Abstract: The present invention relates to a polycarbonate composite having an increased pencil hardness, comprising a polycarbonate substrate prepared from a thermoplastic aromatic (co)polycarbonate having a glass-transition temperature in the range of 160 to 210° C.; and a coating on said substrate, said coating being formed by curing a polysiloxane-based thermosetting coating material at a temperature in the range of 140 to 210° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours. The polycarbonate composite has a pencil hardness higher than H, as measured according to ASTM D3363. The present invention also relates to a method for producing said polycarbonate composite and an article comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermoplastic elastomer yarn with improved unwinding, weaving and yarn shrinking property, and a manufacturing method thereof. According to the present invention, the thermoplastic elastomer yarn according to the present invention is excellent in improved unwinding, weaving and yarn shrinking property. Furthermore, the thermoplastic elastomer yarn according to the present invention is excellent in yarn shrinkage rate, unwinding, weaving, tensile strength and elongation rate to be adequate for manufacturing textile fabric and footwear in terms of physical properties.

Abstract: The invention provides polymer compositions, compounds, processes, and methods of use of the polymers for biodegradable consumer plastics, adhesives, e.g., bioadhesives, pressure sensitive adhesives and thermos-responsive adhesives.

Abstract: A method of performing an oilfield treatment that includes delivering to an oilfield fluid a host-guest complex, wherein the host-guest complex is formed from a solution of host molecule mixed with a guest molecule having opposing solubility from the host molecule; wherein the host molecule is present in the solution in an amount of at least 2×10?6 M.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a diene elastomer/polylactide copolymer, the weight percentage of polylactide being between 10% and 45% by weight, relative to the weight of the copolymer, characterized in that lactide, an elastomer functionalized by at least one group bearing at least one function capable of initiating a ring-opening polymerization of the lactide and a catalytic system are introduced into an extruder (A).

Abstract: A polyester resin composition comprising a crystalline wholly aromatic polyester which is a polycondensate of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic diol, and a filler, wherein a structural unit derived from the aromatic dicarboxylic acid comprises a structural unit represented by chemical formula (1): and a structural unit derived from the aromatic diol comprises chemical formula (4): wherein content of a residue of 4,4?-dicarboxy diphenyl ether (corresponding to the structural units represented by chemical formula (1)) and a residue of 4,4?-dihydroxy benzophenone (corresponding to the structural units represented by chemical formula (4)) is at least 80 mol % in the entire structural units of the crystalline wholly aromatic polyester.

Abstract: A method for making spherical polymer particles, the method including: providing a polymer solution including a polymer in an amount of less than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer solution, and an organic solvent; combining the polymer solution, deionized water, and a first surfactant to provide an emulsification composition having an organic solvent fraction of 0.60 or higher by volume; forming an emulsion from the emulsification composition; and adding the emulsion into receiving water maintained at a temperature above the boiling point of the organic solvent for a period sufficient to evaporate the organic solvent, wherein the adding and the evaporating are at a rate effective to form an aqueous slurry comprising spherical polymer particles having a Dv100 (volume-based diameter) of 10 micrometers or less, as measured by laser diffraction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithographic printing plate precursor that enables a lithographic printing plate formed therefrom to have excellent image visibility and a long press life, as well as a lithographic printing plate manufacturing method and a printing method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lightweight composite metal sheet having excellent vibration damping characteristics and a method of manufacturing the same. Provided is a composite metal sheet including: a metal sheet; and a plastic layer disposed on one surface or both surfaces of the metal sheet and including a polyolefin and a thermoplastic polyester polyether elastomer.

Abstract: A method for preparing tyrosine derived polyarylates includes combining a desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine ethyl ester, a desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine benzylester, succinic acid and a catalyst in a flask to produce a first mixture. Methylene chloride is added to the first mixture to produce a first suspension. Diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIPC) is added to the first mixture to produce a first solution. The first solution is added to a non-solvent to produce a precipitate. The precipitate is dissolved in methylene chloride to form a polymer solution. The polymer solution is blended with a slurry to produce polymer shreds. The polymer shreds are blended with a second slurry to produce a tyrosine derived polyarylate.

