Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic image, includes: magnetic core material particles and a coated layer coated on the magnetic core material particles, the coated layer containing a resin having a monomer unit represented by formula (A): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2 to R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; R5 independently represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; n represents an integer of from 0 to 7; and L1 represents a single bond or an alkylene group, provided that at least one of R3 and R4 is not a hydrogen atom.
Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic toner having at least: a binder resin, a coloring agent, and an alkali metal salt of polyethylene oxide. The invention further provides an electrophotographic developer having the electrophotographic toner, a process cartridge having a developer bearing body which accommodates the electrophotographic developer, and an image forming apparatus having a toner image forming member that forms a toner image on a recording medium by using the electrophotographic developer and a fixing member that fixes the toner image by heating and pressurizing or by photoirradiation. The processing speed in image formation using the image forming apparatus can be about 1,000 mm/sec or more.
Abstract: The present disclosure describes toner compositions containing an additive package including one or more additives that exhibit low dielectric loss, which toners exhibit improved tribo charging, 2nd transfer efficiency and IQ without affecting color.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 9, 2011
Date of Patent:
July 29, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Suxia Yang, Richard P N Veregin, Magid Kamel, Cuong Vong, Kimberly Nosella, Eric Rotberg
Abstract: An image forming toner, including a mother particle including a paraffin wax having a melting point of from 60 to 90° C. and a binder resin, wherein the mother particle has an endothermic peak of the paraffin wax of from 2.0 J/g to 5.5 J/g when measured by a DSC and an aspect ratio of from 0.8 to 0.90.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 29, 2008
Date of Patent:
July 22, 2014
Assignee:
Ricoh Company, Ltd.
Inventors:
Toyoshi Sawada, Tomomi Suzuki, Tsuneyasu Nagatomo, Satoshi Kojima
Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to toner additives, and in particular, toner additives that provide desired higher toner charge and low relative humidity (RH) sensitivity. The toner additives comprise titania nanotubes or titania nanosheets in combination with or in place of the commonly used anatase or rutile crystalline titania.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 5, 2012
Date of Patent:
July 22, 2014
Assignees:
Xerox Corporation, National Research Council of Canada
Inventors:
Richard P. Veregin, Qingbin Li, Andriy Kovalenko, Sergey Gusarov
Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin containing at least one polyester resin comprising an inorganic tin (II) compound and an external additive including a particulate inorganic material having a volume average particle diameter greater than 70 nm and less than 300 nm. The binder resin preferably includes a polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 50,000 and another resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 200,000 to 400,000. A developer including the toner; and a developing device, an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge, which form toner images using the toner are also provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 6, 2011
Date of Patent:
July 22, 2014
Assignee:
Ricoh Company, Limited
Inventors:
Hyo Shu, Mitsuo Aoki, Minoru Masuda, Kumi Hasegawa
Abstract: Disclosed is a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, including a toner particle coated with a combination of sol-gel silica particles, hydrophobically surface-treated fumed silica particles, and hydrophobically surface-treated titanium dioxide particles.
Abstract: Disclosed is a decolorable toner produced by aggregating dispersed fine particles of a color material containing at least a color-forming compound, a color-developing agent and a decoloring agent with dispersed fine particles containing at least a binder resin having a carboxyl group, then adding a compound having a carbodiimide group or an epoxy group reactive with the carboxyl group of the binder resin, and thereafter fusing the aggregate particles, respectively in an aqueous medium. The thus obtained decolorable toner can suppress the generation of fine powder by the release of erasable color material fine particles from the toner particles.
Abstract: A toner having charge control agents which impart excellent triboelectric charging characteristics. In embodiments, the toner particles are made by a process in which the toner particles are made without a shell which provides homogenous distribution of the charge control agents, providing a toner with higher charge and better environmental stability.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 1, 2012
Date of Patent:
July 15, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Maura A. Sweeney, Robert D. Bayley, Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz, Brian S. Wang
Abstract: A toner including a mother particle and an external additive covering a surface of the mother particle is provided. The mother particle includes a binder resin, a colorant, and a release agent. The external additive includes a particulate cellulose having a number average particle diameter within a range of 15 to 105 nm.
