Abstract: Photographic recording materials of which the binder layers consist of protein-like binders which have been hardened in the usual way show reduced susceptibility to the effect of formaldehyde when--in addition to the usual hardeners--low molecular weight monofunctional compounds which are capable of reacting with free primary amino groups of the binder under casting and/or storage conditions without causing additional hardening are allowed to act on the binder.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, which has at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, said silver halide emulsion layer containing a latex which has been stabilized by a protective colloid which is at least one substance selected from among natural water-soluble polymers, derivatives thereof, and synthetic hydrophilic polymers having at least one nonionic group and at least one anionic group in the molecular structure.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprises a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one layer of said material comprising gelatin crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, said crosslinks being capable of being cleaved on reduction.

Abstract: Color photographic print materials are described in which the surface pH is between about 4.0 and 5.3. The photographic elements have improved keeping properties under adverse conditions of storage.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having at least two hydrophilic colloid layers on one side of a support, at least one of said hydrophilic colloid layers containing dextran having an average molecular weight of at least 100,000, wherein at least one hydrophilic colloid layer containing substantially no dextran and having a dry thickness of at least 1.0 .mu.m exists between the hydrophilic colloid layer containing the dextran disposing nearest to the support and the support.

Abstract: This invention relates to layers for photographic materials, which comprises a polysaccharide which is formed extracellularly by bacterial fermentation of glucose, maltose, sucrose or xylose, if appropriate in the presence of yeast, yeast hydrolysate or casein-hydrolysate, and with mono-, di- and/or tri-valent metal ions, forms gels having a solidification temperature between 24.degree. and 25.degree. C. Gellan gum has proved to be a particularly advantageous polysaccharide for use in the layers according to the invention.

Abstract: A light-sensitive recording medium comprising a base sheet composed of a water-soluble material having carried thereon light-sensitive microcapsules encapsulating a dye precursor; a cartridge encasing a light-sensitive recording medium, which is composed of a water-soluble material and has light-shielding property; and an image recording system involving at least one of the light-sensitive recording medium and the cartridge are disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and a process for processing it are disclosed. The light-sensitive material is improved in photographic sensitivity, drying property and anti-roller-mark property and is suitable for the disclosed ultra-rapid processing by an automatic processor in which the photographic material is processed for the time of 20 sec to 60 sec in total. The light-sensitive material comprises a support having on at least one side thereof one or more hydrophilic layers containing gelatin which comprise at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer. An amount of the gelatin contained in said hydrophilic layer or layers is within the range of from 1.90 to 3.50 g/m.sup.2 and a swelling amount of said hydrophilic layer or layers is within the range of from 30 to 58 g/m.sup.2 when said light-sensitive material is treated in a specific condition for 15 sec. at 35.degree. C.

Abstract: A method is provided for protecting renatured collagen against bacterial and fungal attack by contacting the collagen with a silver ion-containing solution at a pH from 4.0 to 9.0 and exposing the silver-chelated collagen to ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising at least one layer of a silver halide emulsion on a support is improved in shelf stability by treating a chemically sensitized silver halide emulsion with an ion-exchange resin or a porous absorbent to remove residue of the chemical sensitizer during and/or after chemical sensitization.

Abstract: A method of forming color photographic images where a silver halide color photographic material containing a coupler which forms a dye by reaction with the oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent and containing an acid-processed gelatin in an amount of 25% by weight or more of the amount of the total gelatin coated is color developed, desilvered and then rinsed in water and/or stabilized. The total of the processing time of said desilvering, rinsing-in-water and stabilization steps is controlled to be 3 minutes or less, and/or the amount of replenisher added to the rinsing-in-water bath and stabilization bath is controlled to be from 0.5 to 50 times of the amount of the processing solution which is brought into the rinsing-in-water bath and stabilization bath from the desilvering bath together with the material which is being processed.

Abstract: Multicolor holograms using gelatin as the binder and having interference fringes lying in layers parallel to the substrate, the colors of which are visible by reflection in incident natural light, by treating the holographic material which has been holographically exposed and processed to produce a hologram therein, by applying to the selected areas of the gelatin which contains the interference fringes a solution of a compound which causes the interference fringes to separate permanently and produce a bathochromic shift in the replay wavelength.

