Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the production of carbonaceous adsorption agents doped with elementary sulfur, in which sulfur is mixed with the adsorption agent, the mixture is heated to a temperature of between 120° C. and 150° C. and the temperature is maintained over a period of about an hour. The process is distinguished in that heating of the mixture is effected under a controlled oxygen-bearing atmosphere. The invention further concerns a process for waste gas cleaning using carbonaceous absorption agents doped with elementary sulfur. Preferably brown coal coke is used as the adsorption agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to apparatus designed to impregnate a sorbent. In some embodiments apparatus of the disclosure may comprise a mixing vessel having either a conical mixing chamber or an cylindrical mixing chamber designed to increase the contact surface area and/or contact/residence time of a sorbent and impregnant to produce compositions comprising an impregnated sorbent. Apparatus of the disclosure may also comprise one or more atomizers operable to produce atomized droplets of impregnant. The disclosure also provides methods for impregnation of a milled sorbent or an un-milled sorbent. Methods of the disclosure provide several technical advantages and may be cost effective. Impregnant sorbent compositions produced by methods and/or apparatus of the disclosure may have higher concentrations of an impregnant, a more uniform distribution of an impregnant and may have a greater sorbent efficiency.

Abstract: A nicotine adsorbent includes a porous carbon material having a specific surface area of 10 m2/g or more according to the nitrogen BET method and a pore volume of 0.2 cm3/g or more according to the BJH method.

Abstract: A separation medium, such as a chromatography filling or packing, containing a modified graphite oxide material, which is a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide with a surface area of from about 300 m2/g to 2600 m2/g, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface that has been at least partially functionalized.

Abstract: An activated carbon producing system includes a carbonizer for carbonizing cellulose triacetate as cellulose acylate to create carbonized material. A pulverizer pulverizes the carbonized material to obtain granules. An activation device activates the granules to create activated carbon. The activated carbon producing system includes a dispenser for supplying the cellulose triacetate at a plural number of times. A heating furnace is operated at each time after the dispenser operates, for thermally decomposing the cellulose triacetate from the dispenser, to obtain the carbonized material by carbonization. The pulverizer pulverizes the carbonized material in a size equal to or more than 2 mm and equal to or less than 20 mm. Temperature of the heating furnace is equal to or higher than 300 deg. C. and equal to or lower than 600 deg. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and catalyst for the oxidative desulfurization of hydrocarbonaceous oil. In one aspect, solid carbon materials are provided having stable sulfur trioxide and nitrogen dioxide oxidative species on the surface thereof. Such materials are useful in the production of low sulfur hydrocarbon feedstocks and in the removal of refractory sulfur compounds.

Abstract: A parallel passage fluid contactor structure for chemical reaction processes has one or more segments, where each segment has a plurality of substantially parallel fluid flow passages oriented in an axial direction; cell walls between each adjacent fluid flow passages and each cell wall has at least two opposite cell wall surfaces. The structure also includes at least one active compound in the cell walls and multiple axially continuous conductive filaments either embedded within the cell walls or situated between the cell wall surfaces. The conductive filaments are at least one of thermally and electrically conductive, are oriented in axially, and are in direct contact with the active compound, and are operable to transfer thermal energy between the active material and the conductive filaments. Heating of the conductive filaments may be used to transfer heat to the active material in the cell walls. Methods of manufacturing the structure are discussed.

Abstract: An environmental remediation material and method for making the same which include processing an organic material to increase the internal surface and surface pore area thereof through pyrolysis, coating the pyrolyzed material with a non-polar substance to enhance the material's oleophilicity, and applying secondary processing treatments designed to optimize the material for preselected chemical remediation applications. The remediation material is insoluble in aqueous environments, free of environmentally hazardous chemicals or compounds and readily transportable and disposable following use.

Abstract: A high pressure hydrogen confinement apparatus according to one embodiment includes carbon nanotubes capped at one or both ends thereof with a hydrogen-permeable membrane to enable the high pressure confinement of hydrogen and release of the hydrogen therethrough. A hydrogen confinement apparatus according to another embodiment includes an array of multi-walled carbon nanotubes each having first and second ends, the second ends being capped with palladium (Pd) to enable the high pressure confinement of hydrogen and release of the hydrogen therethrough as a function of palladium temperature, wherein the array of carbon nanotubes is capable of storing hydrogen gas at a pressure of at least 1 GPa for greater than 24 hours. Additional apparatuses and methods are also presented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing spherical activated carbon, wherein polymer globules, which comprise thermally decomposing chemical groups, are carbonized. It is characterized by that during the carbonization, a supplier of free radicals is added to the polymer globules, the supplier of free radicals forming free radicals, which are different from the free radicals that are generated by the decomposition of the chemical groups.

