Abstract: When a wireless communications device intends to communicate with another device over a wide channel consisting of multiple narrow channels, but detects interference on one or more of those narrow channels, it may restrict subsequent communications with that other device to those narrow channels that don't suffer from the interference. In one embodiment the device may simply refuse to monitor the interfering channel(s) for signals for a particular period of time. In another embodiment the device may use a CTS to signal the other device not to use the interfering narrow channel(s). That may result in using a wide channel with a reduced bandwidth for communications.

Abstract: A radio terminal, radio base station, channel signal forming method and channel signal receiving method wherein when an upstream unit band and a plurality of downstream unit bands associated therewith are used to perform communications, the quality of downstream assignment control information can be prevented from being degraded. In a base station (100), the PDCCH signals including upstream assignment control information are limited to ones that are placed in some of the downstream unit bands. This can reduce the probability of performance of zero padding to downstream assignment control information having greater importance. Also in the base station (100), the PDCCH signals of the downstream unit bands other than the basic unit band include only downstream resource assignment information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for block acknowledgements with reduced recipient state information are described. In one embodiment, the method comprises the storing of a receive state for a block of frames received during a transmission opportunity (TXOP) with an on-chip state memory. Once stored, an immediate block acknowledgement, including the receive state information, may be transmitted to an originator according to a block acknowledgement request (BAR) received during the TXOP. In the embodiments described, the BAR is received during the TXOP in which the block of data frames were transmitted to a recipient. In one embodiment, the recipient is free to discard the receive state information to free space within the on-chip system memory by requiring the originator to maintain the receive state information of blocks of data frames transmitted during TXOPs. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for policing a Quality of Service (QoS) flow in a MoCA network are provided. The network may include a sending node, a receiving node and a network controller. The network controller may allocate a QoS flow between the sending node and the receiving node. The sending node may request bandwidth for the QoS flow from the network controller. QoS requests have a higher priority than some other requests and may swamp the network. The sending node therefore polices its use of the network. First, the sending node computes a policing time period Tpp. Next the sending node computes a packet and bit allocation for the use of the network during a Tpp. Last the sending node sends reservation requests to the network controller when the allocation of packet or bits has not been exceeded. If any allocation has been exceeded the sending node reserves bandwidth via opportunistic reservation requests which have a lower priority than some other requests.

Abstract: An exemplary system includes a service provider configured to provide a network service to a local device via a network, and a plurality of mobile devices, where each mobile device is configured to establish a wireless connection with the network. Such an exemplary system also includes a router in selective communication with the local device and the plurality of mobile devices. The router may be configured to establish a local connection with each of the plurality of mobile devices, and receive a request for a network service from the local device. In addition, the router may be configured to provide the requested network service to the local device via the wireless connection.

Abstract: A full duplex/half duplex mismatch is detected by a full duplex/half duplex mismatch detecting apparatus connected through a network to a host. The loss rate of the transmission of a check messages is compared according to a sequential transmission pattern and the loss rate of the transmission of the check message according to divided transmission patterns by the full duplex/half duplex mismatch detecting apparatus, and if the loss rate of the transmission of the check messages according to the sequential transmission pattern is the larger, a full duplex/half duplex mismatch is determined to be present on the network path.

Abstract: A system for bandwidth management and codec negotiation, according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a configuration storage module having supported codecs storage, codec lists and preferred site settings storage, and a call manager having an extension module, a trunk module, a location service engine, a codec manager, a bandwidth manager, and a media manager. The codec manager and the bandwidth manager used for negotiating a codec for a call between two endpoints. The present invention also includes a number of methods including a method for negotiating a codec for a call, a method for managing bandwidth for a call, a method for adding a description of a new codec supported by an endpoint, a method for adding an identifier of a supported codec to a codec list and a method for editing code site codec settings.

Abstract: Spread spectrum clock generators and electronic devices including the same are provided. An electronic device may include a memory and a first circuit block configured to output a first spread spectrum clock signal and a first address for accessing the memory. The electronic device may include a second circuit block configured to operate in response to a second spread spectrum clock signal, and configured to output a second address for accessing the memory. The electronic device may include a spread spectrum clock signal generator configured to receive the first spread spectrum clock signal to generate the second spread spectrum clock signal. The memory may be configured to compare the first and second addresses to each other to output a clock generator control signal corresponding to a difference between the first and second addresses.

