Abstract: A decorative item and method for making same, such as an exterior part of a timepiece, wristwatch band and the like, includes a basis material of stainless steel having a carburized hardened later thereon in which carbon is diffused so as to form a solid solution in which crystalline chromium carbide is not formed and at least one hard coating is deposited on the carburized hardened layer of basis material, wherein the hard coating has a surface hardness greater than that of the carburized layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer, a lower magnetic layer formed on the underlayer, an intermediate layer, and an upper magnetic layer formed on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is typically Ru, and promotes antiferromagnetic coupling between the upper and lower magnetic layers. The upper and lower magnetic layers are typically Co alloys. The lower magnetic layer has a high saturation magnetization Ms to promote high exchange coupling between the upper and lower magnetic layers. The dynamic coercivity of the lower magnetic layer is lower than the exchange field to ensure rapid switching of the lower magnetic layer.

Abstract: In the joint construction of cobalt-based alloy, a cobalt-based alloy layer 1, in which granular or massive eutectic carbide 2 disperses, is joined to a metal of a base metal 37 via an insert metal layer 36. For the joint construction of cobalt-based alloy, liquid phase diffusion bonding is performed at a temperature of 1100° C. for a retention time of 1 hour with an insert metal with a thickness of about 40 ?m being interposed between the base metal, which is S45C carbon steel, and a cobalt-based alloy material which has granular or massive eutectic carbide with a grain size not larger than 30 ?m in a matrix of cast structure and contains 1.03 wt % C, 29.73 wt % Cr, 3.86 wt % W, 2.59 wt % Ni, 2.67 wt % Fe, 0.59 wt % Si, and 0.07 wt % Mo, the balance substantially being Co. The cobalt-based alloy layer 1 after bonding contains granular or massive eutectic carbide.

Abstract: A spin-valve sensor with pinning layers comprising multiple antiferromagnetic films is disclosed. The multiple antiferromagnetic films are preferably selected from the same Mn-based (Ni—Mn or Pt—Mn) alloy system. The Mn content of the antiferromagnetic film in contact with the reference layer of the spin-valve sensor is selected in order to maximize its exchange coupling to the reference layer, thereby providing a high unidirectional anisotropy field for proper sensor operation. The Mn content of the other antiferromagnetic films not in contact with the reference layer of the spin-valve sensor is reduced in order to maximize the thermal stability and corrosion resistance of the spin-valve sensor for robust sensor operation at high temperatures in disk drive environments.

Abstract: The invention is a magnetic device, i.e., a magnetoresistive sensor or a magnetic tunnel junction device, that has a ferromagnetic structure of two ferromagnetic layers antiferromagnetically coupling together with an improved antiferromagnetically coupling (AFC) film. The AFC film is an alloy of Ru100-xFex where x is between approximately 10 and 60 atomic percent. This AFC film increases the exchange coupling by up to a factor or two and has an hcp crystalline structure making it compatible with Co alloy ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a nonmagnetic underlayer, an initial magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer provided on the initial magnetic layer, and a final magnetic layer provided on the nonmagnetic spacer layer. The initial magnetic layer is disposed closer to the nonmagnetic underlayer than the final magnetic layer, and the initial and final magnetic layers are made of mutually different compositions and are anti-ferromagnetically coupled.