Abstract: A toner is provided that exhibits a high long-term image stability even during high-speed printing and that also exhibits an excellent environmental stability. The toner comprises a binder resin, a colorant, and a nonionic surfactant, wherein the nonionic surfactant has an oxyethylene group (EO) and an oxypropylene group (PO) and has a ratio of the number of moles of the oxypropylene group to the number of moles of the oxyethylene group (PO/EO) of at least 0.01 and not more than 5.00; and when A (?g/g) is defined as a nonionic surfactant content on the surface of the toner that can be extracted by methanol from 1 g of the toner and B (m2/g) is defined as a theoretical specific surface area determined from a toner particle diameter distribution obtained by a precision particle diameter distribution analyzer that operates based on an aperture electrical resistance method, a ratio A/B is at least 100 ?g/m2 and not more than 9000 ?g/m2.
Abstract: An image forming method is disclosed, comprising transferring and fixing steps, wherein fixing is performed by a fixing device in which at least one of a heating member and a pressing member comprises an endless belt entrained about plural rollers, and the heating member and the pressing member are pressed against each other to form a fixing nip, and wherein toner particles contains a binder resin which has a domain/matrix structure constituted of a high-elastic resin forming a domain and a low-elastic resin forming a matrix in an elastic image obtained when observing the toner particles by an atomic force microscope with respect to a section of the individual toner particles, in which an arithmetic average value of a ratio (L/W) of a major axis (L) to a minor axis (W) of individual domains is 1.5 to 5.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 7, 2011
Date of Patent:
July 8, 2014
Assignee:
Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.
Inventors:
Noboru Ueda, Hiroshi Nagasawa, Anju Hori
Abstract: A magenta toner for electrophotography, including: toner particles containing, a polyester resin, a coloring agent containing a solid solution of C.I. Pigment Violet 19 and C.I. Pigment Red 122, a release agent, and inorganic particles; and an external additive, wherein an average particle diameter of the inorganic particle is 0.75 times or more the average particle diameter of the coloring agent.
Abstract: The present invention provides a toner which, despite its spherical shape, makes it possible to prevent an external additive from being embedded in the toner easily or by a load generating low stress, reduce variation in image density, maintain cleaning ability and transfer ability throughout its long-term use and obtain excellent image quality, and further, provides a two-component developer, an image forming method and an image forming apparatus with the use of the toner. There is a toner including: base particles including a colorant and a resin, and hard fine particles, wherein the base particles and the hard fine particles are mixed together, and protruding portions formed of fine organic resin particles which are different in composition from a resin contained as a main component in the base particles are provided on surfaces of the base particles.
Abstract: To provide a toner, containing: a binder resin; a crystalline polyester resin; a colorant; and wax, wherein the toner has a fluidized powder characteristic value of 35% to 45%, and a BET specific surface area of 2.8 m2/g to 4 m2/g, and wherein the toner has an intensity ratio P2850/P828 of 0.10 to 0.20, where P2850 is an intensity of a peak at 2850 cm?1 which is attributed from the wax and the crystalline polyester resin, and P828 is an intensity of a peak at 828 cm?1 which is attributed from the binder resin, as measured by total reflectance infrared spectroscopy.
Abstract: There is provided an electrostatic image developing toner less likely to cause image degradation even when used for a long period, by controlling CCA particles present on surfaces of toner particles and thereby keeping an amount of tribocharge generated between the toner and a magnetic carrier or the like constant. A charge control agent composition for external addition for controlling charge amount of toner particles includes: at least two types of carrier particles different in average particle size of primary particles; and a charge control agent (CCA), and an electrostatic image developing toner is constituted of a mixture of toner particles and the aforesaid charge control agent composition for external addition.
