Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and a method of making the apparatus. The method comprises obtaining a plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks. Each of the plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks may have a first surface and a second surface. The second surface may be opposite to the first surface. The method may further comprise bonding the plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks by respective first surfaces to a first semiconductor wafer. The plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks forming a radiation absorption layer. The method may further comprise forming a plurality of electrodes on respective second surfaces of each of the plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks, depositing pillars on each of the plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks and bonding the plurality of semiconductor single crystal chunks to a second semiconductor wafer by the pillars.

Abstract: A scintillator panel for converting radiation into scintillation light, the scintillator panel includes a substrate having a front surface and a back surface, and formed with a plurality of convex portions projecting from the front surface in a predetermined direction toward the front surface from the back surface and a concave portion defined by the convex portions, a plurality of first scintillator sections formed on the respective convex portions of the substrate, and a second scintillator section formed on the bottom surface of the concave portion of the substrate, and the first scintillator section has a first portion extending along the predetermined direction from an upper surface of the convex portion and a second portion extending along the predetermined direction from side surfaces of the convex portion so as to contact with the first portion, the first and second portions are composed of a plurality of columnar crystals of a scintillator material, the first scintillator sections are separated from

Abstract: An x-ray detector that is suitable for both imaging and dose rate measurement has a hybrid photoactive layer arranged between an electrode and a substrate. The hybrid photoactive layer includes a number of scintillators as well as a bulk heterojunction and is designed to produce indirect x-ray conversion. The bulk heterojunction absorbs the scintillator radiation to form electron-hole pairs that are detected electrically. The production takes place by a spraying process, in particular a co-spraying process of bulk heterojunction solution and scintillator particle suspension.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for producing display devices for forming deposited patterns conforming to pixels on a substrate by means of elongated evaporation sources and a deposition mask having regularly arranged apertures, the method including the steps of arranging the deposition mask and the substrate in such a way that the long sides of the apertures and pixels are parallel to the lengthwise direction of the evaporation sources irrespective of the direction in which the display panel regions are arranged within the substrate; and moving the substrate and the deposition mask relative to the evaporation sources, thereby forming the deposited patterns conforming to the pixels on the substrate.

Abstract: A radiation image converting panel has a structure capable of arbitrarily controlling a change in luminance distribution of an entire panel surface after formation of a moisture-resistant protective film. The radiation image converting panel comprises a radiation converting film doped with Eu and covered with a moisture-resistant protective film. The Eu concentration in the radiation converting film is preliminarily adjusted such that the Eu concentration at a central portion or peripheral portion of the film falls within an optimal range, and the other film portion is provided with a positive or negative concentration gradient such that the Eu concentration thereof gradually become higher or lower than the optimal range. The luminance distribution of the entire panel in which the moisture-resistant protective film has been formed can be controlled by providing the Eu concentration to be added with a concentration gradient.

Abstract: A target for X-ray generation has a substrate and a target portion. The substrate is comprised of diamond and has a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposed to each other. A bottomed hole is formed from the first principal surface side in the substrate. The target portion is comprised of a metal deposited from a bottom surface of the hole toward the first principal surface. An entire side surface of the target portion is in close contact with an inside surface of the hole.

Abstract: Scintillation materials of this invention have an alkali halide host material, a (first) scintillation dopant of various types, and a variety of second dopants (co-dopants). In another embodiment, the scintillation materials of this invention have an alkali halide host material, a (first) scintillation dopant of various types, a variety of second dopants (co-dopants), and a variety of third dopants (co-dopants). Co-dopants of this invention are capable of providing a second auxiliary luminescent cation dopant, capable of introducing an anion size and electronegativity mismatch, capable of introducing a mismatch of anion charge, or introducing a mismatch of cation charge in the host material.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation image conversion panel having strong resistance to physical impact, and in which enhanced sharpness and adhesion are balanced, especially, enhanced adhesion of a photostimulable phosphor layer onto a support is achieved, and a preparation method of the radiation image conversion panel. The radiation image conversion panel comprising on a support a sublayer and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer in this order from the support, featured in that the photostimulable phosphor layer is formed by a gas phase method and has a thickness of not less than 50 ?m, and the sublayer comprises a thermoplastic resin and the thickness of the central portion in an image area of the sublayer is greater than that of the peripheral portion of the image area.

