Abstract: A method for reducing or substantially eliminating oxides of nitrogen from an effluent gas stream, that includes providing a source of ultraviolet radiation with a precise wavelength, adding ammonia or an ammonia based reagent to the effluent stream, upstream of the ultraviolet radiation source, controllably operating the ultraviolet radiation source to irradiate the effluent stream flowing in the duct and substantially reducing or eliminating oxides of nitrogen by promotion a reaction of ammonia with the oxides of nitrogen to produce N2 and H2O, and also thereby destroying any surplus ammonia. This process can also be modified to oxidize carbon monoxide and VOC's to CO2 and H2O.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for treating an effluent fluid stream from a semiconductor manufacturing process tool. The apparatus comprises a combustion chamber, means for heating the combustion chamber, and a nozzle for injecting the effluent stream into the combustion chamber. The apparatus is configured to enable a fuel and an oxidant to be selectively injected into the effluent stream as required to optimise the combustion conditions for a particular effluent stream. In one to embodiment, a lance projecting into the nozzle selectively injects an oxidant into the effluent stream, and a sleeve surrounding the nozzle selectively injects a fuel into the effluent stream.

Abstract: Catalyst systems and methods provide benefits in reducing the content of nitrogen oxides in a gaseous stream containing nitric oxide (NO), hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide (CO), and oxygen (O2). The catalyst system comprises an oxidation catalyst comprising a first metal supported on a first inorganic oxide for catalyzing the oxidation of NO to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and a reduction catalyst comprising a second metal supported on a second inorganic oxide for catalyzing the reduction of NO2 to nitrogen (N2).

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method and apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide. Sulfur species are efficiently and effectively removed from the carbon dioxide by a series of steps which include heater/heat exchange means, impurity adsorption means and cooling means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for absorbing harmful substances, especially aldehydes, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and odors and permanently protecting particularly ambient air from said harmful substances. According to said method, a protein-reactive substance is provided at least in the proximity of emitters of harmful substances or potential emitters of harmful substances.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprises a gold catalyst capable of oxidizing CO; a hydrocarbon oxidation catalyst; and a hydrocarbon adsorbing material.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved apparatus and method of minimizing catalyst poisoning by inorganic deposits from lube oil additives and particulate matter, especially in aircraft. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an air purification system comprising an upstream metallic foam trap and downstream converter, wherein the trap physically blocks inorganic deposits and particulate matter from poisoning the downstream catalysts. The present invention is also directed to a metallic foam trap containing a coat comprising a first metallic thermal arc sprayed layer and optionally a second refractory metal oxide.

Abstract: A method treats a flow gas that is guided via a catalytic adsorber module to oxidize contaminants carried in the flow gas. The method reliably purifies the flow gas using equipment that is held to a comparatively low level of complexity. To this end, the flow gas is guided in a first purification step via a first catalytic adsorber module to oxidize contaminants carried along therewith, during which molecular or atomic oxygen is added to the flow gas, and the flow gas mixed with the added oxygen is guided in a second purification step via an oxidation catalyst. The flow gas flowing away from the oxidation catalyst is guided in a third purification step via a second catalytic adsorber module to reduce excessive oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline molecular sieve SSZ-56 prepared using a N,N-diethyl-2-methyldecahydroquinolinium cation as a structure-directing agent and its use in minimizing cold start emissions from engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst support material and catalysts made therefrom having improved resistance towards erosion. The catalyst support contains at least 20% by weight of TiO2 being present mainly in the anatase form. Furthermore, the catalyst support contains diatomaceous earth in an amount of at least 2% and less than 80% by weight of the catalyst support. In one embodiment catalysts made from said catalyst support contain oxides or sulfates of base metals from the group of V, W, Mn, Nb, Mo, Ni, Fe or Cu. Another option is a catalyst prepared from said catalyst support containing Pt or Pd. Said catalysts are used for treatment of a flue gas. More specifically the catalyst supports prepared according to the present invention and showing improved resistance towards erosion are used in flue gas containing a large amount of particulate matter and for selective catalytic reduction of nitrous oxides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cleaning exhaust gases produced by an ore sintering process in metal production consisting in mixing ores, possibly associated with other metal-containing materials, with a solid fuel, in sintering said materials by simulataneously combusting said solid fuel and in carrying out a distillation process. In such a way that NOx is removed and the effects of other aggressive components, in particular SO2, on a catalyst are limited or removed at a large degree.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing cold start emissions in an exhaust gas stream (such as from an internal combustion engine) by contacting the exhaust stream with a combination of molecular sieves comprising (1) a small pore crystalline molecular sieve or mixture of molecular sieves having pores no larger than 8 membered rings selected from the group consisting of SSZ-13, SSZ-16, SSZ-36, SSZ-39, SSZ-50, SSZ-52 and SSZ-73 molecular sieve and having a mole ratio at least 10 of (a) an oxide of a first tetravalent element to (b) an oxide of a trivalent element, pentavalent element, second tetravalent element which is different from said first tetravalent element or mixture thereof and (2) a medium-large pore crystalline molecular sieve having pores at least as large as 10 membered rings selected from the group consisting of SSZ-26, SSZ-33, SSZ-64, zeolite Beta, CIT-1, CIT-6 and ITQ-4 and having a mole ratio of at least 10 of (a) an oxide of a first tetravalent element to (b) an oxide of a tr