Abstract: A packet diversion method and a DPI device are disclosed in the present invention. The method includes: receiving a packet, where the packet contains a user identifier; according to the user identifier and preset first correspondence between the user identifier and a service type, searching for the service type corresponding to the user identifier in the packet; adding an inner virtual local area network Vlan header to the packet according to the service type, preset second correspondence between a service type and a slave device identifier, and preset third correspondence between a slave device identifier and each bit in a diversion identifier field; and diverting the packet to a corresponding slave device according to the diversion identifier in the diversion identifier field. The inner Vlan header carrying the diversion identifier field is added to the packet, to indicate diversion of the packet in a same cluster.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radio base station (102) and method in a radio base station of a cellular communications system (100) for controlling self-interference. The radio base station (102) supports communication with a user equipment (101) using multiple uplink and multiple downlink carriers (104a, 104b, 105a, 105b). The method comprises detecting a degraded downlink performance on a downlink carrier (105a) due to self-interference by determining that a set of predefined conditions applies. The method further comprises executing, in response to detection of the degraded downlink performance, an action to reduce self-interference between the uplink and downlink carriers (104a, 104b, 105a, 105b). The action is one of: uplink scheduling to reduce self-interference, deactivation of a secondary uplink carrier (14a, 104b), deactivation of a secondary downlink carrier (105a, 105b), and initiation of carrier reconfiguration to reduce self-interference.

Abstract: A method for automatic management of a timestamp-based synchronization protocol within a packet-based network to synchronize a slave within a synchronization topology including a plurality of masters, the slave clock being locked to a master clock at an initialization time, said method comprising an assessment step of end-to-end packet delay variation on the basis of the slave clock accuracy, over a plurality of (slave, path, master) combinations, each path linking the slave to a master.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with echo cancellation are described. According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a cable tester that determines whether a fault in a cable exists by using echo cancellation values.

Abstract: A system and machine-implemented method are described for performing precoding interpolation in a DIDO system which employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and DIDO precoding to communicate with a plurality of distributed-input-distributed-output (DIDO) clients. For example, a system according to one embodiment of the invention comprises: selecting a first subset of ODFM tones to determine a first subset of precoding weights; deriving a second subset of precoding weights for a second subset of ODFM tones by interpolating between the first subset of precoding weights; and using a combination of the first subset of precoding weights and the second subset of precoding weights to precode a data stream prior to transmitting the data stream to a DIDO client.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing half duplex user equipment in a packet based radio frequency signaling communication system. User equipment with half duplex receiver and half duplex transmitter on IC providing a transceiver capability performs a cycle of receiving downlink messages for a predetermined number of sub frames, shifting to a transmit mode, transmitting uplink messages for the predetermined number of sub frames, shifting to a receive mode, and repeating the cycle of half duplex sub frames. A discontinuous reception function performs a DRX protocol wherein power is reduced to the transceiver for a period of time. A determination is made at the end of the discontinuous reception period to see if the half duplex cycle is at an uplink sub frame; if so, the end of the discontinuous reception is shifted by the user equipment to a downlink sub frame by adding a delay.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a destination credit management unit (CMU) that is coupled to source clients and a destination client and manages the transmission of credits associated with the destination client to the source clients. The destination CMU receives credits from the destination client as memory spaces within the destination client free up and transmits the credits to source clients as credits are consumed by the source clients. When a data packet is received from a source client, the destination CMU returns a credit to the source client if a credit is available. If a credit is not available, then the destination CMU stalls the source client until a credit becomes available. Credits are transmitted to stalled source clients in the order in which the source clients were stalled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to a transceiver (100) of a telecommunications system capable in exchanging protocol data units (PDUs) with another transceiver(s). Each PDU being identified using a sequence number. The transceiver, according to the present invention, is arranged to receive from the other transceiver a status report indicating positively acknowledged PDUs and negatively acknowledged PDUs. The transceiver (100) is further configured to compare sequence numbers in the report with previously acquired sequence numbers from previous reports and to prevent retransmissions of one or several PDUs based on the comparison.

