Abstract: Hybridoma cell lines have been generated which produce and secrete monoclonal antibodies which selectively bind to tilmicosin. These hybridomas may be obtained by using as an immunization agent or immunogen, 23-deoxo-23-demycinosyl tilmicosin which has been conjugated to an immunogenic carrier. The antibodies may be used to detect and/or quantify tilmicosin in biological samples. The monoclonal antibodies also may be incorporated into kits.

Abstract: This invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for detecting the presence of toxigenic strains of C. difficile in a biological sample. One embodiment provides methods for C. difficile detection that involve assaying for both C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase and C. difficile toxin A or toxin B. In another embodiment, the invention provides a highly sensitive assay for C. difficile toxin A that is useful for determining whether a C. difficile strain is toxigenic. This embodiment involves binding of toxin A to a moiety that reversibly binds to a capture moiety present on a magnetic bead. A magnetic field is applied to the sample to concentrate the toxin A, after which the magnetic beads are dissociated and removed from the solution to obtain a highly concentrated preparation of toxin A, thus making possible a very sensitive assay.

Abstract: Methods for capturing analytes associated with surface-bound ligands are disclosed. The methods involve eluting analytes from surface-bound ligands with a first liquid to generate free analytes, and capturing the free analytes with a solid capturing material within the first liquid to generate a first liquid containing captured analytes. The first liquid may be a flowing liquid or a non-flowing liquid, and the surface to which the surface-bound ligand is attached may be a sensing surface, such as a biosensor, or a non-sensing surface. The captured analytes may be further consolidated at a location removed from the surface-bound ligand, eluted from the solid capturing material with a second liquid, and used for subsequent analysis or procedures.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to an immunoassay capable of the rapid detection of a variety of test substances that may be present in a test sample. One feature of the invention is that extraction or isolation of the test substance occurs simultaneously with the formation of the primary antigen-test substance complex. The primary antigen-test substance complex is then captured in a solid phase format having a plurality of interstitial spaces which facilitate rapid and efficient detection. The immunoassay of the present invention works over a wide range of environmental conditions and is simple enough to be used in the absence of laboratory facilities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the direct detection of analytes using color changes that occur in immobilized biopolymeric material in response to selective binding of analytes to their surface. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions related to the encapsulation of biopolymeric material into metal oxide glass using the sol-gel method.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the immunological determination of an analyte in a sample using magnetic particles coated with the analyte to be determined or analyte-specific bonding partners and directly detectable non-magnetic particles coated with analyte-specific bonding partners or the analyte to be determined or using a non-magnetic substance which is indirectly detectable, and incubation of the reaction mixture. The method is characterized in that the magnetic particles are subsequently separated from the reaction mixture using a magnetic test strip and the analyte concentration is determined directly.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and devices for purifying polypeptides and/or proteins using metal loaded ligand bound membranes by metal ion affinity chromatography are described.

Abstract: A novel modified matrix system, mimicking a metastatic environment, that can be used to capture and detect viable cancer and normal cells from tissue fluid samples derived from cancer subjects and which provides effective cell separation for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in treating patients with metastatic diseases.

Abstract: A method for the detection of point mutation and polymorphisms in nucleic acids or for sequencing of unknown nucleic acids by a simple procedure using arrays uses nucleic acid analoges as sequence discriminators. This procedure simplifies the working mode in complex problematic cases.

Abstract: The insertion of isotopically labeled portions into solid state combinatorial synthesis constructs followed by mass spectrometer, mass-based nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry or mass-based infrared spectrometry analysis allows for the physical, non-chemical encoding of large numbers of combinatorial synthesis products.

Abstract: Protein arrays for the parallel, in vitro screening of biomolecular activity are provided. Methods of using the protein arrays are also disclosed. On the arrays, a plurality of different proteins, such as different members of a single protein family, are immobilized on one or more organic thinfilms on the substrate surface. The protein arrays are particularly useful in drug development, proteomics, and clinical diagnostics.

