Abstract: A rocket engine component is formed as a tungsten-copper composite substrate, and a functionally-gradient material coating overlying and contacting the substrate. The functionally-gradient material coating has a composition that varies nonlinearly through a thickness of the coating so as to minimize thermal stresses through the coating, and such that the functionally-gradient material coating is tungsten adjacent to the substrate and is rhenium remote from the substrate. In a preferred form, the functionally-gradient material coating includes a tungsten sublayer overlying and contacting the substrate, a tungsten-rhenium sublayer overlying and contacting the tungsten sublayer; and a rhenium sublayer overlying and contacting the tungsten-rhenium sublayer. The functionally-gradient material coating is preferably applied by a low-temperature deposition technique such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multilayer material useful as an anti-erosion and anti-abrasion coating, and to a process for producing the multilayer material at low temperatures. The multilayer material comprises a substrate covered with at least one metallic tungsten ductile layer and at least one hard layer of a solid solution of an additional element chosen from carbon or nitrogen or a mixture of carbon and nitrogen in tungsten or a tungsten alloy, the two types of layers ar alternating. The multilayer material is particularly useful as a coating for parts used in aeronautics.

Abstract: Coated ceramic filler materials comprised of ceramic particles, fibers, whiskers, etc. having at least two substantially continuous coatings thereon are provided. The coatings are selected so that the interfacial shear strength between the ceramic filler material and the first coating, between coatings, or between the outer coating and the surrounding matrix material, are not equal so as to permit debonding and pull-our when fracture occurs. The resultant, multi-coated ceramic filler materials may be employed to provide composites, especially ceramic matrix composites, with increased fracture toughness. The ceramic filler materials are designed to be particularly compatible with ceramic matrices formed by directed oxidation of precursor metals, but such ceramic filler materials are also adaptable for use in many other composite material systems.In a preferred embodiment, the coatings are applied to the ceramic fiber plies or preforms by CVD.

Abstract: The performance of many macroscopic structures (those whose dimensions are on the order of centimeters, meters, or even larger) can be greatly improved by covering their surfaces with microstuctures. There are several applications in which "large," microstructure-covered sheets are useful. For example, dissimilar sheets of material that otherwise would not bond well to one another (such as a polymer and a metal) can be more strongly bonded with microstructures extending from one of the sheets and embedded into the other sheet. Such products make valuable laminate composites. As another example, the rate of heat transfer between an object and the surrounding medium can be dramatically changed (up or down) by covering the surface of the object with high aspect ratio microstructures, without significantly changing the component's size or weight.

Abstract: A process for the selective variation in density of particulate matter codeposited within metallic matrices deposited onto articles utilizing increased levels of rotation of said articles during plating cycle to attain said selective codeposition density. The attainment of varying densities of codeposited particulate matter in the plated layer along the surface of the substrate is particularly useful in cost reduction and improved product performance.

Abstract: A magneto-optical disk having at least one optically transparent, dimensionally stable substrate and at least one magneto-optical recording layer of a chromium-containing lanthanide/transition metal alloy, wherein the chromium concentration changes in the horizontal direction, and a process for the producton of the magneto-optical disks.

Abstract: The oxidation and corrosion resistance of a nickel-base alloy are enhanced by a process which includes first enriching the surface of an alloy substrate with platinum, as by electrolytic deposition, and then simultaneously diffusing aluminum and silicon from a molten state into the platinum-enriched substrate. The invention further provides coatings and coated substrates with enhanced oxidation and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A Zn--Mg binary coating layer formed on a steel sheet has the tri-layered structure that the first sublayer composed of a Zn--Mg alloy having Mg concentration of 0.5 wt. % or less, the second sublayer composed of a Zn--Mg alloy having Mg concentration of 7 wt. % or more and the third sublayer composed of a Zn--Mg alloy having Mg concentration of 0.5 wt. % or less are successively laminated. The coating layer may have the penta-layered structure wherein sublayers composed of a Zn--Mg alloy having Mg concentration of 2-7 wt. % are additionally interposed between the high-Mg and low-Mg sublayers. A Zn--Fe or Zn--Fe--Mg alloy layer may be formed at the boundary between the substrate steel and the coating layer. The adhesion ratio of the first sublayer to the top sublayer is preferably 1.2 or more, while the high-Mg sublayer is preferably conditioned to the mixed structure of a Zn.sub.2 Mg phase with a Mg-dissolved Zn phase.