Abstract: A Zn—Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) composition is added to a solution including a corrosion inhibitor and stirred, and a precipitate of the solution is collected, washed, and dried to form a corrosion inhibiting material (CIM), in which the LDH composition is intercalated with the corrosion inhibitor. An inorganic CIM and/or an organic CIM may be formed. The organic CIM may be added to a sol-gel composition to form an organic CIM-containing sol-gel composition, and the inorganic CIM may be added to a sol-gel composition to form an inorganic CIM-containing sol-gel composition. Further, the organic CIM-containing sol-gel composition may be applied on a substrate (e.g., an aluminum alloy substrate) to form an organic CIM-containing sol-gel layer and cured by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the inorganic CIM-containing sol-gel composition may be applied on the substrate to form an inorganic CIM-containing sol-gel layer and cured by UV radiation, and the sol-gel layers may be thermally cured.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene, including: reacting terephthaloyl chloride with diphenyl ether in the presence of a Lewis acid, so as to obtain a product mixture including 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene-Lewis acid complex, wherein the 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene-Lewis acid complex is, at least partly, in the form of a precipitate; carrying out a solid/liquid separation of the product mixture to obtain a cake comprising the 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene-Lewis acid complex precipitate; putting the cake in contact with a decomplexing solvent, wherein the decomplexing solvent is a protic solvent, so as to dissociate the 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene-Lewis acid complex into 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene; and, recovering the 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene. Also, a method for manufacturing a polyaryletherketone polymer starting from 1,4-bis(4-phenoxybenzoyl)benzene manufactured by the above method.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for manufacturing a glycerol-tricarboxylic acid polyester foam which comprises the steps of combining glycerol and a tri-carboxylic acid to provide a liquid reaction mixture and contacting the reaction mixture with a substrate under polymerization conditions, wherein the substrate has a top layer comprising one or more of metal, metal oxide, and metal halide. The invention also pertains to a glycerol-tricarboxylic polyester foam, in particular a glycerol-citric acid polyester foam, which has a closed cell foam structure wherein at least 90 vol. % of the foam, preferably at least 95% of the foam, is built up from cells having a diameter below 2 mm. The foamed polyester of the present invention is “green”, biodegradable, and non-toxic, and can be cleanly combusted. It finds application in, int. al., packaging materials, insulation materials, and materials with a short life cycle.

Abstract: It is possible to enhance flowability of a polycarbonate resin during molding of the polycarbonate resin without impairment of inherent properties of the polycarbonate resin by blending a flowability enhancing agent and an antioxidant with the polycarbonate resin, the flowability enhancing agent including polyester which is a polycondensate of a monomer mixture, the monomer mixture being a mixture of monomers (A), (B), and (C), which are biphenol (A), bisphenol (B), and dicarboxylic acid (C), respectively, the monomer mixture containing the biphenol (A) in an amount of 0 mol % to 55 mol %, the bisphenol (B) in an amount of 5 mol % to 60 mol %, and the dicarboxylic acid (C) in an amount of 40 mol % to 60 mol %, with respect to 100 mol % of a total amount of the monomers (A), (B), and (C), and the polyester having terminals 60% or more of which are sealed with a terminal sealing agent having a number average molecular weight of not less than 160.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing 1,4-bis 4-phenoxybenzoyl) benzene, including: providing a reactant mixture including terephthaloyl chloride and diphenyl ether in a solvent; adding a Lewis acid to the reactant mixture, so as to obtain a product mixture; wherein the temperature of the reactant mixture is greater than 5° C. during at least part of the step of adding the Lewis acid to the reactant mixture.

Abstract: To provide a coating fluid for a gate insulating film, which can be baked at a low temperature of at most 180C; a gate insulating film having excellent solvent resistance and further having good characteristics in e.g. specific resistance or semiconductor mobility; and an organic transistor employing the gate insulating film. A coating fluid for a gate insulating film, which comprises a polyimide obtainable by cyclodehydration of a polyamic acid having repeating units of a specific structure, a gate insulating film employing the coating fluid, and the organic transistor employing the gate insulating film.

