Abstract: Multiplexing of information from a plurality of information flows into fixed-length packets such as, but not limited to, MPEG packets allows efficient utilization of bandwidth and also can be used to reduce transmission latency. In addition, utilizing MPEG packets and transport streams for octet multiplexing allows the packets carrying octet-multiplexed data to easily be integrated with other MPEG packets for other services that are commonly found in cable transmission networks of all coax, hybrid fiber coax, and/or all fiber. The multiplexing/demultiplexing of octets using MPEG packets generally is described by mappings that specify the use of octets in MPEG packets. Changes to allocations in a map generally should be propagated in a way that reliably ensures that both the transmitter and receiver have a consistent view of the octet mappings.

Abstract: A device and method for interfacing with an advanced switching (AS) platform is provided. In the uplink direction the device includes: a line side interface processing module, which receives SDH/SONET frames and conducts frame header searching and descrambling; a de-framing processing module, which de-frames the descrambled frames to obtain the payloads; a packaging module, which packages the obtained payloads into AS packets according to the packet format of the AS platform and transmits the AS packets to the AS platform through the AS interface processing module. In the downlink direction the device includes: an AS interface processing module, which receives AS packets switched by the AS platform; an un-packaging module, which conducts un-packaging to obtain the payloads of the AS packets; a mapping module, which maps the payloads into SDH/SONET frames; a line side interface processing module, which scrambles the SDH/SONET frames and transmits the frames to the SDH/SONET network.

Abstract: An approach is provided for an efficient control signaling associated with an error control scheme. A determination is made whether data has been properly received according to an error control scheme. A first pilot sequence representing an acknowledgement is generated if the data is properly received. A second pilot sequence representing a negative acknowledgement is generated if the data is not properly received. A frame including either the first pilot sequence or the second pilot sequence is output.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an Ethernet access device and method thereof. The device includes at least two downlink physical port units, a multiplex/demultiplex unit and an uplink physical port unit. The downlink physical port unit is adapted to convert between a low-speed physical layer signal input to/output from the access device and a low-speed physical layer load carried therein; the uplink physical port unit is adapted to convert a high-speed physical layer signal input to/output from the access device and a high-speed physical layer load carried therein; and the multiplex/demultiplex unit is adapted to multiplex and demultiplex between the low-speed physical layer load of the downlink physical port unit and the high-speed physical layer load of the uplink physical port unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, devices, and systems that provide the ability to playback multiple VoIP audio streams simultaneously with a single RTP session and further provides the ability to conference all streams together prior to transmission. More specifically, the present invention focuses on the transport layer and sample-based multiplexing employed to provide this capability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bandwidth control apparatus, a bandwidth control method, and a bandwidth control system for effective utilization of bandwidths resource in data transmission. The bandwidth control apparatus measures downstream effective bit rate of own access lines and notifies downstream effective bit rate information of each access line to a remote bandwidth control apparatus which communicates with the bandwidth control apparatus via a network. The bandwidth control apparatus allocates and controls upstream bandwidths of own access lines on the basis of corresponding downstream effective bit rate information of access lines notified from remote bandwidth control apparatus via the networks.

Abstract: Provided is a time switch capable of allowing a user to readily set up or change a schedule. For this purpose, a chassis 30 of the time switch 10 has same size (i.e., two-row-module size) as that obtained by arranging two three-module sized implanted type wiring devices in two lines along a minor width direction, and installation frame pieces 38 are protruded from both of upper and lower side walls. In addition, each installation frame piece 38 has a long hole 38a for inserting a box screw fastened to the implanted type box (not shown) implanted on the installation surface or a fastener hole combined with a fastener.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for the restoration of an optical mesh network subsequent to the simultaneous failing of a large number of network connections due to a transmission failure. The system and method increase the restoration speed of a large number of failed network connections through connection aggregation. The system and method provide that connection aggregation is the logical bundling of a plurality of network connections across a network span. By enabling the bundling of these individual network connections transported over a particular span or spans, a network operator manages the bundle as if it were one network connection. The method and system provide that other network links support these bundled connections when the network segment that a managed bundle is traversing fails.

