Abstract: An organic thin film transistor including a substrate having thereon at least three terminals of a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, an insulator layer and an organic semiconductor layer, with a current between a source and a drain being controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layer includes a specified organic compound having an aromatic heterocyclic group in the center thereof; and an organic thin film light emitting transistor utilizing an organic thin film transistor, wherein the organic thin film transistor is one in which light emission is obtained utilizing a current flowing between the source and the drain, and the light emission is controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, and is made high with respect to the response speed and has a large ON/OFF ratio, are provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing an organic EL device includes providing a structure including a substrate and an electrode positioned above the substrate, and forming an organic layer including a mixture of first and second organic materials above the electrode. The first organic material has a first sublimation point. The second organic material has a second sublimation point higher than the first sublimation point. The formation of the organic layer includes heating an evaporation material including a mixture of the first and second organic materials to an evaporation temperature so as to sublimate the first and second organic materials, and delivering the sublimed first and second organic materials toward the electrode to deposit a mixture including the first and second organic materials above the electrode. The evaporation temperature is, for example, a temperature higher than the second sublimation temperature by 50° C. or more.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a heterocyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device including the heterocyclic compound. The organic light-emitting devices using the heterocyclic compounds have high-efficiency, low driving voltages, high luminance and long lifespans.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid-state p-n heterojunction comprising a p-type material in contact with an n-type material wherein said n-type material comprises SnO2 having at least one surface-coating of a surface coating material having a higher band-gap than SnO2 and/or a conduction band edge closer to vacuum level than SnO2, such as MgO. The invention also provides optoelectronic devices such as solar cells or photo sensors comprising such a p-n heterojunction, and methods for the manufacture of such a heterojunction or device.

Abstract: A compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1): (where: R1 and R2 represent, independently, a substitutable C1 to C20 aliphatic hydrocarbon group; and R3 through R14 represent, independently, one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substitutable aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and a substitutable aromatic hydrocarbon group). It is therefore possible to provide a novel compound which can be used as an organic semiconductor material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion element for use, for example, as a dye sensitized solar cell that has a wide range of choices of additives and moreover offers better characteristics than when 4-tert-butylpyridine is used as an additive. In the photoelectric conversion element having a structure in which an electrolyte layer (7) is filled between a porous photoelectrode (3) formed above a transparent substrate (1) and a counter electrode (6), an additive having a pKa falling within the range of 6.04?pKa?7.3 is added to the electrolyte layer (7), and/or the additive having a pKa falling within the range of 6.04?pKa?7.3 is adsorbed to the surface of at least either the porous photoelectrode (3) or counter electrode (6) facing the electrolyte layer (7). A pyridine-based additive or an additive having a heterocycle is used as an additive. When the electrolyte layer (7) includes an electrolytic solution, a solvent having a molecular weight of 47.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor structure is disclosed. A substrate with a first transistor having a first dummy gate and a second transistor having a second dummy gate is provided. The conductive types of the first transistor and the second transistor are different. The first and second dummy gates are simultaneously removed to form respective first and second openings. A high-k dielectric layer, a second type conductive layer and a first low resistance conductive layer are formed on the substrate and fill in the first and second openings, with the first low resistance conductive layer filling up the second opening. The first low resistance conductive layer and the second type conductive layer in the first opening are removed. A first type conductive layer and a second low resistance conductive layer are then formed in the first opening, with the second low resistance conductive layer filling up the first opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photovoltaic cell, a method of manufacturing such photovoltaic cell, and to uses of such cell.

Abstract: A method for the application of solution processed metal oxide hole transport layers in organic photovoltaic devices and related organic electronics devices is disclosed. The metal oxide may be derived from a metal-organic precursor enabling solution processing of an amorphous, p-type metal oxide. An organic photovoltaic device having solution processed, metal oxide, thin-film hole transport layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an organic photovoltaic cell that contains one or more dipole regions generally disposed between an organic active region and the electrodes and a process for producing such an organic photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device comprising: an anode; a cathode; an inorganic substrate; and at least one organic window layer positioned between: the anode and the inorganic substrate; or the cathode and the inorganic substrate. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing the performance of a photosensitive device having an anode, a cathode, and an inorganic substrate, comprising: positioning at least one organic window layer between the anode and the cathode. In one embodiment the organic window layer may absorb light and generate excitons that migrate to the inorganic where they convert to photocurrent, thereby increasing the efficiency of the device. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing Schottky barrier height of a photosensitive device, the method being substantially similar to the previously defined method.

