Abstract: A shutter for a cartridge for containing a recording medium that has excellent scratch resistance and dustproofness. The shutter is composed of a nonmagnetic corrosion resistant steel sheet containing at least about 10% by weight of Cr, and includes a front surface having a hardness (Hv) of not less than about 250 but not more than 400 and a roughness expressed as an average surface roughness (Ra) of not less than about 0.3 .mu.m but not more than 1.0 .mu.m, and a reverse surface having a roughness (Ra) adjusted to about 0.1 to 0.25 .mu.m if the reverse surface is finished as a dull surface, and adjusted to about 0.15 to 0.50 .mu.m if the reverse surface is finished by a grinding roll. The steel sheet has first and second surfaces which are to respectively constitute the outer and inner surfaces of the shutter, and which have surface roughness values corresponding to the above surface roughness values of the front and reverse surfaces of the steel sheet.

Abstract: The process with a view to imparting to the treated article a resistance to frictional wear, a corrosion resistance, and a color, is characterized according to the invention in that the surface of the article is subjected to a thermochemical pretreatment under electric plasma in a vessel under an atmosphere containing reactive species such as N.sub.2 and hydrogen, the reactive species diffusing into and precipitating in the metal matrix of the article to form a diffusion sublayer and in that a layer of carbon in vapor phase is deposited under electric plasma on the surface thus treated, in the same vessel, the composition of the atmosphere for the pretreatment being gradually modified, on the one hand, by the introduction of a hydrocarbon and/or of a silane in the gaseous state and, on the other hand, by progressive reduction of the partial pressures of the reactive species employed during the pretreatment, and the maintenance of the hydrocarbon atmosphere for the carbon deposition.

Abstract: Highly wear-resistant sliding bearings with good sliding properties are difficult to manufacture by electrochemical deposition of the sliding alloy, because the corresponding electrolyte solutions are unstable. Conventional sliding alloys are also too hard for a run-in period and wear too rapidly when used in accordance with specifications. The new sliding layer is simple to manufacture and has an extremely favorable run-in period. The soft constituent of the sliding layer is present in a concentration which decreases along a concentration gradient perpendicular to the effective surface of the sliding layer as the distance from the effective surface increases. The sliding layer is particularly suitable for use as a lead-tin-copper alloy in a multilayered bearing.

Abstract: The present invention is designed to improve a method of deposition of coatings upon a metal or alloy substrate. The coating comprises aluminum or aluminide material interdiffused with a transition metal deposited by chemical vapor deposition which utilizes organometallic precursors to facilitate the deposition of the transition metal. The improvement permits better control of the process and permits coating of complex substrates including those with internal passages or holes. In the embodiment involving a first deposition of aluminum or aluminide coating, applicants have achieved deposition thereon of the transition metal. Platinum is the preferred transition metal to be used in the subject method. A product is taught. This product can be a component from a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved ballistic metallic armor and a method f producing same. The object of this invention is accomplished by utilizing composite metallic materials made up of two but preferably three or more layers of different metals or alloys. The arrangement of the layers are made so that the front face is a hard brittle material (Rockwell C-60) designed to shatter the steel penetrator and the hardness of the layers should decrease from front to back.

Abstract: NiAl is preheated to a temperature between 1530.degree. C. and 1638.degree. C. causing some of the aluminum to evaporate along the faying surfaces thereby forming a glazed layer of nickel rich self-generated filler metal. The glazed faying surfaces are placed in contact, heated to 1530.degree. C. to 1570.degree. C., and pressed together to form a fusion weld.

Abstract: A process for the production of a composition modulated alloy having a predetermined concentration is disclosed, in which alternating layers of at least two metals are successively deposited upon a substrate by electrodeposition, vacuum deposition, vapor deposition, or sputtering. The individual thicknesses of at least one metal's layers are varied in a predetermined manner. Pulsed galvanostatic electrodeposition using a tailored waveform is preferred. A copper-nickel concentration graded alloy is disclosed. Concentration graded alloys of predetermined concentration having at least one region of local homogeneity are also disclosed. The region of local homogeneity has a thickness corresponding to the thickness of two adjacent layers of different metals which have been diffusion annealed together. A pulsed electrodeposition/diffusion anneal process for production of such alloys is also disclosed.