Abstract: A method and system that enables multiplexing a plurality of data streams onto one data stream based on data stream priorities and available transport frame combinations (TFCs) is disclosed. A mobile station has applications that produce separate data streams. Example applications include voice, signaling E-mail and web applications. The data streams are combined by a multiplexer module into one data stream called the transport stream. The transport stream is sent over the reverse link to base station transceivers (BTS). The multiplexer module multiplexes the data streams onto the transport stream according to their priorities and the available TFCs.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and a transport re-encapsulator/tagger for delivering streaming media to customer premises equipment. A digital streaming media system broadcasts streaming media to provider networks which use middleware which has certain requirements for the transport encapsulation and tagging of headers of the streaming media. The invention provides for re-encapsulating/tagging of media broadcasts having one type of transport encapsulation/tagging into a type of transport encapsulation/tagging required by the middleware.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a method and a portable communication device (200) for forming a real time output media stream by mixing a first real time media stream with a second media stream. Provision of mixing of media streams provides a number of attractive functions, for instance. This invention concerns how to increase the usage of a mobile VT application and how to be able to handle integrity issues when used in a portable communication device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching, merging, and demerging data between data communication locations have been disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for processing of MPEG transport streams. Specifically, the system may receive a variable bit rate input transport stream with one or more programs. The variable bit rate transport stream is converted into a constant bit rate stream with compliant Program Clock References. Null packets are added to the transport stream at suitable locations to pad it to a constant bit rate. Program clock reference packets are re-stamped to ensure all timing requirements are met.

Abstract: A data transfer circuit is provided for sending digital data at high rates across short but significant distances within an integrated circuit. The data is sent on parallel conductors that are divided into a number of groups. At the receiving end, a multiplexer selects each of the groups in turn and presents them at a set of conductors that are the same in number as one of the groups. At the transmitting end, a data marshalling circuit takes the bitstream to be transmitted and places it on the conductors in a particular redundant fashion so that the bitstream appears to advance across the set of outputs of the multiplexer. That is particularly useful where those outputs are presented to a pre-emphasis filter and line driver. The apparent data rate can be changed by making two or more of the groups of conductors have identical data.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting transmission system according to an embodiment, including a plurality of single program encoders configured to encode and multiplex respective single programs including video and audio signals and data signals, a PSIP generator configured to generate PSIP (program and system information protocol), the PSIP providing detailed information on video and audio broadcasting programs and data broadcasting programs to be multiplexed in the single program encoders, a multiple program multiplexer configured to multiplex a digital broadcasting stream transmitted from the plurality of signal program encoders and the PSIP transmitted from the PSIP generator, and a transmitter configured to transmit digital broadcasting signals multiplexed in the multiple program multiplexer.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting system and method of processing data are disclosed. Herein, a method of processing data of a transmitting system includes generating a service informative null packet including service-related information of mobile service data, and multiplexing a plurality of main service data packets, a plurality of mobile service data packets, and a plurality of service informative null packets, and transmitting the multiplexed data packets to at least one transmitter located in a remote site. The digital broadcasting system and method of processing data may enhance receiving performance of a receiving system by performing additional encoding on mobile service data and by transmitting the processed data to the receiving system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhanced uplink multiplexing are disclosed. A set of combinations of MAC-d flows (and/or logical channels) that are allowed to be multiplexed within a MAC-e PDU is defined for a WTRU. The WTRU MAC-e entity selects a combination among a set of allowed combinations for multiplexing MAC-d flows for each MAC-e PDU. Certain MAC-d flow combinations may be defined that can not be blocked from transmission even when the WTRU is in a transmit power restricted state. The amount of data from each logical channel or corresponding MAC-d flow that can be multiplexed within a MAC-e PDU may be defined to ensure guaranteed data rates. When the WTRU is in a restricted power condition, an indication of the restricted power condition may be passed to the Node-B with the EU transmission.