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an absorption liquid for purifying gases from gaseous acidic contaminants, the absorption liquid comprising A) 0.1 to 100% by weight of one or more amines of the formula I where R1 is H, C1-C6-alkyl, an aromatic radical having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a radical of the formula 2 R2 is H, C1-C6-alkyl, an aromatic radical having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a radical of the formula 3 R3 is C1-C6-alkyl or an aromatic radical having 6 to 18 carbon atoms R4 is H or CH3 R5 is H or CH3 x is a number from 0 to 3 y is a number from 0 to 3 z is an integer between 1 and 30, and also, if appropriate, B) 0 to 99.9% by weight of water, and/or C) 0 to 99.9% by weight of any desired solvent.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing the porous crystalline material ITQ-12 is disclosed and employs an organic directing agent having the formula: where n is an integer from 1 to 3 and Q? is an anion. The resultant ITQ-12 is useful in as a catalyst in chemical conversion reactions and as an adsorbent for gas separation.

Abstract: This invention provides a catalyst for removing hydrocarbons from a combustion gas containing methane and containing an excess of oxygen, which comprises iridium supported on zirconium oxide; and a method of removing hydrocarbons from a combustion gas containing methane and containing an excess of oxygen, which comprises using this catalyst.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (22) for treating culinary gaseous effluents (Eg) carried in an air extraction duct of a kitchen, the apparatus includes: a unit (24) for storing in liquid form a nucleophilic active product (Pa), or odour destroyer, able to fix foul-smelling molecules in the form of inert salts, a nebulizing and diffusing unit (26) which vaporizes or sublimates the active product (Pa) coming from the storage unit, and which diffuses the vaporized or sublimated active product (Pa) in an extraction duct (18), at ambient temperature, so as to minimize the discharge of foul-smelling molecules at the outlet of the extraction duct. A plant including this apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for removing a halogen series gas, which comprises contacting a gas containing a halogen series gas forming at least one kind selected from the group consisting of HF, HCl, HBr and HI by water with a granule containing from 60 to 99.9 mass % of a solid base and from 0.1 to 40 mass % of a carbonaceous material to the total mass amount of the granule in the presence of water.

Abstract: A cleaning process of exhaust gas which includes the steps of bringing the exhaust gas containing at least one of nitrogen oxides or organic solvent into contact with a cleaning agent including metal as a reductive cleaning agent component and metal oxide as an oxidative cleaning agent component or including lower valent metal oxide as a reductive cleaning agent component and higher valent metal oxide as an oxidative cleaning agent component while heating them. A cleaning process of exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides and/or organic solvent with high and varying concentration discharged from a manufacturing process of semiconductor capable of easily cleaning at relatively low temperature and with high decomposition factor without using large-scale cleaning apparatus or a complicated structural cleaning apparatus is provided.

