Abstract: Methods and feedstock compositions for preparing porous electrodes as contained in lithium ion and lithium polymer batteries that comprise an electrolyte composition are described. The methods are characterized by depositing on a substrate a feedstock having a soluble pore former, precipitating at least a portion of the soluble pore former from the feedstock, and dissolving the solid pore former from the electrode using at least a portion or constituent of the electrolyte composition. The feedstock compositions are characterized by a pore former that forms a two-phase system with at least one constituent of the electrolyte composition. The feedstock does not contain materials that are not also substantially contained in the lithium ion battery.

Abstract: Stable zero-valent metal compositions and methods of making and using these compositions are provided. Such compositions are useful as catalysts for subsequent metallization of non-conductive substrates, and are particularly useful in the manufacture of electronic devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for electroless (immersion) plating of tin and tin alloys having a thickness of?1 ?m as a final finish in the manufacture of printed circuit boards, IC substrates, semiconductor wafers and the like. The method utilizes an electroless plated sacrificial layer of copper between the copper contact pad and the electroless plated tin layer which is dissolved completely during tin plating. The method compensates the undesired loss of copper from a contact pad during electroless plating of thick tin layers.

Abstract: Stable zero-valent metal compositions and methods of making and using these compositions are provided. Such compositions are useful as catalysts for subsequent metallization of non-conductive substrates, and are particularly useful in the manufacture of electronic devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions. These lithium metal compositions are prepared by mixing liquid lithium metal with a porous metal oxide in an inert atmosphere under exothermic conditions sufficient to absorb the liquid lithium metal into the porous metal oxide pores. The lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions of the invention are preferably loaded with lithium metal up to about 40% by weight, with about 20% to 40% by weight being the most preferred loading. The invention also relates to lithium reagent-porous metal oxide compositions having RLi absorbed into a porous oxide. The preparation and use of these compositions are also described.

Abstract: A light-scattering substrate which can be thinned and has improved thermal resistance, a method of manufacturing the same, an organic light-emitting display device including the same, and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting display device are disclosed. The light-scattering substrate includes a light-scattering layer composed of a plurality of metal nanoparticles which are attached to at least a surface of a substrate. The metal nanoparticles are formed by agglomeration of a metal on the substrate, and show a surface plasmon phenomenon.

Abstract: A nanopore device capable of single molecule detection is described. The nanopores are formed in thin, rigid membranes and modified by a sputtered metal that forms an overhang during application. The overhang causes the pore to be narrower in a certain region, allowing passage of only a single molecule through the pore at a time, or binding to a biomolecule on the pore to be detected by a change in ionic current flow through the nanopore. Embodiments include a silicon nitride membrane formed on a silicon substrate and having a nanopore drilled with a focused ion beam system, followed by gold sputtering onto the membrane. Devices are formed with one or more nanopores and chambers having electrodes on either side of the nanopore.

Abstract: A detecting sensor is provided, including: on a base material, a plurality of first sensor conductors arranged in a first direction; a plurality of second sensor conductors arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a plurality of first signal lines electrically connected to the first sensor conductors; a plurality of second signal lines electrically connected to the second sensor conductors; and a first conductive pattern disposed between the first signal lines and the base material, the first conductive pattern being electrically insulated from the first signal lines, the first conductive pattern being set to a predetermined potential, and the first conductive pattern being made of a same material as that used to form at least one of the first sensor conductors and the second sensor conductors.

Abstract: Methods for forming barrier/seed layers for interconnect structures are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method of processing a substrate having an opening formed in a first surface of the substrate, the opening having a sidewall and a bottom surface, the method may include forming a layer comprising manganese (Mn) and at least one of ruthenium (Ru) or cobalt (Co) on the sidewall and the bottom surface of the opening, the layer having a first surface adjacent to the sidewall and bottom surface of the opening and a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein the second surface comprises predominantly at least one of ruthenium (Ru) or cobalt (Co) and wherein a predominant quantity of manganese (Mn) in the layer is not disposed proximate the second surface; and depositing a conductive material on the layer to fill the opening.