Abstract: Device for assaying an analyte, comprising a labelling zone, where a label can bind to the analyte, in communication with a capture zone, wherein the pore size of the capture zone is such that label which is not bound to the analyte can migrate therethrough, whereas label which is bound to the analyte cannot. During migration from the labelling zone (large pore size) to the capture zone (small pore size), unbound label can pass into and through the capture zone, whereas bound label will be captured at the junction of the labelling zone a the capture zone. The device relies upon the label being smaller than the analyte, such that free label is not retarded by the capture zone. It is particularly suitable for assying analytes such as spermatozoa, which are large in comparison with a label such as a labelled antibody.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the direct detection of membrane conformational changes through the detection of color changes in biopolymeric materials. In particular, the present invention allows for the direct colorimetric detection of membrane modifying reactions and analytes responsible for such modifications and for the screening of reaction inhibitors.

Abstract: A magnetic sensing element detects the presence of magnetic particles in a binding assay. The magnetic sensing element has at least one planar layer of electrically conductive ferromagnetic material that has an initial state in which the material has a circular magnetic moment within the plane of the layer. The magnetic sensing element has molecules of a first specific binding member attached to it. The device also includes a fluid test medium to which the magnetic sensing element is exposed during the course of a binding assay. The fluid test medium includes magnetizable particles that become immobilized during the assay in relation to the amount of analyte in the test medium.

Abstract: A method of evaluating for the presence of a target polynucleotide in a sample, using an addressable array of multiple polynucleotide probes linked to a substrate. The sample is exposed to the array and a set of polynucleotide target probes, such that target polynucleotide which may be present will bind to a predetermined feature of the array through multiple target probes of the set by forming at respective target regions on a target molecule, simultaneous hybrids with anti-target regions of the multiple target probes. A binding pattern on the array is observed and the presence of the target polynucleotide evaluated based on the observed binding pattern. Kits using such arrays, and methods for selecting target probes are further provided.

Abstract: A diagnostic tool is disclosed for accurately and rapidly diagnosing the condition of an ailing organ. Although applicable to numerous organ and organ systems, this application particularly illustrates the concept of conjunctive marker utilization as it relates to diagnosing and distinguishing congestive heart failure. The invention particularly relates to the conjunctive utilization of cardiac Troponin I (cTn-I) and natriuretic peptide, e.g. ANP, pro-ANP, BNP, pro-BNP and CNP as a retrospective tool for diagnosing the underlying mechanism of heart failure and as a prospective analytical device for monitoring disease progression and efficacy of therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A test piece for use in biological analyses includes a plurality of different known specific binding substances disposed in predetermined positions on a substrate. The specific binding substances are disposed on a plurality of surfaces provided by the substrate and arranged in the direction of thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides monoclonal antibodies which are reactive with fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDPS) generated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-3, MMP-7, and membrane-type 1, MT1-MMP proteolysis of fibrinogen and cross-linked fibrin (and not plasmin or other proteases). Monoclonal antibodies of the invention include, but are not limited to, H5, F2, 90/2, 90/5, B4, 13, C6, A6, G6, E6, 197-1 and 197-2. This invention also provides methods of using monoclonal antibodies for detection of FDPs generated by proteolysis of fibrin(ogen) by MMPs, such as MMP-3, MMP-7, and MT1-MMP. In addition, the present invention provides methods for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and synovitides, as well as angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, renal diseases, malignancy and inflammation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the detection or isolation of prion proteins by use of chaperones specifically binding to said proteins. The invention further relates to a method for in vitro diagnosis of a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy and to pharmaceutical compositions, preferably for the prevention or treatment of said disease.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample are described. The methods include the steps of: forming a composition containing the sample, an assay-performance-substance which contains a component linked to a label compound capable of chemiluminescing when triggered, and a plurality of particles capable of specifically binding with the analyte and/or the assay-performance-substance; incubating the composition to form a complex which includes a particle and the labeled component; collecting the complex in a collection zone; introducing into the collection zone a trigger capable of triggering the label such that the label luminesces; and measuring the emitted luminescence to measure the presence of the analyte of interest in the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to a means for separating magnetic particles from a composition. The means comprises an elongated protective cover (1) that comprises a recess (2) extending from the upper end towards the lower end thereof, the recess comprising a movable magnetic rod (4), the proportion of the length of the rod to its thickness being at least about 2:1. The invention can be used in different applications especially in the fields of biotechnology, biochemistry, and biomedicine. Collecting particles by using the means is easy and fast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new hydrophobe biomolecular structure, which is compacted due to the passing of the structure over its point of collapse, a method for the preparation of the structure and use of the new structure for the manufacture of a medicament.