Abstract: A NOx-trap composition comprises: (a) at least one first NOx storage component comprising at least one alkali metal supported on at least one first support material; and (b) a platinum oxidation catalyst and at least one second NOx storage component not being an alkali metal supported on at least one second support material, whereby the platinum oxidation catalyst and the at least one alkali metal are physically segregated thereby susbtantially maintaining the hydrocarbon conversion activity of the platinum oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: Method for removing tar-forming hydrocarbons from an effluent gas mixtures from Chemical Vapor Deposition or Chemical Vapor Infiltration processes. Method includes passing at elevated temperature effluent gas mixture containing hydrogen, methane, and high molecular weight hydrocarbons through a bed that contains iron pellets, thereby decomposing tar-forming high molecular weight hydrocarbons in the effluent gas mixture. Apparatus including a de-tarring vessel (5) having a packed bed (7, 8, 9) of iron or iron oxide pellets (1) resting over a perforated distributor plate (2) and having an exhaust port (12), said de-tarring vessel being operatively linked via an exhaust port (6) to a CVI or CVD reactor vessel.

Abstract: Methods for reducing and eliminating carbon dioxide from the emissions of solid fuel fired power plants, particularly coal fired power plants, and to sequester the carbon dioxide, typically by using existing equipment. In some embodiments, the methods involve pyrolyzing the solid fuel to remove volatile matter and using the volatile matter to produce hydrogen. Additionally, the methods may involve burning the solid fuel or pyrolized solid fuel at very fuel rich stoichiometric conditions. Sequestration may include the production of a carbon dioxide-containing solution and the pumping of the solution into the ground, particularly in areas high in limestone.

Abstract: A system and method for the purification and biodeodorizing of a gas are disclosed. The system is highly adaptable and capable of operating in a variety of modes to tailor performance of the system to specific odor control applications. The scrubber stages of the system may each be maintained at different conditions to selectively promote bacterial activity that targets a variety of odorous constituents. The pH level of the irrigation fluid provided to each scrubber stage may be controlled.

Abstract: A method for reducing the cost of emission control by utilizing a combination of low cost, combustion and post-combustion processes to eliminate emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and trace metals, including mercury, and trace dioxins and furans. These processes are applied sequentially to the combustion flow train of an air-cooled, slagging combustor-boiler, and include two groups of process steps. One group is implemented in the combustor and the other in post combustion zones.

Abstract: An activated carbon-metal oxide matrix is disclosed. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may be obtained by a method including the steps of: preoxidizing a carbon material, grinding the preoxidized carbon material; mixing the ground preoxidized material with a metal oxide to form a carbon mixture; extruding the carbon mixture; carbonizing and activating the extrudate. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may be used to remove odorous compounds, acidic gases, and volatile organic compounds from a gas.

Abstract: A catalyst for the oxidation of volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide comprising manganese and alumina, such catalyst having been impregnated with a phosphorus compound. The presence of the phosphorus compound results in a significant oxidative conversion of both the volatile organic compounds and the carbon monoxide. The catalyst is especially useful for treating gaseous streams that emanate from industrial sources, such as wood pulp manufacturing plants. The manganese portion of the catalyst is preferably comprised of manganese compounds comprising a defect non-stoichiometric manganese oxide of the type ?-Mn3O4+x, wherein x has the value of 0.1?x?0.25 in respect to about 80 to about 95% of all manganese atoms, and manganese aluminate in respect to the balance of the manganese atoms. The alumina portion of the catalyst is preferably comprised of high temperature forms of alumina of the type comprising ?-Al2O3 and (?+?+?)-Al2O3.

Abstract: The gaseous feed flowing in through line 1 is contacted in contacting zone ZA with a liquid solvent flowing in through line 2. The solvent comprises between 0.001% and 100% by weight of a liquid olefin. Contacting in zone ZA is carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst. The purified gaseous feed is discharged from zone ZA through line 3. The sulfide-laden solvent is discharged through line 4, then regenerated in unit RE. The regenerated solvent is recycled through lines 7 and 2 to zone ZA.