Abstract: In a high-frequency module, first, second and third duplexers are aligned and mounted on a top surface of a multilayer body. The second duplexer, the frequency band of which is spaced apart from those of the first duplexer and the third duplexer, is arranged between the first duplexer and the third duplexer, the frequency bands of which are close to each other. This causes the spacing between the first and third duplexers, the frequencies of signals transmitted and received through which are close to each other, to be increased to suppress or prevent unnecessary electromagnetic field coupling between the first and third duplexers. In addition, also with the second duplexer, the frequency band of which is spaced apart from those of the first and third duplexers and which exists between the first and third duplexers, the unnecessary electromagnetic field coupling is suppressed or prevented between the first and third duplexers.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) front end (FE) that is adapted for multiband simultaneous transmission and reception is provided. The UE FE includes a first multi-filter device having a transmit (TX) band-pass filter adapted to pass a first TX signal band associated with a first radio access technology type, and a receive (RX) band-pass filter adapted to pass a second RX signal band associated with a second radio access technology type. The UE FE also includes a second multi-filter device having a TX band-pass filter adapted to pass a second TX signal band associated with the second radio access technology type and an RX band-pass filter adapted to pass the first RX signal band associated with the first radio access technology type. The first radio access technology type and the second radio access technology type are preferably long term evolution (LTE) and code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), respectively, or vice versa.

Abstract: According to a first aspect the invention relates to a device forming a central controller (C) intended to be linked to a remote peripheral (P1-PN) by way an electrical power line (L), comprising a power transmitter (1) and a low-pass litter (CC—BF) arranged between the power transmitter and the electrical line, as well as means for transmitting/receiving data (3) in baseband and a high-pass filter (CC—HF) arranged between the data transmission/reception means and the electrical line, the electrical line being of the kind mutualized for the transmission of power at low frequency from the central controller to the remote peripheral and for the simultaneous bidirectional transmission of data in baseband at high frequency between the central controller and the remote peripheral.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed that secure data transmission in a communications system employed to control safety-relevant processes, through the provision of cooperating evaluators arranged in a shared manner in communications stations in order to evaluate safety-oriented data in a simple and cost-effective way. In the disclosed method, a data report is transmitted from a first station, by means of a communications system designed for serial data transmission, to a second station and said data report is checked by means of a second evaluator arranged in the second station. Depending on the results of the check of the data report, an acknowledgement report is transmitted from the second station to the first station, which acknowledgement report likewise is checked by the evaluator arranged in the first station. Furthermore, the disclosed system carries out the method.

Abstract: For establishing a multimedia session with a remote user's terminal, a terminal starts a signaling intended to establish the multimedia session addressed to the remote user's terminal. Predetermined acknowledgement messages indicate to the terminal and to the remote terminal that the multimedia session is established. The terminal and/or the remote terminal run at least a module of a multimedia application before reception of the predetermined acknowledgement messages.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for beam forming transmission, comprising the following steps: the eNB mapping the downlink data of the user and the UE-specific reference signals carried in the DwPTS Field for beam forming transmission according to the preset mapping structure, and performing the beam forming process; the eNB performing the resource mapping on results of the beam forming process result, primary synchronization signal, control signaling, Cell specific reference signal and other user data to form the DwPTS Field data; and the eNB sending the DwPTS Field data to the UE. The present invention further discloses a system and a corresponding device for beam forming transmission. The present invention can realize beam forming transmission in the Special Field DwPTS and improve the performance of the system without introducing a new user UE-specific reference signal mapping structure, which is simple to be realized.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes an integrated full-duplex transceiver, which may be implemented on a single substrate or die. A single substrate may in turn, comprise, an I/O port configured for full-duplex operation, a transmit portion and a receive portion, a first mixer for up-converting a transmit signal, a second mixer for down-converting a receive signal, a first independently tunable local oscillator that drives the first mixer, and a second independently tunable local oscillator that drives the second mixer. The first independently tunable oscillator may facilitate up-conversion of a transmit IF signal, while a second independently tunable oscillator may facilitate down-conversion of a receive RF signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method for wireless communication which includes transmitting codewords according to an initial transmission rank, receiving downlink transmissions indicating at least one of the codewords to be retransmitted, constructing a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) to be sent with the at least one codeword to be retransmitted, and retransmitting the at least one codeword with the DM-RS according to a retransmission rank. The downlink transmissions may include one or more physical hybrid automatic retransmission request indicator channels and the DM-RS may be constructed based at least in part on information in the downlink transmissions.