Abstract: A magnetic sensing element includes a laminate, the laminate including a first antiferromagnetic layer; a pinned magnetic layer, the magnetization direction thereof being pinned by the first antiferromagnetic layer; a nonmagnetic conductive layer; a free magnetic layer, the magnetization direction thereof being variable in response to an external magnetic field; a nonmagnetic interlayer; a ferromagnetic layer; and a second antiferromagnetic layer. The laminate has a recess extending through the second antiferromagnetic layer and the ferromagnetic layer, a bottom face of the recess lying in the nonmagnetic interlayer, the width of the bottom face in a track width direction being equal to a track width. The free magnetic layer is magnetized in a direction substantially orthogonal to the magnetization direction of the pinned magnetic layer as a result of magnetic coupling with the ferromagnetic layer. A method for making such a magnetic sensing element is also disclosed.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor and a method of manufacturing the magnetoresistive sensor are provided, which can effectively increase ?RA, and which can more easily and reliably bring magnetization of a free magnetic layer and magnetization of a pinned magnetic layer into an orthogonal state than the related art. By forming the pinned magnetic layer of a multilayered structure comprising a first hard magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer, and a second hard magnetic layer, the magnetization of the free magnetic layer and the magnetization of the pinned magnetic layer can be more easily and reliably brought into an orthogonal state than in the related art. Also, the pinned magnetic layer can be formed in a larger film thickness than that in the related art. Accordingly, the product (?RA) of a resistance change amount (?R) and a sensor area (A) in a direction parallel to film surfaces can be increased.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a soft magnetic underlayer structure that includes two soft underlayers is presented. A thick first soft underlayer, disposed on the medium substrate, is made of material which provides a low magnitude of magnetization saturation (Bsat) and high permeability. The first soft underlayer can be formed by plating or high-rate sputtering. The second soft underlayer, which has a lesser thickness than the first soft underlayer, is made of a material which provides a relatively high magnitude of Bsat and low permeability. The second soft underlayer can be formed by low-rate sputtering. The first soft under layer can be isolated from other layers in the medium by an exchange isolation layer. The second soft underlayer can be exchange coupled to a radial exchange pin layer disposed on the exchange isolation layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having excellent magnetic read/write characteristics and thermal stability characteristics, and a method of manufacturing therefor, and a magnetic read/write apparatus are provided. This magnetic recording medium comprises an orientation control film 3 that controls the orientation of a film provided directly thereabove, a perpendicular magnetic film 5, of which the axis of easy magnetization is generally oriented perpendicular to a substrate, and a protective film 6, that are provided on a non-magnetic substrate 1, wherein the orientation control film 3 is made of a non-magnetic material which contains 33 to 80 at % of Ni and one or more kinds of elements selected from Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic substrate, a nonmagnetic underlayer, a magnetic layer, a protective film, and a liquid lubrication layer sequentially laminated on the substrate. The nonmagnetic layer is composed of a metal or alloy having a hcp crystal structure. The magnetic recording layer consists of ferromagnetic crystal grains and a nonmagnetic grain boundary phase mainly composed of an oxide surrounding the grains. A seed layer of a metal or alloy having a fcc crystal structure can be provided under the nonmagnetic underlayer, and a nonmagnetic alignment control layer can be provided under the seed layer. The recording medium can provide high output and low noise by improving the alignment of the magnetic recording layer, reducing the initial growth layer in the magnetic recording layer, and minimizing the grain size of the magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A thermal spring magnetic medium is provided having first and second stacks providing two exchange coupled ferromagnetic layers having different Curie temperatures. The first stack has a high magneto-crystalline anisotropy, a relatively low saturation magnetization and a low Curie temperature. The second stack has a relatively low magneto-crystalline anisotropy, a high saturation magnetization and a high Curie temperature. Preferably the first stack includes an alloy of Fe—Pt or Co—Pt, and the second stack includes an allow of Co—Pt or Co—Pd. A disk drive system having the novel medium is also provided.

