Abstract: A training device for training a trainee to operate a defibrillator including a housing having a shape which imitates a shape of a defibrillator, a defibrillator function emulation device attached to the housing and configured to emulate a predefined subset of functions of a defibrillator, and electrodes attached to the housing. The trainer defibrillator of the disclosure simulates a real defibrillator, but, due to limited functionality and construction, will be much less expensive than existing trainer defibrillators and will therefore be able to be distributed more widely.

Abstract: A distributed patient monitoring system comprises at least one standalone portable ultrasound imaging unit configured to be fixed to a stable position against the skin on a patient's body and capable of prolonged ultrasound data acquisition, including an ultrasound imaging array, transmit-receive circuitry, a beamformer, backend signal and image processing subsystem, power and communication subsystems, and a monitoring workstation connected to each standalone portable ultrasound imaging unit configured to request and receive ultrasound imaging information from each standalone portable ultrasound imaging unit, and configured to analyze and display acquired ultrasound information.

Abstract: Simulator systems for teaching patient care are provided. In some instances, the simulator system includes a master computer module positioned within a patient body and configured to communicate simulation commands to a pneumatic module also positioned within the patient body and spaced from the master computer module. A compressor module is configured to control a compressor to supply compressed air from the compressor to the pneumatic module. The pneumatic module includes a processor configured to execute the simulation commands received from the master computer module to control a physically simulated body part of the patient body with the supplied compressed air.

Abstract: Chest compression machine systems and methods adjust the administration of patient treatment based on received physiological parameter measurements, such as a CO2 measurement. Adjustment of the administered chest compressions can include adjusting one or more chest compression parameters, such as the depth of the administered compressions, the administration of active decompressions, adjusting the height of active decompression, adjusting the rate of compressions and/or active decompressions and/or other changes to one or more properties, or characteristics, of the administered chest compressions and/or active decompressions.

Abstract: A lung simulator including a lung bladder, a biasing system providing a relaxed expiration force to the lung bladder with a positive end-expiratory pressure and simulating lung compliance, and a frame holding the lung bladder and biasing member in position. The lung bladder may be inflated and deflated between a positive end-expiratory pressure and a peak inspiratory pressure through the means of a ventilator, a bag mask or mouth to mouth ventilation and may produce a pressure-volume curve similar to that of a lung when the lung bladder is connected to a ventilation source.

Abstract: Medical treatment simulation systems and devices are disclosed. One device includes an overlay, a simulated treatment structure, at least one feedback device, and at least one processor. The overlay is configured to be secured to the live subject and to cover at least a portion of a body of the live subject. The simulated treatment structure is configured to simulate a structure associated with the medical procedure. The at least one feedback device is configured to provide a feedback signal to the live subject. The at least one processor is connected to the simulated treatment structure and the at least one feedback device. The processor is programmed to operate the feedback device to provide the feedback signal based upon input generated from interaction between a treatment provider and the simulated treatment structure. The disclosed devices may be used to simulate intravenous, catheter, defibrillation, and/or thoracic treatments.

Abstract: In a patient simulator, in particular a premature baby, newborn or child simulator, including a simulated thorax, a pneumatic lung simulator and a simulated trachea leading to the lung simulator, wherein the simulated thorax includes a simulated chest including at least one liftable and lowerable chest element to simulate lifting and lowering of the chest, the at least one liftable and lowerable chest element cooperates with a lifting and lowering mechanism actuatable independently of the lung simulator.

Abstract: An electronic AED training device with a user programming system which uses manual input controls and audio output programming controls for programming the desired features of the AED training device. The audio output programming controls comprise an audio-based output menu providing voice prompts describing the features of the menu item. The manual input controls include manual buttons in electronic communication with the user programming system. One manual button operates selection of a menu item within the programming system and a second manual button selects a training option available within the menu item.

Abstract: Provided in accordance with the present disclosure are systems, devices, and methods useable in training for bronchoscopy and thoracic procedures. An exemplary system includes a housing unit configured to simulate the chest cavity of a patient, at least one simulated lung located within the housing unit, the at least one simulated lung including a plurality of airways, and an exterior of the at least one simulated lung being substantially sealed from the atmosphere by the housing unit, a respiratory controller configured to control inspiration and expiration of air into and out of the plurality of airways of the at least one simulated lung, and a fluid controller configured to control administration of fluids to the at least one simulated lung.