Type:
Application
Filed:
February 25, 2014
Publication date:
June 19, 2014
Applicants:
SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD., MORIMURA CHEMICALS LIMITED
Abstract: An electrostatic image developer having little change in charge amount, no generation of fog and excellent environmental stability under all of low temperature and low humidity environment, normal temperature and normal humidity environment, and high temperature and high humidity environment is provided. Disclosed is an electrostatic image developer comprising a colored resin particle containing a binder resin and a colorant, and an external additive, wherein the external additive contains an alumina fine particle in plate-like shape subjected to a hydrophobicity-imparting treatment having a number average primary particle diameter of 20 to 120 nm and an aspect ratio of 3 to 15, and a content of the alumina fine particle is in the range from 0.05 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the colored resin particle.
Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic image comprising a toner particle containing a binding resin is disclosed. which, and In the toner the binding resin has a domain-matrix structure composed of a high elastic resin composing a domain and a low elastic resin composing a matrix, an arithmetic mean value of ratio (L/W) of the Length L to Width W of the domains is 1.5 to 5.0, domains having Length L in the range of 60 to 500 nm exist 80 number % or more, and domains having Width Win the range of 45 to 100 nm exist 80 number % or more, in a viscoelastic image of a cross section of the toner particle observed via an atomic force microscope.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 7, 2011
Date of Patent:
June 3, 2014
Assignee:
Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.
Inventors:
Anju Hori, Noboru Ueda, Hiroshi Nagasawa
Abstract: A toner includes a binder including two different weight molecular weight resins, a colorant, and a releasing agent, wherein a gel permeation chromatogram (GPC) molecular weight distribution curve of the toner has a major peak (Mp) present in a range of about 1.0×104 to about 3.0×104 g/mol and a shoulder curve starting at 1.0×105 g/mol or more, and a storage modulus (G?) curve of the toner with respect to temperature has Ts, which is a temperature at which a storage modulus value begins to decrease, in a temperature range of about 50 to about 67° C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 15, 2011
Date of Patent:
June 3, 2014
Assignee:
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Inventors:
Kyeong Pang, Jun-young Lee, Tae-hoe Koo, Su-bum Park, Ju-yeon Lee
Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes: a release agent; a pigment; and a binder resin. The content of the pigment is from about 10% by weight to about 50% by weight, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the toner is in the range of from about ?60° C. to about 20° C., and the Young's modulus at 20° C. is in the range of from about 1×100 MPa to about 1×103 MPa.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 31, 2012
Date of Patent:
May 27, 2014
Assignee:
Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
Inventors:
Satoshi Kamiwaki, Kiyohiro Yamanaka, Yusuke Ikeda, Koji Sasaki
Abstract: The invention is to provide a positively charging electrostatic image developing toner capable of providing a high quality and high gloss and excellent in stability in long term use and environmental stability, and especially not causing fog in the use at high temperature and high humidity condition. The present invention relates to an electrostatic image developing toner comprising toner mother particles containing a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the binder resin contains a repeating unit having 4 to 20 ether bonds, containing a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and accounting for a specific amount.
Type:
Application
Filed:
January 28, 2014
Publication date:
May 22, 2014
Applicant:
MITSUBISHI CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Inventors:
Usei JO, Tetsuharu YUGE, Maki SAITO, Masami TSURUMORI
Abstract: A toner including a binder resin, a colorant, and a release agent is provided. The toner has a peak loss tangent (tan ?) value of 3 or more within a temperature range of 80 to 160° C. Here, the loss tangent (tan ?) is a ratio (G?/G?) of a loss elastic modulus (G?) to a storage elastic modulus (G?). The toner provides a good combination of low-temperature fixability, hot offset resistance, storage stability, coloring power and/or opacifying power, and gloss.