Abstract: Bi12MO20 material particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 2 ?m, which are filled in an aerosolization chamber, are shaken/agitated together with carrier gas in a high-pressure gas cylinder which stores the carrier gas, thereby being aerosolized. The aerosolized Bi12MO20 material particles are injected together with the carrier gas onto a substrate from a nozzle in a film-forming chamber, the nozzle including a narrow opening, and the Bi12MO20 material particles are deposited onto the substrate, thereby being formed into a film.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a radiation image conversion panel exhibiting excellent properties in luminance and sharpness, and a preparation method thereof. Provided also is a drastically increased amount of stimulated luminescence of a post-manufacture radiation image conversion panel. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a radiation image conversion panel in which a stimulable phosphor layer having a thickness of not less than 50 ?m is formed on a support vapor deposition and then is heat-treated, wherein a ratio of transmittance T/T0 (T represents transmittance after heat-treating, and T0 before heat-treating) at a stimulated luminescence wavelength of the stimulable phosphor is 0.5?T/T0?10. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing a radiation image conversion panel via conducting a process of soaking in a halogenated solvent, as well as a process of heating a phosphor panel possessing a stimulable phosphor layer.

Abstract: A method of making a solid state thermal transfer device includes first and second electrically conductive substrates that are positioned opposite from one another. The solid state thermal transfer device also includes a sealing layer disposed between the first and second electrically conductive substrates and a plurality of hollow structures having a conductive material, wherein the plurality of hollow structures is contained by the sealing layer between the first and second electrically conductive substrates.

Abstract: A computed radiography plate including a substrate is provided. The computed radiography plate also includes at least one phosphor layer disposed above the substrate. The computed radiography plate also includes a protective layer disposed above the phosphor layer. The computed radiography plate further includes multiple patterns inscribed within at least one of the phosphor layer, the protective layer or the substrate.

Abstract: A solid state thermal transfer device includes first and second electrically conductive substrates that are positioned opposite from one another. The solid state thermal transfer device also includes a sealing layer disposed between the first and second electrically conductive substrates and a plurality of hollow structures having a conductive material, wherein the plurality of hollow structures is contained by the sealing layer between the first and second electrically conductive substrates.

Abstract: A binderless storage phosphor screen with needle shaped crystals, wherein the phosphor is an alkalihalide phosphor and the needles show high [100] unit cell orientation in the plane of the screen.

Abstract: Bismuth salt and metal alkoxide are reacted with each other under an acidic condition, and a Bi12MO20 precursor solution (where M is at least one of Ge, Si and Ti) is obtained. The obtained Bi12MO20 precursor solution is concentrated to be formed into gel, and the gel Bi12MO20 precursor is fired to be formed into powder. The powder is mixed with a binder and coated on a support, and so on. In such a way, a photoconductive layer, which is formed of a bismuth oxide-series complex oxide with a high collection effect of charges generated and small electric noise, is manufactured.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a radiation image conversion panel which comprises the steps of: effecting aggregate reduction for a calcined product of a stimulable phosphor by dispersion in a dispersion medium, to thereby obtain a slurry; removing grains therefrom that are of at least a predetermined size by wet classification; thereafter adding a binder, with the dispersion medium being substituted by a solvent when necessary, to thereby prepare a phosphor layer coating material; and subsequently applying the coating material onto a surface of a support and drying.

Abstract: A method for producing CsX:Eu stimulable phosphors and screens or panels provided with said phosphors as powder phosphors or vapor deposited needle-shaped phosphors suitable for use in image forming methods for recording and reproducing images of objects made by high energy radiation, wherein said CsX:Eu stimulable phosphors are essentially free from oxygen in their crystal structure, and wherein X represents a halide selected from the group consisting of Br, Cl and combinations thereof, and wherein the method further comprises the steps of mixing CsX with a compound or combinations of precursor compounds having as a composition CsxEuyX?x+?y, wherein the ratio of x to y exceeds a value of 0.25, wherein ??2 and wherein X? is a halide selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I and combinations thereof; heating said mixture at a temperature above 450° C.; cooling said mixture, and optionally annealing and recovering said CsX:Eu phosphor.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a radiation image storage phosphor layer on a support layer, wherein said method comprises a vapor depositing step of raw materials of an alkali metal halide salt and a lanthanide dopant salt or a combination thereof in order to ensure vapor deposition of a binderless storage phosphor layer from one or more resistance-heated crucible(s) in a vapor deposition apparatus, wherein one or more shutters are positioned between said crucible(s) and said support, at the time said vapor depositing step starts while opening said shutter(s), a start temperature is measured on and registered by means of a thermocouple positioned close to the support at the back side of the support, opposite to the side of the support where vapor becomes deposited in order to form said binderless storage phosphor layer, of less than 250° C., but not less than 100° C., when an additional heating is applied.

