Carrier Is Organic Patents (Class 436/528)
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Patent number: 6991906Abstract: To measure or exert optically-induced forces on at least one particle in the focus of an optical cage, the following steps are taken: a) the focus is positioned in a microelectrode arrangement with a three-dimensional electrical field that has a field gradient which forms an electrical capture area, and the focus is at a distance from the capture are and b) the amplitude of the electrical field, the light power of the light beam forming the optical cage, and/or the distance of the capture area from the focus are varied to detect which varied field property moves the particle from the focus to the capture area or vice versa, or at least to temporarily move the particle into the capture area.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1998Date of Patent: January 31, 2006Assignee: Evotec Biosystems AGInventors: Günter Fuhr, Thomas Schnelle, Torsten Müller, Hermine Hitzler, Karl-Otto Greulich, Shamoi Monajembashi
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Patent number: 6991941Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation of colloidal particulates and biomolecules at the interface between an insulating electrode such as silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution. Light-controlled electrokinetic assembly of particles near surfaces relies on the combination of three functional elements: the AC electric field-induced assembly of planar aggregates; the patterning of the electrolyte/silicon oxide/silicon interface to exert spatial control over the assembly process; and the real-time control of the assembly process via external illumination. The present invention provides a set of fundamental operations enabling interactive control over the creation and placement of planar arrays of several types of particles and biomolecules and the manipulation of array shape and size. The present invention enables sample preparation and handling for diagnostic assays and biochemical analysis in an array format, and the functional integration of these operations.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2000Date of Patent: January 31, 2006Assignee: BioArray Solutions Ltd.Inventor: Michael Seul
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Patent number: 6984528Abstract: Two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays of a polydiacetylene backbone having a substrate incorporated are used in chemical sensing methods to detect the interaction of an analyte with the substrate by monitoring the change in the fluorescence of the array.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2001Date of Patent: January 10, 2006Assignee: Analytical Biological Services Inc.Inventors: Mary A. Reppy, Sarah A. Sporn, Charles F. Saller
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Patent number: 6979543Abstract: A sensor is provided including a polymer capable of having an alterable measurable property from the group of luminescence and electrical conductivity, the polymer having an intermediate combination of a recognition element, a tethering element and a property-altering element bound thereto and capable of altering the measurable property, the intermediate combination adapted for subsequent separation from the polymer upon exposure to an agent having an affinity for binding to the recognition element whereupon the separation of the intermediate combination from the polymer results in a detectable change in the alterable measurable property, and, detecting said detectable change in the alterable measurable property.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2003Date of Patent: December 27, 2005Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Liaohai Chen, Duncan W. McBranch, Hsing-Lin Wang, David G. Whitten
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Patent number: 6974706Abstract: A method for detecting compounds of interest in bodily fluids, including exhaled breath and blood. The present invention uses biosensors that mimic naturally occurring cellular mechanisms, including RNA oligonucleotide chains or “aptamers,” in combination with molecular beacons or nanotechnology to provide an effective and efficient method for diagnosing a condition and/or disease within a patient. The subject invention also provides a method for screening those analytes/biomarkers likely to be present in exhaled breath.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 2003Date of Patent: December 13, 2005Assignee: University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: Richard J. Melker, Donn Michael Dennis
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Patent number: 6974673Abstract: An evanescent-wave optical biosensor includes a hollow optical waveguide, preferably in the form of a light-conductive capillary, surrounding a central waveguide preferably in the form of an optical fiber to create a sealed cavity. A source of optical energy as from a laser is directed into one or both of the light-input ends of the capillary and fiber, such that an evanescent field extends into the cavity from one or both of the inner surface of the capillary and the outer surface of the fiber. A first biomolecular constituent is attached to one or both of the inner wall of the hollow optical waveguide and the outer surface of the second optical waveguide, such that the first biomolecular binding partner is substantially within the evanescent field if present.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2001Date of Patent: December 13, 2005Assignee: Veridian Systems DivisionInventor: Michael D. Lockhart