Abstract: Organic, small pore area materials (“SPMs”) are provided comprising open cell foams in unlimited sizes and shapes. These SPMs exhibit minimal shrinkage and cracking. Processes for preparing SPMs are also provided that do not require supercritical extraction. These processes comprise sol-gel polymerization of a hydroxylated aromatic in the presence of at least one suitable electrophilic linking agent and at least one suitable solvent capable of strengthening the sol-gel. Also disclosed are the carbonized derivatives of the organic SPMs.

Abstract: A method for producing a halogenated activated carbon material includes heating a natural, non-lignocellulosic carbon precursor in an inert or reducing atmosphere to form a first carbon material, mixing the first carbon material with an inorganic compound to form a mixture, heating the mixture in an inert or reducing atmosphere to incorporate the inorganic compound into the first carbon material, removing the inorganic compound from the first carbon material to produce an activated carbon material, and treating the activated carbon material with a halogen source to form a halogenated activated carbon material. The halogenated activated carbon material is suitable to form improved carbon-based electrodes for use in high energy density devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adsorbent media for use in adsorption systems and a method of making the same. The media includes a relatively thin support layer such as paper, an adsorbent such as a zeolite and non-activated pitch-based carbon fibers. The relatively thin layer, porous media provides the advantages of faster mass flow. Because the pitch-based carbon fibers are not activated, they retain their high thermal conductivity and, therefore, provide for fast and efficient heat diffusion through the media.

Abstract: A pressed sorbent form includes a sorbent and a binder. The sorbent is chosen from the group including silica gel, molecular sieve, activated carbon, and clay. The binder is powdered ethyl vinyl acetate.

Abstract: A hazardous substance adsorbing tablet prepared by direct compression of a dry powder mixture which includes a porous particulate adsorbent having an average particle diameter of 100 ?m or less and containing 200 mesh pass particles in an amount of more than 80% by weight, and a particulate binder having an apparent specific gravity of at least 1.

Abstract: An activated carbon producing system includes a heating furnace for thermally decomposing multi-layer film including a polyvinyl alcohol layer and cellulose triacetate (TAC) layers formed on surfaces of the polyvinyl alcohol layer, to produce carbonized material by carbonization. An activation device activates the carbonized material with heat, to produce activated carbon by forming fine pores therein. A burner assembly combusts acetic acid contained in pyrolysis gas created by thermal decomposition in the heating furnace, to produce gaseous carbon dioxide. A first heat exchanger exchanges heat between the pyrolysis gas from the burner assembly and heat exchange medium, to provide the heating furnace with the heat of the heat exchange medium. A washer absorbs gaseous carbon dioxide contained in the pyrolysis gas from the first heat exchanger by use of alkaline absorption solution. If the multi-layer film contains additive, the washer washes away the combusted additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a structure having a core-shell configuration. The core comprises a predetermined adsorber solid material, and the shell at least partially surrounding the core comprises a predetermined humidity controlling material, thereby enabling using said adsorber solid material for interacting with and thus storing therein a predetermined adsorbable gas under desired environmental conditions. The invention also discloses a pressure vessel for use in storing at least one gas.

Abstract: An adsorbent having porosity expanded by contact with a first agent effecting such expansion and a pressurized second agent effecting transport of the first agent into the porosity, wherein the adsorbent subsequent to removal of the first and second agents retains expanded porosity. The adsorbent can be made by an associated method in which materials such as water, ethers, alcohols, organic solvent media, or inorganic solvent media can be utilized as the first agent for swelling of the porosity, and helium, argon, krypton, xenon, neon, or other inert gases can be employed as the pressurized second agent for transport of both agents into the porosity of the adsorbent, subsequent to which the agents can be removed to yield an adsorbent of increased capacity for sorbable fluids, e.g., organometallic compounds, hydrides, halides and acid gases.

Abstract: The invention provides various methods for removing gas phase pollutants by calcining limestone or dolomite using flash calcination to produce a high surface area lime or hydrated lime and directly adding the lime or hydrated lime to a gas stream containing gas phase pollutants. In other methods, the production of an activated sorbent, such as activated carbon, is combined with the production of the high surface area lime or hydrated lime and directly added to a gas stream containing gas phase pollutants. The combination of lime or hydrated lime and an activated sorbent enhances the removal of gas phase pollutants such as those from a coal-fired boiler flue gas.

Abstract: A reduced puffing needle coke is formed, which includes a lesser amount of nitrogen within the coke so that carbon articles produced from such coke experience minimal expansion upon heating to graphitization temperatures.