Abstract: A metal manganese oxide buffer layer is used to seed a barrier layer in a magnetic tunnel junction memory element having pinned and free magnetic layers. An alumina tunnel barrier layer is formed on the oxidized metal manganese layer with the barrier layer and oxidized metal manganese layer being between the pinned or free ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: A high areal recording density longitudinal magnetic recording medium having improved thermal stability and signal-to-medium noise ratio (“SMNR”), comprises: (a) a non-magnetic substrate having at least one surface; and (b) a layer stack overlying the at least one surface, comprising a plurality of vertically spaced-apart ferromagnetic layers, each vertically adjacent pair of ferromagnetic layers being spaced-apart by a respective non-magnetic spacer layer, wherein: (i) at least one of the plurality of vertically adjacent, spaced-apart pairs of ferromagnetic layers forms an anti-ferromagnetically coupled media (“AFC”) component of the magnetic recording medium; and (ii) at least one of the plurality of vertically adjacent, spaced-apart pairs of ferromagnetic layers forms a laminated media (“LM”) component of the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: Laminated magnetic recording medium with two Co-containing layers separated by a non-magnetic Ru-containing interlayer is stabilized by Ru-containing layer between the recording layers and Co-containing stabilization layers through anti-ferromagnetic coupling. The insertion of Co layer beneath Ru spacer has resulted in increased coupling, and further coupling enhancement is achieved by low pressure process of Co and Ru layers.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic disk includes a NiP or ceramic glass substrate on which a seedlayer is sputtered in a low pressure inert gas atmosphere, the seedlayer comprising a ternary or quaternary alloy formed from a B2 lattice type alloy such as NiAl, CoTi, CoAl, NiTi, FeTi, CoFe, CoHf, CuZn, CoZr, and MnAl. For quaternary alloys in which elements X and Y are added to the B2 type alloy, X can be chosen from one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, V, Mn, and Zn, and Y can be chosen from one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Al, Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, Zn, Ag, Au, Pt and Pd. The resulting seedlayer preferably has an A2 lattice structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are a structure of multi-layered clad plates and sheets for corrosion resistance and a fabricating method thereof. Provided are clad plates and sheets for corrosion resistance in which Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, V, and Zr having an excellent corrosion resistance, or an alloy thereof are bonded to cheap Fe, Cu, or an alloy thereof. Chemical compositions of the clad metals and structures of the clad plates and sheets are easily modified with service conditions of the clad plates and sheets. Also, this invention provides a more cost-effective method based on a resistance seam welding process for fabricating the corrosion-resistant clad plates and sheets.

Abstract: An anti-ferromagnetically coupled (“AFC”), high areal density magnetic recording medium of simplified thin film layer structure and having improved thermal stability and signal-to-medium noise ratio (“SMNR”) comprises a stack of thin film layers including, in overlying sequence from a surface of a non-magnetic substrate: (a) a non-magnetic seed layer (“SDL”); (b) at least one non-magnetic underlayer (“UL”); (c) a first ferromagnetic layer (“M1”); (d) a non-magnetic spacer layer (“SPL”); and (e) a second ferromagnetic layer serving as a magnetic recording layer (“M2”); wherein: the first ferromagnetic layer (c) serves as a combined interlayer (“IL”) and “bottom” magnetic layer (“BML”) and the non-magnetic spacer layer (d) provides RKKY-type coupling between the first ferromagnetic layer (c) and the second ferromagnetic layer (e) for stabilizing the medium via anti-ferromagnetic coupling

Abstract: A gas turbine component consists of a superalloy base material with a single crystal structure and a protective MCrAlY-coating (6). The MCrAlY-coating (6) has a g/g′ single crystal structure, which is epitaxial with the base material. It has be determined the critical factors for the successful epitaxial and crack-free growth of the MCrAlY-coating (6).

Abstract: A high-temperature strength member comprises a substrate of Ni-based single crystal alloy or a Ni-based unidirectional solidified alloy and a coating of a B-containing alloy having a specified B content formed on the surface thereof by a spraying process or a vapor deposition process.

Abstract: A high areal recording density, anti-ferromagnetically coupled (“AFC”) perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises: a layer stack formed over the surface of a non-magnetic substrate (2), comprising, in overlying sequence: an underlayer (3) comprised of a magnetically soft ferromagnetic material; at least one non-magnetic interlayer (4); a perpendicularly anisotropic stabilization layer (6) comprised of a hard ferromagnetic material; a non-magnetic spacer layer (7); and a perpendicularly anisotropic main recording layer (5) comprised of a hard ferromagnetic material; wherein the perpendicularly anisotropic stabilization layer (6) and the perpendicularly anisotropic main recording layer (5) are anti-ferromagnetically coupled (AFC) across the non-magnetic spacer layer (7) to orient the magnetic moments thereof anti-parallel and thereby provide the medium with increased