Abstract: Multiplexers are basic components widely used in VLSI designs. Switching activities of a multiplexer are one of the most important factors of power consumption. A multiplexer may have some sub-multiplexers. An extra dynamic controller is applied in the present invention to reconfigure control signals for decreasing switching activities of the composed sub-multiplexers. Thus, the power consumption of the multiplexer is reduced to achieve higher power efficiency.

Abstract: An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for use with a programmable I/O module includes programmable circuitry that enables the ASIC to be configured to support various different I/O functions. The ASIC includes a pin interface, a data interface, a digital section, and an analog section. The pin interface supports analog and digital signal communication and the data interface supports digital data communication. The digital section includes registers for storing digital data such as configuration commands, signal control commands, and digital signal information. The analog section is in electrical signal communication with pin interface and digital data communication with the registers.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for increasing transmission capacity for large-capacity high-speed signal transmission in an optical transport network (OTN). A method and apparatus for increasing transmission capacity are needed, which can transmit a large-capacity high-speed signal in order to transmit a signal through a united OTN by adapting signals from various tributary signal networks which have been independently operated for voice, image, or data transmission. Although various types of techniques such as Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), and an optical Printed Circuit Board (PCB) method have been performed, the techniques have various limitations. Therefore, a method and apparatus is provided for embodying a large-capacity optical transmission network, which overcome the limitations by using a Virtual Concatenation (VC) method.

Abstract: Integrated communications systems having a scalable or upgradable TDM switch fabric (i.e., e.g., TDM-controlling switch/MUX) are disclosed. At a first point in time a system is first sold, installed and utilized with a first TDM capacity, using a first TDM switch/MUX controlling a first set of TDM streams operating at a first frequency. A first set of line and other cards (e.g., DSP resources) are provided to provide or receive the first set of TDM streams. At a second point in time the system is upgraded by installation of a second TDM switch/MUX; the second TDM switch MUX controls the first set of TDM streams operating at the first frequency and also controls a second set of TDM streams operating at second frequency, which is a frequency different and preferably higher as compared to the first frequency.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for transporting a serial stream via a lower speed network using multiple parallel paths. At a transmitter, an optical or electromagnetic waveform is accepted representing a serial stream of digital information, and unbundled into n virtual information streams. Each virtual information stream is divided into a sequence of segments. Each segment is encapsulated, creating a sequence of packets by adding a start indicator to the beginning of each segment, and a terminate indicator to the end of each segment. Each packet is disinterleaved across m lanes and reinterleaved into n branches of framed data. Optical or electromagnetic waveforms representing the framed data are transmitted via n network branches. A receiver is also provided, which essentially reverses the above-described transmission method.

Abstract: A host device interfacing with a point of deployment (POD) and a method of processing a broadcasting data are disclosed. A broadband interface unit received a MPEG transport packet through a cable. A demodulator demodulates the received MPEG transport packet. An IP physical interface unit for received a frame including an internet protocol (IP) packet through a network. A routing engine transforms the frame to an IP packet and routs the IP packet based on a destination information included in the frame. And a multiplexer generates IP MPEG packet and CableCARD MPEG packet by appending a Packet Header carrying identification information and packet identification information to each of the IP packet and the demodulated MPEG transport packet, multiplexes the IP MPEG packet and the CableCARD MPEG packet and sends the multiplexed IP MPEG packet and CableCARD MPEG packet to the POD.

Abstract: Link-based source routing may be implemented using generic framing protocol (GFP) to enable GFP frames to contain a switching context that will allow them to be forwarded on a network without requiring state information to be distributed to interior network elements on the network. Source routes may be computed from network topography information obtained using OSPF or ISIS. An extension header type is added to the GFP frames to signal to the network elements that the GFP frame contains a link-based source route. The source route contains a vector of tunnel IDs and a pointer to the current hop, to enable the current tunnel ID to be determined. The tunnel IDs have local significance only, and hence state information is not required to be distributed on the network. A return route may be built by index substitution as the frame traverses the network.