Abstract: The soft magnetic alloy film of the present invention is not a simple nitride alloy film but incorporates a compositional modulation in which at least the content of nitrogen is periodically modulated in the direction of film thickness after the deposition of the alloy film by a sputtering procedure. Also, the soft magnetic alloy film of the present invention contains a main content of Fe for providing higher saturation magnetization, one or more metals selected from Nb, Ta, Zr, Ti, and Hf, and fine grains of Fe based materials developed after annealing. Therefore, the soft magnetic alloy film of the present invention can exhibit better magnetic properties including higher saturation magnetization and improved soft magnetic characteristics after the annealing and also, ensuring minimum magnetostriction with a specific composition.

Abstract: The surface properties of copper-refractory metal (CU-RF) alloy bodies are modified by heat treatments which cause the refractory metal to form a coating on the exterior surfaces of the alloy body. The alloys have a copper matrix with particles or dendrites of the refractory metal dispersed therein, which may be niobium, vanadium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten. The surface properties of the bodies are changed from those of copper to that of the refractory metal.

Abstract: A joint and a laminate including a nickel-titanium alloy such as nitinol and a method for preparing the surface of a nickel-titanium alloy member for bonding solder material and, electively, another similar or dissimilar member thereto. The method includes applying an aluminum paste flux to the titanium oxide coated surface of a nickel-titanium alloy member and heating the flux to its activation temperature. The flux removes and suspends the titanium oxide therein along with leaching titanium from the base alloy member surface to form a nickel-rich interface surface. The activated flux also coats the nickel-rich interface layer for protection from further oxidation. A bonding material such as a tin-silver solder is flowed onto the nickel-rich interface surface to displace the activated flux. Electively, another member is applied to the molten solder to form a joint between the two members. The residual flux is cleaned from the joint to prevent further deterioration of the base metal.

Abstract: There is provided a non-single crystalline material characterized by containing Ir, Ta and Al at the following respective composition rates:______________________________________ 28 atom percent .ltoreq. Ir .ltoreq. 90 atom percent, 5 atom percent .ltoreq. Ta .ltoreq. 65 atom percent, and 1 atom percent .ltoreq. Al .ltoreq. 45 atom percent. ______________________________________There is also provided a member comprising a substrate and a film composed of said non-single crystalline material being disposed on said substrate.

Abstract: Selective electrolytic deposition on either conductive or non-conductive bodies is provided by forming a layer of a metal which forms a plating-preventing compound on the surface of the body to be plated, and selectively interdiffusing a plating-enabling metal into the surface of that compound-forming metal in those locations where plating is desired and electroplating the body. The interdiffusion may be done before or after the plating-preventing compound has formed on the surface of the compound-forming layer. During the electroplating, the electroplating metal deposits only in those locations where the plating-enabling metal has interdiffused with the compound-forming metal. At the end of the process, the compound-forming metal may be removed in those locations where it is not covered by the electroplated metal to provide a plurality of separate plated conductors.

Abstract: An article of manufacture, for example a conductor for an electrical wire or cable, is provided with a refractory coating preferably formed from a refractory metal or semi-metal oxide or nitride and preferably deposited on the surface of the article by a vacuum deposition process such as a sputter ion plating method. Adhesion of the refractory coating, especially at high temperatures may be improved, and migration of the substrate metal through the coating may be suppressed by varying the stoichiometry of the coating through its thickness and/or by the provision of a metallic or refractory intermediate layer. The articles are particularly suitable for use in circuit and signal integrity cables.The vacuum deposited refractory layer may constitute the sole refractory, or additional refractory layers may be deposited by other methods e.g. a sol-gel method.

Abstract: A method for ion implantation of relatively high concentrations of alloying elements into a metal target without sputtering the target, in which the target is precoated with a layer of preselected thickness of a light, low sputtering yield element such as carbon, which is ablated during the ion implantation process.

Abstract: A composition, which comprises copper alloy powder represented by a general formula Ag.sub.x Cu.sub.y M.sub.z (where M represents one or more metals selected from Pb, Bi and Zn; x, y and z are atomic ratio values, respectively; and 0.001.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.4, 0.6.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.999, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.05 and x+y+z=1) having particle surface silver concentration higher than the average silver concentration thereof and a region in which a silver concentration increases toward the particle surface, glass frit and an organic vehicle, is useful for pastes for screen printing, electroconductive circuits, electrodes, electromagnetic wave shields and an electroconductive pastes for a resistance contacts.