Abstract: Provided/Disclosed is a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training apparatus, comprising: a mannequin including a head portion with an airway, and a body portion connected to the head portion; a compression portion provided in the body portion, the compression portion to be pressed in response to a chest compression; an airbag connected to the airway, the airbag configured to enable an artificial ventilation; and a measurer configured to measure a CPR performance state in response to the chest compression and the artificial ventilation performed on the mannequin.

Abstract: A training manikin for practising cardiopulmonary resuscitation, said manikin including a torso part, the torso part including: a base board, a lung plate arranged at a distance to said base board, a chest board, a retaining member, a resilient member positioned between said base board and said lung plate, the resilient member having a first end and a second end opposed to said first end, each first end being connected to the base board and each second end being connected to the lung plate, the resiliency of each resilient member being adapted to simulate the resistance encountered in compressing a human chest, a lung bag positioned between said chest board and said lung plate, wherein the retaining member is adapted to retain the torso part in the storage position.

Abstract: An infant warming system includes a frame structure, a platform for supporting an infant that is connected to the frame structure, a radiant warmer supported on the frame structure above the platform, an ECG connection port configured to connect to ECG electrodes, and an ECG monitor housed on the frame structure, the ECG monitor receiving cardiac potentials from the ECG electrodes connected to the infant. The infant warming system further includes a control system configured to process the cardiac potentials to detect each heart beat of the infant, calculate a heart rate for the infant based on a detected heart beats, and display the heart rate on a display device associated with the infant warming system.

Abstract: Among other things, in one aspect, we describe a system for assisting with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The system includes at least one sensor; and one or more processors configured for calculating a chest compliance relationship based on data received from the at least one sensor, and determining a neutral position of chest compression based at least in part on a feature of the chest compliance relationship. The system can take the form of an active compression-decompression device.

Abstract: A suction simulation device includes a suction catheter and a suction unit in fluid communication with the suction catheter. The suction unit includes a reservoir for holding fluid and the suction unit is configured to provide vacuum capability to the suction catheter. The suction simulation device also includes a pump in fluid communication with the suction unit, the pump configured to flow the fluid from the reservoir. The suction simulation device is adapted for use with a manikin comprising an airway. Also disclosed is a suction simulation system and a method of simulating a scenario requiring mechanical ventilation.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a signal representative of chest compressions being applied to a patient; calculating, based on the signal, a first value for a first parameter of the chest compressions; and determining if the first value is included in a first target range. When the first value is included in the first target range, the method includes calculating, based on the signal, a second value for a second parameter of the chest compressions; and determining if the second is included in a second target range.

Abstract: Simulator systems for teaching patient care are provided. In some instances, the simulator system includes a maternal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a pregnant woman, the maternal simulator including a torso, arms, legs, and a head, wherein the torso includes a chamber sized and shaped to receive a fetal simulator and wherein a birthing mechanism is disposed within the chamber for providing rotational and translational movement to the fetal simulator in a birthing simulation; and a fetal simulator sized and shaped to simulate a fetus, the fetal simulator configured to be selectively engaged with the birthing mechanism of the maternal simulator.

Abstract: A thoracic arch spring teaching aid, comprising a thoracic arch spring (1) having a contour similar to that of the sternum of the human body. The thoracic arch spring (1) has an area enclosed therein as a simulated thoracic cavity (100); the thoracic arch spring (1) comprises a plurality of arch-shaped spring pieces (11); limit spring plates (21, 22) for pressing the spring pieces (11) are provided above and/or below the thoracic arch spring (1); the limit spring plates (21, 22) comprise base portions (210, 220) contacting the spring pieces (11) and extension portions (211, 221, 211?, 221?) located at two sides of the base portions (210, 220); the extension portions (211, 221, 211?, 221?) extend along the projections of the spring pieces (11) on the plane where the base portions (210, 220) are located. The teaching aid can prevent the spring pieces (11) from forming a shearing force region when the spring pieces (11) are pressed; thus, deformation or breakage is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for automated smart watch assistance is provided. The present invention may include detecting a distress signal from a sensor of a distressed user device. The present invention may then include broadcasting a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) request based on detecting the distress signal from the sensor of the distressed user device. The present invention may then include receiving a response to the broadcasted CPR request based on an altered direction of travel of a responding user device. The present invention may finally include establishing a connection between the distressed user device and the responding user device.