Abstract: A zinc or zinc alloy electroplated metal sheet comprises a metal sheet having, on at least one surface thereof, a composite zinc or zinc alloy plated coating formed by electroplating with zinc or a zinc alloy in a plating solution which contains at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of alkynes, alkynols, amines and salts thereof, thio compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof. The composite plated coating has a coating weight of 0.5-200 g/m.sup.2 and contains 0.001-10 wt % of co-deposited carbon. The electroplated metal sheet has improved post-painting corrosion resistance, press formability, and spot weldability.

Abstract: A ceramic member (52) is direct-bonded to a copper composite substrate by heating to diffuse copper to the surface of the copper composite substrate (56), oxidizing the copper composite substrate following heating, placing a ceramic member in contact with the resulting oxidized substrate, and forming a copper-copper oxide eutectic (54) at the interface between the copper composite substrate and the ceramic member by heating. The eutectic, upon cooling, forms a bond between the copper composite and the ceramic.

Abstract: Steel alloys containing chromium may be hot dip aluminized in a bath having up to 15% silicon with improved wettability by using a bright preannealing practice in a box furnace having a substantially pure hydrogen atmosphere. The surfaces of the preannealed steel are easily coated if the box annealing furnace has a dew point of less than -60.degree. C. (-75.degree. F.). The preannealing should also include a minimum soak of at least 1 hour at a temperature of 675.degree. C. to 785.degree. C. (1250.degree. F. to 1450.degree. F.). It is important that the surfaces of the strip after preannealing are not removed prior to aluminizing. During the aluminizing operation, the strip temperature does not need to be heated to much above the bath temperature since the strip has already been preannealed. The furnace is maintained to avoid oxidation with an atmosphere which is typically a nitrogen, hydrogen or a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a corrosion-resistant nickel plated steel sheet or strip comprising base sheet made of a cold rolled steel sheet or strip and a nickel layer plated on at least one side thereof; in which a part or all of the nickel plated layer forms Fe-Ni diffusion layer; moreover, exposure rate of iron on a surface of the nickel plated layer is 30% and below.

Abstract: A heavily thermally stressable component comprising a graphite and a metal part, e.g., copper or a copper alloy, soldered together. Between the solder and the metal part there is an intermediate layer comprising chromium or an alloy containing a substantial proportion of chromium with copper and/or nickel additives. This special intermediate layer provides a good bond between the graphite and the metal which remains stable even under the heaviest cyclic thermal stresses.

Abstract: Thin layers of aluminum (13) and palladium (12) are deposited and annealed to produce aluminum-palladium alloy (14). The surface of the alloy (14) is exposed and treated with an aluminum etchant to produce a catalytic surface (15). The catalytic surface is used for electroless plating of nickel, providing excellent plating uniformity and adhesion, as well as a reduced plating induction time. Several variants of the basic method are possible.

Abstract: A thin-film multilayered recording medium is disclosed. The medium contains two or more magnetic thin-film sublayers separated by an isolation layer having an axial composition gradient.

Abstract: A gravure plate assembly having an elastomer pad sandwiched between a more rigid base plate and a less rigid metal top plate bearing an engraving surface.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a composite cladding comprised of a moderate-purity metal barrier of zirconium metallurgically bonded on the inside surface of a zirconium alloy tube which improves corrosion resistance. The improved corrosion resistance of the liner is accomplished by suitable heat treatment of the Zircaloy-zirconium composite cladding to allow diffusion of alloying elements, notably Fe and Ni, from the Zircaloy into the zirconium, in particular, to the inner surface of the zirconium liner. This diffusion anneal reduces the undesirable tendency of zirconium liner to oxidize rapidly.

Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy film includes: a fine crystalline phase having an average grain size of 10 nm or less and essentially consisting of Fe of b-c-c structure; and an amorphous phase containing a rare earth element or at least one of the elements, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and W, and O (oxygen) in a large amount, the fine crystalline phase and amorphous phase existing in a mixed state, with the proportion of the fine crystalline phase of Fe of b-c-c structure to the entire structure being 50% or less. A plane magnetic element employs such a soft magnetic alloy.

Abstract: Reinforcement fibers are formed from a single crystal garnet body--suitably an aluminum garnet, desirably a rare earth aluminum garnet--having an epitaxial surface layer of a second garnet having a lattice constant larger than that of the body garnet so as to provide a compressive strain, to thereby strengthen the fiber.