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Patent number: 6972198Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the conformational state of a protein, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first binding partner which is capable of binding to the protein in a manner dependent on the conformational state of the protein and which generates a signal in a manner dependent on the binding of the first binding partner to the protein; and b) contacting the protein with the first binding partner and determining the conformational state of the protein by assessing the labelling of the protein by the binding of the first binding partner.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2000Date of Patent: December 6, 2005Assignee: Cyclacel, Ltd.Inventors: Roger K. Craig, John Colyer
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Patent number: 6969615Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to devices, arrays, kits and methods for detecting biomolecules in a tissue section (such as a fresh or archival sample, tissue microarray, or cells harvested by an LCM procedure) or other substantially two-dimensional sample (such as an electrophoretic gel or cDNA microarray) by creating “carbon copies” of the biomolecules eluted from the sample and visualizing the biomolecules on the copies using one or more detector molecules (e.g., antibodies or DNA probes) having specific affinity for the biomolecules of interest. Specific methods are provided for identifying the pattern of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids) in the samples. Other specific methods are provided for the identification and analysis of proteins and other biological molecules produced by cells and/or tissue, especially human cells and/or tissue.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 2001Date of Patent: November 29, 2005Assignees: 20/20 GeneSystems, Inc., The United States of America as represented by the Department of Health and Human ServicesInventors: Vladimir Knezevic, Michael R. Emmert-Buck, Galina Baibakova, Dan-Paul Hartmann, Stephen M. Hewitt, Capre Denise Mitchell, Kevin Gardner
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Patent number: 6960467Abstract: The invention relates to a microfluidic device with microchannels that have separated regions which have a member of a specific binding pair member such as DNA or RNA bound to porous polymer, beads or structures fabricated into the microchannel. The microchannels of the invention are fabricated from plastic and are operatively associated with a fluid propelling component and detector.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2001Date of Patent: November 1, 2005Assignee: Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc.Inventors: Chan-Long Shieh, Barbara Foley, Huinan Yu, Vi-En Choong
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Patent number: 6958131Abstract: The optical sensor contains an optical waveguide (1) with a substrate (104), waveguiding material (105), a cover medium (106) and a waveguide grating structure (101-103). By means of a light source (2), light can be emitted to the waveguide grating structure (101-103) from the substrate side and/or from the cover medium side. (101-103). With means of detection (11), at least two differing light proportions (7-10) radiated from the waveguide (1) can be detected. For carrying out a measurement, the waveguide can be immovably fixed relative to the light source (2) and the means of detection (11). The waveguide grating structure (101-103) itself consists of one or several waveguide grating structure units (101-103), which if so required can be equipped with (bio-)chemo-sensitive layers. The sensor permits the generation of absolute measuring signals.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2004Date of Patent: October 25, 2005Assignee: Artificial Sensing Instruments ASI AGInventor: Kurt Tiefenthaler
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Patent number: 6958245Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation of colloidal particulates and biomolecules at the interface between an insulating electrode such as silicon oxide and an electrolyte solution. Light-controlled elektrokinetic assembly of particles near surfaces relies on the combination of three functional elements, the AC electric field-induced assembly of planar aggregates; the patterning of the electrolyte/silicon oxide/silicon interface to exert spatial control over the assembly process; and the real-time control of the assembly process via external illumination. The present invention provides a set of fundamental operations enabling interactive control over the creation and placement of planar arrays of several types of particles and biomolecules and the manipulation of array shape and size. The present invention enables sample preparation and handling for diagnostic assays and biochemical analysis in an array format, and the functional integration of these operations.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 2001Date of Patent: October 25, 2005Assignee: Bioarray Solutions Ltd.Inventors: Michael Seul, Alice X. Li
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Patent number: 6951716Abstract: Immunoassay methods and apparatus are provided which utilize flow cytometry, coated latex microspheres, and fluorochrome labeled antibodies, to simultaneously detect the presence and amount of one or more analytes in a sample. Beads of several different sizes, colors or shapes, each bead are coated with a different analyte, for the simultaneous detection of one or more analytes and of cell components. The invention is also directed to platelet Ig positive control reagents and assays which provide for the setting of the fluorescence positive region for each patient. The platelet control is sized to fit between the platelets and red cells and thus making it ideal as a true biological control.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 2002Date of Patent: October 4, 2005Inventor: Mark Hechinger