Abstract: A host device and a slave device are set to a full-duplex mode by temporarily switching the communication direction of a first transmission channel or a second transmission channel after completing transmission and reception of a predetermined number of data packets in the half-duplex mode. The host device or the slave device can thus transmit an interrupt request, such as a request associated with a wait status or a busy status, to its communication target using the temporary full-duplex mode. This enables the host device or the slave device to process such an interrupt request during high-speed data transfer performed in the half-duplex mode.

Abstract: An apparatuses and methods of setting power back-off of a master transceiver and a slave transceiver is disclosed. One example of a method includes the master transceiver determining a master power back-off, and the slave transceiver determining a slave power back-off based on signals received from the master transceiver, and based on the master power back-off. One example of an apparatus includes a master transceiver and slave transceiver system. The slave transceiver is connected to the master transceiver through a cable. The master transceiver includes means for determining a master power back-off. The slave transceiver includes means for determining a slave power back-off based on signals received from the master transceiver, and based on the master power back-off.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes obtaining an indication that a state associated with a node is to be changed and preventing data from being received on a first link. The method also includes updating at least one selected from a group including an incoming interface check (IIC) table and an outgoing interface (OIF) table to reflect the state. The state indicates that a second link is to be activated. Finally, the method includes allowing the data to be received on the second link after updating either or both the IIC table and the OIF table and after the timer duration for the NULL value for IIC has expired.

Abstract: A two conductor hard wired communications link accepts an actual value of at least one parameter of interest from an environmental sensor in the form of data encoded on the conductors via current modulation. The sensor is mounted in location remote from an irrigation controller. A circuit connected to the sensor transmits an RF signal representing an actual value of a parameter of interest detected by the sensor. A data relay is connected to the hard wired communication link of the irrigation controller. The data relay includes a receiver that receives the RF signal, and circuitry configured to extract the actual value of the parameter of interest and emulate a predetermined set of physical and protocol properties of the hard wired communication link of the irrigation controller.

Abstract: According to an Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (E-MBMS) service method of the present invention, an E-MBMS service is received from a first base station. If neighbor cell MBMS control information is modified in the first base station, MBMS paging information, including a factor informing that the neighbor cell MBMS control information has been modified, is received from the first base station. When an MBMS control information update cycle is reached, modified neighbor cell MBMS control information is received from the first base station and is stored. When a user equipment moves from the first base station to a second base station, a P-T-M radio bearer is reset based on the stored neighbor cell MBMS control information and receiving the E-MBMS service from the second base station. Accordingly, the consumption of battery power can be reduced, and an E-MBMS service being services is not interrupted although a user equipment moves.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus performs bi-directional communication with an initiator. The apparatus is allocated an allocation period for data transmission from the initiator. The apparatus includes means for generating a first physical frame including an acknowledgement frame with respect to data received from the initiator, and generating a second physical frame in which a plurality of transmission data frames addressed to the initiator are aggregated. The apparatus also includes means for transmitting the first physical frame at a first transmission rate and the second physical frame at a second transmission rate, during the allocation period.