Abstract: A fullerene derivative having a partial structure represented by formula (1): wherein R represents a monovalent group, and r represents an integer of 0 to 4, in particular, a fullerene derivative, which has one to four structures represented by formula (1), can be applied to an organic photoelectric conversion element having a high open-circuit voltage and is therefore suitable for an organic thin-film solar cell or an organic photosensor, and thus it is extremely useful.

Abstract: An optoelectronic apparatus, a method for making the apparatus, and the use of the apparatus in an optoelectronic device are disclosed. The apparatus may include an active layer having a nanostructured network layer with a network of regularly spaced structures with spaces between neighboring structures. One or more network-filling materials are disposed in the spaces. At least one of the network-filling materials has complementary charge transfer properties with respect to the nanostructured network layer. An interfacial layer, configured to enhance an efficiency of the active layer, is disposed between the nanostructured network layer and the network-filling materials. The interfacial layer may be configured to provide (a) charge transfer between the two materials that exhibits different rates for forward versus backward transport; (b) differential light absorption to extend a range of wavelengths that the active layer can absorb; or (c) enhanced light absorption, which may be coupled with charge injection.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device comprises electon donor D and acceptor A semiconducting species and an intervening co-oligomeric or copolymeric species provided to alter the energy transfer characteristics of excitons to or from the interface between the said electron acceptor and donor species. The intervening species may be of the form Am-Xn-Do, where m, n and o are each 0 or a positive integer and at least two of A, X and D are present.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optoelectronic memory device, the method for manufacturing and evaluating the same. The optoelectronic memory device according to the present invention includes a substrate, an insulation layer, an active layer, source electrode and drain electrode. The substrate includes a gate, and the insulation layer is formed on the substrate. The active layer is formed on the insulation layer, and more particularly, the active layer is formed of a composite material comprising conjugated conductive polymers and quantum dots. Moreover, both of the source and the drain are formed on the insulation layer, and electrically connected to the active layer.

Abstract: A thin film deposition apparatus to remove static electricity generated between a substrate and a mask, and a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display device using the thin film deposition apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing electrical contacts on organic semiconductors is described. The method, which involves low energy impact and can be carried out under ambient conditions, comprises covering the relevant surface of the semiconductor with a layer of an appropriate solvent: a metal leaf having an appropriate thickness and work function containing metal oxide impurities is deposited onto the area treated in this manner. Electrical contacts with elevated conductivity are obtained by evaporating the solvent. One embodiment of the invention describes a family of crystalline semiconductors, preferably based on perylene or ?-quaterthiophene, provided with the electrical contacts according to the method described herein and provided with particular structural characteristics. The use of metal leaf satisfying the above-stated requirements (for example imitation gold leaf, gold leaf etc.). in the above-described method is furthermore described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for making a conjugated polymer. In the method, polyacrylonitrile, a solvent, and a catalyst are provided. The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the solvent to form a polyacrylonitrile solution. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed into the polyacrylonitrile solution. The polyacrylonitrile solution with the catalyst is heated to induce a cyclizing reaction of the polyacrylonitrile, thereby forming a conjugated polymer solution with the conjugated polymer dissolved therein.

Abstract: There is disclosed ultrathin film material templating layers that force the morphology of subsequently grown electrically active thin films have been found to increase the performance of small molecule organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. There is disclosed electron-transporting material, such as hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) can be used as a templating material that forces donor materials, such as copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) to assume a vertical-standing morphology when deposited onto its surface on an electrode, such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. It has been shown that for a device with HAT-CN as the templating buffer layer, the fill factor and short circuit current of CuPc:C60 OPVs were both improved compared with cells lacking the HAT-CN template. This is explained by the reduction of the series resistance due to the improved crystallinity of CuPc grown onto the ITO surface.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes: a switching element and a driving element connected to each other on a substrate including a pixel region; a planarization layer on the switching element and the driving element, the planarization layer having a substantially flat top surface; a cathode on the planarization layer, the cathode connected to the driving element; an emitting layer on the cathode; and an anode on the emitting layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided.