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Patent number: 6939681Abstract: The invention relates to a method of evaluating the immunological status of a subject comprising the steps of 1) determining the content of an antibody in a liquid sample from the subject using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the presence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 1, 2) determining the content of an antibody in the liquid sample using an immunoassay, wherein the reaction between the antibody of the sample and a ligand in the form of an antigen, an antibody or a hapten, the ligand being directed to the Fab region of the sample antibody, is carried out in the absence of other constituents of the sample to obtain a measurement 2, and 3) interrelating measurements 1 and 2 to express the interference and using the interference as a parameter for evaluating the immunological status of the subjeType: GrantFiled: February 28, 2002Date of Patent: September 6, 2005Assignee: Alk-Abello A/SInventors: Hans-Henrik Ipsen, Niels Johansen, Rikke Morkeberg, Soren Bogestrand, Tine Charlotte Beck
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Patent number: 6939678Abstract: Assay systems and specialized antibodies for the detection and quantitation of troponin I and troponin T in body fluids as an indicator of myocardial infarction. Since troponin I and T exist in various conformations in the blood, the ratios of the monomeric troponin I an T and the binary and ternary complexes, as well as which form of troponin present in the blood, may be related to the metabolic state of the heart. Disclosed is a system to determine the presence of a troponin form or a group of troponin forms in a sample of whole blood, serum or plasma. Disclosed is a stabilized composition of troponin; the stabilized composition can comprise a stabilized composition of troponin I, wherein the troponin I is oxidized, the troponin I can be unbound or the troponin I can be in a complex. Disclosed is a method for improving the recovery of troponin I or T from a surface used in immunoassays.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1999Date of Patent: September 6, 2005Assignee: Biosite, Inc.Inventors: Kenneth F. Buechler, Paul H. McPherson
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Patent number: 6936462Abstract: The present invention relates to a structure comprising a biological membrane and a porous or perforated substrate, a biological membrane, a substrate, a high throughput screen, methods for production of the structure membrane and substrate, and a method for screening a large number of test compounds in a short period. More particularly it relates to a structure comprising a biological membrane adhered to a porous or perforated substrate, a biological membrane capable of adhering with high resistance seals to a substrate such as perforated glass and the ability to form sheets having predominantly an ion channel or transporter of interest, a high throughput screen for determining the effect of test compounds on ion channel or transporter activity, methods for manufacture of the structure, membrane and substrate, and a method for monitoring ion channel or transporter activity in a membrane.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1999Date of Patent: August 30, 2005Assignee: Xention Discovery LimitedInventors: David Geraint Owen, Nicholas Gerard Byrne
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Patent number: 6936477Abstract: Encoded combinatorial chemistry is provided, where sequential synthetic schemes are recorded using organic molecules, which define choice of reactant, and stage, as the same or different bit of information. Various products can be produced in the multi-stage synthesis, such as oligomers and synthetic non-repetitive organic molecules. Conveniently, nested families of compounds can be employed as identifiers, where number and/or position of a substituent define the choice. Alternatively, detectable functionalities may be employed, such as radioisotopes, fluorescers, halogens, and the like, where presence and ratios of two different groups can be used to define stage or choice. Particularly, pluralities of identifiers may be used to provide a binary or higher code, so as to define a plurality of choices with only a few detachable tags. The particles may be screened for a characteristic of interest, particularly binding affinity, where the products may be detachable from the particle or retained on the particle.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2002Date of Patent: August 30, 2005Assignees: The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryInventors: W. Clark Still, Michael H. J. Ohlmeyer, Lawrence W. Dillard, John C. Reader, Michael H. Wigler
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Patent number: 6933109Abstract: Methods and reagents for rapid purification and/or identification of particles in a liquid sample are described. The technique uses centrifugation to concentrate particles against a slanted surface having an agent specifically binding to the particles. This method is applicable for the rapid identification of viruses and other difficult or impossible to culture microorganisms without replication or amplification of the microorganism.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2000Date of Patent: August 23, 2005Assignee: Large Scale Proteomics CorporationInventor: Norman G. Anderson
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Patent number: 6933106Abstract: Immunoassay methods and apparatus are provided which utilize flow cytometry, coated latex microspheres, and fluorochrome labeled antibodies, to simultaneously detect the presence and amount of one or more analytes in a sample. By combining FALS and fluorescence, it is practical to use beads of several different sizes, colors or shapes, each bead coated with a different analyte, for the simultaneous detection of one or more analytes and of cell components such as platelets in a sample.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 2002Date of Patent: August 23, 2005Inventor: Mark Hechinger