Abstract: A surface decorated particle including a core particle phase having an outer surface; and fine inorganic particles on the outer surface of the core particle phase; wherein the fine inorganic particles have hydrophobic groups covalently bonded primarily on portions of surfaces of the fine inorganic particles positioned away from the core particle phase. Such surface decorated particles are obtainable by a method including stabilizing dispersed hydrophobic phase particles in an aqueous phase with fine inorganic particles having a relatively hydrophilic surface; and treating the stabilized dispersed hydrophobic phase particles with a hydrophobic group containing reactant to form hydrophobic groups covalently bonded to surfaces of the fine inorganic particles.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 30, 2010
Date of Patent:
May 20, 2014
Assignee:
Eastman Kodak Company
Inventors:
Mridula Nair, David D. Putnam, Shari L. Eiff, Cumar Sreekumar
Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, includes: colored particles containing a colorant and a binder resin, and two or more kinds of inorganic particles that are externally added to a surface of the colored particles, in which the two or more kinds of inorganic particles contain titanium-containing particles and silica-containing particles, an exposure ratio of the surface of the colored particles is about 25% or less, and a ratio of the titanium-containing particles that are in contact with the colored particles is about 15% by number or less.
Abstract: An external additive for toner that contains a resin particle and two or more kinds of particulates having different compositions present on the resin particle.
Abstract: Provided is a toner wherein when a solid image formed by the toner is irradiated with incident light at an incident angle of ?45° using a goniophotometer, a ratio (A/B) of a reflectance A at a light-receiving angle of +30° to a reflectance B at a light-receiving angle of ?30° is about 2 or more and about 100 or less.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 29, 2010
Date of Patent:
May 13, 2014
Assignee:
Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
Inventors:
Masaru Takahashi, Yasuo Kadokura, Shuji Sato
Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic charge image developer including a first toner that contains a binder resin and a brilliant pigment, a second toner that contains a binder resin without a brilliant pigment, and a carrier, wherein the developer satisfies the following formulae, 5 ?m?A?30 ?m??(1): 1 ?m?B?15 ?m??(2): 3.0?C/A?5.0??(3): 5.0?C/B?20.0??(4): wherein A represents a volume average particle size of the first toner, B represents a volume average particle size of the second toner, and C represents a volume average particle size of the carrier.
Abstract: A toner particle has a core and a shell surrounding the core, wherein the shell contains a polymerized charge enhanced spacer particle, which is a copolymer of a charge control agent and a monomer. A method of making toner particles includes forming a slurry by mixing together a first emulsion containing a resin, optionally a wax, optionally a colorant, optionally a surfactant, optionally a coagulant, and one or more additional optional additive, heating the slurry to form aggregated particles in the slurry, forming a second emulsion containing a monomer and a charge control agent, polymerizing the second emulsion to form a copolymer of the monomer and the charge control agent, and incorporating the copolymer into the toner particles, wherein the aggregated particles form a core of the toner particles.
Type:
Application
Filed:
November 2, 2012
Publication date:
May 8, 2014
Applicant:
XEROX CORPORATION
Inventors:
Robert D. BAYLEY, Maura A. SWEENEY, Grazyna E. KMIECIK-LAWRYNOWICZ
Abstract: The present disclosure describes a toner produced using a coalescing temperature lower than the melting point of a wax in the toner, quench cooling or both. The resulting toners can exhibit reduced dielectric loss and improved tribo charging.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 29, 2012
Date of Patent:
April 8, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Melanie Davis, Kimberly Nosella, Suxia Yang, Daryl Vanbesien, Richard P. N. Veregin
Abstract: Disclosed is a non-magnetic toner for use in developing electrostatic toner image, wherein the toner is produced by a toner production method that includes: dispersing in an aqueous medium an organic dispersion liquid that comprises in an organic solvent a pigment, a binder resin and/or a binder resin precursor, and a releasing agent; removing the organic solvent to prepare a dispersion slurry in which toner particles are dispersed in the aqueous medium; heating the dispersion slurry to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the releasing agent; and washing the toner particles.
Abstract: To provide a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which is free from fogging even by means of a high speed and long operating life machine and which brings about no OPC filming or soiling of components. A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which contains at least a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner has silica particles satisfying at least the following (1) to (3) and particles having an electrostatic property antipolar to the silica particles: (1) the average primary particle diameter is at least 60 nm and at most 300 nm, (2) the moisture content is at most 1.0 mass %, and (3) the absolute specific gravity is at least 2.0 and at most 2.4.