Abstract: An insulating coating material is provided herein. In some embodiments, the insulating coating material comprises an insulating film comprising a polyimide resin, wherein the insulating film, when measuring a tensile elasticity in accordance with ASTM D882, having a stress at 5% strain of 180 MPa or greater and a stress at 15% strain of 225 MPa or greater, wherein the stress at 15% strain is greater than the stress at 5% strain.

Abstract: A curative for epoxidized plant-based oils and epoxidized natural rubber is created from the reaction between a naturally occurring polyfunctional acid and an epoxidized plant-based oil is disclosed. The curative may be used to produce porosity-free castable resins and vulcanize rubber formulations based on epoxidized natural rubber. Materials made from disclosed materials may be advantageously used as leather substitutes.

Abstract: Halogen-free flame retardant compositions comprising copolyetherester thermoplastic elastomers, melamine cyanurate and epoxy-containing compounds and cables and wires made from such flame retardant polymer composition provide good electrical insulation resistance during use.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for manufacturing a glycerol-tricarboxylic acid polyester foam which comprises the steps of combining glycerol and a tri-carboxylic acid to provide a liquid reaction mixture and contacting the reaction mixture with a substrate under polymerization conditions, wherein the substrate has a top layer comprising one or more of metal, metal oxide, and metal halide. The invention also pertains to a glycerol-tricarboxylic polyester foam, in particular a glycerol-citric acid polyester foam, which has a closed cell foam structure wherein at least 90 vol. % of the foam, preferably at least 95% of the foam, is built up from cells having a diameter below 2 mm. The foamed polyester of the present invention is “green”, biodegradable, and non-toxic, and can be cleanly combusted. It finds application in, int. al., packaging materials, insulation materials, and materials with a short life cycle.

Abstract: A rubber mixture comprising at least one polymer base with a cross-linkable unsaturated chain, a vulcanization system, and antioxidant agents comprising in monomer form one or more compounds covered by the general formula (I) wherein, the substituents R1, R2, R3, R4 and R10, which are equal to or different from one another, are chosen among H, OH, and (CH2)nCHCH2 with n as an integer number ranging from 1 to 10; provided that, among the substituents R1, R2, R3, R4 and R10, at least one is OH and at least one is (CH2)nCHCH2; and the substituents R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9, which are equal to or different from one another, are chosen among H, OH, and (CH2)nCHCH2 with n as an integer number ranging from 1 to 10; provided that, among the substituents R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9, at least one is OH and at least one is (CH2)nCHCH2.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a polyester from cyclic ester monomer comprises the steps of: a) providing a cyclic ester, b) polymerizing the cyclic ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally an initiator in a reactor to form a reaction mixture comprising polyester and unreacted cyclic ester, wherein after the polymerization at least one polymerization inhibitor is added to the reaction mixture, wherein the polymerization inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of monoimines, diimines, mono alkyl phosphates according to the formula RPO4H2, wherein R is a C6-16 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, di alkyl phosphates according to the formula R2PO4H, wherein each R is independently a C6-16 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group or a combination thereof, and phosphate esters according to the general formula (I) wherein at least one of R?, R? and R?? has the general structure as in general formula (II) wherein n>0 and Q is independently a C1-16 linear, branched or substituted alkyl group, and R

Abstract: A method for stabilizing a condensed phase composition in a process of manufacturing a polyester from cyclic ester monomer comprising the steps of devolatilizing a reaction mixture, which contains i) at least one polymerizable cyclic ester, ii) at least one catalyst and optionally at least one initiator, to produce a vapor stream and a molten residue, wherein the vapor stream includes mainly i) the at least one polymerizable cyclic ester and ii) the at least one catalyst and/or the at least one initiator and/or a reaction product or a residue of the at least one catalyst and/or the at least one initiator and condensing the vapor stream to form the condensed phase composition, wherein at least one polymerization inhibitor is added as stabilizer to the reaction mixture and/or to the condensed phase composition in an amount so that the degree of conversion of the polymerizable cyclic ester in the condensed phase composition is not more than 15%, wherein the degree of conversion is 100?(c0?CF)/c0, wherein c0 is t