Abstract: A composite substrate 30 is constituted by an alumina substrate 16, a metallic layer 34, and a copper sheet 26 bonded to the alumina substrate 16 via the metallic layer 34. The metallic layer 34 is constituted by a tungsten sub-layer 34a having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a tungsten/silver-copper alloy mixture sub-layer 34b, and a silver-copper alloy sub-layer 34c having a high coefficient of thermal expansion. In the mixture sub-layer 34b, the ratio of the percentage content of the silver-copper alloy to that of the tungsten increases with distances from the alumina substrate 16.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a diffusion barrier at one or more surfaces of a protective coating. In a preferred embodiment, the protective coating is an MCrAlY coating, and the diffusion barrier is a submicron layer of rhenium atoms. The rhenium diffusion barrier is formed by condensing vaporized rhenium onto the surface of the component and substantially simultaneously bombarding the surface with an energetic beam of inert ions. The high, localized concentration of rhenium atoms at the surface(s) of the protective coating dramatically slows the diffusion of constituent elements from the coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multilayer material more particularly intended for producing an anti-erosion and anti-abrasion coating, as well as the process for producing this multilayer material. The aim of the invention is to produce a material which has a greater resistance and which can be deposited at low temperatures. This aim is achieved with the aid of a multilayer material, which is characterized in that it comprises a substrate covered with at least one metallic tungsten ductile layer and at least one hard layer of a solid solution of an additional element chosen from among carbon or nitrogen or a mixture of carbon and nitrogen in tungsten or a tungsten alloy, the two types of layers are alternating. The invention more particularly relates to the production of a coating for parts used in aeronautics.

Abstract: A magnetooptic layer made from rare-earth metals and transition metals exhibits a gradient in the alloy composition over the layer depth, and has a coercive field strength of more than 8 kOe in the temperature range of .DELTA.T=100.degree. C. around the compensation temperature T.sub.comp. The layer is fabricated with a dynamic sputter process, in which the substrates to be coated are led past one or a plurality of sputter targets, arranged in a common plane parallel to the track of the substrates. A mask is located between the sputter targets and the substrates.

Abstract: A metallic article and method for producing such an article, having a metallic substrate, at least one metallic layer sprayed onto a laser shock peened surface area of the substrate, and a region having deep compressive residual stresses imparted by laser shock peening extending into the substrate from the laser shock peened surface. The metallic substrate and or layer may be made from an alloy such as a Cobalt or a Nickel based superalloy. The substrate may be made from Nickel Base forgings or Titanium base forgings. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a gas turbine engine rotor component such a disk and, more particularly, a turbine disk suitable for use in a hot section of a gas turbine engine. The invention may be used for new or refurbished parts to restore dimensions of the component and, in particular, radial dimensions.

Abstract: A zinc-base galvanized sheet steel which comprises zinc-base plated sheet steel and, formed on the plating layer surface, an inorganic covering layer which contains at least one inorganic oxide in an amount of 1-500 mg/m.sup.2 in terms of the weight of metallic elements exclusive of oxygen and optionally contains at least one oxoacid or inorganic oxide colloid in an amount of 1-500 mg/m.sup.2 and further, as desired for improving weldability, a Zn oxide film formed between the inorganic covering layer and the zinc-base plating layer, and the process for producing said galvanized sheet steel.

Abstract: An aluminum foil to be etched for use as the electrolytic condenser electrodes is composed of a foil body of an aluminum purity of 99.9% or higher, and an oxide layer 20-70 .ANG. thick and formed due to contact of the foil body with an oxidizing atmosphere. At least one etching nuclei-forming element is concentrated in a boundary region and/or in an outermost surface region of the oxide layer, the boundary region being disposed between the foil body and the oxide layer, and both the regions having a thickness of 20 .ANG. or less. The ratio in ion intensity of a maximum concentration of the elements in these regions to a concentration of the elements in the inner layer of the foil body is 1.2-30. There are three patterns in distribution of the elements, so that the maximum concentration is in a predetermined ratio to the concentration in the surface region, the inner layer or a minimum concentration appearing between the regions.