Abstract: An electrophotographic toner contains an electron donating color former compound, an electron accepting color developing agent, and a binder resin, wherein a toluene insoluble content in the electrophotographic toner is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and the toner is decolorized by heating.
Abstract: A two-component developer includes: a toner; a carrier having a surface energy of from about 23 dyne/cm to about 37 dyne/cm; and an external additive having a shape factor SF1 of from about 130 to about 150 and a number-average particle diameter of from about 80 nm to about 1 ?m; and an existence ratio A of the external additive on a surface of the toner and an existence ratio B of the external additive on a surface of the carrier satisfying the relationship of the following Expression 1: 0.04?B/A?0.4.
Abstract: The continuous process for manufacturing toners disclosed herein includes continuously feeding components of a toner composition into a feed section of a screw extruder at a controlled rate. The continuous process for manufacturing toners may include feeding the components of a toner composition into the feed section of a screw extruder without performing an external or secondary dispersion step. That is to say, the components of the toner composition may be fed directly into the extruder without using dispersions of individual components as used in batch processes. Rather, the toner components are added to the extruder in dry form, melt-mixed, and may be dispersed in aqueous form in the extruder. The process may produce micron-sized toner particles, thus no further size reduction may be necessary.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 29, 2012
Date of Patent:
April 1, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Joo T. Chung, Chieh-Min Cheng, Zhen Lai, Mark E. Mang, Eugene F. Young, Brian Andaya, Joseph Leonardo
Abstract: There is provided a toner for electrophotography containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and a barium compound, and having a relaxation modulus G(t) of from about 2.0×102 Pa to about 3.0×103 Pa in a relaxation time of t=10×Dt (wherein Dt is the heating time taken during fixing) as determined by the measurement of dynamic viscoelasticity, and a barium content of from about 0.1% to about 0.5% with respect to the total amount of constituent atoms in the toner as determined by X-ray fluorescence.
Abstract: The present disclosure aims to provide a toner that is capable of keeping a photoreceptor drum in satisfactory condition for a long period of time and preventing the occurrence of pinholes on the photoreceptor drum, which plays a key role in forming images. The present disclosure provides an electrostatic charge image developing toner in which an external additive is added to toner base particles, wherein the external additive includes inorganic fine particles attached with conductive fine particles, and the conductive fine particles are attached to the inorganic fine particles with certain strength.
Abstract: An electrostatic image-developing toner comprising a binder resin, wherein the content of all the chlorine-substituted benzene derivatives in the electrostatic image-developing toner is about 0.01 ppb or more and about 10 ppb or less.
Abstract: A toner including: a first binder resin; a colorant; a releasing agent; and a crystalline organic compound, wherein the first binder resin contains an amorphous polyester resin (a) having a polyhydroxycarboxylic acid skeleton derived from optically active monomers in a part of a main chain of the amorphous polyester resin, and the polyhydroxycarboxylic acid skeleton has an optical purity X, calculated on the monomer basis, of 80% or less, and the optical purity X is determined from the equation, Optical Purity X (%)=|X(L-form)?X(D-form)| wherein the crystalline organic compound is any one of a crystalline polyester resin (b) and a crystalline low molecular compound having a melting point of 60° C. to 100° C., and being selected from a group consisting of fatty acid having 16 to 24 carbon atoms, alcohol having 16 to 24 carbon atoms, a fatty acid ester compound, and aliphatic carboxylic acid amide.