Abstract: To provide a photoelectric conversion element capable of functioning as a photoelectric conversion element when a compound having a specific structure is applied to the photoelectric conversion element, causing the element to exhibit a low dark current, and reducing the range of increase in the dark current even when the element is heat-treated, and an imaging device equipped with such a photoelectric conversion element. A photoelectric conversion element having a photoelectric conversion film which is sandwiched between a transparent electrically conductive film and an electrically conductive film and contains a photoelectric conversion layer and an electron blocking layer, wherein the electron blocking layer contains a compound having, as a substituent, a substituted amino group containing three or more ring structures.

Abstract: An organic thin film transistor including a substrate having thereon at least three terminals of a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, an insulator layer and an organic semiconductor layer, with a current between a source and a drain being controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layer includes a specified organic compound having an acetylene or olefin structure in the center thereof; and an organic thin film light emitting transistor utilizing an organic thin film transistor, wherein the organic thin film transistor is one in which light emission is obtained utilizing a current flowing between the source and the drain, and the light emission is controlled upon application of a voltage to the gate electrode, and is made high with respect to the response speed and has a large ON/OFF ratio, are provided.

Abstract: A method of placing a functionalized semiconducting nanostructure, includes functionalizing a semiconducting nanostructure including one of a nanowire and a nanocrystal, with an organic functionality including a functional group for bonding to a bonding surface, dispersing the functionalized semiconducting nanostructure in a solvent to form a dispersion, and depositing the dispersion onto the bonding surface.

Abstract: An organic photosensitive device having an organic film with a desired crystalline order includes a first electrode layer and at least one structural templating layer disposed on the first electrode A photoactive region is disposed on the templating layer and includes a donor material and an acceptor material, wherein the donor or the acceptor is templated by the templating layer, and further wherein a majority of the molecules of the templated material are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the first electrode An organic light emitting device incorporating such organic films includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, at least one structural templating layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a functional layer disposed over the templating layer A majority of the molecules of the functional layer are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the layer below the templating layer

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion element exhibiting excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent stability in photoelectric conversion function; a method of manufacturing the photoelectric conversion element; and a solar cell thereof in order to solve the current problems.

Abstract: A high photoelectric conversion efficiency is provided by an organic photoelectric conversion element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and an active layer, wherein the active layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode and contains an electron-donating compound and an electron-accepting compound, and the active layer side of the first electrode surface is treated with a coupling agent followed by a lyophilic treatment.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing an electronic element for forming the electronic element including one or more wiring layers and an organic insulating layer stacked on a substrate. The method includes a wiring layer formation step of forming the wiring layer on the substrate; an organic insulating layer formation step of forming an organic insulating layer on the wiring layer; and an irradiation step of irradiating a short-circuit portion of the wiring layer through the organic insulating layer with a laser beam having a wavelength transmissive through the organic insulating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a light emitting diode having a thermal conductive substrate and a method of fabricating the same. The light emitting diode includes a thermal conductive insulating substrate. A plurality of metal patterns are spaced apart from one another on the insulating substrate, and light emitting cells are located in regions on the respective metal patterns. Each of the light emitting cells includes a P-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and an N-type semiconductor layer. Meanwhile, metal wires electrically connect upper surfaces of the light emitting cells to adjacent metal patterns. Accordingly, since the light emitting cells are operated on the thermal conductive substrate, a heat dissipation property of the light emitting diode can be improved.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of manufacturing an organic EL device includes providing a structure including a substrate and an electrode positioned above the substrate, and forming an organic layer including a mixture of first and second organic materials above the electrode. The first organic material has a first sublimation point. The second organic material has a second sublimation point higher than the first sublimation point. The formation of the organic layer includes heating an evaporation material including a mixture of the first and second organic materials to an evaporation temperature so as to sublimate the first and second organic materials, and delivering the sublimed first and second organic materials toward the electrode to deposit a mixture including the first and second organic materials above the electrode. The evaporation temperature is, for example, a temperature higher than the second sublimation temperature by 50° C. or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tandem organic solar cell using a polyelectrolyte layer and a method for manufacturing same. The tandem organic solar cell comprises a first electrode, a first organic photoactive layer, a recombination layer, a second organic photoactive layer, and a second electrode. The recombination layer includes an n-type semiconductor material layer and a conjugated polyelectrolyte layer.