Abstract: A wearable imaging apparatus is provided for capturing and processing images from an environment of a user. In one implementation, the wearable apparatus may be configured with a memory for storing privacy mode triggers and associated automatically variable privacy mode settings, and at least one processing device. The processing device may analyze the images captured by the wearable apparatus, and recognize the presence of at least one of the privacy mode triggers within the images. After recognizing the at least one trigger, the processing device may cause one or more adjustments to the wearable apparatus based on the privacy mode settings associated with the at least one trigger.

Abstract: A training manikin comprising a plurality of sensors for registering training data pertaining to the per-formance of a trainee during use of the training manikin in a training session, a communication module for enabling a communication connection be-tween the training manikin and a user terminal with a display so that the training data can be displayed to a trainer in a training user interface on the display, characterized in that the training manikin comprises a server embedded in the training manikin and the server hosts a client-server application, said server is adapted to be accessed via the communication connection by a user client running on the user terminal and to communicate the client-server application to the user client, said client-server application is con figured to be executed by the user client and provide the training user interface on the display and to process the training data before displaying to the trainer in the training user interface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are related to a method and device for the determination and calculation of the depth of chest compressions during the administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Embodiments use an optical sensor to monitor the distance that a victim's chest is displaced during each compression throughout the administration of CPR. The optical sensor is most commonly an image sensor such as a CMOS or CCD sensor, and more specifically a CMOS image sensor capable of three-dimensional imaging based on the time-of-flight principle. An infrared emitter may illuminate the victim's body and any visible piece of ground beside the victim. As the infrared light interacts with any surfaces it encounters, it is reflected and returns to the image sensor where the time of flight of the infrared light is calculated for every pixel in the image sensor. The distance data is used to gauge the effective displacement of the victim's chest.

Abstract: Medical treatment simulation systems and devices are disclosed. One device includes an overlay, a simulated treatment structure, at least one feedback device, and at least one processor. The overlay is configured to be secured to the live subject and to cover at least a portion of a body of the live subject. The simulated treatment structure is configured to simulate a structure associated with the medical procedure. The at least one feedback device is configured to provide a feedback signal to the live subject. The at least one processor is connected to the simulated treatment structure and the at least one feedback device. The processor is programmed to operate the feedback device to provide the feedback signal based upon input generated from interaction between a treatment provider and the simulated treatment structure. The disclosed devices may be used to simulate intravenous, catheter, defibrillation, and/or thoracic treatments.

Abstract: A head simulator, for testing respirators, has a head simulator body (2) with a simulated oral aperture (6) and with a simulated oral cavity (4), which is located behind the simulated oral aperture (6) in the head simulator body. A loudspeaker (8) is arranged in the simulated oral cavity (4). An audio unit (20) is connected to the loudspeaker (8) for reproducing speech via the loudspeaker (8). The head simulator includes a simulated trachea (10), which is in connection with the simulated oral cavity (4) and opens into the simulated oral aperture (6). An air delivery device (30) is provided, which can be operated to allow air to flow through the simulated trachea (10) and the simulated oral aperture (6).

Abstract: A phantom for simulating fetal heartbeat. The phantom includes a housing and a fetal heartbeat simulator. The housing has an exterior shaped like a female human pelvic region and surrounds an interior. The fetal heartbeat simulator includes a tube having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end being positioned within the interior of the housing. The tube is filled with a first fluid having a first compressibility. A second fluid, having a compressibility that is greater than the compressibility of the first fluid, is disposed at the distal end of the tube. A pressure mechanism operably coupled to the proximal end of the tube is configured to selectively compress and decompress the first and second fluids.