Abstract: The radiation image conversion panel includes a substrate and a phosphor layer formed on the substrate by vapor-phase deposition in a vacuum chamber, the phosphor layer being repaired for projections generated on a surface of the phosphor layer or recesses resulting therefrom. The process for producing a radiation image conversion panel forms a phosphor layer on a substrate by vapor-phase deposition in a vacuum chamber, repairs the phosphor layer for projections generated on a surface of the phosphor layer or recesses resulting therefrom and subjects the phosphor layer to a thermal treatment to obtain the radiation image conversion panel.

Abstract: The radiation image conversion panel includes a substrate and a phosphor layer of columnar crystals formed on the substrate by vapor-phase deposition, with a column diameter distribution of the columnar crystals having two or more peaks. The process for producing a radiation image conversion panel prepares a substrate on which two or more types of projections different in diameter are formed and satisfies Expression “0.4R?r?0.8R” where R is a diameter of a largest projection and r is a diameter of any one of the remainder in the two or more types of projections, thereby making a surface of the substrate uneven and forms a phosphor layer on the uneven surface of the substrate by vapor-phase deposition.

Abstract: The process for producing a radiation image conversion panel forms a phosphor layer on a substrate by vapor-phase deposition in a vacuum chamber and subjects the formed phosphor layer to a thermal treatment to obtain the radiation image conversion panel. The phosphor layer is protected by a selectively permeable cover after completion of the vapor-phase deposition until completion of the thermal treatment. Or the foreign matter on a surface of the phosphor layer is removed prior to the thermal treatment performed on the phosphor layer.

Abstract: In favor of lowering corrosion of a radiation image phosphor or scintillator panel comprising, as a layer arrangement of consecutive layers, an anodized aluminum support, a sublayer and a phosphor or scintillator layer having needle-shaped phosphor or scintillator crystals, said sublayer comprises an inorganic metal oxide or a metal compound and has a thickness in the range from 0.1 ?m to 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel which is provided with a stimulable phosphor substance layer containing a stimulable phosphor substance formed by a gas phase accumulation method on a support, wherein said stimulable phosphor substance layer is constituted of a columnar crystal structure, and slopes D1 and D2 satisfy 0°?|D1?D2|?40°, when acute angles formed by said radiation image storage panel surface and axial lines passing through the center of said columnar crystals, with respect to columnar crystals at arbitrary two points in the radiation image storage panel plane, are designated as slopes of columnar crystals, D1 and D2.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising at least a stimulable phosphor, a binder, and a mixed solvent is prepared. The mixed solvent comprises a low boiling temperature solvent having a viscosity of at most 0.6 mPa·s and a high boiling temperature solvent having a viscosity higher than 0.6 mPa·s, boiling temperatures of the low boiling temperature solvent and the high boiling temperature solvent being different by at least 10° C. from each other. The coating composition is applied onto a substrate and dried, and a stimulable phosphor layer is thereby formed on the substrate. The boiling temperature of the low boiling temperature solvent may be at most 110° C., and the boiling temperature of the high boiling temperature solvent may fall within the range of 110° C. to 220° C. The thus formed stimulable phosphor layer has uniform stimulable phosphor density, and a radiation image storage panel exhibiting little nonuniformity in light emission is capable of being produced.

Abstract: A phosphor layer for an electroluminescent panel comprises a phosphor powder held in a binder. The binder comprises a mixture of two constituents, one of which is a drying oil or a semi-drying oil or a derivative and the other constituent is a sol-gel precursers. Examples of suitable oils are linseed oil, rape seed oil, sunflower oil and soyabean oil. Examples of suitable sol-gel precursers are tetraethyl orthosilicate, boron iso-propoxide, aluminium sec-butoxide and titanium iso-propoxide. Metal salts such as metal alkoxides, metal acetates and metal nitrates may be mixed with the sol-gel precursers.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation image conversion panel having a sufficient quantity of emitted light and high graininess. The radiation image conversion panel has a phosphor layer containing a stimulable phosphor and a binder. The phosphor layer has at least two layers, and an amount or weight of a binder to a stimulable phosphor in an uppermost layer of the phosphor layer is greater than that of a binder to a stimulable phosphor in other layer than the uppermost layer.

Abstract: A radiation image conversion panel exhibiting enhanced luminance and superior sharpness is disclosed, comprising on a support a stimulable phosphor layer, wherein the stimulable phosphor layer which has been formed by gas phase deposition has a thickness of 50 ?m to 1 mm, and a protective layer composed of a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin is further provided on the stimulable phosphor layer.

