is substantially telecentric on at least the object side. The imaging position, by each first lens, of an object is positioned between the first lens array and the second lens array.

Abstract: A production method of a solid-state imaging device in which microlenses are arranged adjacent to each other on a substrate, includes: a first process of forming first microlenses on a surface of the substrate leaving space therebetween for providing second microlenses; and a second process of applying an overcoating material onto the surface of the substrate on which the first microlenses are formed, drying the overcoating material, exposing the overcoating material to light using a gray scale mask, and developing the exposed overcoating material, so as to form second microlenses in the space between the first microlenses adjacent to each other.

Abstract: The image projection apparatus is disclosed to which plural interchangeable optical units are selectively attachable. The apparatus includes a shift mechanism moving an attached optical unit, which is one of the plural interchangeable optical units that is attached to the apparatus, with respect to a light modulation element in a direction orthogonal to an optical axis, an actuator driving the shift mechanism, and a controller controlling drive of the actuator using a control parameter for moving the attached optical unit by a specific movement amount via the shift mechanism. The controller acquires information on at least one of a weight and an optical characteristic of the attached optical unit from a memory provided in one of the apparatus and the attached optical unit, and to change the control parameter using the acquired information.

Abstract: An image acquisition device having a wide field of view includes a lens and image sensor configured to capture an original wide field of view (WFoV) image with a field of view of more than 90°. The device has an object detection engine that includes one or more cascades of object classifiers, e.g., face classifiers. A WFoV correction engine may apply rectilinear and/or cylindrical projections to pixels of the WFoV image, and/or non-linear, rectilinear and/or cylindrical lens elements or lens portions serve to prevent and/or correct distortion within the original WFoV image. One or more objects located within the original and/or distortion-corrected WFoV image is/are detectable by the object detection engine upon application of the one or more cascades of object classifiers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for propagating a laser beam is disclosed. The laser beam pulse is passed through a first lens which focuses the laser beam pulse at a focal point of the first lens. An electronegative gas at substantially atmospheric pressure is configured to surround the focal point in order to suppress an ionization effect by the laser beam pulse at the focal point.

Abstract: A system for preparing a semiconductor film, the system including: a laser source; optics to form a line beam, a stage to support a sample capable of translation; memory for storing a set of instructions, the instructions including irradiating a first region of the film with a first laser pulse to form a first molten zone, said first molten zone having a maximum width (Wmax) and a minimum width (Wmin), wherein the first molten zone crystallizes to form laterally grown crystals; laterally moving the film in the direction of lateral growth a distance greater than about one-half Wmax and less than Wmin; and irradiating a second region of the film with a second laser pulse to form a second molten zone, wherein the second molten zone crystallizes to form laterally grown crystals that are elongations of the crystals in the first region, wherein laser optics provide Wmax less than 2×Wmin.

Abstract: An exposure device includes a first lens plate including first lenses arranged substantially linearly and configured to form an intermediate image being an inverted reduced image of an object, a second lens plate including second lenses arranged substantially linearly in an arrangement direction of the first lenses and configured to form an inverted enlarged image of the intermediate image on a light reception surface, and light emitting elements arranged substantially linearly at pitch PD in the arrangement direction. A shift s in an arrangement pitch between the first lenses in the arrangement direction satisfies 0<s<(m÷(1?m)×PD) where magnification m of the first lenses is a ratio of a size of the intermediate image to a size of the object.

Abstract: A method and a device for scanning-microscopy imaging of a specimen (28) are described. Provision is made that a plurality of specimen points are scanned by means of a scanning beam (14) in successive scanning time intervals, the intensity of the radiation emitted from the respectively scanned specimen point is repeatedly sensed within the associated scanning time interval, an intensity mean value is determined, as a mean value image point signal, from the intensities sensed in the respectively scanned specimen point, and the mean value image point signals are assembled into a mean value raster image. Provision is further made for additionally determining an intensity variance value, as a variance image point signal, from the intensities sensed in the respectively scanning specimen points, and for assembling the variance image point signals into a variance raster image signal.