Abstract: A process of forming a solid granular film is disclosed, which comprises dispersing solid granules into a liquid with the aid of a dispersant, removing the dispersant from the resulting dispersion to suspend the solid granules at the vapor-liquid interface, and transferring the solid granules onto a support, whereby high covering power is attained with respect to solid granules.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer with an automatic developing machine which comprises developing an imagewise exposed silver halide light-sensitive material, wherein an amount of organic substances remaining in at least one of the emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layers comprising a surface protective layer after said processing with said automatic developing machine, is not more than about 90 wt % of the weight of said organic substances prior to said processing.

Abstract: A contact type color image sensor comprises a photoelectric converting section comprising a plurality of photoelectric converting elements of sandwich type in which a metallic electrode, a photoelectric converting layer and a light permeable electrode are sequentially formed on an elongated substrate, and a color filtering layer formed on a light receiving area of said photoelectric converting section, wherein said color filter layer comprises a dyeable polymer layer dyed a desirable color.

Abstract: Holograms using gelatin as the binders are prepared by holographically exposing holographic material with coherent light, developing the holographic image by a chemical or physical process and before processing, simultaneously or subsequently, treating the material with an aqueous solution of a polymer which comprises a tertiary amine group.

Abstract: Holograms which contain gelatin as the binder are prepared by holographically exposing the holographic material by use of coherent light, developing the holographic image by a chemical or physical process and before processing, simultaneously or subsequently, treating the material with a solution of an onium compound which comprises at least one alkyl group having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms or in which the total number of carbon atoms in the substituent group is at least 15 or a polymeric compound which comprises at least one onium group in the repeating unit.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein said emulsion layer or a layer adjacent thereto contains at least one pyrazoloazole coupler and substantially all photographic layers including the light-sensitive silver halide layer and the layer adjacent thereto each having been coated on the same surface of the support and then dried have a pH lower than a pKa of said coupler by 1.0 or more. The material exhibits improved color reproducibility, sensitivity and development stability.

Abstract: Silver halide emulsions are prepared by precipitation, transfer of the silver halide emulsion from the precipitation chamber into a separate circuit comprising a cleaning stage for the removal of dispersion medium and compounds soluble therein and exit into a collecting vessel.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for a photomechanical process is disclosed. The material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one light-insensitive upper layer disposed on the upper side of the emulsion layer. The light-sensitive upper layer has a greater melting time than the light-sensitive emulsion layer. The emulsion layer contains starch, modified starch and/or macromolecular polysaccharides produced from starch using a microbial fermentation process. The material has greatly improved reduction processability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithographic printing plate material which comprises a support and at least an undercoat layer, a silver halide emulsion layer and a catalytic layer containing physical development nuclei provided in this order on said support and which utilizes silver complex diffusion transfer process, wherein content of calcium ion in at least one of lime treated gelatin-containing layers is 1000 ppm or less.

Abstract: A color photographic recording material contains at least one silver halide emulsion layer which is divided into a partial layers of different sensitivity, at least one relatively high-sensitivity partial layer containing a synthetic polymer and gelatin in a ratio by weight of from 30:70 to 80:20.

Abstract: Water-soluble photosensitive materials and more particularly, a gelatin base photosensitive materials solution for producing color mosaic filters to be used in TV camera pickup devices. The water-soluble photosensitive material is characterized in that it does not form a gel even at room temperature (25.+-.5.degree. C.), has a good dyability and can be processable for development with water of room temperature (25.+-.10.degree. C., hereinafter, referred to as cold water development).

Abstract: A heat-developable color photo-sensitive material having a support. A photographic component layer is on the support and contains at least a photo-sensitive silver halide, a reducing agent, a binder and a dye-providing material. At least one of the dye-providing materials is a polymer having a repetition unit being derived from a monomer represented by the Formula I.

Abstract: Lithographic printing plates which have on a support at least one hardened gelatin-containing layer which contains a photographic gelatin and a low molecular-weight gelatin are improved in printing endurance, e.g., resistances against ink-staining and blinding of image areas.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image receiving material for silver complex diffusion transfer process which contains gelatin having a calcium content of about 1,000 ppm or less. This image receiving material provides improved silver image density. Further improvement can be attained when said gelatin has a jelly strength of 280 g or above.