Abstract: There is provided a method of treating a substance to be degraded comprising the steps of: degrading the substance to produce a degraded product; contacting the product obtained in the degrading step with a liquid; and entrapping a component of the product not trapped by the liquid in a medium by contacting the component with the medium. Also, the apparatus for conducting the method is provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying method for a fuel cell vehicle comprises preparing an exhaust gas purifying system for the fuel cell vehicle, the exhaust gas purifying system including a methane removal catalyst for accelerating the conversion of methane into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The methane removal catalyst comprises a catalytic ingredient including at least one of rhodium, platinum and palladium.

Abstract: The exhaust of a vehicle paint spray booth is fed through an adsorption medium, such as activated carbon, to remove volatile organic compounds by adsorption. When the adsorbent becomes saturated, it is purged by electric heaters, and the desorbed volatile organic compounds are directed to the fuel processor of a stationary fuel cell. The volatile organic compounds are broken down into oxides of carbon and hydrogen gas in the fuel processor, the hydrogen is fed to the fuel cell, and the oxides of carbon are vented to the atmosphere with excess air. The fuel cell combines the hydrogen with oxygen from air, and releases air, water vapor and electrical power.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for processing perfluorocompounds exhaust, that employs thermal energy produced by the reactions occurred in a plasma reactor to convert liquid water into steam. The steam is then directly introduced into the plasma reactor to participate in the reactions of plasma stream. This invention resolves the high temperature problem encountered by the reaction chamber during combustion. In addition, this invention is provided with a combustion chamber connecting to the reacting chamber. Air is introduced into the combustion chamber to combust with hydrogen so as to remove a great mount of hydrogen produced by the combustion of the perfluorocompounds exhaust.

Abstract: A bed of calcium oxide and/or barium oxide in particulate form is continuously moved through a contact reaction zone such that it enters into countercurrent reaction with the feedstock and the reaction is performed in a reaction column equipped with an agitating/moving device by which the halide which is the product of reaction between the organic halide and the oxide is continuously discharged to the outside of the reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for removing an organic compound or compounds which is/are a chlorinated hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon by catalytic combustion, the process including the step of contacting the organic compound or compounds with a combustion catalyst which includes a mixture of a zeolite and a metal oxide, where the metal oxide is loaded with at least one of the elements of the platinum group.

Abstract: A photocatalyst including a metal oxide semiconductor represented by the formula: In1?xMxAO4 wherein M represents a transition metal element, A represents an element belonging to the Group 5a of the Periodic Table and x is a number greater than 0 but smaller than 1.

Abstract: A multiple-field precipitator, flue-gas treating device, in accordance with the principles of the invention, includes a first section having a dual-function, sensible-cooling heat exchanger/electrostatic precipitator, a second section having a wet electrostatic precipitator, and a middle section fluidly connecting the first and second sections. In the first section, the exchanger/precipitator sensibly cools the flue gas and collects most of the dust from the flue gas. In the middle section, the dust-reduced flue gas is combined with an alkaline material, thereby forming reaction products. These reaction products and several other pollutants are captured by the wet electrostatic precipitator, in the form of a pollutant-laden liquid. The pollutant-laden liquid is directed to a series of heat exchangers and settling tanks, where various pollutants such as SOx, metals, NOx, and chlorides are removed in different stages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for purifying process waste gases by introducing them into a waste gas purification system that includes a reaction chamber and by post-treating the reaction products that leave the reaction chamber in a washing or sorbtion chamber with an associated washing agent circuit. The type and amount of harmful substances in the process waste gas are continuously measured before the waste gases enter the waste gas purification system. In addition, the type and amount of harmful substances in the reaction products that leave the waste gas purification system are simultaneously determined directly at the exit of the system and the measuring signals are used to regulate the operating parameters of the waste gas purification system.