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Patent number: 6929943Abstract: A device for analyzing immunoassays with a liquid assay medium includes a vessel for holding the assay medium. The vessel has a base comprised of a solid body having a first side wall and a top surface forming a boundary surface of the solid body. First reaction agents are dissolved in the assay medium in the vessel and are labeled with a luminophore or different luminophores and second reaction agents are bonded to the boundary surface within a boundary layer of the assay medium. A transmitter for emitting light rays is arranged so that the light rays are coupled into the base of the vessel via the first side wall and conducted at the total reflection angle to the boundary surface so that luminophore-labeled first reaction agents that are bonded to the second reaction agents are optically excited by at least some of the light rays and emit fluorescent and/or phosphorescent rays. A receiver is positioned for quantitatively detecting the fluorescent rays and/or phosphorescent rays.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2000Date of Patent: August 16, 2005Assignees: Leuze Electronic GmbH & Co., Stiftung fur Diagnostische ForschungInventors: Gerald Quapil, Manfred Schawaller
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Patent number: 6929955Abstract: The present invention relates to an interactive system comprising at least one active surface of plastic from monomers containing at least one structural element derived from a carbon dioxide (A), and at least one substance associated to a linker with at least one structural element (B) capable of establishing a hydrogen bond, and involving an interaction between the structural elements (A) and (B). That interactive system is suitable for presenting and eliminating substances in liquids.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1999Date of Patent: August 16, 2005Assignee: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V., BerlinInventors: Elke Bucha, Götz Nowak
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Patent number: 6927068Abstract: An assay method and kit for detecting the presence of a predesignated, target IgG antibody in a sample selected from one or more patient bodily fluids. The method comprises the following steps: (a) contacting the sample of one or more patient bodily fluids with a membrane-bound recombinant protective antigen to bind to the target IgG antibody in the sample; (b) previously, simultaneously or subsequently to step (a), binding the protective antigen (PA) with a conjugated label producing a detectable signal; and (c) detecting the signal whereby the presence of the target IgG antibody is determined in the sample by the intensity of the signal. The method can further comprise the step of evaluating immunization status of the patient from whom the sample came by comparing the signal or lack thereof with immunizations previously received by the patient. In a preferred embodiment, the recombinant protective antigen (PA) specifically binds to anthrax protective antigen-specific IgG antibodies.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2002Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Lloyd G. Simonson, John R. Kelly
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Patent number: 6927070Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method and system for sensing of one or more analytes. A host molecule, which serves as an adapter/carrier, is used to facilitate interaction between the analyte and the sensor element. A detectable signal is produced reflecting the identity and concentration of analyte present.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2002Date of Patent: August 9, 2005Assignee: The Texas A&M University SystemInventors: Hagan Bayley, Orit Braha, LiQun Gu
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Patent number: 6919210Abstract: A method for judging an autoimmune disease by detecting the existence of an anti-Reg protein autoantibody in a specimen; and a method for judging insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A method for detecting an anti-Reg protein autoantibody by bringing into a specimen into contact with an antigen component and detecting the formation of an immune complex. A reagent for diagnosing autoimmune disease which contain an antigen component capable of binding specifically to the anti-Reg protein autoantibody; and a reagent for diagnosing insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 2000Date of Patent: July 19, 2005Inventor: Hiroshi Okamoto
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Patent number: 6919211Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for sequencing, fingerprinting and mapping biological macromolecules, typically biological polymers. The methods make use of a plurality of sequence specific recognition reagents which can also be used for classification of biological samples, and to characterize their sources.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 2000Date of Patent: July 19, 2005Assignee: Affymetrix, Inc.Inventors: Stephen P. A. Fodor, J. Leighton Read, Lubert Stryer, Michael C. Pirrung
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Patent number: 6916628Abstract: The present invention provides a method for qualitative determination of low molecular weight soluble CD14 proteins separately. The present invention also provides antibodies specific to high molecular weight soluble CD14 proteins. Further, the present invention provides a measurement method for specifically determining the quality or quantity of high molecular weight soluble CD14 proteins using the antibodies with high sensitivity, simplicity and specificity.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2000Date of Patent: July 12, 2005Assignee: Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shouji Furusako, Kamon Shirakawa