Abstract: A mannequin (200) including a chest compression feedback mechanism for use in simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training includes a box (203) for simulating a human chest such that a head (201) is connected to one side of the box (203). A mechanical noise generator (215) is positioned within the box (203) for making an audible sound when force is applied to a predetermined area of the box during simulated chest compressions. This sound indicates to the teacher and/or student that a required compression depth has been met during CPR training.

Abstract: The adjustable airway mannequin with visual feedback models the human skull, maxilla, upper teeth, lower teeth, jaw, spine and airway mounted on a backboard. Adjustments can be made to the height of the maxilla, the height of the upper teeth, the tension and distance of the jaw movement representing mouth opening, the anterior-posterior displacement of the jaw relative to the maxilla and skull, the presence or absence of the upper teeth and lower teeth, the range of motion of the spine, and tension on the airway to mimic a variety of anatomies. The mannequin may include one or more electronic proximity and position sensors that operate through magnetic field sensing, accelerometry, and optical sensing to monitor one or more of face length, jaw length, mouth opening, jaw tension, larynx position, head height off the table, and spine mobility.

Abstract: A teaching aid has visual indicia thereon simulating the circulatory system of an organism. The teaching aid includes (i) a template having visual indicia thereon simulating the circulatory system of an organism; and (ii) a plurality of connectors for connecting a medical device to the template. The template comprises (a) a base, and (b) visual indicia on the base, simulating the circulatory system of an organism.

Abstract: An example system includes a first wearable computing device, and at least one additional wearable computing device. The first wearable computing device is configured to retrieve information regarding a series of tasks to be performed in treating a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest. The information includes, for each task, an indication of a user to perform the task, an indication of a time point to perform the task. The first wearable computing device is further configured identify one or more subsets of the information, and transmit each subset to a different corresponding one of the additional wearable computing devices. Each additional wearable computing device is configured to receive, from the first wearable computing device, at least one of the one or more subsets of the information, and output, for each task within a received subset, a corresponding prompt to perform the task at the respective time point associated with the task.

Abstract: A wearable imaging apparatus is provided for capturing and processing images from an environment of a user. In one implementation, the wearable apparatus may be configured with a memory for storing privacy mode triggers and associated automatically variable privacy mode settings, and at least one processing device. The processing device may analyze the images captured by the wearable apparatus, and recognize the presence of at least one of the privacy mode triggers within the images. After recognizing the at least one trigger, the processing device may cause one or more adjustments to the wearable apparatus based on the privacy mode settings associated with the at least one trigger.

Abstract: A mannequin for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and a kit for assembling the mannequin for practicing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the mannequin comprising a head having an inlet, a chest portion, a plate pivotably coupled to the chest portion, and an air collecting portion comprising an air chamber, an end of the air collecting portion being coupled to the inlet and the air chamber being disposed between the plate and the chest portion such that the plate pivots away from the chest portion when air is blown into the air chamber through said inlet and the plate pivots towards the chest portion when air is released from the air chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed are a dry bonding system and a wearable device for skin bonding including the dry bonding system.

Abstract: A resuscitation training program generation system and method are provided. The system includes an acquisition section that acquires resuscitation event data on a cardiac arrest of a patient; an event categorization section that acquires a categorization of the cardiac arrest into one or more categories of a taxonomy of etiologies of cardiac arrest; an afferent data generator that generates afferent data based on afferent pathways associated with the one or more categories, and updates the resuscitation event data with the generated afferent data; and an efferent data generator that generates a training program for each of the one or more categories based on efferent pathways corresponding to the category and training materials corresponding to the category.

Abstract: A simulator intended for learning tracheal intubation includes: an anatomic dummy element (1) reproducing at least one buccal cavity (2) provided with a tongue (4), with an epiglottis (7) and with the corresponding glossoepiglottic vallecula (8); a simulation system (15) capable of determining at least one physiological parameter of a patient subject to tracheal intubation; at least one force sensor (13) positioned on the dummy element at the glossoepiglottic vallecula so as to measure the force applied at this level by the blade (11) of a laryngoscope (12) handled by the operator; and transmission element (14) for providing the value of the measurement conducted with the force sensor at the input of the simulation system; wherein the simulation system is laid out for taking into account the value of the measurement conducted with the force sensor in order to determine the physiological parameter.