Abstract: Provided are a curable resin composition capable of providing excellent heat resistance and toughness for a cured product, in which these physical properties are less deteriorated even in a case of being exposed to humidity and heat conditions, and a cured product, a fiber reinforced composite material, and a molded article thereof. The curable resin composition includes an epoxy resin and a curing agent, in which the epoxy resin is an epoxy resin obtained by the polyglycidyl-etherification of a phenol novolac resin. The phenol novolac resin contains bisphenol F having different binding sites, and in the bisphenol F components, the content of the [o, p?] conjugate is in a range of 30% to 45% relative to the total of the [o, p?] conjugate+the [o, o?] conjugate+the [p, p?] conjugate in terms of the area ratio according to a liquid chromatography measurement.

Abstract: A method for purifying reclaimed polypropylene, such as a polypropylene reclaimed from post-consumer use or post-industrial use, is disclosed. The method involves obtaining the reclaimed polypropylene and contacting it at an elevated temperature and pressure with a fluid solvent to produce an extracted reclaimed polypropylene. The extracted reclaimed polypropylene is dissolved in a solvent at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a polypropylene solution, which is purified at an elevated temperature and pressure by contacting the polypropylene solution with solid media to produce a purer polypropylene solution. A purer polypropylene is then separated from the purer polypropylene solution.

Abstract: A gas barrier composite film is provided. The gas barrier composite film includes a substrate layer; a functional layer disposed on one or two sides of the substrate layer, wherein the functional layer includes a first copolymer of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, or a second copolymer of acrylic acid and vinylidene dichloride, and an inorganic stack layer disposed on the functional layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyester resin which comprises a constituent unit represented by general formula (1), a constituent unit derived from a compound having a bisphenol skeleton and a constituent unit derived from a polyvalent carboxylic acid, and wherein the constituent unit derived from a compound having a bisphenol skeleton is contained in an amount of 20 parts by mole or more per 100 parts by mole of the constituent unit derived from a polyvalent carboxylic acid. The present invention is able to provide a polyester resin which has excellent solubility in a solvent and excellent pulverization properties, and which provides a toner having excellent storage stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for coating paper, wherein the coating material used is a biodegradable, aliphatic-aromatic polyester having a melt volume rate (MVR) according to EN ISO 1133 (190° C., 2.16 kg weight) of from 3 to 50 cm3/10 min.

Abstract: Some embodiments provided herein relate to a thermoplastic material that can include a thermoplastic surface, a protective coating, and a degradable intermediate layer.

Abstract: A cigarette paper additive having harm reduction function and application thereof are provided. The additive contains alkali metal salts of butane tetracarboxylic acid or cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid which are prepared by reacting the butane tetracarboxylic acid or cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid with alkali. The application thereof is evenly adding the aqueous additive solution at different concentrations to cigarette paper by a metering rod-type film transfer sizing machine in a sizing section of the cigarette paper production, and the produced cigarette paper is used for cigarette production that can effectively reduce release of CO, phenol and tar in the mainstream smoke, and has better effects of harm reduction and tar reduction. The method of the invention is easy, does not need to alter the existing cigarette paper production process, and has low cost and higher industrial application value.

Abstract: Provided is an aromatic polycarbonate resin molded body, which is obtained by molding a resin molding material containing an aromatic polycarbonate resin (A), in which: the molded body has a thin-walled portion having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less; the molded body has an o-hydroxyacetophenone content of 1 ppm by mass or less and a nitrogen atom content of 15 ppm or less; and the molded body is free of an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of from 500 nm to 600 nm.

Abstract: Provided is an anticorrosive polyamide resin composition having excellent anticorrosive capability by possessing excellent adhesive strength to a polyolefin resin and a metal and excellent elongation. The anticorrosive polyamide resin composition contains a resin component that contains 70 to 90 mass % of a polyamide resin, and 30 to 10 mass % of an acid-modified polyolefin resin. A maleic acid anhydride-modified polyolefin resin is preferably used as the acid-modified polyolefin resin. Polypropylene is preferably used as the polyolefin resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filter material including a sheet-like laminate which includes an ultrafine fiber aggregate layer formed of an aggregate of ultrafine fibers produced by an electrospinning method having an average fiber diameter of not less than 10 nm and not more than 1000 nm, and a base material formed of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric constituted from fibers having an average fiber diameter of 1 ?m or more, said filter material satisfying all of a plurality of specific requirements, having a capability of collecting or separating ?m-order microfine particles with a high accuracy and exhibiting a less pressure loss and a long filtering life, as well as a filter cartridge using the filter material.