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Patent number: 6913935Abstract: A method for the assay of N samples each containing a compound to be tested, comprises providing N reaction vessels each containing a population of carrier beads and other reagents for performing the assay, where N is at least 2 e.g. 80-4000. Each population of carrier beads is distinguishable from every other population. After adding the samples to the reaction vessels and performing the assays, the contents of all the reaction vessels are mixed and subjected to analysis by flow cytometry. By means of flow cytometry, each carrier bead is rapidly analysed to identify its population and also to determine the presence or concentration or biological activity of the compound to be tested.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1998Date of Patent: July 5, 2005Assignee: Amersham Biosciences UK LimitedInventor: Nicholas Thomas
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Patent number: 6905885Abstract: A portable pathogen detection system that accomplishes on-site multiplex detection of targets in biological samples. The system includes: microbead specific reagents, incubation/mixing chambers, a disposable microbead capture substrate, and an optical measurement and decoding arrangement. The basis of this system is a highly flexible Liquid Array that utilizes optically encoded microbeads as the templates for biological assays. Target biological samples are optically labeled and captured on the microbeads, which are in turn captured on an ordered array or disordered array disposable capture substrate and then optically read.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2001Date of Patent: June 14, 2005Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Billy W. Colston, Matthew Everett, Fred P. Milanovich, Steve B. Brown, Kodumudi Vendateswaran, Jonathan N. Simon
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Patent number: 6902889Abstract: The invention relates to an analytical chromatographic method which comprises the steps of: a) providing a membrane type flow matrix attached to a liquid-impervious backing, which flow matrix permits a capillary force assisted lateral fluid flow therethrough, and at least a part of which flow matrix contains ion-exchange functions; b) treating the flow matrix to reduce or eliminate unspecific adsorption properties of the flow matrix; c) applying to the flow matrix a sample containing at least two components; d) initiating a first lateral flow of aqueous fluid to transport the sample through the flow matrix and separate said components therein; e) interrupting the lateral flow; and either f1) detecting at least one of the separated components on the flow matrix in the position reached by the respective component when the flow was interrupted; or f2a) initiating a second flow of aqueous fluid to transport the components in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of the first lateral flow; f2b)Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 2000Date of Patent: June 7, 2005Assignee: Pharmacia Diagnostics ABInventors: Jan Carlsson, Maria Lönnberg
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Patent number: 6897073Abstract: Arrays of protein-capture agents useful for the simultaneous detection of a plurality of proteins which are the expression products, or fragments thereof, of a cell or population of cells in an organism are provided. A variety of antibody arrays, in particular, are described. Methods of both making and using the arrays of protein-capture agents are also disclosed. The invention arrays are particularly useful for various proteomics applications including assessing patterns of protein expression and modification in cells.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2001Date of Patent: May 24, 2005Assignee: Zyomyx, Inc.Inventors: Peter Wagner, Peter Kernen, Hongbo Lu, Huu Tran
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Patent number: 6887431Abstract: A bead dispensing system is provided for delivering small amounts of substances onto substrates. The system can include, for example, a movable support structure having an array of spaced-apart projections depending from its lower side. An attraction source, such as a vacuum, magnetic, and/or electrostatic force, is operable at each projection end region to attract and retain one bead. The projection array can be aligned with an array of bead-receiving regions of a substrate, e.g., an array of spaced-apart wells of a micro-plate or card. In one embodiment, a plurality of reagent-carrying beads are picked up, retained at respective projection end regions, and moved to a location over a multi-well plate. The beads are then released in a fashion permitting each bead to land in a respective well. The system of the invention is particularly useful for fabricating arrays of reagents.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2000Date of Patent: May 3, 2005Assignees: Applera CorporationInventors: Charles S. Vann, Dennis Lehto
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Patent number: 6887712Abstract: A method is disclosed for determining whether a compound binds to a lipoprotein such as LDL or VLDL in a manner which will lower plasma cholesterol. The method provided includes assessing the ability of the compound to form a complex with the lipoprotein, and then determining whether the newly formed complex causes a change in the structure of apoB-100 that results in increased binding affinity to an LDL receptor.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 1999Date of Patent: May 3, 2005Assignee: AtheroGenics, Inc.Inventors: Russell M. Medford, Uday Saxena
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Patent number: 6884597Abstract: A method for simply and conveniently detecting acetyltransferase and deacetylase activities of proteins by executing an acetylation reaction of a peptide substrate with an acetyltransferase, or a deacetylation reaction of an acetylated peptide substrate with a deacetylase, and after the completion of these reactions, detecting the acetyl group bound to the peptide substrate by using an anti-acetylated peptide antibody. This system for detecting acetyltransferase and deacetylase activities using the anti-acetylated peptide antibody enables screening inhibitors or enhancers of acetyltransferase and deacetylase. A system for screening deacetylase inhibitors or acetyltransferase enhancers using cultured cells is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 2000Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignee: Medical & Biological Laboratories, Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoichi Taya, Katsuyuki Tamai, Toshiaki Miyazaki