Abstract: A particle resistant to storage of at least one first and at least one second component, wherein said second component of at least one crosslinkable polymer as a shell at least partially envelops and/or encloses said first component as a core and said first component has at least one ascertainable property, obtainable by reacting said first component with the crosslinkable polymer and subsequently reacting the formed product with a crosslinking agent such that the first component with resistance to storage remains within the second component.

Abstract: Invention performs an assay to determine presence or quantity of specific analyte in fluid sample. Representative device has two separate flow paths established sequentially in device with a single user activation step. First flow path delivers sample, and conjugate soluble binding reagents to solid phase. If analyte is present, an analyte:conjugate complex is formed and immobilized. Sample volume delivered by first path determined by absorbent capacity of solid phase, and not by amount of sample added to device. User need not measure sample volume. Sample/conjugate mixture is prevented from entering second flow path because capillary and surface energy of second flow path prevent it from being wetted by this mixture. Second flow path allows wash reagent to remove unbound conjugate and sample from solid phase to the absorbant, and optionally deliver detection reagents.

Abstract: Electrode membrane combinations for use in biosensors to detect analytes in a sample and methods for making and storing same are disclosed. In one aspect, a method is provided for producing a first layer electrode membrane comprising: (1) Forming a solution containing Linker Lipid A, the disulfide of mercaptoacetic acid (MAAD) or similar molecule, linker Gramicidin B, membrane spanning lipid C (MSL-C) and membrane spanning lipid D (MSL-D) or other suitable linker molecules and other ion channel combinations; (2) Contacting an electrode containing a clean gold surface with the solution, the disulfide containing components in the solution thus adsorbing onto the gold surface of the electrode; (3) Rinsing the electrode with a suitable organic solvent; and (4) Removing the excess organic solvent used for rinsing.

Abstract: A test method for IgA nephropathy involves determining antibody, which recognizes the core peptide of the hinge region in IgA1, in specimens. The method is a rapid and sample test method for IgA nephropathy having less emotional distress for the patients, low risk for peripheral hemorrhage of the kidney and reduced financial burden for the patients.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method and system for sensing of one or more analytes. A host molecule, which serves as an adapter/carrier, is used to facilitate interaction between the analyte and the sensor element. A detectable signal is produced reflecting the identity and concentration of analyte present.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of genomics. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for gene identification beginning with user-selected input phenotypes. The method is referred to generally as the ValiGeneSM Gene Identification method, or the VGIDSM method. When more than two source populations of nucleic acids are simultaneously compared, the method may be referred to as multiplex VGIDSM. The method employs nucleic acid mismatch binding protein chromatography to effect a molecular comparison of one phenotype with others. Genes are identified as having a specified function, or as causing or contributing to the cause or pathogenesis of a specified disease, or as associated with a specific phenotype, by virtue of their selection by the method. Identified genes may be used in development of reagents, drugs and/or combinations thereof useful in clinical or other settings for prognosis, diagnosis and/or treatment of diseases, disorders and/or conditions.

Abstract: In a process for the quantitative optical analysis of fluorescently labelled biological cells 5, a cell layer on a transparent support at the bottom 2 of a reaction vessel 1 is in contact with a solution 3 containing the fluorescent dye 4. The sensitivity of analytical detection can be considerably improved if to the fluorescent dye 4 already present in addition a masking dye 9, which absorbs the excitation light 6 for the fluorescent dye 4 and/or its emission light 7, is added to the solution 3 and/or if a separating layer 10 permeable to the solution and absorbing and/or reflecting the excitation light 6 or the emission light 7 is applied to the cell layer at the bottom 2. The separating layer 10 must be composed such that it has a high power of reflection for the luminescent light 11.

Abstract: It has been found that casein and salts of casein are useful as replacements for, or in addition to, BSA as materials for coating solid phases, particularly magnetic particles, used in immunoassays and other binding assays for separation of the desired analyte. By using casein, immunoassays having improved stability and fewer discordant samples have been developed. Casein used at a concentration of 0.05-4.0 grams per gram of paramagnetic particle (optimally approximately 0.78-1.2 grams of casein per gram of magnetic particle) has been found to confer this benefit.