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium, which has a low level of recording noise and sufficiently large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy relative to demagnetizing field energy, includes a substrate and a multi-layered magnetic film. The multi-layered magnetic film is composed of ferromagnetic metal layers of Co alloy containing at least Cr and non-magnetic metal layers of Pd alloy, each one layer of which are laminated alternately on top of one layer of the other. The ferromagnetic metal layers and the non-magnetic metal layers have a thickness of d1 and d2, respectively, with the ratio of d1/d2 being in the range of 1.5 to 4.0. This specific layer structure reduces the magnetic exchange interaction between magnetic particles in the multi-layered magnetic film. Therefore, the perpendicular magnetic recording medium is stable against thermal disturbance and has a low level of recording noise.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium including a recording layer for recording information and a substrate for supporting the recording layer is disclosed. The recording layer includes: a recording magnetic film for recording the information, the recording magnetic film being formed of a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy film; and a readout magnetic film for optically reading out the information, the readout magnetic film being capable of being magnetically coupled with the recording magnetic film by an exchange-coupling force. The composition of the readout magnetic film may be chosen such that the exchange coupling force from the recording magnetic film does not affect the magnetization around the surface of the readout magnetic film on the side on which the readout light is incident.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a disk for information storage. The disk, in one embodiment, comprises a substrate 204, antiferromagnetically exchange coupled first and second ferromagnetic films 220 and 236, a spacer film 228, and at least one buffer film 232 located between the first and second ferromagnetic films. One or more of the following statements is true with respect to the buffer film 232: (i) the buffer film 232 is paramagnetic; (ii) the buffer film 232 is superparamagnetic at temperatures of about 50° C. or less; and (iii) a lattice mismatch between the buffer film 232 and at least one of the first and second ferromagnetic films 220 and 236 in contact with the buffer film is about 5% or less.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium including a magnetic recording layer for recording information and a magnetic reproducing layer provided on the magnetic recording layer for reading information. The magnetic reproducing layer is separated into a first reproducing layer having a first composition and a second reproducing layer having a second composition slightly different from the first composition. The first and second reproducing layers have the same principal components. By changing a ratio in film thickness between the first and second reproducing layers, variations in composition of the first and second reproducing layers can be corrected.

Abstract: A peelable composite foil includes a metallic carrier foil, a first barrier layer on one side of the metallic carrier and a second metallic layer on the first barrier layer. The second metallic layer includes a combination of a metal selected from the group including zinc, molybdenum, antimony and tungsten, and an electrodeposited, ultra-thin metal foil on the second metallic layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for high areal recording density that has excellent thermal fluctuation resistance and recording/reproduction characteristics, and a method of producing the same. The magnetic recording medium includes a glass substrate, an NiP layer having an oxide film on its surface provided on the glass substrate, a ground layer provided on the NiP layer, and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer provided on the ground layer. The magnetic recording medium further includes an exchange layer structure composed of a ferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic coupling layer provided on the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic recording layer provided on the exchange layer structure. The oxide film on the NiP layer is formed by introducing a small quantity of oxygen into a vacuum chamber of a sputter device. The formation and oxidation of the NiP layer are conducted at a temperature of not less than 140° C.

Abstract: A low cost aluminide process for moderate temperature applications. A gas turbine engine component is cleaned and coated with a layer of metal, generally aluminum, containing paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a first temperature for a first period of time in an air environment to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a second temperature for a second period of time in an oxygen-free atmosphere to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The now metal layer and component are heated to a third temperature for a third period of time to interdiffuse the metal and the metal of the component. The component and diffusion layer are then cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A configuration for laminated antiferromagnetically coupled magnetic recording layers for a magnetic recording medium is described. For this purpose, a stabilization layer (top layer) is put on top of the main magnetic recording layer (middle layer) and another stabilization layer (bottom layer) is put under the main magnetic recording layer. The top layer, middle layer and bottom layer are antiferromagnetically coupled. This configuration can double the antiferromagnetic coupling on the recording layer and thus increase the thermal stability. This configuration can also further reduce the remnant magnetization thickness product (Mr&dgr;), which is critical for low noise media. A traditional or new intermediate layer, underlayer and seedlayer can be used under magnetic layers of the present invention. Further, a tradition or new overcoat and lubricant can be used over the magnetic layers of the present invention.

Abstract: A product (1), in particular a gas-turbine blade (1), has a metallic basic body (2) to which a protective layer (3, 4) for protecting against corrosion is bonded. The protective layer (3, 4) has an inner layer (3) of a first MCrAlY alloy and an outer layer (4) having a second MCrAlY alloy, which is bonded to the inner layer (3). The second MCrAlY alloy is predominantly in the &ggr;-phase and includes 24% to 26% by weight of cobalt. According to a process for producing a protective layer (3, 4), the outer layer (4) is produced by re-melting a region of the inner layer (3) or by deposition of an MCrAlY alloy from a liquid phase.