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Patent number: 6884628Abstract: Multifunctional, polyionic copolymers with molecular architectures and properties optimized for specific applications are synthesized on/or applied to substrate surfaces for analytical and sensing purposes. The coatings are particularly useful for suppression of non-specific interaction, adsorption or attachment of molecular or ionic components present in an analyte solution. Chemical, biochemical or biological groups that are able to recognize, interact with and bind specifically to target molecules in the material containing the analyte to be detected can be coupled to, integrated into, or absorbed to the multifunctional copolymers. These multifunctional copolymer coatings are compatible with a variety of different established methods to detect, sense and quantify the target molecule in an analyte.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 2000Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignees: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Universitat ZurichInventors: Jeffrey A. Hubbell, Marcus Textor, Donald L. Elbert, Stephanie Finken, Rolf Hofer, Nicholas D. Spencer, Laurence Ruiz-Taylor
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Patent number: 6884592Abstract: Test strips for determining the concentration of at least one analyte, e.g., glucose, in a physiological sample and methods for their manufacture and use and are provided. The subject test strips include a transfer element for facilitating the transfer of sample to a reaction area of the test strip. In certain embodiments, the transfer element, typically porous, has a first area and a second area, and in certain embodiments the two areas have different thicknesses. In other embodiments, the transfer element is non-porous and is configured to transfer sample by wicking it between the transfer element and the reaction area of the test strip. In the subject methods, the transport element facilitates transfers of a sample to a reaction area of the test strip. The subject test strips and methods find use in a variety of different applications, particularly in the determination of glucose concentrations.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2001Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignee: LifeScan, Inc.Inventors: David Matzinger, Khalid R. Quraishi, Yeung Siu Yu
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Patent number: 6881379Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a detection system for detecting different analytes in a sample, characterised by the following steps: providing a planar or essentially planar substrate which has sensors for chemically, optically or electrically detecting the analytes; applying an already microstructured layer to the substrate or applying a continuous layer to the substrate and microstructuring said layer, the layer being applied in such a way in either case that the areas of the substrate that are separated from each other are not covered by the layer, the layer and substrate being sealingly interconnected at least around the uncovered areas; bringing at least some of the uncovered areas into contact with at least one liquid containing catcher molecules, in such a way that said catcher molecules are able to adhere or bond to the surface of the substrate and/or on the surface of the sensors; removing the non-adhering constituents of the liquid and removing the microstructured layer or parts thType: GrantFiled: April 14, 2000Date of Patent: April 19, 2005Assignee: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V.Inventors: Reinhard Bredehorst, Rainer Hintsche, Rene Seitz, Walter Gumbrecht
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Patent number: 6881536Abstract: A method for the detection of an analyte of interest in a sample, which method comprises the steps of: (1) forming a composition comprising (a) a sample, (b) at least one substance selected from the group consisting of (i) added analyte of interest or an analog of the analyte of interest, (ii) a binding partner of the analyte of interest or its said analog, and (iii) a reactive component capable of binding with (i) or (ii), wherein one of said substances is linked to a label compound having a chemical moiety capable of being induced to luminesce, and (c) a plurality of particles capable of specifically binding with the analyte and/or a substance defined in (b) (i), (b) (ii), or (b) (iii); (2) inducing the label compound to luminesce; and (3) measuring luminescence emitted by the composition to determine the presence of the analyte of interest in the sample.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 1995Date of Patent: April 19, 2005Assignee: BioVeris CorporationInventors: Haresh P. Shah, Lee O. Hall, Michael J. Powell, Richard J. Massey
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Patent number: 6869770Abstract: Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are structurally related to the pepsins, thought to be restricted to the hoofed (ungulate) mammals and characterized by being expressed specifically in the outer epithelial cell layer (chorion/trophectoderm) of the placenta. By cloning expressed genes from ovine and bovine placental cDNA libraries, the inventors estimate that cattle, sheep, and most probably all ruminant Artiodactyla, possess possibly 100 or more PAG genes, many of which are placentally expressed. The PAGs are highly diverse in sequence, with regions of hypervariability confined largely to surface-exposed loops. Selected PAG that are products of the iOnvasive binucleate cells, expressed highly in early pregnancy at the time of trophoblast invasion and expressed weakly, if at all, in late gestation are useful in the early diagnosis of pregnancy. In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to immunoassays for detecting these PAGs.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1999Date of Patent: March 22, 2005Assignee: The Curators of the University of MissouriInventors: Robert Michael Roberts, Jonathan Andrew Green, Sancai Xie