Abstract: A master node (12) sends an identification signal for designating a communication channel in an identification signal time slot. When the own node matches the node in which the communication channel designated by the identification signal sent from the master node (12) is set in the identification signal time slot, the master node (12) and slave nodes (131 to 13n) each perform data transmission via the communication channel, based on the set contents of the communication channel, in the data transmission time slot corresponding to the identification signal time slot in which the identification signal has been sent.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a downlink reference signal in a wireless communication system supporting multiple antennas is disclosed. A method for transmitting Channel State Information-Reference Signals (CSI-RSs) for eight or less antenna ports includes selecting one of a plurality of CSI-RS Resource Element (RE) groups defined on a data region of a downlink subframe and mapping CSI-RSs for the eight or less antenna ports to the selected CSI-RS RE group, and transmitting the downlink subframe in which the CSI-RSs for the eight or less antenna ports are mapped. The plurality of CSI-RS RE groups is defined such that a transmission diversity RE pair for data transmitted on the downlink subframe is not broken.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing Digital-to-Analog Conversion (DAC) bits at a transmitter of a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system reduces a number of the bits for conversion so as to save power and reduce the cost of operation. The method can include generating a digital signal gain control value and an analog signal gain control value using subcarrier allocation information, a required Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), and a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR); controlling a gain of a signal input to a digital-to-analog converter using the digital signal gain control value; converting a digital signal of the controlled gain to an analog signal using the digital-to-analog converter; and restoring an original signal by controlling a gain of a signal output from the digital-to-analog converter using the analog signal gain control value.

Abstract: A method performed by a network device may include determining a transmission bit rate associated with a content, determining a bit rate of a network, determining a number of data streams to be transmitted through the network based on the determined bit rate, where a combined bit rate of the number of data streams is equal to or greater than the determined transmission bit rate, receiving the number of data streams transmitted through the network and reassembling the number of data streams to provide a single data stream of the content.

Abstract: Provided is a high-frequency module that can prevent a transmission signal from reaching a reception circuit and that can achieve high mounting density. A first duplexer 110 for a first frequency band is mounted on a circuit substrate 200, and a second transmission filter 122 and a second reception filter 124 that constitute a second duplexer 120 for a second frequency band are embedded in the circuit substrate 200. The second transmission filter 122 and the second reception filter 124 are embedded in the circuit substrate in locations that overlap at least a part of a projection region that is formed by projecting the first duplexer 110 in a thickness direction of the circuit substrate. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are separated from each other by at least a prescribed frequency range.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving control information in a broadband wireless communication system using Half Frequency Division Duplex (H-FDD) are provided. An operation of a Mobile Station (MS) includes, in the case of a frame at which control information is not transmitted, performing uplink communication at a front end of the frame and, in the case of a frame at which the control information is transmitted, performing downlink communication at a front end of the frame.

Abstract: Internet Protocol (IP) audio conferencing bridging provisioning/configuration systems receive a service order request associated with a customer, where the service order request requests enrollment of the customer in a Virtual Private Network (VPN) bridging network service for IP Audio Conferencing. The provisioning/configuration systems orchestrate, based on the service order request, configuration of multiple network nodes in a network that provides the VPN bridging network service for IP Audio Conferencing to the customer to enable IP audio conferencing calls to be made from the customer via the network.

Abstract: Embodiments of a wireless device and method for channel access are generally described herein. In some embodiments, the wireless device is configured to measure channel quality and set a backoff delay for channel access based on the channel quality. Shorter backoff delays are set for better channel quality and longer backoff delays are set for poorer channel quality.

Abstract: A wireless data transmission method is disclosed, in which a transmitter buffers current RLC layer data. The method includes the following steps: the transmitter transmits the current RLC layer data to a receiver; receives a data-receiving packet indicating that the data is incorrectly received, the physical layer of the receiver generated and fed back by the physical layer of the receiver if a physical layer of the receiver determines that the data is incorrectly received; and transmits the buffered current RLC layer data to the receiver. A transmitting system and a receiving system are further disclosed. The method of the present disclosure may enhance the data transmission speed over the RLC layer.

Abstract: A system architecture for managing a telecommunication network includes network equipment and supported network services, wherein the equipment has associated control interfaces. The architecture has a base layer proxying the interfaces and decoupling them from management functions, and a support layer having a community of agents co-ordinating operation of the base layer in order to support distributed management functionalities. The base layer and the support layer constitute separated superposed layers in the architecture. The layers in the architecture preferably include components adapted to perform respective functions based on respective instruction information provided to them. A data base is provided for storing the instruction information. The architecture is arranged for distributing the instruction information from the data base to the components. Preferably, all the layers in the architecture include process executors.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for symmetric transmit and receive latencies in an energy efficient PHY are provided. In this regard, a delay introduced by a PHY of a network device for outbound traffic and a delay introduced by the PHY for inbound traffic may be controlled such that a transmit delay of the network device is equal, within a tolerance, to a receive latency of the network device. The delays may be controlled based on whether one or more energy efficiency features are enabled in the PHY. The delay introduced by the PHY for outbound traffic may be controlled based on an amount of buffered inbound traffic. The delay introduced by the PHY for inbound traffic may be controlled based on an amount of buffered outbound traffic. The delays may be controlled such that said receive latency and the transmit latency are approximately constant regardless of a mode of operation of the network device.

