Abstract: A method is provided for producing carbon dioxide by combusting a carbonaceous fuel with oxygen or with a gas mixture containing more than 25 mol % of oxygen obtaining a flue gas mixture, wherein the flue gas mixture is processed obtaining a secondary gas mixture containing carbon dioxide and oxygen, and wherein a part of the oxygen contained in the secondary gas mixture is catalytically reacted with a first auxiliary fuel in a reactor system comprising a series of multiple reactors, obtaining further carbon dioxide and water. A further part of the oxygen contained in the secondary gas mixture is catalytically reacted with a second auxiliary fuel in the reactor system. A corresponding apparatus is also described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein in a method of forming a metal oxide film, which can provide a high-quality metal oxide film while enhancing production efficiency. The method includes the steps of: turning a raw-material solution having a metallic element into a mist, to obtain a raw-material solution mist; turning a reaction aiding solution into a mist, to obtain an aiding-agent mist; feeding the raw-material solution mist and the aiding-agent mist into a mixing vessel, thereby mixing the raw-material solution mist and the aiding-agent mist, to obtain a mixed mist; and feeding the mixed mist onto a back surface of a substrate which is heated, to obtain a metal oxide film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a strontium magnesium molybdenum oxide material having perovskite structure and the method for preparing the same. Citric acid is adopted as the chelating agent. By using sol-gel pyrolysis and replacing a portion of strontium in Sr2MgMoO6-? by cerium and a portion of magnesium by copper, a material with a chemical formula of Sr2-xCexMg1-yCuyMoO6-? is produced, where 0?x<2, 0<y<1, and 0<?<6. Thereby, the electrical conductivity of the material is improved. The perovskite-type cerium- and copper-replaced strontium magnesium molybdenum oxide significantly increases the electrical conductivity of the material and can be applied as the anode material for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an oxide catalyst comprising Mo, V, Sb, and Nb for use in a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or a gas-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, the method comprising: a preparation step of preparing a first aqueous mixed solution containing Mo, V, and Sb; a mixing step of mixing the first aqueous mixed solution with a support raw material comprising silica sol, and a Nb raw material to obtain a second aqueous mixed solution; a drying step of drying the second aqueous mixed solution to obtain a dry powder; and a calcination step of calcining the dry powder to obtain the oxide catalyst, wherein the support raw material comprises 25% by mass or more, based on SiO2, of the silica sol having an average primary particle size of 3.0 nm or larger and smaller than 11 nm based on a total amount of the support raw material, and the silica sol comprises 55% or more of silica sol particles having a primary particle size of smaller than 11 nm.

Abstract: The application concerns a process comprising: (A) contacting a gas comprising oxygen, propane and propylene with at least one catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert the propylene into a final product comprising acrylic acid; (B) feeding said final product to a separation column, in which the final product is split into a liquid stream, which is rich in acrylic acid, and a gaseous by-product stream comprising propane and propylene in a volume ratio of from 99.9:0.1 to 95:5; (C) contacting the gaseous by-product stream with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to at least partially convert propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: A method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprising Mo, V. Nb, and a component X (Sb and/or Te) to be used in a vapor phase catalytic oxidation or ammoxidation of proprane, comprising the steps of: (I) preparing a raw material mixture solution by mixing Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol, and water; (II) obtaining a dry powder by drying the raw material mixture solution; and (III) obtaining a silica-supported catalyst by calcining the dry powder, wherein the silica sol contains 10 to 270 wt ppm of nitrate ions based on SiO2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel way to synthesize acrylonitrile from a renewable raw material and more particularly relates to a method for producing acrylonitrile by the ammoxidation of glycerol in gaseous phase. The method can be implemented in a single step, or the glycerol can be previously submitted to a dehydration step. The acrylonitrile thus obtained meets the requirements of green chemistry.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for preparing a mixed oxide catalyst for use in producing acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile from propane or isobutane by ammoxidation in a gaseous phase via methods of contacting any one of the antimony compound, the molybdenum compound, and the vanadium compound with hydrogen peroxide prior to combining with source compounds for the remaining elements in the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a calcination apparatus, including: a calcination tube having open ends at both terminals; a pair of hoods, each hood covering each open end of the calcination tube; and a pair of rings, each ring sealing a gap between the calcination tube and the hood, wherein the rings are directly or indirectly fixed on an outer surface of the calcination tube; a groove is provided along a circumferential direction of the ring at a contact surface side between the ring and the hood; a sealed chamber surrounded by the hood and the groove is formed; and both the calcination tube and the rings rotate in a circumferential direction of the calcination tube while keeping the hood in contact with both sides of the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a mixed solution, comprising a mixing vessel for preparing an aqueous mixed solution containing a dicarboxylic acid and a Nb compound and a filter for the aqueous mixed solution connected to the mixing vessel via a pipe, the mixing vessel being anticorrosive and equipped with a stirring unit, a heating unit and a cooling unit for the aqueous mixed solution, wherein the aqueous mixed solution prepared in the mixing vessel is fed to the filter via the pipe and filtered in the filter under increased pressure.