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Patent number: 6867052Abstract: The present invention relates to articles of manufacture inclusive of or in combination with a biological assay material, formed from a material capable of detecting and identifying the presence of one or more particular toxic substances, wherein said toxic substances may comprise a multiplicity of biological materials.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2001Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: Toxin Alert, Inc.Inventors: Terri Lander, William T. Bodenhamer
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Patent number: 6855508Abstract: The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activity in a patient's bloodstream or other biological sample can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic index for cancer, diabetes, heart conditions, and other pathologies. Antibody-sandwich ELISA method and kits for VEGF as an antigen were developed to detect VEGF levels in biological samples from animal models and human patients and are used as a diagnostic/prognostic index.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2002Date of Patent: February 15, 2005Assignee: Genentech, Inc.Inventors: David Tai Wai Fei, Kristen Tomita
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Patent number: 6855562Abstract: The present invention provides an immunoassay method in which blood can be measured even without pretreatment by means of a centrifuge etc. In the present invention, antibodies or antigens in a sample are subjected to agglutination reaction with insoluble carriers onto which antigens or antibodies specifically reacting with the antibodies or antigens in the sample have been immobilized and the resulting agglutination mixture is determined for the change in its absorbance or in its scattered light by irradiation with light, wherein said sample is whole blood and the whole blood is forcibly lyzed.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2000Date of Patent: February 15, 2005Assignee: Horiba, Ltd.Inventors: Yasuo Yamao, Narihiro Oku
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Patent number: 6852285Abstract: Interactions between molecules which are components of self-assembled monolayers and other molecules can be amplified and transduced into an optical signal through the use of a mesogenic layer. The invention provides a device and methods for detecting analytes. The device comprises a substrate onto which a self-assembled monolayer is attached and a mesogenic layer which is anchored by the self-assembled monolayer. The mesogenic layer undergoes a change in conformation in response to the molecular interaction.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2001Date of Patent: February 8, 2005Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Nicholas L. Abbott, Justin J. Skaife, Vinay K. Gupta, Timothy B. Dubrovsky, Rahul Shah
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Patent number: 6849408Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for analyzing one or more fluid samples for the presence, amount or identity of one or more analytes optionally present in said samples, which uses a device having one or more round wells with a fixed diameter, the wells exposing a substrate of a specific thickness, whereby the substrate has oriented through going channels, in the area of the substrate exposed in the well is provided with at least one binding substance specific for a least one of said analytes. Using the device the sample fluid is forced to pass through the channels in the substrate from the upper side of the substrate to the lower side of the substrate and back at least one time, under conditions that are favorable to a reaction between any analyte present in the sample and the binding substances.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2001Date of Patent: February 1, 2005Assignee: PamGene B.V.Inventors: Wilhemus M. Carpay, Roeland F. Papen
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Patent number: 6846639Abstract: The use of impedance measurements to detect the presence of pathogens attached to antibody-coated beads. In a fluidic device antibodies are immobilized on a surface of a patterned interdigitated electrode. Pathogens in a sample fluid streaming past the electrode attach to the immobilized antibodies, which produces a change in impedance between two adjacent electrodes, which impedance change is measured and used to detect the presence of a pathogen. To amplify the signal, beads coated with antibodies are introduced and the beads would stick to the pathogen causing a greater change in impedance between the two adjacent electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2001Date of Patent: January 25, 2005Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Robin R. Miles, Kodumudi S. Venkateswaran, Christopher K. Fuller
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Patent number: 6844164Abstract: An antibody biding specifically to rat's acrosome reacted sperm is produced and hybridomas (FARS-91 and FARS-92 strains) capable of stably proliferating are obtained by fusing mouse spleen cells having a high antibody titer against rat's acrosome reacted sperm with mouse-origin myeloma cells and screening fused cells reacting strongly with rat's acrosome reacted sperm. From these hybridomas, monoclonal antibodies selectively binding to rat's acrosome reacted sperm can be obtained. Thus, a diagnostic method for evaluating fertility of rat's spermatozoa is presented.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2000Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Yoshihiro Kuwahara, Michinori Hasegawa, Kiyotsugu Isaka, Hiromasa Araki