Abstract: A process for producing a copolyester through the production of an AB monomer of isoidide - Isodide 2-(4-carbomethoxyphenyl) ether. In certain aspects, the AB monomer is produced by performing the steps of: protecting the 2-position of isosorbide with a protecting group; functionalizing the 5-position of isosorbide with a suitable leaving group to form a reactive ester; nucleophilicly displacing the leaving group in a reaction with an alkali metal alkoxide or phenoxide to give an isoidide ether through a stereochemical inversion of the 5-position; and removing the protective moiety to create the AB monomer. In certain embodiments, the copolyester is produced by melting the AB monomer and a polyester, optionally with a catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are polycarbonate having high fluidity through inclusion of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol-substituted diphenol compound in a polycarbonate backbone and a method of preparing the same. The polycarbonate is polymerized by comprising a diphenol mixture and a carbonate precursor, the diphenol mixture comprising an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol-substituted diphenol compound according to Formula 1 and a bisphenol compound.

Abstract: A method for adding an additive into a polymer melt, preferably a polyester polymer melt such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), comprising: a. discharging a polymer melt from a reactor to form a discharged polymer melt stream, and b. solidifying said discharged polymer melt stream, and c. prior to solidification, feeding a portion of the discharged polymer melt stream to a slipstream to form a slipstream polymer melt, and d. feeding an additive into said slipstream polymer melt to form an additive containing slipstream, and e. feeding the additive containing slipstream to a location upstream from the feed location forming said slipstream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyimide film, which is colorless and transparent, and which prevents the distortion of an image and exhibits excellent color reproducibility.

Abstract: Branched and hyperbranched oligomers and polymers that contain a cashew nutshell oil or liquid component are provided. The novel oligomers and polymers are suitable for use as an oil, lubricant, coating, adhesive, resin or composite.

Abstract: A process for thermal separation of a solution comprised of a thermoplastic polymer and a solvent involves heating a solvent under pressure above a critical point of the solvent; decompressing the heated solvent in a first vessel, such that a polymer-rich and a low-polymer phase form; and supplying the polymer-rich phase to a second vessel. In embodiments, on entry into the second vessel, a pressure jump occurs, the pressure jump leading to a thermal flash in the second vessel such that a polymer part of the polymer-rich phase rises to at least 70%, and a resulting polymer-rich solution is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a protective agent suitable to protect the human skin against toxic materials, particularly against chemicals with nucleophilic sites. The active moiety is a polyanhydride derivative. The active transdermal retardant offers a barrier property and chemically and/or physically reacts with harmful chemicals to decrease percutaneous absorption. In the preferred embodiments, polyanhydride in its low molecular weight form reduced flux of nicotine and nitrofurazone significantly. Additionally, polyanhydride in its high molecular weight form prevented nicotine absorption and decreased nitrofurazone permeation dramatically. Moreover, the polyanhydride in its high molecular weight form reduced nitroglycerin flux to a lesser extent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water and solvent-free polymers, in particular water and solvent-free synthetic rubber products like styrene butadiene rubber products and butadiene rubber products as well as a process for the production thereof. The invention further relates to a device suitable to accomplish said process.

Abstract: The present invention provides new classes of phenolic compounds derived from hydroxyacids and tyrosol or tyrosol analogues, useful as monomers for preparation of biocompatible polymers, and the biocompatible polymers prepared from these monomeric hydroxyacid-phenolic compounds, including novel biodegradable and/or bioresorbable polymers. These biocompatible polymers or polymer compositions with enhanced bioresorbabilty and processibility are useful in a variety of medical applications, such as in medical devices and controlled-release therapeutic formulations. The invention also provides methods for preparing these monomeric hydroxyacid-phenolic compounds and biocompatible polymers.