Abstract: A reduced puffing needle coke is formed, which includes a reduced nitrogen content within the coke so that the coke particles do not experience as much puffing during the formation of graphitized carbon articles produced from such coke upon heating to graphitization temperatures.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing hydrogen spillover and storage are disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the hydrogen receptor to ultrasonication as doping occurs. Another embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the doped hydrogen receptor to a plasma treatment.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes an adsorbent and exemplary protocols for extracting nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, from complex matrices, such as stool samples and water samples. The adsorbent is activated charcoal coated with a material such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextran, or coconut flours. The adsorbent may be used in microcentrifuge spin columns, where it may be present as a slurry in a storage solution. The sample may be prepared by vortexing in a buffer solution, centrifuging, adding a protease to the supernatant, and passing the supernatant through a microcentrifuge spin column containing coated activated charcoal. The key components, including buffer, protease, and spin columns, may be packaged in a kit.

Abstract: A sorbent body adapted for abating toxic elements from a fluid stream, such as a carbon combustion flue gas stream or a syngas stream produced in coal gasification process, and process for making such sorbent. The sorbent body comprises an activated carbon matrix defining a plurality of pores, sulfur and an additive adapted for promoting the abatement of toxic elements from the fluid stream. At least one of the additive is formed into the sorbent body by in-situ forming such as in-situ extrusion. The sorbent is useful for abatement of, e.g., arsenic, cadmium, mercury and selenium from gas streams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from an aqueous medium by adding surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate or an aqueous suspension comprising surface-reacted calcium carbonate and having a pH greater than 6.0 measured at 20° C., to the medium, wherein the surface-reacted calcium carbonate is a reaction product of natural calcium carbonate with carbon dioxide and one or more acids, the use of the surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate for the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds, as well as to a combination of a surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate and activated carbon for the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds.

Abstract: A method for producing a low oxygen content activated carbon material includes heating a natural, non-lignocellulosic carbon precursor in an inert or reducing atmosphere to form a first carbon material, mixing the first carbon material with an inorganic compound to form an aqueous mixture, heating the aqueous mixture in an inert or reducing atmosphere to incorporate the inorganic compound into the first carbon material, removing the inorganic compound from the first carbon material to produce a second carbon material, and heating the second carbon material in an inert or reducing atmosphere to form the low oxygen content activated carbon material. The activated carbon material is suitable to form improved carbon-based electrodes for use in high energy density devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorber element and to a method for the production thereof, comprising a carrier material (1) on which adsorbent particles (3) are arranged as the adsorber layer using a binding agent (2). According to the invention, the adsorber layer comprises inorganic fibers (4) and the binding agent (2) is designed as a colloid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for producing an oxygenated biochar material possessing a cation-exchanging property, wherein a biochar source is reacted with one or more oxygenating compounds in such a manner that the biochar source homogeneously acquires oxygen-containing cation-exchanging groups in an incomplete combustion process. The invention is also directed to oxygenated biochar compositions and soil formulations containing the oxygenated biochar material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid nano sorbent that is capable of reducing and/or removing acidic gases in a gas stream. The hybrid nano sorbent includes at least (i) a nano-structured carbonous material including at least one organic functional group, (ii) at least one metal from at least one of groups 2A, 6B, 7B, 9B or 10B of the periodic table of elements, or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii). The method for reducing and/or removing the acidic gases in a stream is also described.

Abstract: To provide an agent for removing a halogen series gas and a method for removing a halogen series gas which is excellent in a removing ability of removing the present halogen series gas in a low concentration area, which prevents an adsorbent from generating heat, and which is capable of reducing formation of a solid waste. A method for removing a halogen series gas, which comprises bringing a gas to be treated which contains at least one member selected from the halogen series gas group consisting of F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, and compounds which generate a hydrogen halide or hypohalogeneous acid upon hydrolysis, into contact with a granule comprising, based on the total mass of the granule, from 45 to 99.85 mass % of an alkali metal salt, from 0.1 to 40 mass % of a carbonaceous material, and from more than 0 mass % to 15 mass % of an alkaline earth metal salt, in the presence of water.

Abstract: Compositions, and processes utilizing such compositions, are provided for reducing mercury emissions during fuel combustion Such compositions comprise a sorbent, a bromine source and a chlorine source Such compositions exhibit improved thermal stability as compared to that of the sorbent by itself.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for constructing a fractal network structure in hydrogen storage material to improve the hydrogen uptake at room temperature, the method including the following steps: providing a hydrogen storage material comprising a source and a receptor of hydrogen atoms, wherein the source is disposed above the receptor, and a chemical bridge is disposed between the source and the receptor, wherein the chemical bridge is composed of precursor material; and treating the hydrogen storage material to construct a fractal network structure of mesopores and micropores in the receptor, so as to enhance the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage material at room temperature.