Abstract: CIGS absorber layers fabricated using coated semiconducting nanoparticles and/or quantum dots are disclosed. Core nanoparticles and/or quantum dots containing one or more elements from group IB and/or IIIA and/or VIA may be coated with one or more layers containing elements group IB, IIIA or VIA. Using nanoparticles with a defined surface area, a layer thickness could be tuned to give the proper stoichiometric ratio, and/or crystal phase, and/or size, and/or shape. The coated nanoparticles could then be placed in a dispersant for use as an ink, paste, or paint. By appropriate coating of the core nanoparticles, the resulting coated nanoparticles can have the desired elements intermixed within the size scale of the nanoparticle, while the phase can be controlled by tuning the stochiometry, and the stoichiometry of the coated nanoparticle may be tuned by controlling the thickness of the coating(s).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a low-emissive paint comprising metal particles, a binder and a solvent. The metal particles consist of a metal with lower electro-negativity than 1.9 but higher than 1.1 or a mixture of such metals, and the binder consists of polyaniline—PANI—or a polymer where a thiophene group is included in the chain.

Abstract: A disclosed heating apparatus for heating a substrate on which a film is coated includes a process chamber having a gas supply opening for supplying a first gas to the process chamber and a gas evacuation opening for evacuating the first gas from the process chamber; a heating plate that is arranged in the process chamber and includes a heating element for heating the substrate; plural protrusions arranged on the heating plate so as to support the substrate; plural suction holes formed in the heating plate so as to attract by suction the substrate toward the heating plate; and a gas inlet adapted to supply a second gas to a gap between the heating plate and the substrate supported by the plural protrusions.

Abstract: Provided are a copper conductor film and manufacturing method thereof, and patterned copper conductor wiring, which have superior conductivity and wiring pattern formation, and with which there is no decrease in insulation between circuits, even at narrow wiring widths and narrow inter-wiring spacing.

Abstract: A conductive paste includes a filler component and a flux component; the filler component including a first conductive filler and a second conductive filler having different melting points, and the melting point of the first conductive filler being higher than the melting point of the second conductive filler by 20° C. or more; the flux component including a first flux and a second flux having different melting points, the melting point of the first flux being higher than the melting point of the second flux, and the melting point of the first flux being higher than the melting point of the second conductive filler by 15° C. to 45° C.; and the melting point of the second flux being equal to or less than the melting point of the second conductive filler.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separator for a solid polymer type fuel cell superior in low contact resistance of the fuel cell separator surface with carbon paper and flatness and a method of production of the same, that is, a separator for a solid polymer type fuel cell comprising a substrate of stainless steel or titanium or a titanium alloy having a surface layer part on which conductive compound particles are fixed, wherein said conductive compound particles are comprised of one or more types of metal borides, metal carbides, and metal nitrides with an average particle size of 0.

Abstract: A technique is provided which prevents an increase in the resistivity of a conductive wiring film. A conductive layer containing Ca in a content rate of 0.3 atom % or more is provided on the surfaces of each of conductive wiring films which are to be exposed to a gas containing a Si atom in a chemical structure at a high temperature. When a gate insulating layer or a protection film containing Si is formed on the surface of the conductive layer, the Si atoms do not diffuse into the conductive layer and a resistance value does not increase, even if the conductive layer is exposed to the raw material gas containing Si in a chemical structure . Further, a CuCaO layer can be formed as an adhesive layer for preventing Si diffusion from a glass substrate or a silicon semiconductor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium deposited anode for a lithium secondary battery and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly, to an anode suitable for a lithium secondary battery which limits dendrite growth only inside the concave portion of the silicon substrate during a battery is charged/discharged by depositing lithium as an active material only on the deeply caved concave portion of an anode current collector of which a micro-size patterned silicon substrate has conductivity provided by a metal, and its manufacturing method.

Abstract: Provided are lithium batteries utilizing electrode coatings directly on nanoporous separators, the batteries comprising (a) a separator/cathode assembly, (b) a separator/anode assembly, and (c) an electrolyte, where the batteries comprise alternating layers of the separator/cathode assembly and the separator/anode assembly. Preferably, a portion of the separator/cathode assembly is not in contact with the separator/anode assembly and a portion of the separator/anode assembly is not in contact with the separator/cathode assembly, and electrically conductive edge connections are made through these portions. Also provided are methods of preparing such lithium batteries.

Abstract: A method of forming an electronic device bond pad includes providing an electronic device substrate having an Al bond pad located thereover. An aluminum layer is formed over the Al bond pad. A metal layer is formed located between the Al bond pad and the aluminum layer. The metal layer comprises one or more of Ni, Pd and Pt and has a total concentration of Ni, Pd and/or Pt of at least about 50 wt. %. A gold bond wire may be attached to the aluminum layer.