Abstract: A material for magnetic pole for attaining a writing head generating an intense recording magnetic field, and a structure and a manufacturing method therefor. The thin film magnetic head includes a magnetic pole layer having a plated magnetic layer containing Co, Ni and Fe formed on a plated underlayer of a sputtered magnetic layer containing Co, Ni and Fe. The CoNiFe magnetic layer having a composition: 40 wt %≦Co≦70 wt %, 10 wt %≦Ni≦25 wt % and 10 wt %≦Fe≦30 wt % and a peak intensity ratio in the X-ray diffraction of I(200)/I(111)≧0.5 and I(110)/I(111)≧1 (defining peak intensities for the face-centered cubic fcc (111) face, fcc (200) face and the body-centered cubic bcc (119) face as: I(111), I(200), I(110)).

Abstract: A coating and coating process for incorporating surface features on an air-cooled substrate surface of a component for the purpose of promoting heat transfer from the component. The coating process generally comprises depositing a first metallic coating material on the surface of the component using a first set of coating conditions to form a first environmental coating layer, and then depositing a second metallic coating material using a second set of coating conditions that differ from the first set, such that an outer environmental coating layer is formed having raised surface features that cause the surface of the outer environmental coating layer to be rougher than the surface of the first environmental coating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spin-valve sensor disposed between first and second gap layers and formed of one or more in-situ oxidized films. The improved spin valve sensor helps eliminate electrical shorting between the spin-valve sensor and shield layers. A fabrication method of the gap layers comprises repeatedly depositing a metallic films on a wafer in a DC-magnetron sputtering module of a sputtering system, and then transferring the wafer in a vacuum to an oxidation module where in-situ oxidation is conducted. This deposition/in-situ oxidation process is repeated until a designed thicknesses of gap layers is attained. Smaller, more sensitive spin-valve sensors may be sandwiched between thinner gap layers formed of in-situ oxidized films, thus allowing for greater recording data densities in disk drive systems.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium and a magnetic storage apparatus, which show an excellent S/N ratio and are suitable for ultra high density magnetic recording, are provided. In the perpendicular magnetic recording medium having a recording layer composed of at least two layers of a main recording layer formed above a substrate and a thermally-stabilizing layer formed on the main recording layer, the thermally-stabilizing layer being formed closer to a surface of the medium than the main recording layer, alloy containing Co and Cr as a main component, which shows a low noise property, is used as the main recording layer, amorphous alloy containing rare earth metals and 3d transition metals as a main component, which is excellent in thermal stability, is used as the thermally-stabilizing layer, and a cap layer formed of alloy containing Co and Cr as a main component is formed on a surface of the thermally-stabilizing layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a bond coat on a metal-based substrate is described. A slurry which contains braze material and a volatile component is deposited on the substrate. The slurry can also include bond coat material. Alternatively, the bond coat material can be applied afterward, in solid form or in the form of a second slurry. The slurry and bond coat are then dried and fused to the substrate. A repair technique using this slurry is also described, along with related compositions and articles.

Abstract: A coating system for an article comprising a substrate formed of a metal alloy that is prone to the formation of a deleterious secondary reaction zone (SRZ) as a result of containing more than three weight percent rhenium and at least one additional refractory metal. The coating system comprises an aluminum-containing overlay coating and a diffusion barrier coating between the overlay coating and the substrate. The diffusion barrier coating consists of, in atomic percent, about 20% to about 90% ruthenium, about 2% to about 60% chromium, optionally up to about 50% aluminum, optionally up to about 20% of a platinum-group metal, and the balance at least one of nickel, cobalt, and iron and incidental impurities. The diffusion barrier coating sufficiently inhibits diffusion of aluminum from the overlay coating into the substrate, such that the substrate remains essentially free of SRZ.

