Abstract: A glazing panel carrying a coating stack comprises in sequence at least: a glass substrate a base antireflective layer an infra-red reflecting layer, and a top antireflective layer and is characterised in that at least one of the antireflective layers comprises at least one mixed oxide layer which comprises an oxide which is a mixture of Zn and at least one additional material X, in which the atomic ratio X/Zn is greater than or equal to 0.12 and in which X is one or more of the materials selected from the group comprising the elements of groups 2a, 3a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 6b of the periodic table. The glazing panel exhibits a combination of advantageous properties, particularly thermal stability.

Abstract: A layer stack for the surface coating of transparent substrates, in particular panes of glass, has at least one metal oxide composite layer produced by reactive cathodic sputtering and contains Zn oxide and Sn oxide. Relative to the total amount of metal, this metal oxide composite layer contains from 0.5 to 6.5% by weight of one or more of the elements Al, Ga, In, B, Y, La, Ge, Si, P, As, Sb, Bi, Ce, Ti, Zr, Nb and Ta. In a layer stack which has a silver layer as a functional layer, the metal oxide composite layer may be used as an upper and/or lower antireflection layer, as a diffusion barrier layer, as a sublayer of an antireflection layer and/or as an upper cover layer.

Abstract: Alloys and reflector layers are provided which are based on silver and which contain at least three different chemical elements. The alloys and reflector layers are used for reflective layers with a reflection factor of over 90% in the visible spectral range of daylight and exhibit a high resistance to atmospheric corrosion relative to chlorine and sulfur.

Abstract: An insulating glass (IG) window unit, or other suitable window unit, includes a glass substrate with a coating thereon. The coating includes at least one silicon nitride inclusive layer that is Si-rich (i.e., non-stoichiometric). By making the silicon nitride inclusive layer Si-rich, it has been found that coloration can be adjusted in order to achieve certain desirable optical characteristics.

Abstract: In a slide member comprising a base member and a slide layer including a first surface fixed to the base member and a second surface being opposite to the first surface in a thickness direction of the slide layer and capable of contacting another member in such a manner that the another member is movable on the second surface, the slide layer includes silver as a main component of the slide layer and a solid lubricant.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium includes at least a reflective layer and a recording layer formed in this order on a substrate, in which record and reproduction of information are carried out by irradiating the medium with laser beam from a recording layer side. The reflective layer includes two or more thin film layers different in surface roughness, of which one near the substrate has a surface tension smaller than a surface tension of one near the recording layer. The medium exhibits a coercive force and CNR of a recording layer of a magneto-optical recording medium to realize high density recording by contriving the constitution of the recording layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for data storage uses a magnetic recording layer having at least two ferromagnetic films with different remanent magnetization-thickness (Mrt) values that are coupled antiparallel across a nonferromagnetic spacer film predominantly by the dipole field (Hd) from the grains of the higher-Mrt ferromagnetic film. The material compositions and thicknesses of the ferromagnetic films and the nonferromagnetic spacer film are selected so that Hd predominates over any antiferromagnetic exchange coupling field (Haf) and is greater than the coercive field of the lower-Mrt ferromagnetic film. As a result, the magnetizations of the two ferromagnetic films are antiparallel in the two remanent magnetic states, and thus the net remanent magnetization-thickness product (Mrt) of the recording layer is the difference in the Mrt values of the two ferromagnetic films.

Abstract: A solar cell includes electrodes coated with lead-free solder. This solar cell can provide satisfactory output characteristics and also does not cause lead pollution.

Abstract: There is provided an electroless Ni—B plating liquid for forming, a Ni—B alloy film on at least part of the interconnects of an electronic device having an embedded interconnect structure, the electroless Ni—B plating liquid comprising nickel ions, a complexing agent for nickel ions, a reducing agent for nickel ions, and ammonums (NH4+). The electroless Ni—B plating liquid can lower the boron content of the resulting plated film without increasing the plating rate and form a Ni—B alloy film having an FCC crystalline structure.