Abstract: Provided is a time switch capable of allowing a user to readily set up or change a schedule. For this purpose, a chassis 30 of the time switch 10 has same size (i.e., two-row-module size) as that obtained by arranging two three-module sized implanted type wiring devices in two lines along a minor width direction, and installation frame pieces 38 are protruded from both of upper and lower side walls. In addition, each installation frame piece 38 has a long hole 38a for inserting a box screw fastened to the implanted type box (not shown) implanted on the installation surface or a fastener hole combined with a fastener.

Abstract: A system and method for adding auxiliary data DA to an output data stream from a statistical multiplexer is disclosed. An auxiliary multiplexer accepts a statistically multiplexed data stream, and substitutes auxiliary data packets for null data packets. The auxiliary multiplexer controls the number of null packets in the statistically multiplexed data stream by controlling the target bandwidth BT of the statistical multiplexer, or by modifying the statistical multiplexer equation to make the auxiliary data stream a participant in the negotiation process of allocating throughput among the data sources.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for negotiating a link data rate in a communication system using a plurality of data rates. In a system including a first device network-connected to a second device, auto-negotiation (AN) messages are mutually transmitted. The AN messages indicate rate information such as preferred data rate capabilities, if the device has a dual-rate capability, or a single data rate capabilities. If the AN messages are mutually transmitted, a negotiated link data rate is established. However, if one of the devices cannot send AN messages, the other device times-out, and a link data rate is established at the data rate transmitted by the device that is not AN-capable.

Abstract: A communication module system has an interface module for interconnection with at least one communication module, the interface module containing an input, via which the interface module receives first data and/or messages, a first transmission path and a second transmission path being provided in the interface module, a coupling element being provided in the second transmission path, which coupling element is implemented in such a way that the first data and/or messages are at least partially combined to form second data and/or messages.

Abstract: A packet communication network is connected between a first external network and a second external network. The packet communication network includes a classifier, a parallel network that includes a plurality of physically or logically independent networks, and a multiplexing router. The classifier classifies a packet input from the first external network to one of the networks in the parallel network. Each of the networks in the parallel network transmits the packet to the multiplexing router. The multiplexing router multiplexes a packet received from the networks in the parallel network and outputs the multiplexed packet to the second external network.

Abstract: A device is coupled to a first network and a second network and comprises a first storage element and a second storage element. The device stores data packets originating from the first network in the first storage element and stores data packets destined for the second network in the second storage element. In particular, the device slaves the writing of a data packet intended for the second network into the second storage element to the reading of the data packet from the first storage element so that the transfer time inside the device is constant for all the data packets.

Abstract: High-speed, high-performance, low-power transponders, serializers and deserializers are disclosed. A serializer may include a serdes framer interface (SFI) circuit, a clock multiplier unit, and a multiplexing circuit. A deserializer may include an input receiver circuit for receiving and adjusting an input data signal, a clock and data recovery circuit (CDR) for recovering clock and data signals, a demultiplexing circuit for splitting one or more data channels into a higher number of data channels, and a serdes framer interface (SFI) circuit for generating a reference channel and generating output data channels to be sent to a framer. The input receiver circuit may include a limiting amplifier. Each of the serializer and deserializer may further include a pseudo random pattern generator and error checker unit. The serializer and deserializer each may be integrated into its respective semiconductor chip or both may be integrated into a single semiconductor chip.

Abstract: In transmission of video signals of a plurality of channels using a digital interface in conformity with the high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) standard, a transmission minimized differential signaling (TMDS) mixing circuit and a TMDS separation circuit are provided, to perform time-division transmission of TMDS data of the video signals of the plurality of channels at a frequency higher than the transmission rate of the video signals. Video signals of a plurality of channels are therefore transmitted via an inexpensive type A connector and cable.