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Patent number: 6844202Abstract: A magnetic sensing element detects the presence of magnetic particles in a binding assay. The magnetic sensing element has at least one planar layer of electrically conductive ferromagnetic material that has an initial state in which the material has a circular magnetic moment within the plane of the layer. The magnetic sensing element has molecules of a first specific binding member attached to it. The device also includes a fluid test medium to which the magnetic sensing element is exposed during the course of a binding assay. The fluid test medium includes magnetizable particles that become immobilized during the assay in relation to the amount of analyte in the test medium.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 2002Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Gary A. Prinz, Michael M. Miller
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Patent number: 6844162Abstract: A method and kit for monitoring autoantibodies to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor in a sample of body fluid, which employs the steps of: (i) incubating TSH receptor with a sample of body fluid; (ii) reacting the incubated sample of body fluid with at least one binding agent which is capable of binding to the TSH receptor in competitive reaction with TSH receptor autoantibodies (TRAb), or in a case where TSH receptor is complexed to labelled antibody, reacting the sample of body fluid with at least one binding agent which can bind to TRAb in such a way as not substantially to interfere with binding of the TRAb to the TSH receptor; and (iii) detecting bound TRAb in the reacted incubated sample of body fluid.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2000Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: RSR LimitedInventors: Bernard Rees Smith, Jane Sanders, Jadwiga Furmaniak
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Patent number: 6844201Abstract: Methods for capturing analytes associated with surface-bound ligands are disclosed. The methods involve eluting analytes from surface-bound ligands with a first liquid to generate free analytes, and capturing the free analytes with a solid capturing material within the first liquid to generate a first liquid containing captured analytes. The first liquid may be a flowing liquid or a non-flowing liquid, and the surface to which the surface-bound ligand is attached may be a sensing surface, such as a biosensor, or a non-sensing surface. The captured analytes may be further consolidated at a location removed from the surface-bound ligand, eluted from the solid capturing material with a second liquid, and used for subsequent analysis or procedures.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 2002Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: Biacore ABInventors: Magnus Malmqvist, Östen Jansson
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Patent number: 6844165Abstract: This invention provides methods of retentate chromatography for resolving analytes in a sample. The methods involve adsorbing the analytes to a substrate under a plurality of different selectivity conditions, and detecting the analytes retained on the substrate by desorption spectrometry. The methods are useful in biology and medicine, including clinical diagnostics and drug discovery.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 2000Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc.Inventors: T. William Hutchens, Tai-Tung Yip
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Patent number: 6838292Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for the detection of bacterial agents such agents as Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium botulinum with high sensitivity and selectivity. More specifically, methods and devices are based on a phosphorescence-emission detection system using chelate-stabilized lanthanides (e.g, Eu(III), Tb(III), and Sm(III)) to detect various spore-specific small organic molecules (e.g., dipicolinic acid, diaminopimelic acid, n-acetlymuramic acid, and the like). By careful selection of the chelating agent or ligand coordinated to the lanthanide, both high specificity and selectivity can be obtained. Examples of suitable and preferred sensor systems include N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA) and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid (HEIDA) combined with europium (III) and/or terbium (III). The chelate-stabilized lanthanides react with the spore-specific “target” molecules to form a characteristically phosphorescent product which can then be detected.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2000Date of Patent: January 4, 2005Assignee: Alion Science and Technology CorporationInventors: Krishnaswamy S. Rajan, Stephen S. Mainer
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Patent number: RE38688Abstract: A solid diagnostic device for the quantitative determination of substances of biological affinity in biological fluids is described. A process is also described in which the biological fluid is brought into contact with a specific functional sector of the device, the fluid migrates through several functional sectors situated beside one another and containing suitable reagent components, and one or more substances of biological affinity are detected in such functional sectors which contain, for each substance to be detected, at least one combination partner of biological affinity, attached to a solid phase.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2001Date of Patent: January 18, 2005Assignee: Dade Behring Marburg GmbHInventors: Heinz-Jürgen Friesen, Gerd Grenner, Hans-Erwin Pauly, Helmut Kohl, Klaus Habenstein, Joseph Stärk