Abstract: In a solid-state image capturing device having the locations of photodiodes in each pixel unit to be different according to a sequence, the light receiving sensitivity and the luminance shading characteristic are improved. A circumferential portion of a microlens 12 which is arranged above a corresponding photodiode 11 is formed so as to overlap an adjacent microlens 12 thereto, and the locations of microlenses 12 in each pixel unit are different according to a sequence. Light of an image that is incident upon each of the microlenses 12 is incident upon approximately the same portion (e.g., central portion) of each of the respective photodiodes 11.

Abstract: Producing a scaled multiple parallax compound lens is accomplished by providing an insect eye having multiple ommatidia and creating a polymer mold of the insect eye. A casting is then created from the polymer mold with an expandable polymer which is then linearly expanded to provide a form for creating a second polymer mold. A second casting is then created from the second polymer mold. Duplication of the process can be accomplished for further scaling up of the compound lens with the final casting created using a durable polymer having appropriate optical properties for the lens.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and systems for augmenting a field of view of a user. In one embodiment, a device may include a detector, a processor, and an array of visual indicators. According to an embodiment of the method, the detector may image an environment. The processor may identify within the environment imaged by the detector an object of interest. The processor may also determine a relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. Further, the array of visual indicators may be used to indicate the determined relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. In particular, a set of one or more visual indicators may be selected that has a relative spatial location in the array of visual indicators that is indicative of the relative spatial location of the identified object of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed is a projection optical system including a first optical system configured to form a first image conjugate to an object and have an optical axis and a second optical system configured to project a second image conjugate to the first image onto a surface to be projected on, wherein the first image satisfies a condition of: Im×Tr?1.70 wherein Im denotes a length of the first image in a direction of an optical axis of the first optical system, normalized by a focal length of the first optical system, and Tr denotes a throw ratio for the projection optical system.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a stationary plate comprising an opening, a guide retained in the opening and pivotable relative to the stationary plate and a cable. The guide includes a through hole and the cable is disposed and axially slidable in the through hole.

Abstract: A catadioptric optical system of the present invention includes a first imaging optical system that collects a light beam from an object, and a second imaging optical system including a refractive portion that forms an intermediate image by receiving a light beam from the first imaging optical system and to form an image of the intermediate image on an image plane, the first imaging optical system includes a first optical element and a second optical element, a reflection surface of the reflective portion of the first optical element and a reflection surface of the reflective portion of the second optical element are disposed so as to face each other, and an aperture stop is disposed between the first optical element and the second optical element.

Abstract: An LED unit includes a printed circuit board, an LED mounted on the printed circuit board, and a lens covering the LED and fixed on the printed circuit board. The lens includes a pedestal and an optical element connected to the pedestal. The lens has a light-incident face formed in an interior thereof for receiving light emitted from the LED into the lens, and a light-emergent face formed on an outside thereof for refracting the light out of the lens. The optical element has two opposite sides longer than the other two opposite sides thereof so that the light pattern modulated by the optical element has two opposite ends wider than a middle thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are multispectral detection methods and systems that can be used with image-forming optics configured to form an image of a sample. The systems include: (a) an imaging detector; (b) relay optics that include multiple optical elements, the relay optics positioned to relay the image formed by the image-forming optics to the imaging detector; (c) an actuator coupled to one of the optical elements in the relay optics and configured to adjust a position of the coupled optical element; and (d) control electronics configured to cause the actuator to adjust the position of the coupled optical element in the relay optics in response to a wavelength band selection by a wavelength selection element positioned to select one wavelength band for the image from among two or more wavelength bands within an overall wavelength range.

Abstract: An optical unit with a first lens group and a second lens group, the first lens group and the second lens group being sequentially arranged from an object side to an image plane side, the first lens group including a first lens element, a transparent body, and a second lens element, the first lens element, the transparent body, and the second lens element being sequentially arranged from the object side to the image plane side, the second lens group including only a third lens element.