Abstract: A linker lipid for use in attaching a membrane including a plurality of ionophores to an electrode and providing a space between the membrane and the electrode in which the membrane is either in part or totally made up of the linker lipid. The linker lipid has within the same molecule a hydrophobic region capable of spanning the membrane, an attachment group used to attach the molecule to an electrode surface, a hydrophilic region intermediate the hydrophobic region and the attachment group, and a polar head group region attached to the hydrophobic region at a site remote from the hydrophilic region. The attachment group has a cross sectional area greater than the cross sectional area of the hydrophilic region, and has the structure recited in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides labeled synthetic libraries of random oligomers and methods and apparatus for generating labeled synthetic oligomer libraries. Each member of such a library is labeled with a unique identifier tag that specifies the structure or sequence of the oligomer. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the identifier tag is a microchip that is pre-encoded or encodable with information that is related back to a detector when the identifier tag is pulsed with electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Protein arrays and protein-coated substrates for the parallel, in vitro screening of biomolecular activity are provided. Methods of using the protein-coated substrates and protein arrays are also disclosed. A plurality of different members of a single protein family may be immobilized on the protein-coated substrate or array. The protein-coated substrates and protein arrays are particularly useful in high-throughput drug screening and clinical diagnostics.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparation of a substrate containing a plurality of sequences. Photoremovable groups are attached to a surface of a substrate. Selected regions of the substrate are exposed to light so as to activate the selected areas. A monomer, also containing a photoremovable group, is provided to the substrate to bind at the selected areas. The process is repeated using a variety of monomers such as amino acids until sequences of a desired length are obtained. Detection methods and apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for carrying out a specific binding assay (for example an immunoassay) in which (a) a sample under assay, possibly containing a substance being tested for, is reacted with (b) a specific binding partner for the substance being tested for, immobilised on a solid support, and (c) a specific binding partner for the substance being tested for which is conjugated to a detectable marker, thereby to form a complex by reaction between whatever quantities are present of the substance being tested for with reagents (b) and (c), in which the marker is immobilised to the support via the substance being tested for, and is detected or assayed as an index of the quantity present in the sample (a) of any of the substance being tested for; characterised in that reaction ingredients (a), (b) and (c) are all mixed in a single step for reaction in a single reaction liquid, and competitive interference between the binding reactions of the substance being tested for and reagents (b) and (c) is avoided either by use of an

Abstract: The blood filter cartridge which can collect a minor component of blood efficiently in a high concentration comprises a blood filtering material and a holder containing the blood filtering material and having a blood inlet and a filtrate outlet, wherein an antibody or an antigen is immobilized on at least a part from the blood inlet to the filtrate outlet or a filtrate receiver.

Abstract: A particle resistant to storage of at least one first and at least one second component, wherein

Abstract: The present invention relates to a food contamination detector associated with a double bar code, given the trademark GILBAR™ by the owner of the present invention, that includes coded indicia used to identify the presence of conditions indicative of microbial contamination in food, including toxic contaminants, bacterial metabolites, and other microbial secretions. Of the two bar code symbols associated with the food contamination detector, the first identifies the food product in terms of the type of food, the quantity, the price and the like, while the second bar code symbol is designed to identify the presence of contaminants. When contamination is not detected, the first bar code symbol is scanner readable, whereas the second bar code symbol is not. Once contamination is detected, bars in both bar code symbols can appear or disappear causing the first bar code symbol to become scanner unreadable and the second bar code symbol to become scanner readable.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, compositions, and apparatus for performing sensitive detection of analytes, such as biological macromolecules and other analytes, by labeling a probe molecule with an up-converting label. The up-converting label absorbs radiation from an illumination source and emits radiation at one or more higher frequencies, providing enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and the essential elimination of background sample autofluorescence. The methods, compositions, and apparatus are suitable for the sensitive detection of multiple analytes and for various clinical and environmental sampling techniques.

Abstract: A separation medium having a base matrix and matrix-bound groups which exhibit recombinant Protein A containing a cysteine. The groups are of formula: —B—X—rProtein A-cys where B is a bridge which binds to the base matrix and X includes a heteroatom N or S from rProtein A-cys. In a preferred embodiment X is a thioether sulphur and/or a secondary amine (—NH—). An alternative embodiment features a variant of Protein A in which the C-terminal residue is cysteine.