Abstract: A method, device, system, and computer readable medium are disclosed. In one embodiment the method includes dynamically associating a newly active port in a computer system with a first host controller. The first association happens when a total number of currently active ports in the computer system is less than a maximum capacity number of ports for the first host controller. The method also includes dynamically associating the newly active port in the computer system with a second host controller. The second association happens when the total number of currently active ports in the computer system is greater than or equal to the maximum capacity number of ports for the first host controller. In this method, each port, the first host controller, and second host controller all utilize the same protocol.

Abstract: A method and circuit for providing coherent phase noise including a clock receiver to receive a clock signal generated external to the circuit and a local clock source arranged on the circuit. The circuit further includes a selector to select an output of one of the clock receiver and the local clock source and a wireless transceiver responsive to an output of the selector.

Abstract: A method of preparing data streams to facilitate seamless switching between such streams by a switching device to produce an output data stream without any switching artifacts. Bi-directional switching between any plurality of data streams is supported. The data streams are divided into segments, wherein the segments include synchronized starting points and end points. The data rate is increased before an end point of a segment, to create switch gaps between the segments. Increasing the data rate can include increasing a bandwidth of the plurality of data streams, for example by multiplexing, or compressing the data. The present invention can be used, for example, with MPEG or AC-3 encoded audio and MPEG encoded video segments that are multiplexed into MPEG-2 transport streams. Also included are specific methods for preparing MPEG video streams and multiplexing MPEG video with MPEG or AC-3 audio streams to allow a receiver to create seamless transitions between individually encoded segments.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a transmission method in a wireless telecommunication system including at least a base station intended to communicate with terminals over bidirectional communication channels, each channel supporting frames being divided into downlink sub frames and uplink sub frames, each downlink sub frame including a number of symbols intended to be transmitted to at least two terminals, wherein the transfer of at least one supplementary symbol between the base station and at least one terminal that can receive or transmit the at least one supplementary symbol during the time delay is enabled. At least part of each symbol comprised in the sub frame are transferred according to a first transmission power coefficients and at least at least one supplementary symbol is transferred according to second transmission power coefficients.

Abstract: Methods (500, 800) and corresponding systems (100, 200, 300, 400, 900) for generating a pilot symbol (330) include providing an M-point parallel transform sequence that is a discrete Fourier transform of a CAZAC sequence (312, 504-508). The M-point parallel transform sequence (312) is distributed (316, 510) to a set of M subcarriers among N subcarriers to form an N-point frequency-domain sequence (318) wherein the M subcarriers are evenly spaced apart. An N-point inverse fast Fourier transform (320, 512) is performed to convert the N-point frequency-domain sequence to an N-point time-domain sequence (322). The N-point time-domain sequence is converted (324, 514) to a serial sequence (326), and a cyclic prefix is added (328, 516) to the serial sequence to form a pilot symbol (330).