Abstract: A method of removing harmful components of a perfluorocarbon gas or a perfluorocompound including the step of mixing at least one of a hydrocarbon gas and NH3 gas with an exhaust gas containing a perfluorocarbon or a perfluorocompound discharged from manufacturing equipment. The method also includes the step of thermally decomposing the resulting mixed gas in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing carbon adsorbable organic compounds in a controlled manner within a bed of activated carbon. The bed of activated carbon is exposed to a source of molecular oxygen, such as air, and is controlled within a temperature range whereby the molecular oxygen is slowly oxidizing the activated carbon. Under this controlled set of conditions, the activated carbon will oxidize organic compounds present within the bed of activated carbon. This technique has widespread versatility for the controlled destruction of organic vapors and liquids by activated carbon and applications for the regeneration of spent activated carbons containing previously adsorbed organic compounds.

Abstract: A clean room has a cleaned air feeding apparatus 1 having a rotor 2 adsorbing gaseous chemical substances to an adsorbing part 16 and desorbing the adsorbed gaseous chemical substances at the regenerating part 17. Drive 4 drives the rotor 2 to the adsorbing part 16 and the regenerating part 17. The gaseous chemical substances contained in the air are adsorbed, for removal, to the adsorbing part 16, and cleaned air is fed into a clean room main body 32. Heated regenerated air is fed to the regenerating part 17 so as to desorb the adsorbed gaseous chemical substances from the air.

Abstract: A plasma reactor including a first dielectric having at least one slot defined therethrough, and a segmented electrode including a plurality of electrode segments, each electrode segment is disposed proximate an associated slot. Each electrode segment may be formed in different shapes, for example, a plate, bar, rim, or plug. The electrode segment may be hollow, solid, or made from a porous material. The reactor may include a second electrode and dielectric with the first and second dielectrics separated by a predetermined distance to form a channel therebetween into which the plasma exiting from the slots defined in the first dielectric is discharged. The fluid to be treated is passed through the channel and exposed to the plasma discharge. If the electrode segment is hollow or made of a porous material, then the fluid/gas to be treated may be fed into the slots defined in the first dielectric and exposed therein to the maximum plasma density.

Abstract: A cryogenic cleaner for and a method of performing cleaning of a surface that must be substantially free of contaminants utilizing a multi-stage, multi-mode filtered carbon dioxide-containing cleaning medium. Multiple stages and multiple types of filtration/purification are provided to remove contaminants such as hydrocarbons from the medium. In accordance with preferred embodiments, a filtering/purification process is provided that desirably utilizes one or more of: condensation of the hydrocarbon; particulate filtration; chemical filtration using activated filters; and catalytic oxidation. In certain embodiments, a resiliently mounted nozzle is provided for spraying a cryogenic cleaning medium on the surface. The nozzle may be driven in an oscillatory manner at a predetermined amplitude and frequency so the nozzle spray is delivered in a manner to provide pulsing of the spray and to provide as “snow plow” effect on contaminants as the spray delivers the cleaning medium against the surface.

Abstract: A gas stream containing at least one fluorine compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of carbon and fluorine, compounds of carbon, hydrogen and fluorine, compounds of sulfur and fluorine, compounds of nitrogen and fluorine and compounds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and fluorine is contacted with a catalyst comprising at least one of alumina, titania, zirconia and silica, preferably a catalyst comprising alumina and at least one of nickel oxide, zinc oxide and titania in the presence of steam, thereby hydrolyzing the fluorine compound at a relatively low temperature, e.g. 200°-800° C., to convert the fluorine of the fluorine compound to hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: In a method for reducing the content of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans in the exhaust gas of chemical high temperature processes handling process materials, amides or organic oxides are made available to the process under the conditions under which the polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans are generated, which amides comprise of at least one of the group consisting of amidosulfonic acid, hydroxyl amino sulfonic acid and sulfamid in an amount of 0.5 to 10% of the process material.