Abstract: A CPR chest compression machine includes a retention structure configured to retain a patient's body, and a compression mechanism configured to perform automatically CPR compressions to the patient's chest. The CPR machine also includes a camera coupled to the retention structure or to the compression mechanism. The camera has a field of view that spans at least a certain portion of the patient's body, and is configured to acquire an image of what is spanned by its field of view. The image may be stored in a memory, displayed, transmitted, analyzed to diagnose the patient, detect shifting of the patient within the CPR machine, etc.

Abstract: Surgical simulators and methods associated with the same are provided. In one aspect, a surgical simulator includes a rib cage including a plurality of ribs, internal tissue positionable within the rib cage, and external tissue adapted to cover at least a portion of the rib cage. In another aspect, a method of manufacturing a surgical simulator includes forming a rib cage including a plurality of ribs, positioning internal tissue within the rib cage, and at least partially covering the rib cage with external tissue. In a further aspect, a method of modifying biologic tissue for use with a surgical simulator is provided.

Abstract: An endotracheal intubation training device includes a head portion comprising an open mouth, a jaw located below the mouth, a tongue inside the mouth, and an elastic member disposed below the tongue; an airway portion comprising a trachea extending from the head and communicating with the mouth, and a glottis positioned inside the trachea; and a glottis narrowing portion disposed to surround the airway portion and configured to control a size of the glottis.

Abstract: A device for assisting a caregiver in delivering cardiac resuscitation to a patient, the device comprising a user interface configured to deliver prompts to a caregiver to assist the caregiver in delivering cardiac resuscitation to a patient; at least one sensor configured to detect the caregiver's progress in delivering the cardiac resuscitation, wherein the sensor is configured to provide a signal containing information indicative of ventilation; a memory in which a plurality of different prompts are stored, including at least one ventilation progress prompt to guide the rescuer's performance of ventilation; a processor configured to process the output of the sensor to determine a parameter descriptive of ventilation progress and to determine whether the ventilation progress prompt should be selected for delivery. Possible parameters descriptive of ventilation progress include ventilation rate, delivered tidal volume, and flow rate.

Abstract: A sphygmomanometer simulator for live training includes an upper arm cuff for a simulated patient; a rigid walled pressure vessel within the cuff; a manual inflator and manual release valve coupled to the rigid walled vessel to selectively increase and release the pressure within the pressure vessel; a pressure sensor coupled to the pressure vessel; a cuff controller receiving the pressure sensor measurements and controlling a speaker within the cuff to emit designated simulated Korotkoff sounds associated with a simulated blood pressure and with the pressure of the pressure vessel; a visual gauge controlled by the cuff controller and displaying a pressure associated with the pressure in the pressure vessel and simulated Korotkoff gauge bumps associated with the simulated blood pressure for the simulated patient; and a user controller coupled to the cuff controller for inputting the simulated blood pressure for the simulated patient.

Abstract: A training system and training method for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is disclosed. The training system includes a manikin, a chest compression module, a breathing module and a data processing module. The chest compression module and the breathing module are installed on the manikin and connected to the data processing module. During a training session, a student performs CPR on the manikin. The data processing module evaluates and provides feedback regarding the chest compressions and the rescue breathings performed by the student. The training method includes positioning the chest compression module and the breathing module on the manikin, initializing the chest compression module and the breathing module to identify compression and breathing characteristics of the manikin, performing CPR on the manikin, and evaluating the CPR based on the compression and breathing characteristics of the manikin.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to breastfeeding training and more specifically to devices comprised of a doll and chest piece used for breastfeeding training.