Abstract: Various discovery techniques are described for physical media interface aggregation.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: An advanced video multiplexer system designed and optimized for next generation on-demand video distribution is described. The system optimizes identifies a multi-program transport stream best able to accommodate new seesions based upon Quality of Service (QoS) and QAM utilization ratios. MPTS channels are rebalanced via re-grouping and transrating as necessary to optimize bandwidth utilization. Multiple video formats are supported via built-in transcoding. The multiplexer manages encryption resources and supports new sessions using previously allocated encryption resources where possible. Sessions can be grouped into encryption channels either by using a single authorization tier per channel policy, or by requiring all clients of the group to be in physically separated service groups. Encryption channels can be released when a channel no longer serves any clients or when one or more other channels that have been assigned the same entitlement can accommodate any remaining clients.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for reducing the capacity of a Virtual Concatenation Group (VCG) and a VCG communication network. When a network management device sends a downlink-member removing command to remove a downlink member to a Sink in the VCG, the Sink receiving the downlink-member removing command in the VCG sends, to a Source, failure state information indicating that the downlink member will be removed; the Source receiving the failure state information in the VCG sends do-not-use information to the Sink indicating that the downlink member will not be used any longer, and the Sink removes the downlink member; the network management device sends an uplink-member removing command to remove an uplink member to the Source, the Source removes the uplink member which will not be used any longer. Thus, possibility of mis-operation can be avoided fundamentally and operational freedom of an operator is enhanced.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for matching Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) signals to an Optical Transport Hierarchy (OTH). The apparatus real-time records a source address and input port information of GbE Ethernet frames in a memory, compares a destination address of the Ethernet frame which is a payload of a GFP frame with memory table information, searches an output port location of the GbE, and interreceives GbE frames and Generic Frame Procedure (GFP) frames by multiplexing/demultiplexing.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: Methods for determining an inter-slot power level are disclosed. In one example embodiment, the inter-slot is positioned between first and second timeslots capable of transmitting modulated signals. A first timeslot power level and a second timeslot power level are first acquired. A power level of the inter-slot is then determined using the first and second timeslot power-levels. In this example embodiment, the inter-slot power level is maintained within a predetermined deviation from a specific range. The specific range is defined by the first and second timeslot power-levels.

Abstract: The multiplexing device includes a data conversion unit which receives input of at least one of a plurality of pieces of data and executes segmentation or concatenation processing with respect to the data as required to output data which fails to exceed a predetermined limited size and which is delimited by a delimitation of a predetermined data unit, a plurality of adaptation units which are disposed in plural corresponding to the plurality of pieces of data and output data from the data conversion unit to provide the corresponding data with a function of an adaptation layer according to properties of the data, and a multiplexing layer unit which multiplexes a plurality of pieces of data from the plurality of adaptation units and sends out the multiplexed data.

Abstract: Port multiplexing apparatus and methods are disclosed. Time slots in a time division multiplexing (TDM) scheme are allocated to transfer signals such as Ethernet or Fiber Channel packets associated with ports of a signal processing device. Signals associated with multiple ports are transferred between those ports and another signal processing device over a single logical link in accordance with the time slot allocation. An indication of the time slot allocation may also be transferred on the link, illustratively by replacing protocol overhead traffic to be transmitted on the link with allocation information. At a receiver, the replaced protocol overhead traffic may be substituted back into a received multiplexed signal. A port multiplexing apparatus may be controllable to operate in a multiplexing mode or in a non-multiplexing mode. Aspects of the invention may also be embodied in other forms, such as in a data structure stored on a machine-readable medium.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a system for transparent transport of optical channel transmission unit (OTU) signals via an optical transport network (OTN), which includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit at the OTN network boundary: the transmitting unit converts an OTUj signal mapping entering the OTN network into OTUk signals of the current OTN network for transmission. In the mean time, it reserves the OTUj control overhead, or extracts the OTUj control overhead and transfers it to the reserved overhead location; the receiving unit receives the OTUk signals arriving at the OTN network boundary, and performs demapping and converting them into OTUj signals.

Abstract: There is provided a DSL modem for integrating an analog voice band with DSL bands over a telephone line, where the analog voice band consists of 0-4 kHz frequency range, and the DSL bands consist of frequencies beyond 4 kHz. The DSL modem comprises a splitter configured to receive a telephone line signal from the telephone line and split the telephone line signal into an analog voice band signal and a DSL bands signal; a voice module configured to receive the analog voice band signal, digitize the analog voice band signal to generate digitized voice band signal and packetize digitized voice band signal into packetized voice band signal; a DSL module configured to receive the DSL bands signal and retrieve packetized DSL bands signal from DSL bands signal; and a multiplexer configured to multiplex packetized voice band signal and packetized DSL bands signal to generate multiplexed voice-DSL packets.

Abstract: There is disclosed a packet generator and method of generating a packet flow. The packet generator may include a plurality of parallel transmit engines to form packets for transmission and a multiplexer to coherently interleave packets formed by the plurality of transmit engines.