Abstract: A process is provided for removing hydrogen peroxide and oil out the exhaust gas emitted from a sterilization chamber, such as from a STERRAD® medical instrument sterilizer. The exhaust gas is passed through either alumina or a mass of metal wool, which sorbs the lubricating oil out of the exhaust gas, and then through alumina coated with a precious metal catalyst, such as Pd, Pt, Rh and alloys and compounds thereof, which decomposes the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The precious metal coating on the alumina may be sufficiently discontinuous to allow residual lubricating oil in the exhaust gas to be sorbed into the alumina.

Abstract: An exhaust gas catalyst especially for small two-stroke gasoline engines comprises a platinum group metal deposited on a refractory metal honeycomb support and is provided with a diffusion barrier coating which reduces conversion without reducing light-off temperatures. Prolonged catalyst life is shown when exposed to misfire conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out two chemical reactions in a reactor system comprising at least two mutually separate reactor beds, of which the surfaces exposed to the reactants are catalytically active for the chemical reactions concerned, and at least one partition; wherein at least one first reactor bed is present, which is bounded by at least one partition, which bed is based on a continuous porous structure extending throughout the reactor, and which bed is fixedly connected to said partition; wherein at least one second bed is preset, which is based on a continuous porous structure extending throughout the reactor, and which bed is fixedly connected to said partition, and said second bed, with respect to the first bed, is disposed on the other side of said partition, so that a heat-exchanging contact between said beds is present and the reaction heat of a first chemical reaction carried out in said first reactor bed is supplied or absorbed by carrying out a second chemical reaction in

Abstract: The claimed invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous formaldehyde solution comprising absorbing a formaldehyde-loaded gas stream, in an absorption zone, in an aqueous solution comprising from 0.000% to 0.01% by weight of a Bronsted base, based on the formaldehyde absorbed. The produced aqueous formaldehyde solution comprises: a) from 10 to 75% by weight of formaldehyde, b) from 0 to 500 ppm by weight of tetroxane, c) from 50 to 400 ppm by weight of formic acid, based on the formaldehyde absorbed, and d) from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of methanol, based on the formaldehyde absorbed.

Abstract: In a technique for eliminating organic pollutants from the passenger compartment of a vehicle by photocatalysis, the upper face of the dashboard is covered with a layer of photocatalyst. This upper wall includes a plurality of orifices providing diffuse ventilation. The lower face of the dashboard also includes a layer of photocatalyst irradiated by a source of ultra-violet rays, the source being in a diffusion chamber.

Abstract: A cleaning agent and a cleaning process for cleaning a harmful gas containing, as a harmful component, an organometallic compound represented by the general formula: Rm—M—Hn wherein R is alkyl; M is As, P, S, Se or Te; and m and n are each positive integer satisfying the relation: m+n=valence of M are described. The cleaning agent contains, as an effective component, copper (II) oxide or a mixture of copper (II) oxide and manganese dioxide. The copper (II) oxide has a BET specific surface area of 10 m2/g or greater which is extremely larger than that of copper (II) oxide conventionally used as the effective component of known cleaning agents. With such an extremely large BET specific surface area, the cleaning agent strongly and stably adsorbs the harmful organometallic compound, thereby efficiently cleaning the harmful gas without causing desorption of the adsorbed organometallic compound.

Abstract: This invention concerns the field of environmental protection and can be used to clean industrial waste gases containing products that cause resin formation which fouls catalysts. It is proposed to clean industrial waste gases of aromatic and aliphatic compounds at 120-160 ° C. by means of passing waste gases first through a catalytic composition consisting of a guard bed (to protect the palladium catalyst) with a specific surface 0.2-1.0 m2·g−1, which is initially roasted at 800-1,350° C. and second through a palladium catalyst bed (0.1-3% palladium, deposited on an active aluminum oxide). The proposed method makes it possible to clean industrial waste gases of harmful substances (for example, methanol, cumene) with a degree of destruction not less than 97-98% in the presence of aromatic hydroperoxides which cause resin formation and catalyst fouling on other catalytic systems.