Abstract: There is provided an objective lens for information recording/reproducing for three types of optical discs, which includes a first area contributing to converging a third light beam onto a record surface of a third optical disc. The first area includes a phase shift structure having refractive surface zones concentrically formed about a predetermined axis. The phase shift structure includes first and second step groups. The first step group is configured such that an optical path length difference ?OPD1 (nm) given by each step of the first step group to a first light beam satisfies a condition: 2N1+1.10<|?OPD1/?1|<2N1+1.40, where N1 is an integer or zero, and the second step group is configured such that an optical path length difference ?OPD2 (nm) given by each step of the second step group to the first light beam satisfies a condition: 2N2?0.10<|?OPD2/?1|<2N2+0.10, where N2 is an integer.

Abstract: A catadioptric optical system includes a first imaging optical system that includes a catadioptric part that collects a light beam from an object to form an intermediate image of the object, and a second imaging optical system that includes a refractive part that images the intermediate image on an image plane. The first imaging optical system includes a first optical element, a second optical element, and a negative lens in an optical path between the first and second optical elements, and the first and second optical elements are disposed so that reflection parts of the first and second optical element face each other. A power pn of the negative lens, radii of curvature R1n and R2n of lens surfaces of the negative lens at an object side and an image side, respectively, and a power ?1 of the first imaging optical system are appropriately set.

Abstract: An imaging microoptics, which is compact and robust, includes at least one aspherical member and has a folded beam path. The imaging microoptics provides a magnification |??| of >800 by magnitude. Furthermore, a system for positioning a wafer with respect to a projection optics includes the imaging microoptics, an image sensor positionable in the image plane of the imaging microoptics, for measuring a position of an aerial image of the projection optics, and a wafer stage with an actuator and a controller for positioning the wafer in dependence of an output signal of the image sensor.

Abstract: A system tube of an endoscope optical system, designed to contain cylindrical elements of an image guide provided with lenses and to support the elements by tongues cut out of the wall of the system tube and deformed nonelastically. Wherein the tongues are deformed toward the outside and are bent elastically by a holder toward the inside to below the level of the outer surface of the system tube. In a system tube of an endoscope optical system, designed to contain cylindrical elements of an image guide provided with lenses and to support the elements by means of nonelastically deformed tongues cut out of the wall of the system tube, the tongues are deformed toward the outside and are elastically bent by a holder toward the inside to below the level of the outer surface of the system tube.

Abstract: The present application discloses methods and systems for augmenting a field of view of a user. In one embodiment, a device may include a detector, a processor, and an array of visual indicators. According to an embodiment of the method, the detector may image an environment. The processor may identify within the environment imaged by the detector an object of interest. The processor may also determine a relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. Further, the array of visual indicators may be used to indicate the determined relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. In particular, a set of one or more visual indicators may be selected that has a relative spatial location in the array of visual indicators that is indicative of the relative spatial location of the identified object of interest.

Abstract: A magnifying imaging optical system is disclosed that has precisely three mirrors, which image an object field in an object plane into an image field in an image plane. A ratio between a transverse dimension of the image field and a transverse dimension measured in the same direction of a useful face of the last mirror before the image field is greater than 3. In a further aspect, the magnifying imaging optical system is disclosed that has at least three mirrors, which image an object field in an object plane in an image field in an image plane. A first mirror in the beam path after the object field is concave, a second mirror is also concave and a third mirror is convex. An angle of incidence of imaging beams on the last mirror before the image field is less than 15°.

Abstract: An optical system having a plane anisotropic retroreflector portion which specularly reflects radiation components in a first plane of incidence, but retroreflects radiation components in a second plane of incidence, a first imaging portion which produces on the retroreflector portion a line-shaped intermediate image of an object point in an object plane in a specified position relative to the system, the image extending along a line in the second plane of incidence, and a second imaging portion by means of which the line-shaped intermediate image is imaged into an image point.