Abstract: A metal interconnect structure includes at least a pair of metal lines, a cavity therebetween, and a dielectric metal-diffusion barrier layer located on at least one portion of walls of the cavity. After formation of a cavity between the pair of metal lines, the dielectric metal-diffusion barrier layer is formed on the exposed surfaces of the cavity. A dielectric material layer is formed above the pair of metal lines to encapsulate the cavity. The dielectric metal-diffusion barrier layer prevents diffusion of metal and impurities from one metal line to another metal line and vice versa, thereby preventing electrical shorts between the pair of metal lines.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forming conductive materials. The conductive materials can be applied using a printer in single or multiple passes onto a substrate. The conductive materials are composed of electrical conductors such as carbon nanotubes (including functionalized carbon nanotubes and metal-coated carbon nanotubes), grapheme, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. pentacene and bisperipentacene), metal nanoparticles, an inherently conductive polymer (ICP), and combinations thereof. Once the conductive materials are applied, the materials are dried and sintered to form adherent conductive materials on the substrate. The adherent conductive materials can be used in applications such as damage detection, particle removal, and smart coating systems.

Abstract: Described herein are coating compositions comprising metal nanostructures and one or more conductive polymers, and nanocomposite films formed thereof.

Abstract: The method for fabrication of the electrochemical energy converter characterised in that, cermet composition (2A)1 (2B) is applied on both sides of the central ceramic plate (1), wherein on both sides of the plate in the cermet composition (2A), (2B), channels (3A), (3B) are made, then the channels (3A), (3B) on both sides of the plate are covered with cermet composition layers (4A), (4B). Afterwards, both sides of the ceramic structure made in such a way are overlaid with conductive structures (5A), (5B) and then with subsequent layers of the cermet composition (6A). (6B) containing nickel, then both sides of the ceramic structure prepared in a such way are subsequently overlaid with: layers constituting the solid electrolyte (7A), (7B), layers constituting electrodes (8A), (8B) and contact layers (9A), (9B). The electrochemical energy converter has a flat layered ceramic base whose core is constituted by the central ceramic plate (D, permanently bonded with porous cermet layers (AN1).

Abstract: Provided herein is a metal ink composition, including an organism-derived adhesive material. Such a metal ink composition is eco-friendly and is adhered to an adherent with excellent adhesion even when added in a small content. Further, the metal ink composition is not condensed by thermal sintering, and thus exhibits excellent patternability.

Abstract: A method for direct-write patterning comprises providing a cantilever having a cantilever end, wherein the cantilever is a tipless cantilever; providing an ink disposed at the cantilever end; providing a substrate surface; and moving the cantilever end or moving the substrate surface so that ink is delivered from the cantilever end to the substrate surface. A method for direct writing of conductive metal or metal precursor comprises providing a tipless cantilever having a cantilever end; providing an ink disposed at the cantilever end, wherein the ink comprises one or more metals, one or more metallic nanoparticles, or one or more metal salts; providing a substrate surface; and contacting the cantilever end and the substrate surface so that ink is delivered from the cantilever end to the substrate surface.

Abstract: An electrode manufacturing apparatus comprises a conveying section for conveying a current collector sheet having a plurality of through holes; a backup roll for guiding the conveyed current collector sheet; an applicator for supplying a coating liquid to the current collector sheet on the backup roll; and a nip roll for pressing a part of the current collector sheet where the coating liquid is not supplied yet from the applicator against the backup roll.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead (10) has at least one electrode, with exposed metal region(s) (16) of the electrode surface having a coating of inert metal, In use of the printhead, the inert metal coating functions to protect the underlying metal surface of the electrode, and in particular protects the electrode from corrosion to aqueous or other ion-containing inks. The invention is of particular benefit in piezoelectric printheads.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochemical capacitor comprising a positive electrode exhibiting an irreversible capacity for extending the potential range during a charge/discharge cycle, a negative electrode composed of a material which is capable of reversibly adsorbing/desorbing lithium ions, and an electrolyte solution composed of an organic solvent containing lithium ions.

Abstract: A wiring material contains copper, nitrogen, and a dopant which is more readily oxidized than copper in an Ellingham diagram, the dopant being added to the wiring material at a rate of not less than 0.5 at. % and not more than 10 at. %.

Abstract: An ultrawideband antenna for use in communications equipment, comprising a first folded branch antenna element with an electrical connection at a first end and a second folded branch antenna element with an electrical connection at a first end. The folded branch antenna elements are of a triangular shape, or a combination of polygonal shapes. By using the present invention, the volume of an antenna is reduced and the ultra wide bandwidth can be achieved.

Abstract: Implementations and techniques for metal air batteries including a composite anode are generally disclosed.