Abstract: A soft magnetic film is formed of a CoFe alloy having an Fe content in the range of 68 to 80 mass %, thereby having a saturation magnetic flux density of 2.0 T or more. The center lain average roughness of the film surface is 9 nm or less. The soft magnetic film can achieve a corrosive resistant magnetic head with a high recording density.

Abstract: The oxidation behavior of the bond coat is improved using a HVOF nanostructured NiCrAlY coating. NiCrAlY powder is mechanically cryomilled and HVOF sprayed onto Ni-based alloy to form a nanocrystalline bond coat. Oxidation is performed on the coating to form the thermally grown oxide layer (thermally grown oxide). After heat treatment at 1000° C. for 24 and 95 hour, a homogeneous &agr;-Al2O3 layer is formed on top of the bond coat. The nanostructured characteristic of the coating and the presence of Al2O3 within the cryomilled powders (oxidation occurred during cryomilling process) affects the nucleation of the alumina layer on the top of the coating. The formation of a continuous thermally grown oxide layer protects the coating from further oxidation and avoids the formation of mixed oxide protrusions, such as those presented in the coating sprayed using the as-received powder.

Abstract: An article includes turbulation material bonded to a surface of a substrate via a bonding agent, such as a braze alloy. In an embodiment, the turbulation material includes a particulate phase of discrete metal alloy particles having an average particle size within a range of about 125 microns to about 4000 microns. Other embodiments include methods for applying turbulation and articles for forming turbulation.

Abstract: This invention relates to magneto-optical recording media such as magneto-optical disks and cards, manufacturing methods of the medium and a magneto-optical recording and playback device to record and play back data using the magneto-optical recording media. The magneto-optical recording medium of the present invention has a recording layer and a reflective layer on a substrate, and the recording layer has a layered structure in which at least one spinel ferrite (or rutile-type oxide or hematite) layer and at least one garnet ferrite layer are piled together. It is preferable that the layered structure is formed on tracks where data are recorded. The manufacturing method of the present invention comprises the steps of heat treatment in the range of 500-700° C., preferably 600-630° C., after the formation of the recording layer.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which includes a base body (1-4), first and second magnetic layers (5 and 7), each being of a ferromagnetic material, and a spacer layer (6) formed between the first and the second magnetic layers for inducing antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the first and the second magnetic layers, the second magnetic layer located farther from the base body than the first magnetic layer includes a primary layer (72) and a secondary layer (71) located nearer to the base body than the primary layer. The primary layer has a primary anisotropic magnetic field while the secondary layer has a secondary anisotropic magnetic field which is smaller than the primary anisotropic magnetic field. The first magnetic layer is for controlling the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a first underlying film of a NiTa alloy having a nonmagnetic amorphous structure and formed on a nonmagnetic substrate, and a second underlying film made of an alloy containing Cr and Ti, further a first magnetic film of a CoCrPt alloy, a nonmagnetic intermediate film of Ru and a second magnetic film of a CoCrPtB alloy that are serially formed over the first underlying film, wherein oxygen locally exists in an interface between the first underlying film and the second underlying film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a member coated with thermal barrier coating film having a metal substrate, the surface of which is covered with an adhesive layer (bond coat layer) composed of a heat resisting alloy and a thermal barrier film layer (thermal barrier coating layer) composed of a heat resisting ceramic formed on the adhesive layer, and a thermal spraying powder used for the formation of the adhesive layer, characterized in that the adhesive layer is a MCrAlX alloy (wherein M is at least one metal selected from among Fe, Ni and Co, and X is at least one metal selected from among Y, Hf, Ta, Cs, Pt Zr, La and Th), and an element capable of inhibiting the growth of an oxide layer (TGO) which is grown between the adhesive layer and the thermal barrier film layer by the exposure to a high temperature is added to the adhesive layer.

Abstract: The tin-plated steel sheet includes a base steel sheet; a tin plating layer coating approximately more than 97.0% of the base steel sheet; and a chemical conversion coating having approximately 0.5 to 100 mg/m2 phosphorus and approximately 0.1 to 250 mg/m2 silicon formed on the tin plating layer and an unplated region corresponding to approximately less than 3.0%. The tin-plated steel sheet does not contain chromium which is harmful to the environment but has superior overcoat adhesion property, discoloration resistance, and rust resistance.