Abstract: A lens array includes a plurality of lenses having respective optical axes that are approximately parallel to each other, wherein the plurality of lenses are configured in a direction approximately perpendicular to the optical axes and are formed integrally with each other, and a maximum inclination angle of a lens surface on each of a predetermined number of the plurality of lenses is less than or equal 50.8 degrees or less, the maximum inclination angle being defined as a maximum value of an angle formed by an optical axis and a normal line of a lens surface of one of the predetermined number of the plurality of lenses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for optically scanning a sample. The basic structure of the device comprises at least one adjustment unit and at least one scanning device. The sample is displaced in relation to the scanning device by means of the adjustment unit impinged upon by a control system, or vice versa. According to the invention, adjustment values for the mechanical compensation of play are incorporated, filed in the control system and taken into consideration during adjustment.

Abstract: A projection objective of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus contains a plurality of optical elements arranged in N>?2 successive sections A1 to AN of the projection objective which are separated from one another by pupil planes or intermediate image planes. According to the invention, in order to correct a wavefront deformation, at least two optical elements each have an optically active surface locally reprocessed aspherically. A first optical element is in this case arranged in one section Aj, j=1 . . . N and a second optical element is arranged in another section Ak, k=1 . . . N, the magnitude difference |k?j| being an odd number.

Abstract: An objective optical system includes, in sequence from the object side, a first group having positive refractive power and including a plano-convex lens with the convex surface facing the image side; a second group having positive refractive power and including a lens whose extreme-object-side lens surface is convex facing the object side; a third group having negative refractive power and including a lens whose extreme-image-side lens surface is concave facing the image side; a fourth group having positive refractive power and including a lens disposed on the extreme object side, whose image-side lens surface is convex facing the image side and a lens disposed on the extreme image side, whose object-side lens surface is convex facing the object side; and a fifth group having positive refractive power and including a combined lens by joining a convex lens and a concave lens, the joined surface having negative refractive power.

Abstract: A lithography projection objective for imaging a pattern to be arranged in an object plane of the projection objective onto a substrate to be arranged in an image plane of the projection objective comprises a multiplicity of optical elements that are arranged along an optical axis of the projection objective. The optical elements comprise a first group, following the object plane, of optical elements, and a last optical element, which follows the first group and is next to the image plane and which defines an exit surface of the projection objective and is arranged at a working distance from the image plane. The projection objective is tunable or tuned with respect to aberrations for the case that the volume between the last optical element and the image plane is filled by an immersion medium with a refractive index substantially greater than 1. The position of the last optical element is adjustable in the direction of the optical axis.

Abstract: A surgical drape with a functional interface for engaging surgical instruments, including a flexible, tube-like sleeve for creating a sterile barrier around a non-sterile holding arm. The drape is open at a proximal end, and has a hub at a distal end for connection to a distal end of the holding arm. The hub has sterile external surfaces that allow surgical instruments to be easily removably attached in a variety of directions and orientations, providing sufficient mechanical strength to transmit forces from the instruments to the holding arm. The hub includes an externally accessible, sterile actuator for actuating an electronic circuit local to the holding arm on the non-sterile side of the barrier.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a projection objective for lithography includes an optical arrangement of optical elements between an object plane and an image plane. The arrangement generally has at least one intermediate image plane, the arrangement further having at least two correction elements for correcting aberrations, of which a first correction element is arranged optically at least in the vicinity of a pupil plane and a second correction element is arranged in a region which is not optically near either a pupil plane or a field plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image pickup apparatus, a method for capturing an image, and a method for designing the image pickup apparatus capable of realizing a fixed focal length image pickup apparatus of high resolution and fine resolution at a low cost by disposing a plurality of image pickup elements therein. An image pickup device 31 is of a focal coincidence type having a plurality of image pickup elements, such as CCD sensors 62-1 to 62-3, arranged in an array.

Abstract: A projection objective of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus has a high index refractive optical element with an index of refraction greater than 1.6. This element has a volume and a material related optical property which varies over the volume. Variations of this optical property cause an aberration of the objective. In one embodiment at least 4 optical surfaces are provided that are arranged in at least one volume which is optically conjugate with the volume of the refractive optical element. Each optical surface comprises at least one correction means, for example a surface deformation or a birefringent layer with locally varying properties, which at least partially corrects the aberration caused by the variation of the optical property.