Abstract: The structure consists of a composite material having a reinforcement texture and a matrix. The composition of the matrix varies practically without discontinuity, in the structure's thickness direction, from an essentially refractory material (13) in the region of the front face intended to be exposed to very high temperatures, up to a material that is essentially heat conductive (16). Cooling fluid circulation conduits (15) can be arranged within the structure at a portion where the matrix is essentially heat conductive.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy with improved performance with exposure to oxygen-sulfur mixed gases with the alloy containing about 9-30 wt. % Cr and a small amount of Nb and/or Zr implanted on the surface of the alloy to diffuse a depth into the surface portion, with the alloy exhibiting corrosion resistance to the corrosive gases without bulk addition of Nb and/or Zr and without heat treatment at temperatures of 1000.degree.-1100.degree. C.

Abstract: A metallized ceramic structure includes a ceramic substrate preferably aluminum nitride and a metallic layer preferably tungsten bonded to the ceramic substrate. First and second mixture layers are formed between the ceramic substrate and the metallic layer to bond the ceramic substrate and the metallic layer. The first mixture layer is in contact with the ceramic substrate and the second mixture layer is in contact with the metallic layer. Each of the mixture layers includes a mixture of ceramic of the ceramic substrate and the metal of the metallic layer. The second mixture layer has a lower percentage of the ceramic than the first mixture layer.

Abstract: Nickel or cobalt diffusion is suppressed in ceramic articles having a nickel or cobalt underlayer followed by a gold overlayer, by heat-treating the article in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature of at least about 650.degree. C. and subsequently depositing a final gold layer. By suppressing the diffusion of nickel or cobalt, the adhesion of hermetic lids attached thereto by soldering is improved.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing a composite material excellent in joint strength and heat conductivity, and more specifically to a method of preparing a composite material composed of a high-melting material W and low-melting material Cu. The method comprising a first step of forming pores in the high-melting material W, to obtain a substrate material having a porosity distribution, with a high porosity at at least one region of the surface of the substrate material and the porosity gradually decreasing outward from the region; and a second step of impregnating the low melting material Cu to the substrate material obtained in the first step from the region of the highest porosity gradually downward. The substrate material being formed to have a gradient distribution of a composite ratio of the high-melting material and the low-melting material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminum alloy clad material and a heat exchanger using the clad material, the clad material being composed of: (a) a core material made of an aluminum alloy consisting essentially of, in weight percentage, 0.3 to 1.5% manganese, 0.05 to 0.35% copper, 0.05 to 0.50% magnesium, 0.06 to 0.35% titanium, less than 0.1% silicon and up to 0.3% iron, the copper content being related to the magnesium content in accordance with the following equation: Cu(%)-0.2.ltoreq.Mg(%).ltoreq.Cu(%)+0.2, the balance being aluminum and incidental impurities; and (b) a cladding material made of an Si-containing aluminum alloy brazing filler material clad onto at one or both sides of the core material. The aluminum alloy clad material is superior in press formability, corrosion resistance and brazability. Particularly, when the percentage of fine Mn compounds of 0.1 .mu.m or less and the Ti content variation in the core material are controlled, further improved properties can be obtained.

Abstract: A nickel coating and an aluminum layer are formed in this order on an inexpensive thin steel sheet made of a low-carbon steel, a low-chromium steel or a low-nickel steel. Then the nickel- and aluminum-plated thin steel sheet is subjected to a diffusion penetration treatment to form a mutually diffused layer over the entire surface of the thin steel sheet, thus providing a thin steel band which is excellent in heat-resistance, corrosion-proofness at high temperature and rigidity.

Abstract: A rocket engine combustion chamber is defined by a generally cylindrical member comprising a metal matrix and heat insulating particles wherein the particles are distributed in the matrix such that the amount of particles gradually decreases in a radial direction from the inner surface to the outer surface of the member. Such a member is manufactured by controlled composite electroplating.

Abstract: A dense cermet article including about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase. The granular hard phase consists essentially of a ceramic material selected from the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof. The metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, or carbon, or combinations thereof. In the preferred metal phase, an amount of about 15-80% by volume of the metal phase component exhibits a Ni.sub.3 Al ordered crystal structure.