Abstract: An organic film vapor deposition method includes a first step of supporting a substrate formed with a scintillator on at least three protrusions of a target-support element disposed on a vapor deposition table so as to keep a distance from the vapor deposition table; a second step of introducing the vapor deposition table having the substrate supported by the target-support element into a vapor deposition chamber of a CVD apparatus; and a third step of depositing an organic film by CVD method onto all surfaces of the substrate, provided with the scintillator, introduced into the vapor deposition chamber.

Abstract: A radiation image converging panel comprising a support having thereon a stimulable phosphor layer produced by a vapor phase method so as to have a thickness of 50 ?m to 10 mm, wherein the stimulable phosphor layer comprises:(i) a stimulable phosphor; and (ii) an alkaline metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound each having a different crystal structure from the stimulable phosphor, and an amount of the alkaline metal compound or the alkaline earth metal compound being 10 to 1000 ppm by weight based on the total weight of the stimulable phosphor layer.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel. The panel has a supported layer of storage phosphor particles dispersed in a binding medium, and adjacent thereto, between the layer and a support having reflective properties, a layer arrangement of intermediate layers inbetween the layer and the support. The layer arrangement consists of an antihalation undercoat layer containing one or more dye(s), the layer being situated more close to the support, and an adhesion improving layer situated more close to the layer of storage phosphor particles, and wherein the adhesion improving layer is hardened to a lesser extent than the antihalation undercoat layer.

Abstract: An underlayer of a phosphor layer is disposed on a sensor panel including two-dimensionally arranged photoelectric conversion devices. The surface of the underlayer is subjected to atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. The phosphor layer is formed on the surface-treated underlayer. Then, the phosphor layer is covered with a moisture-resistant protective layer, a reflection layer, and another protective layer. Thus, the phosphor layer is prevented from peeling due to adhesion failure, and is constituted of uniformly shaped crystals by vapor deposition. A resulting radiation detecting apparatus exhibits high sensitivity and high definition, producing a uniform photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a radiographic image conversion panel having a photostimulable phosphor layer on a support. The method includes: setting a distance between a photostimulable phosphor basic material and a substrate 7 to 60 cm; controlling a temperature of the substrate; and evaporating the photostimulable phosphor basic material in a vacuum of 1.0×10−2 Pa with an evaporation speed of 0.5 &mgr;m/min or more, to form a photostimulable phosphor in the photostimulable phosphor layer by a vapor phase method. The evaporation speed is preferably in a range of 0.5 to 10 &mgr;m/min.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel, including at least one photostimulable phosphor layer. The strength ratio of a peak at a luminescence wavelength of 440 nm in an ultraviolet ray excitation wavelength of 274 nm of a photostimulable phosphor before heating the one photostimulable phosphor layer at 400° C. to that after the heating is within ±10%.

Abstract: In order to produce a one- or multidimensional detector array (9; 15, 17; 70) for detecting electromagnetic radiation, in particular for detecting X-rays, a layer composite (1) is produced. The latter has a sensor layer (3) with a material (M) sensitive to the radiation, and a carrier layer (5). In order to subdivide the sensor layer (3) into individual elements (E11, E12, . . . E1m, E21, . . . Enm) that are isolated from one another, separating spaces (7) are introduced into the sensor layer (3) by material (M) being removed. Preferably, a reflector material (R) is introduced or filled into the separating spaces (7). In order to produce a plurality of one-dimensional detector arrays (70), a structure of elements (E11, E12, . . . E1m, E21, . . . Enm) arranged in a matrix-like manner, which structure is produced by the separating spaces (7) is broken down into row portions (52, 53, . . . 63) or into column portions.

Abstract: A stimulable phosphor sheet is prepared by applying an electron beam to a stimulable phosphor or its source in a vacuum to vaporize a phosphor or its source and depositing the vaporized phosphor or source on the support, under the condition that the electron beam is applied to the stimulable phosphor or source at an accelerating voltage of 1.5 kV to 5.0 kV. The stimulable phosphor or its source is preferably in the form of a solid having a relative density of 80% to 98%.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a radiation image storage panel comprising a support and a stimulable europium-activated cesium halide phosphor layer formed on the support by heating an europium-activated cesium halide phosphor or sources for production of the europium-activated cesium halide phosphor under reduced pressure to evaporate the phosphor or phosphor source and depositing the evaporated phosphor or phosphor source on a substrate, the deposition is preferably performed under the condition that a relationship between a molar ratio of europium to cesium in the deposited stimulable phosphor layer and a temperature of the substrate satisfies all of the formulas (1) to (3):

Abstract: A portable, self-contained, electronic radioscopic imaging system uses a pulsed X-ray source, a remote X-ray sensor, and a self-contained, display and controller unit to produce, store, and/or display digital radioscopic images of an object under investigation in low voltage imaging environments such as medical applications including mammography and tissue imaging, and industrial radiography of low-density structures, or the like. The radiographic system uses an X-ray converter screen for converting impinging X-ray radiation to visible light, and thus each point impinged on the screen by X-ray radiation scintillates visible light emissions diverging from the screen. An image sensor, i.e., a CCD camera, is configured to sense the visible light from the screen. An aspheric objective lens operable with the CCD camera spatially senses visible light within a collection cone directed outwardly from the image sensor. An emission modification lens layer, e.g.