Abstract: Process for producing organoamine-stabilized silver nanoparticles with a molar ratio of silver salt to organoamine of about 1:4 to about 1:10 are disclosed. The process includes: forming a solution including an organic solvent and a first amount of organoamine; adding silver salt particles to the solution; adding a second amount of organoamine to the solution; adding a hydrazine to the solution; and reacting the solution to form an organoamine-stabilized silver nanoparticles.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, a method includes: forming at least one first monolayer of first material on a surface of a substrate by performing a first plurality of cycles of atomic layer deposition; thereafter, annealing the formed at least one first monolayer of first material under a first inert atmosphere at a first temperature between about 650° C. and about 900° C.; thereafter, forming at least one second monolayer of second material by performing a second plurality of cycles of atomic layer deposition, where the formed at least one second monolayer of second material at least partially overlies the annealed at least one first monolayer of first material; and thereafter, annealing the formed at least one second monolayer of second material under a second inert atmosphere at a second temperature between about 650° C. and about 900° C.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor includes a ceramic rod, a first metal layer deposited on the ceramic rod, a ceramic layer deposited on the first metal layer, and a second metal layer deposited on the ceramic layer. The first metal layer serves as a source electrode, and the second metal layer serves as a detection electrode. In another embodiment, a particulate matter sensor includes a metal rod, a ceramic sheet deposited or wrapped around the ceramic rod, and a metal layer deposited on the ceramic layer or sheet. The metal rod serves as a source electrode, and the second metal layer serves as a detection electrode.

Abstract: A power rail includes an aluminum body and a wear coating including stainless steel. The power rail may also include a break-in coating having a lower hardness than the wear coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing microelectronic topographies, a method of use of such an apparatus, and a method for passivating hardware of microelectronic processing chambers are provided. The apparatus includes a substrate holder configured to support a microelectronic topography and a rotatable case with sidewalls arranged on opposing sides of the substrate holder. The method of using such an apparatus includes positioning a microelectronic topography upon a substrate holder of a processing chamber, exposing the microelectronic topography to a fluid within the processing chamber, and rotating a case of the processing chamber. The rotation is sufficient to affect movement of the fluid relative to the surface of the microelectronic topography. A method for passivating hardware of a microelectronic processing chamber includes exposing the hardware to an organic compound and subsequently exposing the hardware to an agent configured to form polar bonds with the organic compound.

Abstract: Provided are battery electrode structures that maintain high mass loadings (i.e., large amounts per unit area) of high capacity active materials in the electrodes without deteriorating their cycling performance. These mass loading levels correspond to capacities per electrode unit area that are suitable for commercial electrodes even though the active materials are kept thin and generally below their fracture limits. A battery electrode structure may include multiple template layers. An initial template layer may include nanostructures attached to a substrate and have a controlled density. This initial layer may be formed using a controlled thickness source material layer provided, for example, on a substantially inert substrate. Additional one or more template layers are then formed over the initial layer resulting in a multilayer template structure with specific characteristics, such as a surface area, thickness, and porosity.

Abstract: A galvanic element includes a mercury-free negative electrode which consists essentially of a metal or a metal alloy and a nonmetallic conductive agent. A method for producing a galvanic element includes a mercury-free negative electrode produced from a powder of metal or metal alloy particles, surfaces of which are at least partially coated with a nonmetallic conductive agent.

Abstract: Secondary batteries for automobiles require good input/output characteristics and low internal resistance. Conventionally, the surface of an active material is coated with metal particles to reduce the internal resistance of a battery, but without achieving remarkable improvement in the conductivity of the active material or decreasing the internal resistance of the battery since an oxide film is formed on the metal particle surfaces. The present electrode material is produced by mixing and dispersing an active material and a metal source compound, then depositing metal particles on the surface of the active material by thermal decomposition, vapor phase reduction, liquid phase reduction or a chemical reaction combining any of these. Since an oxide film is not formed on the metal particles, an electrode material having high conductivity is obtained. The electrode material decreases the internal resistance of a battery and improves the input/output characteristics of a battery.

Abstract: Provided is a conductive substrate which is prepared by forming a pattern-shaped metal fine particle sintered film such as a copper wiring and the like on a base material of polyimide and the like and which has a high adhesive property with the base material and is provided with an excellent conductivity. The conductive substrate of the present invention is prepared by printing a coating liquid containing metal or metal oxide fine particles on a base material to form a print layer and subjecting the above print layer to sintering treatment to form a metal fine particle sintered film, wherein a crystallite diameter in the metal fine particle sintered film which is measured by X ray diffraction is 25 nm or more, and a cross section of the metal fine particle sintered film has a void rate of 1% or less.