Abstract: Activated carbon in which the residual amount of hydrocarbon (HC) can be reduced and a canister using such activated carbon are provided. Activated carbon in which the residual amount of butane is determined to be 1.2 g/100 ml or less after butane is adsorbed thereon and desorbed therefrom in accordance with the determination of BWC (ASTM D-5228) and a canister using such activated carbon as an adsorbent are provided.

Abstract: An activated carbon having the highest peak D within the range of 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm, in which the peak D is from 0.012 to 0.050 cm3/g and is from 2% to 32% to a total pore volume, in pore size distribution as calculated by BJH method from N2-adsorption isotherm at 77.4 K. An electric double layer capacitor comprising the polarizable electrode which comprises the activated carbon, carbon fiber, carbon black, and binder.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relate to treating fluid to at least reduce selenium content within the fluid, which may be an aqueous liquid and form a feed stream. The treating removes selenium that may be present in compounds, such as selenocyanate, from the feed stream based on adsorption from contact of the fluid with a sorbent. Flowing a gaseous hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide containing stream over a support, such as activated carbon, may provide the sorbent impregnated with sulfur and utilized in the treating of the fluid.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a hybrid hydrogen storage system is provided. In one embodiment, the hybrid hydrogen storage system includes: a first hydrogen storage material present at a first volume percent (%) having a first gravimetric capacity and a first volumetric capacity; and a second hydrogen storage material forming an unreacted mixture with the first hydrogen storage material and present at a second volume % being 100 volume % minus the first volume %, the second storage material having a second gravimetric capacity and a second volumetric capacity, the first gravimetric capacity at the first volume % being higher or lower than the second gravimetric capacity at the second volume %, and the first volumetric capacity at the first volume % being the other of higher or lower than the second volumetric capacity at the second volume %.

Abstract: Provided is a drug sustained-release agent including a carbon material (porous carbon material) which has an inverse opal structure. The drug sustained-release agent includes a porous carbon material which has spherical pores having an average diameter of 1×10?9 to 1×10?5 m and arrayed three-dimensionally and which has a surface area of 3×102 m2/g. Or, the drug sustained-release agent includes a porous carbon material in which pores are arrayed in an arrangement corresponding to a crystal structure on a macroscopic basis. Or, the drug sustained-release agent includes a porous carbon material in which pores are arrayed at a surface thereof in an arrangement corresponding to the (111) plane orientation of a face-centered cubic structure on a macroscopic basis.

Abstract: The present invention teaches an absorbent material with powdered activated carbon which is substantially light-colored without using color masking agents or hiding. This invention addresses the need in the field for an absorbent material with improved odor-controlling properties, that maintains such properties for longer periods of time and where the absorbent material maintains a light-colored appearance without the addition of color-masking agents. Suitable methods for creating the absorbent materials include a pan agglomeration process, a high shear agglomeration process, a low shear agglomeration process, a high pressure agglomeration process, a low pressure agglomeration process, a rotary drum agglomeration process, a pan agglomeration process, a roll press compaction process, a pin mixer process, a dry blending process, a spray coating process, an extrusion process, a pelletizing process and a fluid bed process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to articles for extracting a component from a fluid stream, the article including a body portion having a plurality of bores extending therethrough, the bores facilitating the flow of the fluid stream through the body portion in use, wherein the body portion is formed from a mixture of a binder and at least one component selected from the group consisting of carbon fibres, carbon nanotubes and mixtures thereof. The present invention also relates to a method of forming such articles and methods and systems including same.

Abstract: An activated carbon material having a BET specific surface area of 10 to 1,000 m2/g as measured by means of a nitrogen adsorption method, and the ratio of the height of the D peak (1,360 cm?1) of a Raman spectrum of the activated carbon material to that of the G peak (1,580 cm?1) of the Raman spectrum is 0.8 to 1.2. When the activated carbon material of the present invention is used as a polarizable electrode material of an electric double layer capacitor, high capacitance per electrode is attained without application of excessive voltage.

Abstract: Sorbent for the dry cleaning of waste gases charged with mercury and process for the production thereof. The sorbent includes as an adsorptively acting constituent for example activated carbons or activated cokes which are mixed with sulfur in powder form at ambient temperature, under the action of atmospheric oxygen. The sorbent is distinguished by a given ratio in respect of the median values of the grain size of the adsorptively operative constituent to the sulfur.