Abstract: A process and composition for transforming perfluoroalkanes in the presence of an oxidizing agent and water at temperatures between about 400 to 1,000° C. Aluminum oxide is the primary agent for effecting this transformation. Additions of between 0.1 to 50% by weight of other components such as barium calcium, phosphorus, cerium, chromium, cobalt, iron, lanthanum, magnesium, nickel, silicon, titanium, yttrium or zirconium aid in extending the useful life of the catalyst. A preferred catalyst composition includes aluminum oxide with additions of cobalt and one or more of the elements of cerium, titanium or zirconium.

Abstract: An interior member or indoor equipment provided on the surface with titanium oxide particles capable of excellent photocatalytic activity even by irradiation of a weak ultraviolet ray present in an interior room or the like. An interior member or indoor equipment with titanium oxide particles containing brookite-type crystal present on the surface thereof. The titanium oxide particles may also be bonded to the surface using an adhesive. The interior member or indoor equipment exhibits a photocatalytic function upon irradiation of a weak ultraviolet ray having irradiation energy of from 0.001 to 0.2 mW/cm2 at 365 nm.

Abstract: Method for treating atmospheric pollutants by contacting the atmosphere with a catalyst composition or adsorptive material coated on the surface of a substrate in which the catalyst composition or adsorptive material is protected from degradation by harmful contaminants contained in the atmosphere by a coating of at least one porous protective material and a device useful therefor.

Abstract: A method for treating a gas stream containing one or more perfluoro-organic compounds to remove the perfluoro-organic compound(s) therefrom, which comprises bringing the gas stream in to contact with an alkali metal fluoride in the presence of carbon and water vapor at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000°C.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for treating a stream containing H2S are disclosed. A preferred method comprises mixing the stream containing H2S with a light hydrocarbon stream and an oxygen containing stream to form a feed stream; contacting the feed stream with a catalyst while simultaneously raising the temperature of the stream sufficiently to allow partial oxidation of the H2S and partial oxidation of the light hydrocarbon to produce a product stream containing elemental sulfur, H2O, CO and hydrogen, and cooling the product stream sufficiently to condense at least a portion of the elemental sulfur and produce a tail gas containing CO, H2, H2O and any residual elemental sulfur, and any incidental SO2, COS, and CS2 from the hydrocarbon stream or produced in the process. The tail gate is contacted with a hydrogenation catalyst so that CO is then reacted with water to produce CO2 and hydrogen and any elemental sulfur, SO2, COS, and CS2 in the tail gas is preferably converted into H2S.

Abstract: There are disclosed a process for cleaning a harmful gas which comprises bringing the harmful gas containing as a harmful component, an organosilicon compound represented by the general formula: CH2CH-SiR3, CH2CH-Si(OR)3, CH2CHCH2 -SiR3 or CH2 CHCH2-Si(OR)3, wherein R indicates a saturated hydrocarbon group or an aromatic compound group, into contact with a cleaning agent comprising activated carbon adhesively incorporated with at least one species selected from the group consisting of bromine, iodine, a metal bromide and a metal iodide in which the metal is exemplified by copper, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, aluminum and tin; and a cleaning agent comprising the same. The cleaning process and the cleaning agent enable to practically clean a harmful gas which is exhausted from a semiconductor manufacturing process and the like by the use of a dry cleaning process.

Abstract: Solid pulverulent reactive composition for the purification of a gas, the said composition comprising sodium bicarbonate and a caking inhibitor for sodium bicarbonate comprising lignite coke and/or a magnesium compound comprising magnesium (hydr)oxide. Process for the purification of a gas, according to which a reactive composition comprising sodium bicarbonate which is substantially devoid of silica is introduced into the gas and the gas is subjected to removal of dust.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved point-of-use PFC/HFC abatement process involving an electrochemical route to abatement. PFCs/HFCs are treated with a relatively strong chemical reducing agent, typically an alkali such as lithium, potassium, or sodium, in a system that promotes ionization of the alkali, e.g., by inclusion of ammonia or other compound that promotes dissolution of the alkali to ions. The electrochemical potential arising from the ionization process provides sufficient energy to extract the fluorine atoms from the PFCs/HFCs. The system also contains a weak acid proton donor to provide a hydrogenation source. The weak acid is believed to displace the reaction equilibrium by protonation, to allow the reaction to proceed at a sufficient rate.