Abstract: A lipid bilayer with affinity to an analyte, which directly signals binding by a changes in the light absorption spectra. This novel assay means and method has special applications in the drug development and medical testing fields. Using a spectrometer, the system is easily automated, and a multiple well embodiment allows inexpensive screening and sequential testing. This invention also has applications in industry for feedstock and effluent monitoring.

Abstract: A method for single well addressability in a sample processor with row and column feeds. A sample processor or chip has a matrix of reservoirs or wells arranged in columns and rows. Pressure or electrical pumping is utilized to fill the wells with materials. In a preferred embodiment, single well addressability is achieved by deprotecting a single column (row) and coupling each transverse row (column) independently. After the coupling step, the next column (row) is deprotected and then coupling via rows (columns) is performed. Each well can have a unique coupling event. In other embodiments, the chemical events could include, for example, oxidation, reduction or cell lysis.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method to detect D. immitis infection in a host animal using a D. immitis Di33 protein to detect anti-D. immitis Di33 antibodies in a bodily fluid of the animal. Also included is a method to detect D. immitis infection in a host animal using a D. immitis anti-Di33 protein to detect Di33 proteins in a bodily fluid of the animal. The present invention also relates to D. immitis detection kits that include either a Di33 protein or an anti-Di33 antibody; such kits also include a composition to detect an immunocomplex between the anti-Di33 antibody and D. immitis Di33 protein. The present invention also includes Di33 proteins, nucleic acid molecules encoding such proteins, as well as recombinant molecules and recombinant cells comprising such nucleic acid molecules, and anti-Di33 antibodies. Also included are methods to produce such proteins, nucleic acid molecules and antibodies.

Abstract: An immunoassay method comprising bringing an immobilized phase comprising, at different positions on a water-absorbable base material, at least two first immunity substances capable of specifically binding with at least two kinds of assay target substances selected from the group consisting of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli, verotoxin and human hemoglobin contained in a test sample, into contact with a test sample and a liquid containing labeled immunity substances each comprising a second immunity substance that is labeled with colored particles and capable of binding with said assay target substance, thereby to form an assay target substance-labeled immunity substance complex and to bind said complex with respective first immunity substances at the immobilized phase.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for analyzing one or more fluid samples for the presence, amount or identity of one or more analytes optionally present in said samples, which uses a device having one or more round wells with a fixed diameter, the wells exposing a substrate of a specific thickness, whereby the substrate has oriented through going channels, in the area of the substrate exposed in the well is provided with at least one binding substance specific for a least one of said analytes. Using the device the sample fluid is forced to pass through the channels in the substrate from the upper side of the substrate to the lower side of the substrate and back at least one time, under conditions that are favorable to a reaction between any analyte present in the sample and the binding substances.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for determining cholesterol in low density lipoprotein comprising the steps of (a) measuring total cholesterol level in a sample containing at least high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and chylomicron, and (b) measuring cholesterol levels in the high density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and chylomicron in the sample, wherein the cholesterol level in the low density lipoprotein is determined by subtracting a value obtained in step (b) from a value obtained in step (a). The present invention enables concurrent determination of cholesterol level in low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol level, facilitating acquisition of two types of biological information at a time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of evaluating the immunological status of a subject comprising the steps of 1) determining the content of an antibody in a liquid sample from the subject using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the presence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 1, 2) determining the content of an antibody in the liquid sample using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the absence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 2, and 3) interrelating measurements 1 and 2 to express the interference and using the interference as a parameter for evaluating the immunological status of the subje

Abstract: Complexes are prepared containing two or more different effector molecules joined to each other by a joining component. One effector molecule is a binding molecule such as an antibody or Fc receptor that binds to a molecular target such as a virus or antibody at a site of infection or tumor, and another effector molecule is a therapeutic molecule such as an enzyme or drug. The joining component may be a liposome, protein or an organic polymer (including a dendrimer type polymer), and may be of sufficient length and/or flexibility to permit the therapeutic molecule to physically interact with the target at the same time as the binding molecule. Supramolecules are formed containing at least two supramolecular component molecules that contain an effector molecule and a nucleic acid chain.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a chemical library, which method comprises synthesizing the library on a plurality of individually coded synthesis particles and wherein the particles are tracked during library synthesis under the control of robotic apparatus.

Abstract: Magnetic particles for separating biological mixtures consist of nacreous luster pigments with magnetic properties coated with a biological polymer.