Abstract: A method for coating a body with a coating liquid, the body being arranged above a nozzle through which the coating liquid is to be discharged upwardly, the coating method comprising: a coating step in which the nozzle and the body are relatively moved in a prescribed coating direction while the body is kept in contact with the coating liquid discharged through the nozzle; and a non-coating step in which the nozzle and the body are relatively moved to the coating direction while the body is kept detached from the coating liquid, wherein the two steps of coating and non-coating are alternately repeated, using the nozzle, which has a plurality of slit-shape outlets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optoelectronic and/or electrochemical devices comprising an organic charge transporting material which is liquid at a temperature of ?180° C. In particular in dye-sensitised solar cells, quantum efficiency higher than with prior art solid organic hole-transporters is reported. The melting point of a large quantity of organic charge transporting materials may be adjusted to a desired value by selecting suitable substituents. Accordingly, general advantages of the liquid state may be associated with the properties of organic charge transporting materials.

Abstract: A photovoltaic element (110) is proposed for conversion of electromagnetic radiation to electrical energy. The photovoltaic element (110) may especially be a dye solar cell (112). The photovoltaic element (110) has at least one first electrode (116), at least one n-semiconductive metal oxide (120), at least one electromagnetic radiation-absorbing dye (122), at least one solid organic p-semiconductor (126) and at least one second electrode (132). The p-semiconductor (126) comprises at least one metal oxide (130).

Abstract: An organic device, including an organic compound having charge-transporting ability (i.e., transporting holes and/or electrons) and/or including organic light emissive molecules capable of emitting at least one of fluorescent light or phosphorescent light, has a charge transfer complex-contained layer including a charge transfer complex formed upon contact of an organic hole-transporting compound and molybdenum trioxide via a manner of lamination or mixing thereof, so that the organic hole-transporting compound is in a state of radical cation (i.e., positively charged species) in the charge transfer complex-contained layer.

Abstract: An image sensor and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The image sensor can include a passivation layer on a substrate having a pad area and a pixel area, a color filter layer on the passivation layer over the pixel area, a first low temperature oxide layer on the substrate including the color filter layer, and a low temperature oxide layer microlens on the first low temperature oxide layer. The low temperature oxide layer microlens can include a seed microlens and a second low temperature oxide layer on the seed microlens. The seed microlens can be formed from the first low temperature oxide layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a solar cell is disclosed. The solar cell fabricating method includes forming a first transparent conductive layer on a transparent substrate, texturing an upper surface of the first transparent conductive layer using an etchant solution configured to contain an acid with a molecular weight of about 58˜300, forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the first transparent conductive layer, forming a second transparent conductive layer on the photoelectric conversion layer, and forming a rear electrode on the second transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: Providing an organic thin-film solar cell that can be easily manufactured and then mass produced at low cost while increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the method of producing the same. Solar cells 100-102 include at least one of a mixed P-type organic semiconductor layer 12M and a mixed N-type organic semiconductor layer 14M. A plurality of organic semiconductor materials are mixed in the mixed P-type organic semiconductor layer 12M or the mixed N-type organic semiconductor layer 14M, respectively. In such a way, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells is increased by selecting and mixing proper organic semiconductor materials to form the organic semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for the efficient photocurrent generation in single- or multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which includes (SWNTs)/poly [3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3HT) hybrid photovoltaics, and exhibit the following features: photocurrent measurement at individual SWNT/P3HT heterojunctions indicate that both semiconducting (s-) and metallic (m-) SWNTs function as excellent hole acceptors; electrical transport and gate voltage dependent photocurrent indicate that P3HT p-dopes both s-SWNT and m-SWNT, and exciton dissociation is driven by a built-in voltage at the heterojunction. Some embodiments include a mm2 scale SWNT/P3HT bilayer hybrid photovoltaics using horizontally aligned SWNT arrays, which exhibit greater than 90% effective external quantum efficiency, among other things, which advantageously provide carbon nanomaterial based low cost and high efficiency hybrid photovoltaics.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element is provided which includes a photoelectrode (101) having a porous semiconductor layer (106) and a transparent electrode (107) and a counter electrode (102) disposed to face the photoelectrode (101) and in which a nitroxyl radical compound expressed by General Formula 1 is mainly enclosed between the photoelectrode (101) and the counter electrode (102). (where A in General Formula 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group and may contain one or more atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, boron, or halogen and the aromatic group may be obtained by condensing a plurality of aromatic groups).