Abstract: A column for purifying gases by a dry method contains a horizontal plate fitted at a position above a bed of a purifying agent and below a gas inlet, and an upstanding pipe passing through the center of the horizontal plate for guiding harmful gases from the gas inlet to below the horizontal plate, and inner wall surface of the column, upper surface of the horizontal plate and outer wall surface of the pipe form a space defining a collector for the powdered material. Thus there is provided a purifying means which facilitates the purification of harmful gases discharged from e.g. a semiconductor manufacturing process and containing powdered material without accompanying blocking of a purification apparatus, and, thereby, make the operation for the purification and maintenance of the facilities easy, while allowing a purifying agent to exhibit its purifying ability thoroughly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flue gas pipe (1) of an incineration plant, comprising a reaction zone (2) for breaking down harmful substances and a heat exchanger (3) for cooling the flue gas (R) which is mounted downstream and fitted with a dioxin catalytic converter (4). The dioxin catalytic converter (4) in the heat exchanger (3) makes it possible to prevent the renewed formation of dioxins by de novo synthesis when the temperature drops.

Abstract: A method of enhancing oxidation of air contaminants on an ultra-low density, UV light accessible aerogel photocatalyst is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a photocatalytic reactor system broadly comprising a photocatalytic reactor cell, a UV light source, and a pump to force the contaminated air stream through the photocatalytic reactor cell. The photocatalytic reactor cell includes glass cell. A catalyst bed formed of a titanium dioxide aerogel is provided in the glass cell whereby a high fraction of the titanium dioxide aerogel is accessible to UV light and gas. The catalyst bed is exposed to UV light from the UV light source and a contaminated air stream is introduced into the photocatalytic reactor cell such that the air stream passes through the catalyst bed causing oxidation of the contaminants of the air stream.

Abstract: A process for preparing a shell-type catalyst which comprises applying to a substantially nonporous inorganic support material having a BET surface area of <80 m2/g, a catalytically active outer shell of a suspension containing at least one water soluble noble metal compound and a substantially water insoluble coating compound, drying the suspension onto the support material, and activating the coated support material in a reducing gas stream.

Abstract: A process for the abatement of trimethylvinylsilane (TMVS) by contacting a gas stream containing TMVS with copper(II) oxide (CuO) and/or manganese oxide (MnO2) in the presence of sufficient oxygen to prevent reduction of the oxides and at a temperature of at least room temperature, but preferably, at an elevated temperature greater than 100° C.

Abstract: A sodium-based dechlorinating agent g is added to a flue gas G6; hydrogen chloride contained in this flue gas is removed as residue of dechlorination; the thus removed residue of dechlorination is dissolved by adding water i; water-insoluble constituents k are separated from the resulting aqueous solution j; and after adjusting pH of the aqueous solution l remaining after separation of the water-insoluble constituents k, mercury, dioxin and the like are removed and discharged. The sodium-based dechlorinating agent g is mixed with a hydrophilic anti-caking agent, with an angle of repose of 40° or more, a dispersibility of less than 50, and a floodability index value of less than 90. A mean particle diameter of sodium hydrogencarbonate is set within a range of from 2 &mgr;m to 30 &mgr;m. The hydrophilic anti-caking agent comprises silica, and is contained in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more in the sodium-based dechlorinating agent.

Abstract: A composition for abatement of airborne pollution by volatile organic compounds (“VOCs”) has an upstream composition which contains a protective adsorbent, e.g., Y zeolite, which is effective for adsorbing large VOC molecules, e.g., toluene, and a protective oxidation catalyst intimately intermingled therewith. The downstream composition contains a second adsorbent, e.g., a silver-containing ZSM-5, which is effective for adsorbing relatively smaller VOC molecules, e.g., propylene, and a second oxidation catalyst intimately intermingled therewith. Oxidation of VOCs while they are still retained on the adsorbents is promoted at temperatures lower than would be required if the VOCs were desorbed into the gaseous phase. Apparatus is provided including a first contact member (24) coated with the upstream composition and positioned upstream of a second contact member (32) coated with the downstream composition.