Abstract: A medical simulation model is provided for use in medical training, and having a wall defining a chamber, and having a slit in the wall providing access to the interior of the chamber. A pair of rib-cage members is located within the chamber such that adjacent edges of each member are spaced apart from each other. Resilient biasing elements are connected to each rib-cage member and configured such that adjacent edges of the rib-cage members may be brought into contact with each other, or further spaced-apart, against the action of the resilient biasing elements. A conduit is provided to enable fluid to be introduced into the chamber, and a facsimile of a mammalian heart is located within the chamber.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a novel approach for displaying information on a ventilator system. The disclosure describes a novel respiratory system including a primary display and system status display. Further, the disclosure describes a novel method for displaying ventilator information.

Abstract: In embodiments, an emergency external defibrillator system is configured for use by a local rescuer in cooperation with a remote rescuer to assist a patient. The external defibrillator system includes a sensor to generate a patient value that represents a physiological parameter of the patient. The system also includes a communication module to transmit the patient value to another device of a remote rescuer, and to receive in response an incoming message that contains an encoded sound. For the local rescuer, the system also includes a screen to display the patient value, and a speaker to play the sound concurrently with the screen displaying the patient value. An advantage is that the local rescuer can receive guidance from the remote rescuer.

Abstract: There is provided a Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) simulator enabling repeated defibrillation training to allow a user to practice CPR and use of a defibrillator, and the CPR simulator includes a dummy in a body shape similar to a human body shape; a first magnet installed on a upper right part of a chest of a body of the dummy; a second magnet installed on a bottom left side of the chest of the body of the dummy; a first training pad having a first metal sheet formed on one side thereof and a first electrode pad formed on the other side thereof; and a second training pad having a second metal sheet formed on one side thereof and a second electrode pad formed on the other side thereof.

Abstract: A method and system for determining the adequacy of abdominal thrusts applied to choking victims during performance of the Heimlich maneuver.

Abstract: A CPR device includes a CPR meter which is placed on the sternum of a patient and against which chest compressions are applied during CPR. The chest compressions are sensed by the CPR meter and this information is supplied to a display device for the display of the progress of CPR. A graphical display is provided which graphically illustrates the progress of CPR during a current CPR interval in either elapsed time or chest compressions delivered, as compared with the total time of the CPR interval or the maximum number of chest compressions to be delivered. The display can be configured to display either elapsed time or chest compression count, and the total number of compressions to be applied and the total duration of the CPR interval can be selectively configured.

Abstract: A defibrillator having a pair of electrodes for delivering an artifact-compensated defibrillation shock and a method thereof is provided. The defibrillator can be deployed rapidly while administering a cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on the patient. Upon detection of an end of the CPR operation, a correlation signal indicative of signal corruption is detected and analyzed rapidly to determine an appropriate energy level discharged across the pair of electrodes. Thereafter, a notification signal is sent to the user of the defibrillator prior to delivering the defibrillation shock to the patient. The artifact-compensated defibrillation shock is delivered if for a predetermined period of time no movements is detected.

Abstract: A Wireless Monitoring Apparatus is used in conjunction with an automated external defibrillator (AED) system for patient rescue in mass-casualty incidents. The rescuer applies the device on each patient. The wireless monitoring apparatus automatically analyzes the patient's heart rhythm and communicates with the AED system. The AED system is therefore is able to display information with regard to each patient, notifies the rescuer on actions to take and can deliver defibrillation therapy if needed.

Abstract: A medical training device with an improved clam shell type torso arrangement. An improved two-piece tiltable head feature, including mechanical mounting structure for secure attachment of an improved lung bag or face shield. The head also includes an improved nose feature to provide a more realistic representation of nasal cartilage, and an improved neck assembly. Additionally, an electro-mechanical indicator device is provided to show real time feedback of the CPR compression rate being administered by a student on the training manikin of the present application. The feedback by the device may be provided preferably by visual indicators, but may also have, or alternatively have, audio indicators or signals, such as words or sounds, to indicate whether or not the student is compressing within the preferred rate range, and/or the degree of variance in the student's compression sequences.

Abstract: A dummy for simulating human physical behaviour during a test, comprising artificial human body elements that are mutually connected, the body elements having deformation properties, wherein a deformation property of a body element is actuatably variable. The dummy comprises an actuator for varying a deformation property. The actuator may comprise a fluidic driver.