Abstract: A polyetherimide manufactured by reaction of an alkali metal salt of a dihydroxy aromatic compound of the formula MO—Z—OM wherein M is an alkali metal salt and Z is an aromatic C6-24 monocyclic or polycyclic moiety optionally substituted with 1 to 6 C1-8 alkyl groups, 1 to 8 halogen atoms, or a combination thereof, with a bis(halophthalimide) composition comprising, based on the weight of the bis(halophthalimide) composition, from more than 45 to less than 75 weight percent of a 3,3?-bis(halophthalimide) of the formula less than 10 weight percent of a 3,4?-bis(halophthalimide) of the formula and from more than 45 to less than 75 weight percent of a (4,4?-bis(halophthalimide) of the formula

Abstract: The invention provides halogen-free, bisphenol triazole resins and polymers having exceptional flame retarding properties, related compositions and methods of making and use thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polyester toner resin comprising a natural phenol used in manufacturing a toner for imaging devices.

Abstract: We disclose methods and compositions for preparation of stimuli-responsive plastics that are capable of responding to chemical and/or physical signals in their environment. In one embodiment the plastics consist of patterned mixtures of poly(phthalaldehyde) polymers in which each polymer contains a different end-capping group (also called a “trigger”), responsive to a different signal. Other embodiments use different polymers and different triggers. The plastics may be homogeneous in composition, but each polymer within the plastic is capable of responding to a different signal and depolymerizing once this signal reacts with the trigger. This process of depolymerization enables the plastic to alter its physical features non-linearly to external signals: i.e., the degree of change in physical form is much larger than the intensity of the initial signal.

Abstract: A photoalignment compound is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, wherein “x” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 4, each of R1 and R2 represents —(CH2)n—, “n” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 6, at least one of the (—CH2-)s in R1 is replaceable with R3 represents —(CH2)mCH3, “m” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 12, each hydrogen atom of R3 is replaceable with F or Cl, R4 represents an amino group, aniline group, carboxy group, hydroxyl group, cyano group, alkylene group, or functional groups being represented by the following Chemical Formulas 2, 3, 4, or 5, each hydrogen atom of Chemical Formula 1 is replaceable with —O(CH2)kCH3, —(CH2)kCH3, F, or Cl, and “k” represents an integer in a range of 1 to 3, or 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a retardation film using polyester having a photoelastic coefficient of ?40×10?12 Pa?1 to 40×10?12 Pa?1. The present invention also relates to a polyester resin for optical use which contains a phosphorus compound, and an alicyclic component and a fluorene derivative component as constituents, and satisfies the following equations (6) and (7): 100° C.?glass transition temperature?150° C.??(6) and 1.0?(Ma/2+Mb+Mc)/P?5.0??(7), wherein Ma is the number of moles of an alkali metal element contained in 1 ton of the polyester resin, Mb is the number of moles of an alkaline earth metal element contained in 1 ton of the polyester resin, Mc is the sum of the number of moles of a zinc element (Zn), a cobalt element (Co) and a manganese element (Mn) contained in 1 ton of the polyester resin, and P is the number of moles of a phosphorus element contained in 1 ton of the polyester resin.

Abstract: A polyester resin for a toner including: a repeating unit derived from a dicarboxylic acid component; and a repeating unit derived from a diol component represented by Formula 1: wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of L1, L2 and L3 independently represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of carbonyl groups, ester groups, ether groups, sulfonyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted chained alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted arylene groups, and combinations thereof, L1 and L2 or L1 and L3 optionally forms a ring, and each of A1 and A2 independently represents a rosin ester group, wherein the solubility parameter (SP) value is from 9.1 to 9.7.

Abstract: Oxetane-containing compounds, and compositions of oxetane-containing compounds together with carboxylic acids, latent carboxylic acids, and/or compounds having carboxylic acid and latent carboxylic acid functionality are provided. The oxetane-containing compounds and compositions thereof are useful as adhesives, sealants and encapsulants, particularly for components, and in the assembly, of LED devices.