Abstract: A filter such as an air having a reagent which chemically reacts with and removes a gaseous component of an air stream. The reagent contains functional groups covalently bonded to a non-volatile inorganic substrate which is incorporated in the filter. The filter can remove gaseous components such as aldehydes. Preferred functional groups are 3-aminopropylsilyl groups covalently bonded to silica gel (APS silica gel). The reagent can be contained in a space in the filter or incorporated in one or more filter elements. The reagent can be part of or coated on paper such as filter paper or incorporated in non-paper filter elements formed from fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate or polypropylene fibers. Other preferred reagents include aminoethylaminopropylsilyl silica gel (AEAPS) and aminoethylaminoethylaminopropylsilyl silica gel (AEAEAPS).

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and apparatus for treating contaminated gas. A contaminated gas containing volatile organic compounds is continuously introduced into a reactor to allow the gas to contact a metal oxide catalyst and an oxidant for a period of time. The concentration of the volatile organic compounds can be thus reduced. The treated gas is then continuously emitted from the reactor. The concentration of the organic compounds of the emitted gas and/or the concentration of the oxidant are continuously monitored, and the oxidant feeding amount is controlled according to the monitored concentration. By means of the process of the present invention, volatile organic compound-containing waste gas with high humidity can be effectively treated, and the utility rate of the oxidant can be increased.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing hydrocarbons from exhaust gas containing methane and an excess of oxygen, which comprises palladium or palladium/platinum supported on at least one carrier selected from zirconia, sulfated zirconia and tungsten-zirconia, and a method for treating exhaust gas using the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbonaceous material comprising contacting such material with catalysts made from a newly discovered phase of aluminum trihydroxide.

Abstract: An activated carbon-metal oxide matrix is disclosed. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may by obtained by a method including the steps of: preoxidizing a carbon material, grinding the preoxidized carbon material; mixing the ground preoxidized material with a metal oxide to form a carbon mixture; extruding the carbon mixture; carbonizing and activating the extrudate. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may be used to remove odorous compounds, acidic gases, and volatile organic compounds from a gas.

Abstract: A catalyst for the full oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOC), particularly hydrocarbons, and of CO to CO2, comprising: a non-stoichiometric crystalline compound conventionally designated by a formula which corresponds to A14Cu24O41 (I), where A is Sr or a solid solution of Sr with alkaline-earth metals, alkaline metals, lanthanides; or a non-stoichiometric crystalline compound conventionally designated by a formula which corresponds to B4Cu5O10 (II), where B is Ca or a solid solution of Ca with alkaline-earth metals, alkaline metals, lanthanides; or mixtures thereof; and in that it is prepared in a form which has a large specific surface area, preferably larger than 25 m2/g; a method for preparing the catalysts; their use in methods for the full oxidation of VOC and of CO to CO2; and the oxidation methods.

Abstract: A process for treating gaseous emissions generated during the production of carbon anodes in the aluminum industry. In this process, first gaseous emissions generated during green anode preparation are collected and preheated by direct contact with a stream of combustion gases. Second gaseous emissions generated during anode baking are also collected and mixed with the first gaseous emissions to form a gaseous emission mixture. Alumina powder is then injected into the so obtained mixture and the resulting mixture with the alumina injected therein is processed into a dry scrubber that is equipped with a bag filter and is operating at temperatures well above the saturation temperature of tars, so as to obtain a gaseous mixture partially purified and free of fluorides and particulates. The so obtained partially purified gaseous mixture is then processed into an oxidation furnace in order to destroy all the organic compounds contained therein.

Abstract: In a process for the recovery of krypton and xenon, an oxygen-enriched stream containing krypton and/or xenon and hydrocarbons is removed from an air separation unit. A substantial portion of the hydrocarbons, especially methane, ethane, and acetylene, is removed from the oxygen-enriched stream prior to the distillation process. The hydrocarbon removal process includes, but is not restricted to, the hydrocarbons reacting with a portion of the oxygen present in the feed gas. The krypton and xenon are eventually recovered from the oxygen stream through a distillation process. The distillation process is performed in such a manner that at least a stream further enriched in both krypton and xenon is produced.