Abstract: A solid-state color imaging device carrying a micro-color filter which is reduced in its alkali metal ion content to a level of not more than 100 ppm is prepared through formation of a substrate of at least one colored resin layer of the micro-color filter using, as the substrate material, a water-soluble protein such as gelatin whose alkali metal ion content is not more than 20 ppm.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material for plate making is disclosed. The material is comprised of a support base having thereon a sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one upper insensitive layer having a melting time longer than the melting time of the sensitive silver halide emulsion layer. A method of reduction treatment for such silver halide light-sensitive material is also disclosed. The sensitive materials have excellent aptitude for reduction treatment and do not deteriorate even if the amount of silver per unit area is relatively small.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive element for the production of lithographic printing plates improved in printing endurance comprising a support, a physical development nuclei layer, and at least one gelatin-containing layer including a silver halide emulsion layer disposed under said nuclei layer, which is adapted to the silver complex diffusion transfer process to utilize the transferred silver image on said nuclei layer as ink-receptive areas, all of the gelatin-containing layers having a pH value below the isoelectric point of the gelatin used in each layer. Further improvement can be attained by using a photographic gelatin and a low molecular weight gelatin in at least one of said gelatin-containing layers.

Abstract: High aspect ratio tabular grain direct reversal silver halide emulsions are disclosed. The emulsions can be incorporated in photographic elements, such as multicolor photographic elements. Image transfer film units incorporating these direct reversal emulsions are specifically disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide color reversal photographic material comprising a backing layer containing both gelatin of an isoelectric point of 5.5 or more and a cationic polymer is disclosed. By utilizing the particular backing layer the color reversal photographic material has increased retouchability.

Abstract: A water based photosensitive composition comprises a hydrolyzate of a mammal collagen and a photosensitizer serving to cross-link the hydrolyzate when exposed to an active light. The hydrolyzate has a number-average molecular weight, Mn, of 2,000 to 30,000 and an intrinsic viscosity, [.eta.], of 0.060 to 0.155 dl/g in a 0.15 mole citric acid buffer solution maintained at 40.degree.C. Also, the hydrolyzate is capable of maintaining the formability of the collagen fold. A photoresist pattern formed by using the composition exhibits a high resolution, a good dyeing property and a strong corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for simulating a process carried out on a moving web in which the web is held stationary while movement through a sequence of processing zones is simulated by means for rapidly changing the process conditions to which the web is exposed, and methods and apparatus for rapidly changing the operative parameters in a processing zone.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive emulsion for use in forming a direct-positive image is disclosed. The emulsion is comprised of core-shell silver halide grains. The shell portions of the grains contain polyvalent metal ions to reduce rereversal.

Abstract: A combination of two anionic surfactants, one of which is an alkyl sulfate surfactant, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the other of which is an N-acyl sarcosinate surfactant, such as sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, is used as a coating aid in aqueous coating compositions comprising a hydrophilic colloid. The combination of surfactants provides a coating composition which combines the advantage of good wetting or spreading characteristics with the advantage of excellent ability to avoid repellency defects. Such coating compositions are especially useful in the coating of gelatin silver halide emulsion layers or other hydrophilic colloid layers in photographic materials.

Abstract: Novel gelatins which contain microgel, oligomers of .alpha.-gelatin, .alpha.-gelatin and not more than 25 percent by weight of fragments of .alpha.-gelatin (peptides) with a molecular weight of less than 9.times.10.sup.4 are used as binders in layers of photographic materials.Photographic additives are readily compatible with the gelatins. Furthermore, the good viscosity characteristics and short setting times of the gelatins also facilitate the production of photographic materials.

Abstract: Gelatins which have a high setting speed but a lowered viscosity are prepared by lowering their microgel content. For this purpose, aqueous gelatin solutions are subjected to the action of mechanical shearing forces, the shear stresses being between 10.sup.4 and 10.sup.8 Pascal. The peptide content of the gelatin remains virtually unchanged with this process.