Abstract: A photocatalyst with visible light activity in which TiC is supported at least partially on a surface of TiO2 is claimed. This is obtained by subjecting TiO2 to a CVD treatment in a plasma with a mixed gas of hydrocarbon and methane. A method for decomposing material wherein a material to be decomposed such as formaldehyde is made in contact with the above-mentioned catalyst to which light including at least visible ray is radiated. According to the present invention, a photocatalyst with visible light activity capable of making harmless organic compounds such as formaldehyde, a method for making harmless organic compounds such as formaldehyde by the use of the photocatalyst and a method for photo-decomposition of organic compounds such as tar are provided.

Abstract: A plasma reactor including a first dielectric having at least one capillary defined therethrough, and a segmented electrode including a plurality of electrode segments, each electrode segment is disposed proximate an associated capillary. Each electrode segment may be formed in different shapes, for example, a pin, stud, washer, ring, or disk. The electrode segment may be hollow, solid, or made from a porous material. The reactor may include a second electrode and dielectric with the first and second dielectrics separated by a predetermined distance to form a channel therebetween into which the plasma exiting from the capillaries in the first dielectric is discharged. The fluid to be treated is passed through the channel and exposed to the plasma discharge. If the electrode segment is hollow or made of a porous material, then the fluid to be treated may be fed into the capillaries in the first dielectric and exposed therein to the maximum plasma density.

Abstract: A system for cleaning the air, such as air in the interior of motor vehicles, airplanes, buildings or shelters, having organic substances such as alcohols, alkanes and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The air cleaning system includes a cylindrical adsorber. The cylindrical adsorber has a plurality of circular segments for passing air to be cleaned and for passing desorption air through the adsorber. The adsorber contains adsorption agents, such as a hydrophobic zeolite, that can be regenerated with microwaves. The air cleaning system also includes a microwave unit disposed on adsorber and an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: An agent for treating an exhaust gas, which is a mixture of a solid metal oxide and a solid metal carbonate as a main component, the metal being selected from the group of metal elements consisting of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn. The agent is made of a molded article obtained by granulation, pelletization or extrusion of the mixture, and can be used in a process of treating an exhaust gas, capable of reducing the concentration of the exhaust gas containing a low concentration of a metal hydride gas and/or an organometallic gas to at least 0.5 ppm or lower.

Abstract: A method for removing high boiling point volatile organic compounds from an exhaust gas and an apparatus for performing such operation are described. In the method, a wet scrubber is provided which is equipped with a spent water reservoir at the bottom of the scrubber for collecting spent water that contains the volatile organic compounds dissolved in water used to wash the exhaust gas. An ozone gas at a preset concentration is then flown into the spent water to oxidize the dissolved volatile organic compounds contained in the water. The exhaust gas after being washed in the wet scrubber can be released to the atmosphere together with carbon dioxide generated in the oxidation reaction. In the apparatus, an ozone detector is further provided on the exhaust gas outlet in the wet scrubber chamber to verify a content of ozone in the released exhaust gas which is an indication that all the volatile organic compounds have been oxidized in the spent water reservoir.

Abstract: A process is provided for production of substantially pure carbon dioxide from a CO2 off-gas stream from an ethylene glycol plant. Water is condensed from an off-gas stream which contains unsaturated hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and water. The dewatered gas stream is subjected to catalytic oxidation in the presence of excess oxygen whereby the unsaturated hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons are oxidized producing an oxidation stream containing carbon dioxide, water and hydrochloric acid. The HCl is removed with an absorbent and substantially pure carbon dioxide is collected. The absorbent-contacted stream can be subjected to catalytic deoxidation in the presence of hydrogen to convert unoxidized oxygen introduced in the catalytic oxidation to water.

Abstract: Super clean air having therein chemical components—such as hydrocarbons, organic halogens, acidic gases, basic gases, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, and H2O (that is, all components other than oxygen, nitrogen, and noble gases—the types of chemical components differ depending on the source of the air)—in concentrations no more than 1 ppb and a dew point lower than −40° C., is obtained from the atmosphere by low-temperature adsorption treatment in stages at temperatures ranging from −40° C. to −180° C. Material air collected from the atmosphere is pretreated in a room-temperature adsorption step to remove moisture and carbon dioxide. The pretreated air is then low-temperature adsorption treated by absorbents in a plurality of steps to adsorb the gaseous chemical components, the treatment temperature being lower in each succeeding step. Treatment at −40° C. may remove, for example, HF, SO2, and/or NH3. Treatment at −100° C.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating the atmosphere to lower the concentration of pollutants therein in which ambient air is passed into operative contact with a stationary substrate having at least one ambient air contacting surface having a pollutant treating material thereon.