Abstract: An optical imaging assembly having cylindrical symmetry, comprising a plurality of lenses having surfaces with curvatures and spacings between the surfaces, such that an optical image formed by the plurality of lenses has a defocus aberration coefficient greater than 0.1 at a focal plane of the assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image generating apparatus (1) which comprises an illumination unit (20) having an intermediate face (21, S), as well as an image modulator (30) for generating an image (I). In addition a deflecting means (10) for deflecting a received light beam (L) of primary illumination light (L1) to said illumination unit (20) is provided in order to irradiate said intermediate face (21, S). Said deflecting means (10) is adapted to have—during the process of irradiating said intermediate face (21, S)—said light beam (L) subsequently in time irradiate different portions of said intermediate face (21, S) in order to thereby reduce the speckle effect.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the invention, an interferometric display device is provided having an external film with a plurality of structures that redirect light from an inactive area of the display to an active area of the display. Light incident on the external film that would normally continue towards an inactive area of the display is either reflected, refracted, or scattered towards an active area of the display comprising moveable and static reflective surfaces that form an optical cavity.

Abstract: Lens pairs include: a first lens to form an intermediate image, which is an inverted image of an object, on an intermediate image plane; and a second lens to form an image of the object, which is an inverted image of the intermediate image, on the image plane. A ratio of SO1 (the distance between the first principal plane of the first lens and the object plane) to SI1 (the distance between the second principal plane of the first lens and the intermediate image plane) is substantially the same as the ratio of SI2 (the distance between the second principal plane of the second lens and the imaging plane) to SO2 (the distance between the first principal plane of the second lens and the intermediate image plane). The distance between the first lens and the object plane is different from a distance between the second lens and the imaging plane.

Abstract: A lensholder holds at least one fixed optical lens and a variable focusing element in a spaced relation along an optical path through which light passes in an electro-optical reader. The variable focusing element has a pair of electrodes across which a voltage is applied to optically modify the light passing through the fixed optical lens and the variable focusing element. The lensholder directly electrically conductively contacts the electrodes and establishes an electrically conductive path between each electrode and an exterior of the lensholder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a side illumination lens and a luminescent device using the same, and provides a body, a total reflection surface with a total reflection slope with respect to a central axis of the body, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) formed to extend from a periphery of the total reflection surface; and a luminescent device including the lens. According to the present invention, a lens with total internal reflection surfaces with different slopes, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) allows light emitted forward from a luminescent chip to be guided to a side of the lens. Further, a linear surface(s) formed in a direction perpendicular or parallel to a central axis of a lens and a curved surface are formed on an edge of the lens so that a process of fabricating the lens is facilitated, thereby reducing a defective rate and fabrication costs of the lens.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a lens array imaging optics for a line sensor module comprising at least two lens arrays (100, 200) and a black mask (700) arranged between the two lens arrays (100, 200), the black mask (700) being configured to avoid overlap of sub-images of adjacent lens elements (110) of the at least two lens arrays (100, 200) in an image segment (410) of an image plane (400).

Abstract: An image acquiring apparatus for acquiring images of a sample includes a macro image acquiring unit 20 for acquiring a macro image of the sample, a dark field light source 26 to be used for acquiring a dark field macro image of the sample as a macro image, a macro image processing unit 66 which generates a reference macro image by processing image data of the macro image, and an image pickup condition setting unit 65 which sets an image acquiring range corresponding to a range including an object of image acquisition as an image pickup condition of a micro image of the sample by referring to the reference macro image. This realizes an image acquiring apparatus, an image acquiring method, and an image acquiring program by which a macro image of a sample as an object of image acquisition is preferably acquired.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a projection objective for lithography includes an optical arrangement of optical elements between an object plane and an image plane. The arrangement generally has at least one intermediate image plane, the arrangement further having at least two correction elements for correcting aberrations, of which a first correction element is arranged optically at least in the vicinity of a pupil plane and a second correction element is arranged in a region which is not optically near either a pupil plane or a field plane.