Abstract: A ceramic package used for a semiconductor device comprises a ceramic base including a die-bonding area and wire-bonding areas defined. A metal underlayer formed on the die-bonding or wire-bonding areas essentially consists of two-plated layers of: a cobalt layer plated on the ceramic base and a nickel layer plated on the cobalt layer. The underlayer is annealed and, them, a gold-plated layer is formed on the underlayer.

Abstract: Metal fibers obtained by the bundled drawing of a composite bundle of metal wires embedded in a metal matrix followed by the electrolytic removal of the matrix so that the surface layers of the fibers contain only a negligible amount (.ltoreq.0.2% at) of the matrix metal. Furthermore, a description is given of a process and an apparatus for the continuous electrolytic removal of the matrix material. Thereby, the composite bundle acts as an anode. Stainless steel fibers according to the invention have an average Cr/Cr+Fe+Ni content at their surface between 1% and 15%.

Abstract: A copper fin material for heat-exchanger characterized in that, on the surface of Cu or Cu alloy strip, the formation of an inner side diffused layer comprising Cu and Zn and a surface side diffused layer being provided on the surface side thereof and comprising Cu, Zn and elements with a lower diffusion coefficient into Cu than that of Zn is disclosed. A method of producing the same is characterized in that, after an alloy film comprising elements with a lower diffusion coefficient into Cu than that of Zn and Zn was formed on the surface of Cu or Cu alloy strip, a diffusion treatment is given under heat so that, on the surface of Cu or Cu alloy strip, an inner side diffused layer comprising Cu and Zn and a surface side diffused layer being provided on the surface side thereof and comprising Cu, Zn and elements with a lower diffusion coefficient into Cu than that of Zn are formed, or the diffusion treatment under heat and the rolling processing are given.

Abstract: A process is described for producing a corrosion resistant aluminum composite sheet product for use in brazing. The process steps comprise:(a) casting an aluminum-base core material containing no more than 0.4% iron, no more than 0.15% silicon, from about 0.1% to about 0.6% copper and from about 0.7% to about 1.5% manganese,(b) cladding the as-cast core material with an aluminum-base brazing alloy, with hot rolling to form a sheet product, and(c) directly cold rolling the sheet product to final gauge. When this product is subjected to a brazing heat cycle, a band of dense precipitate is formed in the core alloy immediately adjacent the cladding which protects the core against corrosion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrous article suitable for use in devices for burning heavy and extra heavy petroleum fuels and a process for forming such an article. The article has a matrix formed from a low carbon steel and a corrosion resistant chromium-aluminum diffusion coating on at least one surface. The coating is formed by subjecting the matrix to successive aluminization and chromization pack cementation treatments.

Abstract: A coated substrate in which the coating includes abrasion-resistant particles protruding from the hardened surface of a metal matrix and is bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: A surface refined sintered alloy with a burnt surface, comprising 75 to 95% by weight of a hard phase containing Ti, C and N as the essential components and otherwise comprising at least one of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and the balance of the alloy comprising a binder phase composed mainly of Co and/or Ni and inevitable impurities, wherein the sintered alloy satisfies at least two conditions selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (3):(1) the average grain size of the hard phase in a surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.8 to 1.2-fold of the average grain size of the hard phase in the inner portion of the sintered alloy excluding the surface layer;(2) the average content of the binder phase in the surface layer to the inner portion of 0.05 mm from the burnt surface of the sintered alloy is 0.7 to 1.

Abstract: Micro- and nano-porous metal structures including an alloy of one or more noble metals and substantially uniform and interconnected porosity in pore sizes ranging from three nanometers to 10 micrometers produced by a process including the following steps: mixing at least two metals having different electrochemical activity, according to predetermined proportions to form a multi-metallic alloy; contacting said alloy with an electrolyte; and applying an electrochemical potential to said electrolyte wherein said alloy acts as the anode until all or a portion of the more electrochemically active metal is dissolved from the alloy leaving porous metal.

Abstract: This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 07/218695, filed Aug. 8, 1988. This invention describes a series of Fe-Mn-Al-C based corrosion resistance alloys. It also describes how to obtain such alloys which has comparable good corrosion resistance in many environments to conventional stainless steel as 304 and 430. The correlation of chemical compositions among the manganese, aluminum, carbon and other minor elements ae discussed. Therefore they are made to be practical and more definitive. According to more advanced understanding in overall of the Fe-Mn-Al-C based alloys that are included in this invention have to be surface treated and/or pickled, passivated by the methods included in this invention. After the surface treatments, the final products will have an obviously comparable depleted manganese and/or higher chromium on the alloy surface and will have better corrosion resistance than the conventional Fe-Mn-Al-C and Fe-Mn-Al-C-Cr based alloys.