Abstract: An improvement in a thermal barrier coating for superalloy turbine engine components subjected to high operating temperatures, such as turbine airfoils, e.g., vanes and blades, is disclosed which eliminates the expensive MCrAlY oxidation resistant bond coating underlayer for a columnar grained ceramic thermal barrier coating. In accordance with my present invention, a relatively low cost thermal barrier coating system for superalloy turbine components is provided which utilizes a diffusion aluminide coating layer as the oxidation resistant bonding surface for the columnar grained ceramic insulating coating.

Abstract: A long-life, inexpensive rotary anode for use in an X-ray tube having an X-ray generating layer formed by CVD on a graphite substrate and capable of producing high-power X-rays without the possibility of thermal cracks or delamination. When forming the X-ray generating layer of a tungsten-rhenium alloy on the graphite substrate through a rhenium intermediate layer by CVD, material gases are supplied intermittently so that the entire part or only the surface area of the X-ray generating layer will be formed of laminated structure of ultra-thin films each 0.1-5.0 microns thick. The content of rhenium in the tungsten-rhenium alloy forming the X-ray generating layer has a gradient form, i.e. increases from the interface with the rhenium intermediate layer toward the surface, so that the total amount of rhenium added can be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic support having thereon a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder resin as the main components together with abrasive particles. The ferromagnetic powder is a hexagonal ferrite fine powder having particle sizes of from 0.01 to 0.2 .mu.m and a coercive force of from 600 to 2,000 Oe. The binder resin is composed of a polyurethane resin and/or a vinyl chloride resin each having at least one kind of a polar group, the abrasive particles are composed of a fine particle abrasive having a mean particle size of from 0.1 to 0.39 .mu.m and a coarse particle abrasive having a mean particle size of from 0.4 to 1.0 .mu.m, and the density of the coarse particle abrasive distributed in the vicinity of the surface of the magnetic layer is higher than that of the coarse particle abrasive distributed in the other region of the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A coated layer of this invention is composed of a lower alloy-coated layer 2 formed of an MCrAlY alloy whose principal element is Co or Co and Ni, an upper alloy-coated layer 1 formed of an MCrAlY alloy whose principal element is Ni and a portion 4 in which an Al content of the surface portion of the upper coated layer 1 is largest and is reduced gradually towards a more internal part. Manufacturing thereof involves the steps of forming the lower and upper coated layers and effecting an Al diffusion treatment into the upper coated layer. The upper coated layer having the portion which exhibits the large Al content contributes to a high-temperature anticorrosive property. A gas turbine blade is provided with the alloy-coated layer, wherein the lower coated layer incorporates a composite function to prevent a high-temperature corrosion of a base material when cracks are caused in the upper coated layer due to thermal stress.

Abstract: A surface treated steel sheet comprises: a steel sheet containing C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, Ti, Cu and B; a diffused alloy layer containing Fe, Ni, and P; and a zinc coating layer formed on the diffused alloy layer.A method for producing a surface treated steel sheet comprises the steps of: preparing a steel sheet; coating the steel sheet with a Ni-P coating layer; heat-treating the steel sheet coated with the Ni-P coating layer; and forming a zinc coating layer on the diffused alloy layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic recording medium wherein the surface layer of the protective film of the medium is irradiated by ions to give a protective film having high reliability in resistance to sliding with the magnetic head, a process for producing the medium, an apparatus for producing the medium, and a magnetic recording apparatus having the medium mounted therein. The essentials of the present invention lie in introducing a minute surface roughness of atomic order in the surface of the protective film 5 constituting the outermost layer of a magnetic recording medium by irradiating atoms accelerated by high voltage (that is, by implanting ions) to the surface.

Abstract: A thin-film rigid disk magnetic medium is prepared having a non-magnetic substrate and a magnetic alloy layer formed on the substrate with a non-magnetic underlayer containing chromium as the main component interposed therebetween, where the magnetic alloy layer contains cobalt as the main component and not more than 8 atomic % of boron, not more than 40 atomic % of nickel, not more than 26 atomic % of chromium and not more than 10 atomic % of tantalum. Preferably, the magnetic alloy layer is formed by sputtering while a voltage relatively lower than the plasma potential is applied to the non-magnetic substrate.

Abstract: A component made of superalloy is provided with a localized coating formed from three layers by a brazing heat treatment, the layers comprising an outer layer having a composition adapted to the specific surface properties sought, an inner layer having a composition which includes flux elements, and an intermediate layer obtained by the deposition of a mixture of the materials used for the other two layers.