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for producing a photoelectric conversion device comprising a dye-sensitized metal oxide semiconductor which is treated with an essentially transparent hydroxamic acid or an essentially transparent salt thereof. The invention also relates to a photoelectric conversion device obtainable by the process of the invention and to a photoelectric cell, especially a solar cell, comprising the photoelectric conversion device. Moreover, the invention relates to the use of an essentially transparent hydroxamic acid or an essentially transparent salt thereof for enhancing the energy conversion efficiency ? of dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion devices.

Abstract: A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated, heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,? fashion is achieved, resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

Abstract: An ionic liquid which is high in ionic conductivity and high in safety without an anxiety of ignition or the like and an electrolyte composition containing the same are provided. The present invention concerns an electrolyte composition for photoelectric conversion device, containing a quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid represented by the following formula (1). A viscosity at 25° C. of this ionic liquid is preferably not more than 200 mPa·sec. In the formula (1), it is preferable that the alkoxyalkyl group is a methoxymethyl group, and all of the alkyl groups are an ethyl group. In the formula, R1 represents a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group each having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 represents a methyl group or an ethyl group; n represents an integer of from 1 to 6; and X represents N(SO2CF3)2 or N(CN)2.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first substrate; and a second substrate coupled to the first substrate, characterized in that, to control formation of a segregated phase domain structure within a chemical reaction product by controlling an amount of a constituent of a precursor that is present per unit surface area, at least one member selected from the group consisting of the first substrate and the second substrate defines a substantially regularly periodically varying relief with respect to basal spatial location.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion element is provided which includes a semiconductor electrode (108) containing a semiconductor layer (103) and a dye, a counter electrode (109), and an electrolyte layer (104) disposed between the semiconductor electrode (108) and the counter electrode (109) and in which the dye contains a compound expressed by General Formula 1. (where A in General Formula 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group and may contain one or more atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, boron, or halogen and the aromatic group may be obtained by condensing a plurality of aromatic groups).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device includes: a first step of forming on a supporting substrate made of a stainless steel, a plurality of conductive members each including a first region containing Au and a second region containing a metallic member having a diffusion coefficient with respect to a metal in the stainless steel smaller than a diffusion coefficient of Au with respect to the metal in the stainless steel, a second step of forming a base member made of a light-blocking resin on the supporting substrate between the conductive members, a third step of bonding a light emitting element on an upper surface of a conductive member through an adhesive member, a fourth step of covering the light emitting element with an optically transmissive sealing member, and a fifth step of removing the supporting substrate and individually separating the light emitting devices.

Abstract: A method for forming an organic semiconductor film having a high carrier mobility is provided by having an average volatilization rate of a solvent within a prescribed range during a step of drying, at the time of applying a coating solution, which includes an organic semiconductor material and a non-halogen solvent, on a substrate. In such forming method, characteristic fluctuation in repeated use of the organic semiconductor film is suppressed, and an organic thin film transistor having an excellent film forming characteristic even on an insulator with reduced gate voltage threshold can be obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices and polaron pair recombination dynamics to impact efficiency and open circuit voltages of organic solar cells. The present disclosure also relates, in part, to methods of making organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising the same.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic transistor active substrate is disclosed. The organic transistor active substrate includes an organic transistor in which a first electrode is formed on a substrate, a first insulating film is formed on the first electrode, a pair of second electrodes is formed on the first insulating film, and an active layer made of an organic semiconductor material is formed on the pair of second electrodes. The organic transistor is laminated with a second insulating film, and the second insulating film is laminated with a third electrode which is electrically coupled to one of the second electrodes via a through-hole provided through the second insulating film. The first electrode is formed by inkjet ejection; the first insulating film is formed by coating; the pair of second electrodes is formed by inkjet ejection; the active layer is formed by inkjet ejection; the second insulating film is formed by screen printing; and the third electrode is formed by screen printing.

Abstract: A method for forming an electronic device having a semiconducting active layer comprising a polymer, the method comprising aligning the chains of the polymer parallel to each other by bringing the polymer into a liquid-crystalline phase.