Abstract: Wood is impregnated with a resin forming liquid, the impregnated wood is placed into a pressure vessel, and a medium of high heat capacity, such as steam, is introduced into the pressure vessel. The medium is heated above its boiling point to start curing the resin forming liquid, the heated medium cooling down at least to its phase transition temperaure as it delivers heat, and interrupting the introduction of the medium into the vessel whereby the medium is condensed on the surfaces of the impregnated wood and functions as a coolant.

Abstract: Wood is colored both at its surface and interior by coating silicone treating liquid and heating to a temperature above about 170.degree. C to effect color change. The treating liquid, at the coloring temperature, must be sufficiently heat stable so as to maintain the continuity of the coating and substantially inert to the primary constituents of the wood.

Abstract: Aqueous ammoniacal wood treating compositions are provided which have a pH of 9 or more. The cations are zinc ammonium or copper ammonium and zinc ammonium ions. The anions include arsenic or arsenious ions, as well as further anions of carbonate and/or bicarbonate. The weight ratio of zinc or zinc and copper (as oxide) to arsenic (as oxide) is greater than 1.5. Preferably, the weight ratio of CO.sub.2 /NH.sub.3 /Zn/As or CO.sub.2 /NH.sub.3 /Zn+Cu/As is 1.7-2.3/5.9-6.7/1.9-2.9/.9. The compositions provide a treated wood product with increased leaching resistance of arsenic. Treating procedures and treated wood products are also provided.

Abstract: Improved preparation of densified wood reinforced with a resole phenolic resin is accomplished by impregnating wood with a solution of the resin in the presence of about 0.6 to 4 parts of methanol, acetone, or mixture thereof per part by weight of the solids content of the resin under a pressure of about 10-50 Kgs/cm.sup.2 and thereafter drying and curing the resin-impregnated wood. The resultant product has an enhanced content of cured resin and greater bending strength than densified wood prepared by conventional resin impregnating techniques.

Abstract: A translucent panel is made up of one or more pieces of translucent wood. Each piece of wood is cut to less than one-half inch in thickness in the direction of the grain of the wood and is then impregnated with an initially liquid polymerizable material curable to a translucent solid. The influx of this material into the cells of the wood is induced by a sequence of intermiscible liquids, and/or by vacuum, with provision being made for the clearing of air bubble accumulation as the liquid displaces the entrained air in the wood. The absorbed material is cured so that the tubular cell structure of the wood is filled with a translucent solid, thereby causing the wood to become translucent. The completed panel is installed in proximity to a light source to form a light fixture.

Abstract: Wood preservative, moisture-repellent and decay resistant compositions coising pentachlorophenol and gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane dissolved in major proportions of 2-butoxyethanol with a trace of water; and sodium pentachlorophenate with said silane in the presence of approximately equal proportions of water and 2-butoxyethanol.

Abstract: Chemical compositions are disclosed for imparting fire retardancy to wood comprising an aqueous solution of partially reacted monomethylol dicyanadiamide, melamine and phosphoric acid having a molar ratio of ingredients of monomethylol dicyandiamide to melamine of from about 11.5:1.0 to about 3.0:1.0 and a mole ratio of phosphoric acid to monomethylol dicyandiamide plus melamine of from about 1.0:1.0 to 1.0:1.5. The wood is impregnated with dilute aqueous solutions of the partially reacted chemical composition and then cured in the wood to impart to the wood low hygroscopic, leach resistant, fire retardant properties.

Abstract: Compositions suitable for use in bulking timber, and method for bulking timber comprising impregnating timber with said compositions, drying the treated timber, and curing the bulking compositions by heating, are provided. The composition comprises at least one modified polyol in which at least two of the free hydroxyl groups have been converted to -0-3-alkylenamido ether groups; an amino resin precursor containing reactive N-hydroxymethyl groups; a curing catayst for catalyzing the curing of the composition when heated; and a polar solvent capable of swelling wood. The starting polyol is preferably sucrose, and the amino resin is preferably ureaformaldehyde precursor. The compositions remain stable for prolonged periods of time at ambient temperatures, and timber bulked with the compositions in accordance with the method have excellent dimensional stability.