Abstract: A method of forming a surface finish of trivalent chromium on metal or plastics substrates by electrodeposition from an aqueous plating solution of trivalent chromium ions in which the trivalent chromium is deposited on a layer of silver or silver alloy whereby the color and/or corrosion resistance of the trivalent chromium is comparable to surface finishes of hexavalent chromium. The invention avoids the health and safety risks associated with the electrodeposition of hexavalent chromium surface finishes.

Abstract: A glazing panel carrying a coating stack comprises in sequence at least: a glass substrate a base antireflective layer an infra-red reflecting layer, and a top antireflective layer in which at least one of the antireflective layers comprises at least one mixed nitride layer which is a mixture of Al and at least one additional material X, in which the atomic ratio X/Al is greater than or equal to 0.05 and in which X is one or more of the materials selected from the group comprising the elements of Groups 3a, 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, 8 of the periodic table. The glazing panel is particularly suitable for heat treatment and incorporation in windscreens.

Abstract: A terminal of the present invention includes a ruthenium layer formed on conductive substrate entirely or partially, and a surface metal layer made of at least one of the metals selected from the group consisting of Au, Pt, Ag, Pd, Rh, Co, Ni, In and Sn, or made of an alloy containing at least one of the metals selected from the group, which is formed on the ruthenium layer entirely or partially.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for depositing at least one layer (3) based on tungsten and/or on molybdenum by chemical vapor deposition on a non-conductive substrate (1), such as glass, ceramic, glass-ceramic, or polymer, which includes providing at least one tungsten- and/or molybdenum-containing precursor in the form of a metal halide and/or of an organometallic compound, and at least one reducing agent, such as hydrogen or silane, to form the at least one metal layer. The present invention also relates to the substrate obtained by the preceding process and its applications, especially for producing a glazing, mirrors, or emissive screens.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article including an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., of or including Ag), the coated article being able to attain a &Dgr;E* (glass side) no greater than about 3.0, more preferably no greater than 2.5, and even more preferably no greater than 2.0, following or due to heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering). Accordingly, low-E (i.e., low emissivity) coated articles of certain embodiments of this invention appear from the glass side thereof visually similar to the naked eye both before and after heat treatment. Coated articles herein may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, vehicle windshields, or any other suitable applications. In certain embodiments of this invention, an exemplary layer stack includes: glass/Si3N4/NiCr/Ag/NiCr/Si3N4. Other materials may instead be used without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the instant invention which is a low-E matchable product.

Abstract: A binary allow braze composition has been prepared and used in a bonded article of ceramic-ceramic and ceramic-metal materials. The braze composition comprises greater than approximately 95 wt % silver, greater than approximately 2 wt % hafnium and less than approximately 4.1 wt % hafnium, and less than approximately 0.2 wt % trace elements. The binary braze alloy is used to join a ceramic material to another ceramic material or a ceramic material, such as alumina, quartz, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and mullite, to a metal material, such as iron-based metals, cobalt-based metals, nickel-based metals, molybdenum-based metals, tungsten-based metals, niobium-based metals, and tantalum-based metals. A hermetic bonded article is obtained with a strength greater than 10,000 psi.

Abstract: Electrocatalyst powders and methods for producing electrocatalyst powders, such as carbon composite electrocatalyst powders. The powders have a well-controlled microstructure and morphology. The method includes forming the particles from an aerosol of precursors by heating the aerosol to a relatively low temperature, such as not greater than about 400° C.

Abstract: In a solder that realizes high-temperature-side solder bonding in temperature-hierarchical bonding, a connection portion between a semiconductor device and a substrate is formed of metal balls made of Cu or the like and compounds formed of metal balls and Sn, and the metal balls are bonded together by the compounds.

Abstract: Ultrasonic horns of titanium are made corrosion resistant in aqueous media by the providing the horns with a silver end surface, either as a portion of the end surface or as the entire end surface.