Abstract: Erosion and abrasion resistant refractory metal carbide articles are provided having multiphase alloy of borides including titanium boride, binder metal boride, and titanium-binder metal-refractory metal borides by diffusion of titanium initially to convert the refractory metal carbide to its constitutents which are then reacted with boron, forming a new added surface in replacement of the original article surface, and bridging the original surface locus.

Abstract: Provided herein is an Al-Cr alloy vapor deposited product having high corrosion resistance which can be used under a corrosive environment for a long period of time on account of the outstanding corrosion resistance and heat resistance of the Al-Cr alloy vapor deposited layer.

Abstract: A frameless and coreless porous endosseous implant comprising a porous sintered metal layer (2) having a range of relatively large pores and porous sintered metal layers having a range of relatively small pores and laminated into one body by sintering integrally with the layer on either side thereof, or a porous singered metal layer having a range of relatively small pores and porous sintered metal layers having a range of relatively large pores and laminated into one body by sintering integrally with the layer on either side thereof, whereby the three layers each permit the ingrowth and penetration out of two or more kinds out of fibrous tissue, osteoid tissue and bone tissue in the pores thereof.

Abstract: The outer surface of an elongated metal component such as a bar is rapidly heated by an induction coil and is thereafter cooled by a quenching spray while being subjected to tensile forces so high that the center portion of the bar approaches yield causing the bar to elongate slightly. The tension on the bar is released thereby obtaining high residual compressive surface stresses in the cooled outer layers of the bar which define an annulus and which shortens the bar slightly until compressive stresses in the surface layers equal the tensile stresses acting on the central sections of the bar thereby greatly improving the fatigue life of the bar.

Abstract: A composite material made of metal and rubber for use in automotive tires, hoses, conveyor belts and the like. Its object is to increase its durability by improving the adhesion properties between the metal and the rubber. To accomplish this object, a metal provided with an improved plating layer is used in combination with a rubber having such a composition as to be suitable for use with the metal. More specifically, the composite material of metal and rubber contains as basic ingredients a metal plated with a copper-zinc-nickel ternary alloy and natural rubber or synthetic isoplene rubber containing sulfer and adhesion promotors such as cobalt salt of organic acid or silica, resorcin and hexamethylenetetramine. The rubber is vulcanized to be bonded to the metal.

Abstract: A high strength, light weight stabilized skin structure having spaced skin sheets and a plurality of hollow metal spheres filling the space between the skins. The spheres and skins are bonded together, resulting in a unitary structure. The spheres typically have outside diameters of from about 0.005 to 0.5 inch, with tall thicknesses of about 0.0005 to 0.005 inch. Spheres of different sizes may be used, with smaller or heavier wall thickness spheres in high load areas, such as insert attachment points, and larger spheres in lightly loaded areas. The spheres preferably have a surface coating of a brazing material and are bonded together and to the skins by furnace brazing.

Abstract: Bonding between a metallic conductor and a substrate is improved by using a primer layer having a graded composition which continuously varies from a composition predominant in a metal which bonds well to the substrate at the substrate-primer layer interface to a composition predominant in the metal of the conductor at the conductor-primer layer interface. Specifically, the bonding characteristics of copper to polyimide substrate are improved by using a chromium-copper graded composition primer layer which is chromium-rich at the substrate-primer layer interface and copper-rich at the conductor-primer layer interface.

Abstract: A structure which is resistant to corrosion at high temperatures comprises a ductile layer of a platinum group metal, such as iridium, and a layer of a refractory metal having a high strength at high temperatures, such as rhenium. A solid solution of the two metals is present between and metallurgically bonded to the two metal layers. Further, the structure may include a layer of ceramic such as zirconia or hafnia on the exposed face of the platinum group metal layer.

Abstract: A coated cemented carbide alloy having jointly a high toughness and high wear resistance is produced by specifying the cooling rate during sintering in efficient manner, which alloy comprises a cemented carbide substrate consisting of a hard phase of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of Group IVa, Va and VIa metals of Periodic Table and a binder phase consisting of at least one member selected from the iron group metals, and a monolayer or multilayer, provided thereon, consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides, oxides and borides of Group IVa, Va and VIa metals of Periodic Table, solid solutions thereof and aluminum oxide, in which the hardness of the cemented carbide substrate in the range of 2 to 5 .mu.m from the interface between the coating layer and substrate is 800 to 1300 kg/mm.sup.