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated nitrile by a propane ammoxidation reaction, the method including: a step of measuring at least one physical property value selected from the group consisting of the normalized UV value and the reduction ratio of a catalyst contained in a reactor, and a step of maintaining or changing a reaction condition based on the measured physical property value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst, in which physical properties of a dried material or a calcined material in a production process of the catalyst are stable and a change in at least one of a catalyst activity and a selectivity to a target product is small and hence reproducibility of the catalyst is excellent. The present invention is a method for producing a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, which contains the steps of washing a surface of at least one device equipped in an apparatus for the production of catalyst, to which a solid matter adheres, with a basic solution, and producing the catalyst with the apparatus for the production of catalyst thus washed.

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated nitrile by subjecting propane to a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction using a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a composite oxide catalyst containing Mo, V, and Nb, the method comprising the step of: adding a tungsten compound into the fluidized bed reactor to adjust a molar ratio (W/Mo ratio) of tungsten contained in a tungsten compound to molybdenum contained in the composite oxide catalyst that exist within the fluidized bed reactor so that the molar ratio is in the range of 0.0001 to 0.1.

Abstract: A method for producing a complex oxide catalyst containing a complex oxide represented by the formula: Mo1VaSbbNbcWdZeOn (wherein a component Z represents an element such as La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y, Sc, Sr, and Ba; a, b, c, d, e, and n each represent an atomic ratio of an element to one Mo atom; 0.1?a?0.4, 0.1?b?0.4, 0.01?c?0.3, 0?d?0.2, and 0?e?0.1; an atomic ratio a/b is 0.85?a/b<1.0, and an atomic ratio a/c is 1.4<a/c<2.3.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a catalyst comprising a tank configured to prepare an aqueous mixed solution containing a Mo compound, a V compound and a Nb compound, a dryer configured to spray-dry the aqueous mixed solution, and a pipe for connecting the tank with the dryer so that the aqueous mixed solution can be supplied from the tank to the dryer, wherein a heater configured to heat the aqueous mixed solution is provided in the tank and/or the pipe, and a filter configured to filtrate the aqueous mixed solution is provided in the pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing an oxide catalyst for use in the gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or the like of propane or the like, the process comprising the steps of: (I) obtaining a preparation containing compounds of Mo, V, Nb, and Sb or Te at the predetermined atomic ratios; (II) drying the preparation to obtain a dry powder; and (III) calcining the dry powder, wherein the step (III) comprises the step of calcining the dry powder in the presence of a compound containing W in the form of a solid to obtain a pre-stage calcined powder or a mainly calcined powder, or the step of calcining the dry powder and calcining the obtained pre-stage calcined powder in the presence of the solid to obtain a mainly calcined powder, the solid satisfies the predetermined conditions, and the oxide catalyst comprises a catalytic component having the predetermined composition.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a mixed catalyst for a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation or a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, capable of providing a corresponding unsaturated acid or unsaturated nitrile at high yield from propane or isobutane. A mixed catalyst for a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane comprises: (a) a composite oxide represented by the following composition formula (1): Mo1VaNbbSbcWdZeOn??(1) wherein Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y, Sc, Sr, and Ba; each of a, b, c, d, e, and n represents an atomic ratio of each element based on Mo atom; a is in a range of 0.01?a?1; b is in a range of 0.01?b?1; c is in a range of 0.01?c?1; d is in a range of 0.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficiently removing the exuded substance and/or the attached substance on the surface of a catalyst (catalyst surface substance) from the catalyst is provided. The apparatus comprising a main body, the apparatus for removing a catalyst surface substance present on a surface of a catalyst from the catalyst by bringing a gas flow into contact with the catalyst housed in the main body, wherein a gas flow length in a flow direction of the gas flow is 55 mm or more, and an average flow velocity of the gas flow is 80 m/s or more and 500 m/s or less in terms of a linear velocity at 15° C. and 1 atm.