Abstract: A thin film alloy material with the design of optic reflection and semi-transmission, which not only can make a single layer film have the effect of reflection and semi-transmission simultaneously, but also can attain the effect that has different reflectivity and half-transmittance by adjusting the ratio of alloy and the thickness of thin film. In a thin film that has relative upper and lower surfaces, there are a first alloy layer and a second alloy layer coated on the upper and lower surface; wherein the first alloy layer is composed of silver and metal X, and the metal X is chosen from one of the following metals: titanium, zirconium, hafnium; the second alloy layer is composed of silver, copper, and metal X, and the metal X is chosen from one of the following metals: titanium, zirconium, hafnium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a longitudinal magnetic recording media having a substrate, optionally, a sputter deposited MgO seed layer, a Co or Co alloy based magnetic layer and an underlayer disposed between the substrate and the magnetic layer comprised of a material having a body centered cubic derivative ordered crystalline structure, preferably a B2, DO3 or L21 structure. The material may be for example, NiAl, FeAl or Mn3Si. A thin Cr or Cr alloy intermediate layer of about 1.0 nm to 5.0 nm thick may be positioned between the underlayer and the magnetic layer.

Abstract: There is provided contact, sliding, fitting-in and ornamental members having a surface treatment structure in which contact resistance is low, and lubricating property and wear resistance are excellent, and capable of being used suitably for any use of contact, sliding, fitting-in or ornament, and a method for manufacturing the same. The surface treatment structure 1 having a plating layer formed on the surface of a substrate 2 comprises a lubrication plating layer 5 made of a plating layer of a metal matrix containing fine particles 4 having lubricating property, and a noble metal plating layer 7 formed on the lubrication plating layer 5. Preferably, an anti-diffusive plating layer 3 made of a metal plating layer is formed under the lubrication plating layer 5, and a joining layer 6 made of a strike plating layer of noble metal is formed between the lubrication plating layer 5 and the noble metal plating layer 7.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article including an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., of or including Ag), the coated article being able to attain a &Dgr;E* (glass side) no greater than about 3.5, more preferably no greater than 3.0, and even more preferably no greater than 2.6, following or due to heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering). Accordingly, low-E (i.e., low emissivity) coated articles of certain embodiments of-this invention appear from the glass side thereof visually similar to the naked eye both before and after heat treatment. Good matchability characteristics (i.e., low &Dgr;E* values) combined with good durability can be achieved by controlling to what extent barrier layer(s) in contact with the IR reflecting layer are nitrided and to what thickness(es) they are sputtered. Optionally, certain embodiments of this invention relate to coated articles that also have high visible transmission and/or good durability.

Abstract: A coated article, and a corresponding method of making the same are provided. The coated article includes a coating supported by a substrate, the coating including a thin metal or metal nitride contact layer (e.g., NiCr, Ni, Cr, CrNx or NiCrNx) located directly between and contacting an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., Ag) and an oxide barrier layer (e.g., NiCrOx).

Abstract: A tin-lead solder alloy containing copper and/or nickel and optionally silver, palladium, platinum and/or gold as its alloying constituents. The solder alloy consists essentially of, by weight, about 5% to about 70% tin, up to about 4% silver palladium, platinum and/or gold, about 0.5% to about 10% copper and/or nickel, the balance lead and incidental impurities. The presence of copper and/or nickel in the alloy has the beneficial effect of inhibiting the dissolution and leaching of silver from a silver-containing thick-film, such as a conductor or solder pad, into the molten solder alloy during reflow. In addition, solder joints formed of the solder alloy form a diffusion barrier layer of intermetallic compounds that inhibit solid-state interdiffusion between silver from a silver-containing thick-film and tin from the solder joint.

Abstract: In a slide member comprising a base member and a slide layer including a first surface fixed to the base member and a second surface being opposite to the first surface in a thickness direction of the slide layer and capable of contacting another member in such a manner that the another member is movable on the second surface, the slide layer includes silver as a main component of the slide layer and a solid lubricant.

Abstract: In a surface electrode structure on a ceramic multi-layer substrate having on the surface SAW device mounting surface electrodes for mounting flip chips as surface-acoustic-wave devices by gold-gold bonding and soldered parts mounting surface electrodes. Further, at least the lowermost layer is made of a sintered silver conductor which is partly buried in the ceramic multi-layer substrate, a nickel or a nickel alloy layer being contained as an intermediate layer, and the topmost layer being a gold layer. Thus, a surface electrode structure on a ceramic multi-layer substrate is suitable for both mounting of SAW devices by gold-gold bonding and mounting of other parts by soldering and which enable consistent mounting of individual parts using a ceramic multi-layer substrate to provide higher reliability.