Abstract: A CsBr:Eu phosphor showing a narrow emission spectrum upon UV-excitation and panels including such a phosphor are disclosed. Also methods for preparing such a phosphor have been described.

Abstract: A radiographic image conversion panel including a support; and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer provided on the support. The layer has a film thickness of 50 &mgr;m to 1 mm, and has not less than two luminescence wavelength peaks between 350 nm and 450 nm.

Abstract: In a method for improving the optical separation of needle-shaped fluorescent layers, made from a fluorescent material, which are formed by vapor deposition on a substrate, vapor deposition is controlled so that the fluorescent layer is deposited on the substrate with a density which is reduced in comparison to the density that the fluorescent material has as a solid.

Abstract: A radiation image converting panel comprising a support having thereon a stimulable phosphor layer comprising a polymer and a stimulable phoshor produced by sublimation of a CsBr:Eu precursor, the stimulable phosphor layer having a thickness of 50 &mgr;m to 1 mm, wherein the stimulable phosphor has a spherical shape.

Abstract: A radiation image conversion panel is disclosed, comprising on a support a stimulable phosphor layer comprising a stimulable phosphor, wherein the stimulable phosphor layer is formed by vapor deposition on the support which is comprised of a polymer material. A preparation method thereof is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a phosphor layer coating solution of a radiation image conversion panel is provided, in which, at least a phosphor, a binder, a cross-linking agent which cross-links the binder by being heated, and a solvent are constituent components of the phosphor layer coating solution. The method includes a phosphor dispersing step in which the constituent components other than the cross-linking agent are mixed and stirred to disperse the phosphor such that a phosphor dispersion is prepared, a cooling step in which the phosphor dispersion prepared in the phosphor dispersing step is cooled, and a cross-linking agent adding step in which the cross-linking agent is added to the phosphor dispersion cooled in the cooling step and the dispersion is stirred such that the cross-linking agent is thoroughly mixed therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation image conversion panel comprising a substrate having thereon a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer. The stimulable phosphor layer is provided on the substrate by a vapor-phase deposition method. Further, a construction including the substrate and the protective layer has a flexibility.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel has been disclosed, said panel comprising a supported layer of storage phosphor particles dispersed in a binding medium, and adjacent thereto, between the said layer and a support having reflective properties, a layer arrangement of intermediate layers inbetween said layer and said support, characterized in that said layer arrangement consists of an antihalation undercoat layer containing one or more dye(s), said layer being situated more close to said support, and an adhesion improving layer situated more close to the said layer of storage phosphor particles, and wherein said adhesion improving layer is hardened to a lesser extent than said antihalation undercoat layer.

Abstract: There is described a process and apparatus for the physical vapor deposition of an anisotropic phosphor composition with an auto-collimating, optical waveguide structure.

Abstract: A phosphor panel with a protective coating divided in at least two layers, a layer A, being closest to said phosphor layer and a layer B farther away from said phosphor layer wherein the layer A is a layer of parylene.

Abstract: A storage phosphor panel having a storage phosphor layer, characterized in that a focusing layer (8) which comprises a multiplicity of adjacent microlenses (9) is incorporated in said storage phosphor panel and forms an outer surface of said panel.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel having a phosphor layer which is composed of a phosphor having a matrix component and an activator component is prepared by the steps of forming on a substrate a lower prismatic crystalline layer composed of the matrix component by vapor deposition; and forming on the lower prismatic crystalline layer an upper prismatic crystalline layer composed of the matrix component and the activator component by vapor deposition.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel composed of a substrate and a phosphor film of a stimulable phosphor which is composed of a mother component and an activator element and is formed by vapor deposition, is preferred to have a relationship of a molar ratio of activator element/mother component in an optionally determined one position on the phosphor film and a molar ratio of activator element/mother component in an optionally determined different position on the phosphor film satisfies the condition of 0.1≦Ra/Rb≦10 [Ra means a molar ratio of activator element/mother component in an optionally determined one position of the phosphor film and Rb means a molar ratio of activator element/mother component in an optionally determined different position of the phosphor film].