Abstract: A honeycomb body is disclosed having cells extending along a common direction, a first plurality of the cells being open at both ends of the body and a second plurality of the cells being closed at one or both ends of the body, the second plurality of cells arranged in one or more groups of cells cooperating to define one or more fluid passages extending through the body at least in part perpendicularly to the common direction, wherein, in a plane perpendicular to the common direction, the ratio of the area of cells of the first plurality to the area of cells of the second plurality varies along the length of at least one of the one or more fluid passages.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silica-supported catalyst having excellent wear resistance, by which an object product can be obtained with excellent yield. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a silica-supported catalyst which contains Mo, V, Nb and component X (that is Sb and/or Te), and is used in a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane. The method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprises: (I) a step wherein Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol and water are mixed, thereby preparing a starting material blended solution; (II) a step wherein the starting material blended solution is dried, thereby obtaining a dried powder; and (III) a step wherein the dried powder is tired, thereby obtaining a silica-supported catalyst. In the method for producing a silica-supported catalyst, the silica sol contains 10-270 ppm by weight of nitrate ions relative to SiO2.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for preparing a mixed oxide catalyst for use in producing acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile from propane or isobutane by ammoxidation in a gaseous phase via methods of contacting any one of the antimony compound, the molybdenum compound, and the vanadium compound with hydrogen peroxide prior to combining with source compounds for the remaining elements in the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrocyanic acid containing bioresource carbon, and to a method for producing a raw material mainly containing the same by reacting ammonia with methane or methanol optionally in the presence of air and/or oxygen, characterized in that at least one of the reagents selected from ammonia, methane and methanol is obtained from a biomass. The invention also relates to the uses of the raw material for producing acetone cyanohydrin, adiponitrile, methionine or methionine hydroxyl-analog, and sodium cyanide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved alkane (amm)oxidation process in which sulfur-bearing impurities present in the alkane feedstock are removed upstream from the (amm)oxidation reaction.

Abstract: An ammonia converter and method are disclosed. The reactor can alter the conversion of ammonia by controlling the reaction temperature of the exothermic reaction along the length of the reactor to parallel the equilibrium curve for the desired product. The reactor 100 can comprise a shell 101 and internal catalyst tubes 109. The feed gas stream enters the reactor, flows through the shell 101, and is heated by indirect heat exchange with the catalyst tubes 109. The catalyst tubes 109 comprise reactive zones 122 having catalyst and reaction limited zones 124 that can comprise inert devices that function to both separate the reactive zones, increase heat transfer area, and reduce the temperature of the reaction mixture as the effluent passes through the catalyst tube 109.

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of a saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon to produce an unsaturated nitrile, said process comprising contacting the saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon with ammonia and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising molybdenum, vanadium, antimony, niobium, tellurium, optionally at least one element select from the group consisting of titanium, tin, germanium, zirconium, hafnium, and optionally at least one lanthanide selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. Such catalysts are characterized by very low levels of tellurium in the composition. Such catalyst compositions are effective for the gas-phase conversion of propane to acrylonitrile and isobutane to methacrylonitrile (via ammoxidation).

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a nitrogen-containing compound, comprising the steps of: a) bringing N2, optionally NH3 and optionally a recycle stream together with a carbon- and hydrogen-containing compound or a carbon-containing compound and H2 to form a reaction mixture, whereby the ammonia in the reaction mixture, if present, originates for at least 30 wt. % from the recycle stream; b) bringing the reaction mixture in contact with a catalyst at a temperature lying between 200° C. and 800° C. and at a space velocity lying between 102 and 106 ml/(g.h), said catalyst containing a metal M1 on a support, M1 being chosen from the group consisting of metals in group 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements or mixtures thereof, whereby the nitrogen-containing compound is formed; c) optionally separating, subsequent to step b), a portion of between 1 and 99 vol. % off from the reaction mixture, said portion being the recycle stream.

Abstract: A process for producing a high-performance catalyst for use in a reaction for acrylic acid production from propane or propylene through air oxidation, is provided. A process for producing a metal oxide catalyst having the following composition formula, the process comprising the following steps (1) and (2): MoViAjBkCxOy??Composition formula (wherein A is Te or Sb; B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, and Ti; C is Si or Ge; i and j each are 0.01-1.5 and j/i is from 0.3 to 1.0; k is 0.001-3.0; x is 0.002-0.

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon to form an unsaturated nitrile, the process including the steps of contacting the hydrocarbon with ammonia, an oxygen-containing gas, and steam, in the presence of a mixed oxide catalyst.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated nitrites from their corresponding C3 to C5 alkanes, or mixtures of C3 to C5 alkanes and alkenes, that involves a multi-stage reaction system which employs both separation of the oxidation product from one or more intermediate effluent streams, as well as feeding additional oxygen to reaction zones subsequent to the first reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of a saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon to produce an unsaturated nitrile, said process comprising contacting the saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon with ammonia and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising molybdenum, vanadium, antimony, niobium, tellurium, optionally at least one element select from the group consisting of titanium, tin, germanium, zirconium, hafnium, and optionally at least one lanthanide selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. Such catalyst compositions are effective for the gas-phase conversion of propane to acrylonitrile and isobutane to methacrylonitrile (via ammoxidation).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved alkane (amm)oxidation process in which sulfur-bearing impurities present in the alkane feedstock are removed upstream from the (amm)oxidation reaction.