Abstract: A coated article, and a corresponding method of making the same are provided. The coated article includes a coating supported by a substrate, the coating including a thin metal or metal nitride contact layer (e.g., NiCr, Ni, Cr, CrNx or NiCrNx) located directly between and contacting an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., Ag) and an oxide barrier layer (e.g., NiCrOx).

Abstract: Coated articles are provided with an anti-reflective (AR) layer(s) system which enables reduced reflection, increased visible transmission, and/or neutral color. In certain embodiments, the AR layer(s) system includes a titanium oxide layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, and/or a silicon oxide layer on the substrate over an infrared (IR) reflecting layer(s) such as silver. Silicon nitride layer(s) may optionally be provided below and/or over the IR reflecting layer in certain example embodiments.

Abstract: Coated articles are provided with an anti-reflective (AR) layer(s) system which enables reduced reflection, increased visible transmission, and/or neutral color. In certain embodiments, the AR layer(s) system includes a silicon nitride layer(s), a silicon oxynitride layer, and/or a silicon oxide layer on the substrate over an infrared (IR) reflecting layer(s) such as silver. The AR system surprisingly enables improved visible transmission and/or reflection to be combined with more neutral color.

Abstract: An electrically conductive metal element comprises an electrically conductive metal substrate having a layer of Ni—Sn alloy overlying an electrically conductive surface of the substrate and at least one layer of Ag or of Ag containing Sn overlying the Ni—Sn alloy layer. The Ni—Sn alloy(s) has a Sn-content not greater than for Ni3Sn2 for high temperature uses. In a convenient method of forming the element the Sn is applied to one or more layers of Ni in a Ag+Sn mixture and diffused into the Ni layer(s) to form the Ni—Sn alloy layer and at least one layer of Ag or of Ag containing Sn. The element may have a surface layer of SnO2 which can be formed by oxidising residual Sn which migrates to the outer surface of the at least one layer of Ag containing Sn.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cobalt electroless plating bath composition and method of using it for microelectronic device fabrication. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to cobalt electroless plating in the fabrication of interconnect structures in semiconductor devices.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing a conductive wire that is suitable for use in semiconductor packages, a core wire of an extensible metal other than gold is first prepared to have a diameter ranging from 300 &mgr;m to 500 &mgr;m. Thereafter, a gold-containing outer layer having a thickness ranging from 2.5 &mgr;m to 25 &mgr;m is plated onto an outer surface of the core wire so as to form a gold-plated core wire. Subsequently, the gold-plated core wire is drawn to result in the conductive wire having a diameter ranging from 1 &mgr;m to 50 &mgr;m.

Abstract: For a two-layer printed wiring board including a polyimide substrate produced with varnish containing polyamic acid as the raw material for the polyimide and a copper alloy foil laminated with the polyimide substrate, there is provided, for the copper alloy foil, a copper alloy containing, in addition to copper and unavoidable impurities, either (1) 0.02 to 1.0 weight percent Ag and/or 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent In or (2) alloy composition (1) plus a total of 0.005 to 2.5 weight percent of at least one of the additional elements Al, Be, Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Ti and Zn, or (3) 0.001 to 0.5 weight percent Sn or (4) alloy composition (3) plus a total of 0.005 to 2.5 weight percent of at least one of the additional elements of alloy composition (2) and each of (1), (2), (3) and (4) preferably having a heat resistance of at least 300° C.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article (e.g., vehicle windshield, IG unit, etc.) is provided with a dual-silver low-E coating. Before and/or after heat treatment (HT), the coating and/or coated article has a visible transmittance of at least 70%, more preferably at least 75%. Moreover, the coating and/or coated article is designed so as to have approximately the same color when viewed over a wide range of viewing angles. In certain embodiments, at least one contact layer (e.g., of or including NiCrOx) that contacts an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., Ag) is oxidation graded so that it progressively becomes less oxidized through its thickness as it nears the IR reflecting layer. In still other embodiments, a Si-rich silicon nitride layer(s) may be utilized to reduce haze.