Abstract: There are provided measures for enabling transmission mode control for inter-hand multi-carrier capable devices, such as inter-band carrier aggregation capable devices. Such measure may exemplarily include acquiring at least one output power restriction value for a cumulative output power for a combination of at least two uplink carriers of a terminal device. The two uplink carriers operate on different bands, at the terminal device, and perform transmission mode control in terms of switching between an uplink carrier combination transmission mode and a single uplink carrier transmission mode using the acquired at least one output power restriction value at the terminal device.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is disclosed. The UE includes a processor configured to begin channel quality indicator (CQI) transmissions using an assigned periodic CQI reporting resource before the start of the on-duration of a discontinuous reception (DRX) operation mode.

Abstract: A system manages a buffer having a group of entries. The system receives information relating to a read request for a memory. The system determines whether an entry in the buffer contains valid information. If the entry is determined to contain valid information, the system transmits the information in the entry in an error message. The system may then store the received information in the entry. In another implementation, the system stores data in one of the entries of the buffer, removes an address corresponding to the one entry from an address list, and starts a timer associated with the one entry. The system also determines whether the timer has exceeded a predetermined value, transferring the data from the one entry when the timer has exceeded the predetermined value, and adds the address back to the address list.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for handling system information change. When the system information changes, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be running a procedure. Depending on the nature of the system information, the WTRU may not need to interrupt the procedure to update the system information.

Abstract: An RF (radio frequency) combiner utilizes RF filtering cavities and transmission paths incorporated into an RF impervious material. This allows traditional stand-alone multiplexers to be integrated into a single device without using signal loss-inducing cables and connections between the multiplexers. The simplicity of the RF combiner allows for RF filters to be milled out of the same RF impervious material without requiring an external RF connection and avoids a cascading of multiple RF filters. In one instance, the RF combiner is employed with two BTS (base transceiver stations) to allow the sharing of antennas without the power losses associated with traditional cascading duplexers.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the configuration of substation remote terminals with a central controller are provided. A message identifying a current status of a remote terminal unit (“RTU”) associated with a remote power substation may be received by a central controller associated with a power system. Based upon an analysis of the received message, a request for configuration data associated with the RTU may be communicated by the central controller to the RTU. In response to the request, the configuration data may be received by the central controller from the RTU. Based upon the received configuration data, the central controller may update a configuration database comprising information associated with the configuration of the RTU. In this regard, supervisory control and data acquisitions operations with the RTU by the central controller may be facilitated.

Abstract: A method for indicating discontinuous data scheduling includes receiving discontinuous reception (DRX) indication information on an Iur interface; and sending discontinuous scheduling indication information to a base station according to the DRX indication information. A communication system and a radio network control device for implementing the method are also provided.

Abstract: A system includes a signal processing module and a control module. The signal processing module receives a first clear channel assessment (CCA) signal for a first sub-channel of a communication channel, increases a pulse width of the first CCA signal by a predetermined period of time, and generates a second CCA signal. The control module receives the second CCA signal and a third CCA signal for a second sub-channel of the communication channel. The control module transmits data via one of the second sub-channel and the communication channel based on the second and third CCA signals.

Abstract: An active antenna array for a mobile communications system is disclosed which comprises a plurality of receive paths in which an individual one of the receive paths is connected between an antenna element and an analogue to digital converter and wherein the analogue to digital converter digitises a receive signal to form a digitised receive signal. The active antenna array further comprises a sounding signal generator for generating a sounding signal in which the sounding signal is supplied to at least two of the plurality of receive paths and a receive signal subtraction device for subtracting a wanted signal from the digitised receive signal.