Abstract: A fluid purifier includes an enclosure provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a plurality of different carbon based purifying media disposed within the enclosure which are capable of removing different contaminants. In a non-limiting embodiment, the purifier includes three carbon-based materials ordered according to a specific sequence. In an aspect of the non-limiting embodiment, the material closer to the purifier inlet may include acid-impregnated carbons, the centrally-located material may include base-impregnated carbons, and the material closer to the outlet may include activated carbons.

Abstract: A fuel vapor storage canister for adsorbing fuel vapor evaporated from a fuel tank of an automotive vehicle. The fuel vapor storage canister includes a casing provided with charge and purge ports at its first end and an atmospheric port at its second end. At least first and second fuel vapor adsorbent layers are respectively located near the first and second ends of the casing. In this arrangement, the first fuel vapor adsorbent layer is larger in cross-sectional area perpendicular to flow direction of fuel vapor than the second fuel vapor adsorbent layer. The first and second fuel vapor adsorbent layers respectively include first and second granular fuel vapor adsorbents. The first granular fuel vapor adsorbent has a microporous structure, while the second granular fuel vapor adsorbent has a macroporous structure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an adsorbent comprising: a) 20-30% porous carbon with incorporated organic nitrogen species; and b) 70-80% inorganic matter. The invention is directed to a method of making an adsorbent which comprises: a) thermally drying dewatered sewage sludge to form granulated organic fertilizer; and b) pyrolyzing said the organic fertilizer at temperatures between 600 and 1000° C. The invention is additionally directed to the process of removing acidic gases from wet air streams comprising putting an adsorbent in contact with the wet air stream and allowing the adsorbent to adsorb the acidic gases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a latent-heat storage type adsorbent composition for canisters that can effectively prevent changing in temperature due to the heat of absorption/desorption and has a high butane working capacity; a process for producing the adsorbent; and a canister employing the latent-heat storage type adsorbent composition for canisters. The present invention relates to a latent-heat storage type adsorbent composition for canisters which compromises an adsorbent adsorbing a fuel vapor and a heat-storage material comprising microencapsulated phase-changing material which absorbs or releases latent heat in response to temperature change, and a method for producing such an adsorbent.

Abstract: A system comprising an activated carbon bed in contact with carbon foam is described. In some embodiments, the system, which may be a fluid treatment system, may comprise an activated carbon bed and a carbon foam section covering at least a portion of a surface of the activated carbon bed. In other embodiments, a fluid treatment system may comprise two or more activated carbon beds which are at least partially separated by one or more carbon foam sections. Further embodiments of a fluid treatment system may comprise a vessel, where one or more walls of the vessel comprises carbon foam, and an activated carbon bed contained within the vessel. Still further, a fluid treatment system may comprise an activated carbon bed and a carbon foam section at least partially contained within said activated carbon bed.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed adducts of amines and polycarboxylic acids, and methods of making such adducts. Such adducts can be used to remove cyanogen chloride. Also disclosed are methods of providing such adducts on supports to form filter media. Also disclosed are methods of combining such filter media with catalysts and/or with porous polymeric webs to form filter systems.

Abstract: A carbon-based foam composite including a carbon-based foam and a solid state hydrogen storage material, methods for making the carbon-based foam composite, and methods for using the carbon-based foam composite. Representative carbon-based foams include cryogels, aerogels, and xerogels. Representative solid state hydrogen storage materials include metal hydrides and chemical hydrides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sorbent compositions and methods to reduce the amount of mercury emitted into the atmosphere as a result of processing a mercury-containing material. The sorbent compositions include a sorbent source and at least one halogen material. The sorbent source is interacted with the halogen material to form a halogenated sorbent. The halogenated sorbent is contacted with a mercury-containing product (e.g., gas, vapor or mixtures thereof) which is produced as a result of processing a mercury-containing material. At least a portion of the mercury in the mercury-containing product is absorbed by the halogenated sorbent such that the level of mercury in said mercury-containing product is reduced.

Abstract: An adsorption structure is described that includes at least one adsorbent member formed of an adsorbent material and at least one porous member provided in contact with a portion of the adsorbent member to allow gas to enter and exit the portion of the adsorbent member. Such adsorption structure is usefully employed in adsorbent-based refrigeration systems. A method also is described for producing an adsorbent material, in which a first polymeric material is provided having a first density and a second polymeric material is provided having a second density, in which the second polymeric material is in contact with the first polymeric material to form a structure. The structure is pyrolyzed to form a porous adsorbent material including a first region corresponding to the first polymeric material and a second region corresponding to the second polymeric material, in which at least one of the pore sizes and the pore distribution differs between the first region and the second region.