Abstract: Changes in the infrared reflection spectrum of a thin film of silica-like resinous material sandwiched between metal electrodes can be induced by applying an electric potential to a top electrode which is semitransparent. Characteristic infrared absorption lines change in proportion to a small electric current flowing through the material. These changes occur with response times of the order of seconds, and show time constants of the order of minutes to reach stationary values.

Abstract: A composite material that is usefull in the manufacture of jewelry components has a precious metal layer laminated to an age hardenable non-precious metal-base alloy support layer. In one embodiment, the precious metal layer is a 10 k, or higher, gold alloy and the support layer is a copper-base spinodal alloy. The composite material is formed by laminating the precious metal layer to the support layer, forming the composite material into a desired shape and then age hardening the jewelry component.

Abstract: A glazing panel carrying a coating stack comprises in sequence at least: a glass substrate a base antireflective layer an infra-red reflecting layer, and a top antireflective layer and is characterized in that at least one of the antireflective layers comprises at least one mixed oxide layer which comprises an oxide which is a mixture of Zn and at least one additional material X, in which the atomic ratio X/Zn is greater than or equal to 0.12 and in which X is one or more of the materials selected from the group comprising the elements of groups 2a, 3a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 6b of the periodic table. The glazing panel exhibits a combination of advantageous properties, particularly thermal stability.

Abstract: A thermal interface material is described for thermal coupling of an electronic component to a thermally conductive member. The thermal interface material includes a viscoelastic polymer matrix material, fusible solder particles in the matrix material, and filler particles in the matrix material. The solder particles have a melting temperature below a selected temperature (e.g. 157° C. for indium) and the filler particles have a melting temperature substantially above the selected temperature (e.g. 961° C. for silver). The filler particles keep the thermal interface material intact under adverse thermal and stress conditions.

Abstract: A highly corrosion-resistant material and a corrosion-resistant member which are improved in corrosion resistance, adhesion, contact electrical resistance, electrical conductivity, airtightness, etc. and are suitable for use as, e.g., a metallic separator for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC); and a process for producing them. A thin noble-metal layer is formed on the desired part of the surface of a metallic base and then subjected to compression working. The coated base may further be subjected to anticorrosive treatment with a liquid phase containing a peroxide or ozone or with an active gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed at providing a sliding contact material that has an alloy composition containing no harmful substance like Cd, especially excellent contact resistance properties, electrical functions that are good and is not subject to secular change, and abrasion resistance practically bearing comparison with conventional sliding contact materials, and is aimed at lengthening the life of a motor by the use of a sliding contact material having excellent durability as a commutator for a small direct-current motor. The present invention is a sliding contact material of an Ag—Ni-based alloy that is used in sliding part electrically switching on and off by mechanical sliding action, and the material is a sliding contact material of Ni metal particle-dispersed-type Ag—Ni-based alloy that is produced in such a method that 0.7 to 3.0 wt. % Ni powder, an additive of Li2CO3 powder corresponding to 0.01 to 0.50 wt.

Abstract: A layer stack for the surface coating of transparent substrates, in particular panes of glass, has at least one metal oxide composite layer produced by reactive cathodic sputtering and contains Zn oxide and Sn oxide. Relative to the total amount of metal, this metal oxide composite layer contains from 0.5 to 6.5% by weight of one or more of the elements Al, Ga, In, B, Y, La, Ge, Si, P, As, Sb, Bi, Ce, Ti, Zr, Nb and Ta. In a layer stack which has a silver layer as a functional layer, the metal oxide composite layer may be used as an upper and/or lower antireflection layer, as a diffusion barrier layer, as a sublayer of an antireflection layer and/or as an upper cover layer.

Abstract: To provide a contact material suitable for a commutator of a micromotor which can improve wear resistance and prolong the life of the micromotor by improving an Au-based clad composite material provided at an outermost layer with Au or an Au alloy. The present invention provides the Au-based clad composite material including a surface of a contact substrate having an Ag—Cu—Si alloy layer cladded with Au or the Au alloy, wherein an intermetallic compound Cu—Si is dispersed and deposited in Au or the Au alloy.