Abstract: A barrier coating is disclosed, containing about 15 atom % to about 95 atom % chromium; and about 5 atom % to about 60 atom % of at least one of rhenium, tungsten, and ruthenium. Nickel, cobalt, iron, and aluminum may also be present. The barrier coating can be disposed between a metal substrate (e.g., a superalloy) and an oxidation-resistant coating, preventing the substantial diffusion of various elements at elevated service temperatures. A ceramic overcoat (e.g., based on zirconia) can be applied over the oxidation-resistant coating. Related methods for applying protective coatings to metal substrates are also described.

Abstract: An anti-ferromagnetically coupled (“AFC”), high areal density magnetic recording medium having improved thermal stability and signal-to-medium noise ratio (“SMNR”), comprising: (a) a non-magnetic substrate having at least one surface; and (b) a ferromagnetic recording layer comprising a layer stack overlying the at least one surface, the layer stack comprising a plurality of vertically spaced-apart ferromagnetic layers, the ferromagnetic layers being spaced-apart by respective non-magnetic spacer layers providing anti-ferromagnetic coupling (AFC) therebetween, the total exchange energy acting upon each of the ferromagnetic layers of the layer stack in the remanent state and their effective magnetic energies adjusted to provide opposing alignment of the magnetic moments of adjacent ferromagnetic layers of the stack.

Abstract: In the present invention, which produces a clad sheet for a multilayered printed circuit board capable of being economically manufactured and having excellent performance, a multilayered printed circuit board using thereof and a manufacturing method thereof, a multilayered printed circuit board is manufactured by forming clad sheet for a multilayered printed circuit board 34 by laminating copper foil 19, 24, 33 which are to be formed into conductor layer 10, 17, 18 and nickel plating 20, 21 which are to be etching-stopper layer and simultaneously press-bonding both, producing a base by selectively etching clad sheet for a multilayered printed circuit board 34, forming outer conductor layer 15, 16 on the surface of the base and simultaneously making patterning, and electrically connecting among conductor layer 10, 15, 16 by interposing columnar conductor 17, 18 formed by etching copper foil 19, 24, 33 and nickel plating 20, 21.

Abstract: A material for magnetic pole for attaining a writing head generating an intense recording magnetic field, and a structure and a manufacturing method therefor. The thin film magnetic head includes a magnetic pole layer having a plated magnetic layer containing Co, Ni and Fe formed on a plated underlayer of a sputtered magnetic layer containing Co, Ni and Fe. The CoNiFe magnetic layer having a composition: 40 wt %≦Co≦70 wt %, 10 wt %≦Ni≦25 wt % and 10 wt %≦Fe≦30 wt % and a peak intensity ratio in the X-ray diffraction of I(200)/I(111)≧0.5 and I(110)/I(111)≧1 (defining peak intensities for the face-centered cubic fcc (111) face, fcc (200) face and the body-centered cubic bcc (119) face as: I(111), I(200), I(110)).

Abstract: A ferromagnetic thin-film based magnetoresistive device with a first ferromagnetic material based film having electrically conductive, ferromagnetic material nanogranules embedded in an intergranular material of a smaller electrical conductivity first nonmagnetic. The device may have an intermediate layer adjacent the first ferromagnetic material based film and a second film is on the other side of the intermediate layer of a substantially ferromagnetic material. The first film is less than 1.0 &mgr;m thick.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spin-valve sensor employing one or more in-situ oxidized films as cap and/or gap layers in order to achieve an increased GMR coefficient and improved thermal stability. A fabrication method comprises depositing multilayer metallic films on a wafer in ion-beam and DC-magnetron sputtering modules of a sputtering system, and then transferring the wafer in a vacuum to an oxidation module where in-situ oxidation is conducted. When the method is used to form a cap layer, the cap layer may only be partially oxidized. A magnetic-field annealing may be subsequently conducted without the substantial occurrence of interface mixing and oxygen diffusion during the anneal process. The resulting spin-valve sensor exhibits an increased GMR coefficient, possibly due to induced specular scattering of conduction electrons and improved thermal stability mainly due to the protection of an underlying sensing layer from interface mixing and oxygen diffusion during the annealing process.