Abstract: An improved silver halide precipitation process of preparing a dispersion of silver halide grains is disclosed. The process comprises forming a radiation-sensitive silver halide dispersion by reacting silver and halide salts in solution within a dispersing medium to form silver halide grain nuclei within the dispersing medium and allowing silver halide grain growth to occur in a reaction vessel in which the silver halide grain nuclei and the dispersing medium are present. The improvement comprises, during silver halide grain growth, withdrawing a portion of the dispersing medium from the reaction vessel through an ultrafiltration membrane while retaining the silver halide grains within the dispersing medium remaining within the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A photographic assembly for the photographic diffusion transfer process is provided wherein a stripping layer is used consisting of a graft copolymer of gelatin which has been substantially fully reacted with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride selected from phthalic anhydrides, succinic anhydrides, glutaric anhydrides and a monomer of a vinyl ester, a vinyl ether, an acrylic ester, an acrylic ether, a methacrylic ester or a methacrylic ether or a mixture thereof. These stripping layers exhibit good dry adhesion to the emulsion layer and to the mordant layer and moderate wet adhesion.

Abstract: An apparatus for noodling a gelating dispersion which continuously gels and noodles the gelatin dispersion and supplies noodles of the dispersion into cold water in a washing tank, said apparatus comprising a means for supplying a predetermined quantity of said dispersion to an extruder at a predetermined pressure, said extruder comprising a plurality of supply nozzles that extend from a receiving chamber for said dispersion which are preferably made of a material having higher thermal conductivity than the walls of the chamber, and a washing tank to which cold water has free access, the supply nozzles of said extruder being so arranged as to be immersed in the cold water in said washing tank, to thereby promote gelation of said dispersion flowing down through each of said nozzles and to form firmer and stabler noodles.

Abstract: The negative materials of this invention for silver complex diffusion transfer process provide silver images high in density and improved in stability on image receiving materials. Said negative materials have the following characteristics:(a) The negative materials have silver halide emulsion layer in which the weight ratio of hydrophilic colloid to silver halide in terms of silver nitrate is 2 or less and(b) furthermore, the negative materials have an undercoat layer of hydrophilic colloid on a support and the silver halide emulsion layer of (a) on said undercoat layer, the weight ratio of the hydrophilic colloid of said undercoat layer to that of said silver halide emulsion layer being at least 2.

Abstract: An improved method of producing a silver halide photographic material having a layer containing gelatin coated on a support is disclosed. The coated layer is dried so that its surface temperature during the falling rate drying period is more than 5.degree. C. over the melting point of the layer during drying and the jelly strength of the gelatin is at least 200 g according to the PAGI method.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing at least one photographic layer containing acid-processed gelatin and a matting agent.

Abstract: A photographic material for the production of an image in a dry process by forming a vesicle image upon the decomposition of a peroxide compound at image nuclei of silver by providing a layer containing a silver salt which forms upon exposure to light, in imagewise distribution, image nuclei. The silver salt has a grain size of less than 0.3 .mu.m and is present in the layer in an amount of from 1-500 mg/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A method for preventing the degradation of a hydrophilic colloid solution for a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of which the viscosity has been or is to be increased using an anionic polymer containing an acid group, which comprises incorporating into the hydrophilic colloid solution at least one compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub. represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.

Abstract: A .beta.-eliminating graft copolymer useful as a diffusion control layer in film units adapted for diffusion transfer processes is disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material having improved anti-adhesive properties comprising an uppermost layer containing acid-processed gelatin and a surface active organic fluoro-compound.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for uniformly dispersing hydrophobic materials through a hydrophilic colloid layer such as, for example, a photographically useful layer containing gelatin. The process over which the present invention is a valuable improvement comprises the steps:(a) forming an aqueous dispersion by intermixing the hydrophobic material and an aqueous polymeric latex, optionally including gelatin in the dispersion;(b) forming a wet layer by coating onto a suitable support the aqueous dispersion from step (a); and(c) thereafter removing a substantial proportion of the water from the wet layer through which the hydrophobic material is dispersed.The present process relates particularly to improvements in step (a), wherein the "aqueous dispersion" is formed by blending a loadable polymeric latex into a solution of the hydrophobic material dissolved in a water-miscible solvent using techniques which avoid coagulation of the hydrophobic material or the particles of the latex.