Abstract: A cigarette filter having a reagent which chemically reacts with and removes a gaseous component of a smoke stream. The reagent contains functional groups covalently bonded to a non-volatile inorganic substrate which is incorporated in the filter. The filter can remove gaseous components such as aldehydes from tobacco smoke. Preferred functional groups are 3-aminopropylsilyl groups covalently bonded to silica gel (APS silica gel). The reagent can be contained in a space in the filter or incorporated in one or more filter elements such as tipping paper, shaped paper insert, mouthpiece plug, solid filter element, or free-flow filter element. The reagent can be part of or coated on paper such as tipping or filter paper or incorporated in non-paper filter elements formed from fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate or polypropylene fibers.

Abstract: An integrated process for vent gas treatment for the abatement of volatile emissions is disclosed. The vent gas comprises dioxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and other organic compounds comprising one or more alkyl halide compound of 1 to 5 carbon atoms. In the preferred embodiment, the vent gas is heated and mixed with an amount of combustible fluid. Then the mixture is directed to a catalytic oxidation reactor having a suitable oxidation catalyst disposed therein, wherein the mixture is catalytically oxidized. The effluent from the catalytic oxidation reactor is directed to heat the incoming vent gas and subsequently to a scrubber wherein the effluent is scrubbed of soluble compounds and the resultant treated gas stream is vented. Importantly, the amount of combustible fluid supplied to the vent gas stream is controlled so at to provide sufficient reactants for the catalytic oxidation to maintain reaction temperatures from 200° C. and 600° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for effectively conducting removal of an indoor volatile organic substance in a closed system without ventilation so that a volatile organic substance given off by bakeout is oxidized and removed in the presence a catalyst, especially a noble-metal-base oxidation catalyst in a closed system without ventilation of the indoor while using a heat source for the bakeout as a heat source for heating the catalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing chlorine dioxide by activating zeolite crystals (which have been impregnated with metal chlorite such as sodium chlorite, and optionally also a water-retaining substance such as magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, or calcium chloride) with excess protons, or activating an aqueous solution of metal chlorite and such a water-retaining substance with excess protons. Proton generating species useful for the activation are acids such as acetic, phosphoric, and citric acid, and metal salts such as ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, ZnSO4, ZnCl2, CoSO4, CoCl2, MnSO4, MnCl2, CuSO4, CuCl2, and MgSO4. The activation can be performed by causing fluid to flow through a bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with calcium chloride (or other water-retaining substance) and sodium chlorite, and a bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with a proton generating species.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the purification of exhaust air and/or effluents, which may be exhausted, for example, from auto painting units or furniture lacquering units, involving contacting the air and/or effluents with a molded body. The molded body is made from dealuminated zeolite Y and at least one binder, which may be, for example, bentonites, kaolins, sepiolites or attapulgites, and having a hydrophobic factor of from 1.5 to 6.0, wherein a slurry of the binder in water does not exceed a pH of 10 and wherein the molded body is calcined at 850° to 1100° C. The molded body is produced by a process involving mixing pulverulent dealuminated zeolite Y with at least one binder, optionally with the addition of a lubricant and/or a pore former, and optionally with water or an organic solvent, moulding the resulting mass to form a molded body, and drying and calcining the molded bodies.

Abstract: Substances to be processed and a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution are enclosed in a process vessel, and a the process vessel is enclosed in an autoclave together with water. Oxidation processing of the substances is performed by changing the state in the autoclave and the process vessel to a supercritical state which is realized by heating an outer wall of the autoclave with a heater. Further, even if the substances leak from the process vessel, by oxidizing the leaking substances in the autoclave the leaking of the substances to the outside of an oxidation processing apparatus is prevented.