Abstract: This case relates to tough, wear resistant graded structure composites, to a process for preparing the same and to tools and products fabricated therefrom. The composites have a surface layer e.g. of WC and a binder, an interface layer, e.g. which is a stepwise transition from the surface layer whereby the binder content thereof gradually increases, a substrate layer which is a combination of e.g. an initial high carbon steel layer and finally a base layer of bainitic steel. The composites are substantially non-porous and can be used to fabricate components such as drill bits, wear plates, pump components machine tools, seals, washers, bearings and the like.

Abstract: A primary plated film is formed on the surface of underlayer metal. Next, the heating process is performed and diffusion layers of the underlayer metal and primary plated film are formed. A mechanical abrasion is performed to the surface of the primary plated film, thereby exposing the diffusion layers. Thereafter, a secondary plated film is formed on the exposed diffusion layers. With this multilayer plating method, even in the case of the dissimilar metals, a uniform multilayer plated film of a good adhesive property is derived.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel strip having an electrodeposited nickel coating exhibiting a great diffusion depth, and a process for producing this strip. In order to develop a cold-rolled strip that can be produced economically, and which has a reduced tendency to stick, good deformability, deep coating diffusion, advantageous corrosion dehavior, and improved electrochemical behavior, and in order to develop a process for producing this strip, the thickness of the nickel coating should carry a coating of cobalt which has been electrodeposited to a thickness of 0.01 to 1.0 [m, and after having been coated, the cold-rolled strip should be subjected to a final heat treatment at a temperature of between 580.degree. and 710.degree. C.

Abstract: An erosion and corrosion resistant coating is formed of a plurality of alternating layers of metallic and ceramic materials. The two materials selected for the layers have complementary wear resistant characteristics, such that one is relatively ductile and the other is relatively brittle. The concentration of the two materials at the interface between adjacent layers is graded to improve the adhesion of the layers and to provide a more unified coating. Prefereably radio-frequency sputtering is employed to deposit the coating, since it does not produce excessive heating which could negate any prior heat treatment of the substrate onto which the coating is deposited.

Abstract: Magnetic Fe alloy films in which at least nitrogen is compositionally modulated along the thickness of the film substantially in the form of a sine wave. By the compositional modulation, the Fe alloy film having high saturation magnetization is imparted with good resistances to corrosion and wear. The method of making a compositionally modulated Fe alloy film is described. The compositional modulation may be realized by merely superposing at least one nitrided layer and at least one nitride-free layer. The thermal treatment of the superposed layers is effective for the modulation where the content of the nitrogen in the film is compositionally modulated.

Abstract: Novel materials having the ability to reversibly store hydrogen are amorphous metal alloys of the formulaA.sub.a M.sub.b M'.sub.cwhereinA is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Hg, Pd and Pt;M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Pb, Ru, Cu, Cr, Mo, Si, W, Ni, Al, Sn, Co, Fe, Zn, Cd, Ga and Mn; andM' is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf, Nb, V, Ta and the rare earths; andwhereina ranges from greater than zero to about 0.80;b ranges from zero to about 0.70; andc ranges from about 0.08 to about 0.95;characterized in that (1) a substantial portion of A is disposed on the surface of said material and/or (2) that said material functions as an active surface layer for adsorbing/desorbing hydrogen in conjunction with a bulk storage material comprising a reversible hydrogen storage material.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a turbine disk and a method of making the turbine disk comprising the steps of rotating a mold, adding a first powdered metal to the rotating mold at a first rate, reducing the rate of addition of the first metal to a second rate, and adding a second powdered metal to the mold at a third rate substantially equal to the difference between the first and second rates.

Abstract: An erosion and corrosion resistant coating is formed of a plurality of alternating layers of metallic and ceramic materials. The two materials selected for the layers have complementary wear resistant characteristics, such that one is relatively ductile and the other is relatively brittle. The concentration of the two materials at the interface between adjacent layers is graded to improve the adhesion of the layers and to provide a more unified coating. Preferably radio-frequency sputtering is employed to deposit the coating, since it does not produce excessive heating which could negate any prior heat treatment of the substrate onto which the coating is deposited.