Abstract: Layers of zirconium oxide and another ceramic, such as alumina or silicon carbide, are sequentially deposited on a support to form a nanolaminate containing a thin layer of polycrystalline metastable tetragonal zirconia deposited on the support. A process for making a nanolaminate material of the invention is carried out by sputter deposition. Zirconia is deposited on the chosen support by vacuum sputter deposition under conditions effective to form a thin layer of polycrystalline, metastable tetragonal zirconia on the support. A hard ceramic such as alumina is then deposited on the support by vacuum sputter deposition under conditions effective to form a thin layer of hard ceramic superposed on the zirconia layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a multi-layer sliding member having a back metal and a Cu--Zn-based alloy layer bonded to the back metal with a sufficiently high bonding strength. A method of producing such a sliding member is also disclosed. The multi-layer includes a back metal, a brazing material bonded to the back metal, a diffusion mixture layer bonded to the brazing material, and a Cu--Zn-based alloy layer bonded to the diffusion mixture layer. The diffusion mixture layer is a layer in which not less than 10 wt. % Ni, components of the Cu--Zn-based alloy and components of the brazing material are mixed with one another. The diffusion mixture layer has a thickness of 5.about.300 .mu.m.

Abstract: A pyrophoric coating formed by leaching aluminum from an aluminide coated web in which the aluminide coating was formed on or into the web by an exothermic and diffusion reaction of a powder containing aluminum and chromium with or without a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel or cobalt and in which the weight ratio of chromium to aluminum is at least 1:50 but no more than about 1:4.

Abstract: In connection with a process of implementing galvanizing and galvannealing on steel strips containing highly oxidizable elements such as Si, Mn, P, Ti, Nb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, V, Cr, and B, after annealing in a continuous line or implementing electroplating after annealing, the present invention provides a method for restraining non-plating at low cost in a stable manner and a surface treated steel strip having minimal non-plating. By applying on at least one surface of a steel strip a Fe plating having a coating weight of 0.1-10 g/m.sup.2 and an oxygen content of 0.1-10 wt %, followed by annealing and then zinc or zinc alloy plating, there is obtained a surface treated steel strip having minimal plating defects which includes a Fe plating layer immediately below a zinc or zinc alloy plating layer and a steel alloying element concentrated stratum immediately below the Fe plating layer. The Fe plating may be formed using an electroplating bath which contains 0.1-10 g/l of Fe.sup.

Abstract: A magnetic thin-film media with high coercivity and low noise characteristics is disclosed. The medium has a gradient-composition thin-film magnetic layer in which a lowermost stratum is composed of a first alloy, preferably, having relatively low noise and low magnetic remanence characteristics, and an uppermost stratum composed of a second alloy having relatively high noise and high magnetic remanence characteristics. The medium is characterized by a coercivity which is substantially greater, and a media noise which is substantially less than that of a similar medium whose magnetic thin-film layer is composed of either the first or second alloy alone. Also disclosed is a method of producing such a medium.

Abstract: A coated article comprises a base article having a substrate made of a material selected from the group consisting of a nickel-base alloy and a cobalt-base alloy, an intermediate metallic coating structure, and a thermal barrier coating. The intermediate metallic coating structure may be a protective layer of platinum, rhodium, or palladium on the base article, with no bond coat. The intermediate metallic coating may also be a bond coat, either oxidized or unoxidized, with a protective layer of platinum, rhodium, or palladium thereon. The protective layer typically partially interdiffuses with the underlying metallic structure.

Abstract: An article coated with a thermal barrier coating system for high temperature use, has its thermal cyclic spallation life improved by the application of an aluminide to the outer portion of a bonding coating disposed on a substrate. The bond coating has a surface roughness in the range of about 200-600 microinches Ra prior to application of covering thermal barrier coating.

Abstract: A colored, corrosion resistant architectural material having improved corrosion-resistant properties wherein the material includes stainless steel which is coated with a tin and the tin coated material is post-treated with an oxidizing solution to remove the tin coating to expose a barrier which includes an alloy of chromium, iron and tin. The barrier exhibits excellent corrosion resistance especially with respect to chlorine and has a dark grey or earth tone grey color.

Abstract: A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension (10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed.