Abstract: Surface accumulation of crystalline treating agents, such as pentachlorophenol, and water insoluble extracted wood resins, developed during solvent removal after pressure impregnation, and readily removed by contacting the so treated wood while still in a heated condition with liquid solvent thereby causing ebullient boiling of the solvent at the surface effecting a cleaning action and dissolution of the removed crystalline agent in the body of the solvent. If the solvent is contacted with the hot surface and removed immediately following cessation of ebullient boiling no additional post treatment is necessary to remove solvent from the surface of the wood. If desired a light (short duration) post steaming, however, may be employed without adverse effect, i.e., bringing more treating agent to the surface which would again permit crystallization of the agent at the surface.

Abstract: Unit loads of wood, surrounded by a small quantity of liquid, are impregnated in sturdy vessels provided with a cover. After or during an impregnation period under vacuum, the impregnation is completed by subjecting the liquid and the wood to pressure surges or impacts of such an intensity that the wood is deformed in the direction of length of the fibers or in the radial or tangential direction thereof within a range between the average pressure causing breakdown of the wood material and one-third of that average pressure. Intensity of pressure surges increases as the vessels are filled with impregnation liquid. Pressure waves may be produced by means of either compressed air, steam or explosive gas. A connecting chamber is provided for preparation and storage of the impregnation liquid.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of wood of all kinds to impregnate the wood fully to its core with a resin component system, simultaneously with, or without, a flame retarding agent, or preservative, the process involving enclosing the wood in a chamber, evacuating the chamber in which it is enclosed in a slow time cycle, related to the structure of the wood, while adding a prepolymer aqueous solution to submerge the wood, continuing the vacuum, securing the vacuum, and applying pressure of prepolymer solution until the wood reaches the refusal point and, in certain more dense woods, repeating the vacuum and pressure cycle; then completely purging the chemicals, evacuating the chamber and drawing a final vacuum on the wood for removal of surface liquid, and finally removing wood from the chamber.

Abstract: An improved method of impregnating wood with a preservative is achieved by using halogenated solvents as carriers for the preservative or other wood treating chemicals and removing the carrier from the treated wood by treatment with steam. Benefits derived from this process include fewer steps, substantially complete removal of solvent, and the production of a natural appearing wood product having a surface suitable for painting.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for impregnating fibrous material, or members having organized capillary networks such as wood, with impregnating fluid and it comprises a pressure vessel in which material to be treated is placed. Impregnating fluid is introduced into the pressure vessel and the pressure is isostatically increased in a cntrolled manner thereby causing the impregnating fluid to be distributed throughout substantially all of the material.

Abstract: Chromated copper arsentate wood preserving solutions in which the ratio of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium in the solution is between about 4.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.0 give improved penetration into the wood, better retention of preservative in the wood, and improved stability of the treating solution. The solutions contain an acid to maintain the required pH, prevent corrosion, and further improve the solution stability.

Abstract: 1,1,2,4-Tetrabromobutene-2 is an effective flame-retardant for wood.

Abstract: Wood veneers are compression treated by passing the veneers between compression rollers while submerged in a treating solution. The veneers are passed between the rollers in multiple layers with the direction of feed being parallel to the grain or cell orientation of the veneers. The veneers have an original moisture content above the fiber saturation point and are compressed to about one-half their original thickness.

Abstract: An aqueous wood treating and/or preservative composition is provided. The composition has a pH of 9 or more. Of the ions present in the composition, the cations are copper ammonium and/or zinc ammonium ions, while the anions include arsenic or arsenious ions, as well as further anions of an acid ester of phosphoric acid or carbonate or bicarbonate or both such acid ester of phosphoric acid and a, which anions have a solubility of .gtoreq.0.2% in concentrated (28%) aqueous ammonia. The further anions are derived from components which are insoluble in water. Wood treating procedures and treated wood products so-provided are also provided.

Abstract: Hardboard and other wood articles are made fire resistant by immersing the wood in a molten ammonium phosphate salt batn, preferably monoammonium phosphate.