Abstract: The present disclosure provides toners and processes for making said toners. In embodiments, the toners include a fluorescent additive having a fluorescent agent. Toners are colorless when viewed under natural light but when exposed to UV light of a specific wavelength the toners are rendered bright green due to the presence of the fluorescent agent.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 23, 2010
Date of Patent:
March 18, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Suxia Yang, Richard P. N. Veregin, Gabriel Iftime, Jordan H. Wosnick, Cuong Vong, Paul J. Gerroir, Eric Rotberg, Karen Ann Moffat, Daryl W. Vanbesien
Abstract: A method for producing toner according to one example embodiment includes combining and agglomerating a first polymer emulsion with a colorant dispersion and a release agent dispersion to form toner cores. A borax coupling agent is added to the toner cores. A second polymer emulsion is combined and agglomerated with the toner cores having the borax coupling agent to form toner shells around the toner cores. The aggregated toner cores and toner shells are fused to form toner particles.
Abstract: In a positively chargeable toner, calcium carbonate fine particles having a certain average primary particle diameter are attached to the surface of toner base particles. The toner base particles contain at least a binder resin and a colorant. The calcium carbonate fine particles are ones which had been subjected to a surface treatment with a positively chargeable surface treating agent and a silicone oil. A mass ratio of the positively chargeable surface treating agent to the silicone oil attached to the surface of the calcium carbonate fine particles is set to be 7:3 to 3:7 in terms of the positively chargeable surface treating agent:the silicone oil.
Abstract: The present invention is to provide a toner for developing electrostatic images having excellent fixability, peelability, shelf stability (blocking resistance), printing durability, printing durability after being left at high temperature and thin line reproducibility. A toner for developing electrostatic images, comprising colored resin particles comprising a binder resin, a colorant and a wax, wherein the wax contains a natural sunflower wax, and wherein the natural sunflower wax has an acid value of 10 mg KOH/g or less, and a content of the natural sunflower wax is in the range from 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
Abstract: A negative charge controlling agent, wherein: the negative charge controlling agent comprises polycondensation product obtained by a polycondensation reaction of phenols and aldehydes; and the phenols comprises a (A) mononucleus phenolic compound which has one phenolic hydroxy group in which a hydrogen is bonded at the ortho position of a hydroxyl group of the phenolic hydroxy group and a (B) multinucleus phenolic compound which has at least two phenolic hydroxy groups in which a hydrogen is bonded at the ortho position of a hydroxyl group of each of the phenolic hydroxy group; and the content of the (B) phenolic compound in the phenols is 1 to 30 mol %.
Abstract: A toner containing a binder resin comprising a first binder resin A and a second binder resin B, a coloring agent, and a releasing agent, wherein the first binder resin A is formed by reacting a compound A1 having an active hydrogen group with a resin A2 having a portion reactive with the compound A1 in an organic solvent and the resin A2 is formed by reacting a non-crystalline polyester resin “a” having a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid skeleton in the main chain with a compound having the portion reactive with the compound A1 having an active hydrogen group.
Abstract: A toner having toner base particles each of which contains at least a binder resin and a colorant, and silica titania composite particles. The silica titania composite particles contain silica in an amount of from 55.0% by mass to 85.0% by mass; and, in a chart obtained by the measurement by X-ray diffraction of the silica titania composite particles and where, in respect of a peak having the highest diffraction intensity and a peak having the next-highest diffraction intensity among peaks present in the range of 2?=24.0 to 29.0, the value of area of the peak on the lower-angle side is represented by Xa and the value of area of the peak on the higher-angle side is represented by Xb, the ratio of Xa/Xb is from 95/5 to 75/25.
Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner contains a binder resin, a release agent, a black colorant, a methylglycine diacetate, and an aluminum element, the content of the methylglycine diacetate is in the range of from 5 ppm to 500 ppm, and the content of the aluminum element is in the range of from 0.07 atomic % to 0.18 atomic % in total element analysis using fluorescent X-rays.
Abstract: The present disclosure provides toners having a tunable gloss level, electrophotographic apparatus for suing such toners as well as processes for making such toners.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 4, 2013
Date of Patent:
February 18, 2014
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Edward G. Zwartz, T. Brian McAneney, Valerie M. Farrugia, Jordan H. Wosnick, Richard P N Veregin, Eric Rotberg