Abstract: The method for preparing a coating with a continuous compositional gradient includes introducing at least first and second powders into a plasma torch at separately controllable variable feed rates for each powder and co-depositing the at least first and second powders on the substrate and adjusting the relative feed rates of the first and second powders such that a smooth continuous compositional grading is achieved in the coating. The compositional gradient can follow a linear, exponential or variable function. A sublayer may be deposited onto the substrate prior to deposition of the compositionally graded layer. Additional materials that impart other desirable properties to the layer can be added with the layer or applied after deposition of the layer. Choice of atmosphere during deposition include vacuum, inert atmosphere, and oxidizing, carburizing and boriding atmospheres.

Abstract: A joint and a laminate including a nickel-titanium alloy such as Nitinol and a method for preparing the surface of a nickel-titanium alloy member for bonding solder material and, electively, another similar or dissimilar member thereto. The method includes applying a halogen containing flux to the titanium oxide coated surface of a nickel-titanium alloy member and heating the flux to its activation temperature. The flux removes and suspends the titanium oxide therein and deposits a metal from the halogen containing flux on the oxidation free surface. The activated flux also coats the member surface for protection from further oxidation. A bonding material such as a tin-silver solder is flowed onto the tinned surface to displace the activated flux. Electively, another member is applied to the molten solder to form a joint between the two members. The residual flux is cleaned from the joint to prevent further deterioration of the base metal.

Abstract: A sintered body of titanium-based carbonitride alloy according to the invention comprises carbonitride hard constituents in 5-25% binder phase where the hard constituents contain, in addition to Ti, one or more of the metals Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and/or W and the binder phase is based on cobalt and/or nickel. The sintered body has at least one outer surface with a <50 .mu.m thick surface layer of a titanium-rich cubic carbonitride. Below this layer there is a <100 .mu.m thick binder phase enrichment zone. The binder phase content can be >1.2 of that in the inner part of the body D. Under the binder phase enrichment zone, there is a <250 .mu.m thick binder phase depleted zone C. The binder phase content in this zone has a lowest level <0.9 of the binder phase content in the inner part of the body D.Such sintered bodies are manufactured by heat treatment in an atmosphere of N.sub.2 and/or NH.sub.3 possibly in combination with at least one of CH.sub.4, CO and CO.sub.2 at 1100.degree.-1350.

Abstract: Method and product resulting therefrom of controlling the residual resistivity of an electrolessly deposited metal by first, calculating the mathematical relationship between the residual resistivity of the deposited metal and its rate of deposition and second, depositing said metal at a rate to produce a predetermined residual resistivity.

Abstract: A superalloy article has a nickel-based superalloy substrate containing TCP-phase forming elements such as rhenium, chromium, tantalum and tungsten. A carbide precipitate-containing region is formed within the substrate extending to a carbide depth below a surface of the substrate, preferably by depositing carbon on the surface of the substrate and diffusing the carbon into the substrate. An aluminum-rich diffusion layer extends from the surface of the substrate to an aluminide depth below the surface of the substrate. Preferably, the carbide depth is about the same as the aluminide depth. The presence of the carbide precipitates inhibits the formation of the deleterious TCP-phase.

Abstract: A zinc or zinc-alloy plated steel sheet having an improved weldability and plating properties, as well as a method for making the same is provided. Even when the substrate steel sheet is the one which is difficult to deposit a zinc or zinc-alloy layer by conventional methods, such as an extra low carbon steel sheet, the present invention enable a reliable production of a galvanized steel sheet suffering from no plating failure or insufficient adhesion as well as a reliable production of a galvannealed steel sheet suffering from no plating failure or streaking of the alloyed layer.The zinc or zinc-alloy plated steel sheet having improved weldability comprises an extra low carbon steel sheet, an iron-carbon plated layer or a carbon-rich layer generated by diffusion of the iron-carbon plated layer on at least one major surface of the extra low carbon steel sheet, and a zinc or zinc-alloy plated layer on the iron-carbon plated layer or the carbon-rich layer.

Abstract: A magnetic thin-film disc having a magnetic thin film formed of a lower and upper sublayers. The two sublayers are characterized by lower coercivity, smaller grains, and more isolated grains in the lower sublayer, and higher coercivity, and larger grains in the upper sublayer. In one embodiment, the sublayers are characterized by an increasing magnetic remanence on progressing from the outer to the inner diameter of the disc. Also disclosed are sputtering methods for producing the disc.