Abstract: A neutral blue-green heat treatable and matchable glass laminate or I.G. unit employs a layer system whose visible transmittance increases by at least 4% during heat treatment and whose &Dgr;E*ab is less than about 3.0 and &Dgr;a* is less than about 0.7. The sputter coated layer system includes a silver layer sandwiched between nichrome layers and thereafter layers of Si3N4.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article including an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., of or including Ag), the coated article being able to attain a &Dgr;E*ab (glass side) no greater than about 3.0, more preferably no greater than 2.5, and even more preferably no greater than 2.0, following or due to heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering). Accordingly, low-E (i.e., low emissivity) coated articles of certain embodiments of this invention appear from the glass side thereof visually similar to the naked eye both before and after heat treatment. Coated articles herein may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, vehicle windshields, or any other suitable applications. In certain embodiments of this invention, an exemplary layer stack includes: glass/Si3N4/NiCr/Ag/NiCr/Si3N4. Other materials may instead be used without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the instant invention which is a low-E matchable product.

Abstract: Copper can be pattern etched at acceptable rates and with selectivity over adjacent materials using an etch process which utilizes a solely physical process which we have termed “enhanced physical bombardment”. Enhanced physical bombardment requires an increase in ion density and/or an increase in ion energy of ionized species which strike the substrate surface. To assist in the removal of excited copper atoms from the surface being etched, the power to the ion generation source and/or the substrate offset bias source may be pulsed. In addition, when the bombarding ions are supplied from a remote source, the supply of these ions may be pulsed. Further, thermal phoresis may be used by maintaining a substrate temperature which is higher than the temperature of a surface in the etch chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent conductive layered structure having a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer and transparent coating layer formed in succession on this substrate, used in, for instance, the front panel of CRT, etc., display devices. The main components of said transparent conductive layer are noble metal microparticles with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, wherein the microparticles are made from gold and/or platinum and silver and the gold and/or platinum content is within a range exceeding 50 wt % up to 95 wt %, and a binder matrix.

Abstract: A component for a gauge comprising a bourdon tube having a first end and a second end. A socket is joined to the first end of the bourdon tube and a closure member is joined to the second end of the bourdon tube. At least one of the bourdon tube and the closure member comprises a copper nickel alloy and/or the socket comprises a nickel silver alloy. In addition, a low temperature soldering material, such as a tin-bismuth soldering material, was used to affix the socket to the bourdon tube and the closure member to the bourdon tube. Preferably, the components contain substantially no free copper. Such a component resists corrosion, especially corrosion formed when certain fluids are used with such components.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article including an infrared (IR) reflecting layer (e.g., of or including Ag), the coated article being able to attain a &Dgr;E* (glass side) no greater than about 3.0, more preferably no greater than 2.5, and even more preferably no greater than 2.0, following or due to heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering). Accordingly, low-E (i.e., low emissivity) coated articles of certain embodiments of this invention appear from the glass side thereof visually similar to the naked eye both before and after heat treatment. Coated articles herein may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, vehicle windshields, or any other suitable applications. In certain embodiments of this invention, an exemplary layer stack includes: glass/Si3N4/NiCr/Ag/NiCr/Si3N4. Other materials may instead be used without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the instant invention which is a low-E matchable product.

Abstract: A glazing panel carrying a coating stack comprises in sequence at least: a glass substrate a base antireflective layer an infra-red reflecting layer, and a top antireflective layer in which at least one of the antireflective layers comprises at least one mixed nitride layer which is a mixture of Al and at least one additional material X, in which the atomic ratio X/Al is greater than or equal to 0.05 and in which X is one or more of the materials selected from the group comprising the elements of Groups 3a, 4a, 5a, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, 8 of the periodic table. The glazing panel is particularly suitable for heat treatment and incorporation in windscreens.

Abstract: Reproducible texturing of magnetic recording media is enhanced by sputtering a buffer layer, such as Ni—P, on a nonmagnetic substrate, prior to sputtering a textured bump layer. A magnetic recording medium comprising a sputter textured metal layer and high coercivity is achieved by employing an underlayer, such as NiAl or FeAl, preferably a composite underlayer containing a chromium or chromium-alloy layer and a NiAl layer, on the sputter textured layer. Advantageously, the buffer layer, underlayer, textured bump layer, magnetic layer and carbon overcoat can be sputter deposited in a single apparatus.