Abstract: A gas sensor element includes a solid electrolyte body having oxygen ion conductivity and electrode layers formed on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte body configuring a pair of electrodes. The gas sensor element detects concentration of a selected component included in a measured gas. In the gas sensor element, closed pores having an average pore diameter of 5 nm or more and 120 nm or less are dispersed in the electrode layers, porosity measured by cross-sectional observation of the electrode layers is 1% or more and 18% or less, and 90% or more of the closed pores is dispersed within metal grains forming the electrode layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode for electrolytic processes with evolution of hydrogen comprising a metal substrate with a noble metal-based activation layer and two protective layers, one interposed between the activation layer and the substrate and one external, containing an electroless-depositable alloy of a metal comprising one of nickel, cobalt and iron with a non-metal selected from phosphorus and boron, with the optional addition of a transition element selected between tungsten and rhenium.

Abstract: The ultraviolet shielding compound is highly transparent in the visible light spectrum and shields approximately 100% of ultraviolet A (UVA), ultraviolet B (UVB) and ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation. The ultraviolet shielding compound is formed from polyvinyl alcohol (PYA) doped with phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40). Preferably, the ratio of phosphotungstic acid to polyvinyl alcohol is 1. The ultraviolet shielding compound may be formed by first making a polymeric solution of polyvinyl alcohol dissolved in deionized water. Next, phosphotungstic acid is dissolved in deionized water to form an acidic solution. The acidic solution is added to the polymeric solution to form a mixture. The mixture is then thickened and cast. The cast mixture may then be dried to produce the ultraviolet shielding compound in the form of a flexible film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive fine particle capable of suppressing a blackening phenomenon during storage and thus providing high connection reliability; an anisotropic conductive material containing the conductive fine particle; and a connection structure. The conductive particle which has a base fine particle, and a conductive layer and a low-melting point metal layer that are formed in the stated order on the surface of the base fine particle, wherein the low-melting point metal layer has an arithmetic mean surface roughness of 50 nm or lower.

Abstract: A laminated electronic component is configured to include substrate plating films disposed on outer surfaces of an electronic component main body through direct plating such that external terminal electrodes are connected to exposed portions of internal conductors (internal electrodes), and the average particle diameter of metal particles defining the substrate plating film is at least about 1.0 ?m. The external terminal electrode includes at least one layer of an upper plating film disposed on the substrate plating film. The metal particles defining the substrate plating film are Cu particles.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a pH level of a sample medium is disclosed herein as including a pH probe having a pH-sensitive electrode, a reference electrode and a temperature electrode arranged within a housing of the pH probe. The probe housing generally includes a flexible inner tube and a flexible outer tube, the inner tube being concentrically arranged within the outer tube. Preferably, a size of the probe housing minimizes the amount of trauma introduced by insertion of the pH probe into physiological tissues, muscles or fluids. The system also includes a processing means, which is coupled to the pH probe for determining the pH of the sample medium. A method of forming a pH-sensitive electrode, a method of manufacturing a pH probe, and a method for using a pH probe are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A separator carries lithium particles on its surface. Using the separator, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a high initial efficiency and improved cycle retentivity is available.

Abstract: A process for coating metallic surfaces with an anti-corrosive composition that contains a conductive polymer and is a dispersion that contains the at least one conductive polymer mainly or entirely in particulate form, as well as a binder system. The conductive polymer is at least one polymer based on polyphenylene, polyfuran, polyimidazole, polyphenanthrene, polypyrrole, polythiophene and polythiophenylene charged with anti-corrosive mobile anions. Alternatively, the metallic surfaces can be first coated with a dispersion based on conductive polymers in particulate form, then coated with a composition which contains a binder system.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal can have a photoluminescent quantum yield of at least 90%, at least 95%, or at least 98%. The nanocrystal can be made by sequentially contacting a nanocrystal core with an M-containing compound and an X donor, where at least one of the M-containing compound and the X donor is substoichiometric with respect to forming a monolayer on the nanocrystal core.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a time delay to a shortened trace in a differential microstrip trace pair. By adding back metal to a ground plane associated with a DC blocking capacitor, a time delay can be added to the shortened trace. The cutout associated with the longer trace remains unaltered. In a further embodiment, both cutouts can be modified with the addition of metal, with the cutout associated with the shorter trace receiving more metal than the other cutout. In a further embodiment of the present invention, a cutout associated with a connector can be modified to add back metal in the cutout. The cutout associated with the shorter trace is modified while the other cutout is left unchanged.