Abstract: Multimetal oxide materials which contain Mo and V and, if required, one or more of the elements from the group consisting of lanthanides, transition elements of the Periodic Table of the Elements and elements of the third to sixth main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and which are prepared in the presence of an alkali metal other than Li and have the i-phase structure are used as active material in catalysts for partial gas-phase oxidations.

Abstract: A process for reacting in a fluid bed reactor at least one oxidisable reactant with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalytically active fluidised bed of solid particles. In the process a molecular oxygen-containing gas having an oxygen concentration greater than that of air is introduced into the fluidised bed whilst the fluidised bed is maintained in a turbulent regime. The process is suitable for oxidation, ammoxidation and carboxylation processes, including the production of maleic anhydride, acrylonitrile, ethylene, acetic acid and vinyl acetate.

Abstract: A process fro producing fro producing a high-performance catalyst for use in a reaction for acrylic acid production from propane or propylene through air oxidation, is provided. A process for producing a metal oxide catalyst having the following composition formula, the process comprising the following steps (1) and (2): Composition formula MoViAjBkCxOy (wherein A is Te or Sb; B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, and Ti; C is Si or Ge; i and j each are 0.01-1.5 and j/i is from 0.3 to 1.0; k is 0.001-3.0; x is 0.002-0.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising molybdenum, vanadium, and antimony, and at least one other element selected from the group consisting of praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. Such catalyst compositions are effective for the gas-phase conversion of propane to acrylonitrile and isobutane to methacrylonitrile (via ammoxidation).

Abstract: Mesoporous aluminum oxides with high surface areas have been synthesized using inexpensive, small organic templating agents instead of surfactants. Optionally, some of the aluminum can be framework-substituted by one or more other elements. The material has high thermal stability and possesses a three-dimensionally randomly connected mesopore network with continuously tunable pore sizes. This material can be used as catalysts for dehydration, hydrotreating, hydrogenation, catalytic reforming, steam reforming, amination, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and Diels-Alder synthesis, etc.

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of a saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon to produce an unsaturated nitrile, said process comprising contacting the saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon with ammonia and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising molybdenum, vanadium, antimony, niobium, tellurium, optionally at least one element select from the group consisting of titanium, tin, germanium, zirconium, hafnium, and optionally at least one lanthanide selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. Such catalysts are characterized by very low levels of tellurium in the composition. Such catalyst compositions are effective for the gas-phase conversion of propane to acrylonitrile and isobutane to methacrylonitrile (via ammoxidation).

Abstract: A process for the ammoxidation of a saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon to produce an unsaturated nitrile, said process comprising contacting the saturated or unsaturated or mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon with ammonia and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising molybdenum, vanadium, antimony, niobium, tellurium, optionally at least one element select from the group consisting of titanium, tin, germanium, zirconium, hafnium, and optionally at least one lanthanide selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. Such catalyst compositions are effective for the gas-phase conversion of propane to acrylonitrile and isobutane to methacrylonitrile (via ammoxidation).

Abstract: An orthorhombic phase mixed metal oxide is produced selectively in quantitative yield and used to produce.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of unreacted ammonia from the effluent from a reaction zone used to produce acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile comprising quenching the reactor effluent with an aqueous solution of ammonium phosphate in at least two stages, thereby capturing the ammonia component of the effluent. The captured ammonia may be recovered by heating the aqueous ammonium phosphate, which then may be recycled. Contaminants present in the aqueous ammonium phosphate may be removed, for example by solvent extraction or wet oxidation, prior to recycle.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oxide catalyst comprising an oxide represented by the formula Mo1VaNbbXcYdZeQfOn (wherein: X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te and Sb; Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al and W; Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements which individually form an oxide having a rutile structure and a Z oxide having a rutile structure is used as a source of Z for producing the catalyst; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of titanium, tin, germanium, lead, tantalum, ruthenium, rhenium, rhodium, iridium, platinum, chromium, manganese, technetium, osmium, iron, arsenic, cerium, cobalt, magnesium, nickel and zinc, and a Q compound not having a rutile structure is used as a source of Q for producing the catalyst; and a, b, c, d, e, f and n are, respectively, the atomic ratios of V, Nb, X, Y, Z, Q and O, relative to Mo).

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a complex of catalytic oxides comprising rubidium, cerium, chromium, iron, bismuth, molybdenum, and at least one of nickel or nickel and cobalt, optionally magnesium, and optionally one of phosphorus, antimony, tellurium, sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, thallium, boron, germanium, tungsten calcium, wherein the relative ratios of these elements are represented by the following general formula: RbaCebCrcMgdAeFefBigYhMo12Ox wherein A is Ni or the combination of Ni and Co, Y is at least one of P, Sb, Te, Li, Na, K, Cs, Tl, B, Ge, W, Ca, Zn, a rare earth element, or mixtures thereof, a is about 0.01 to about 1, b is about 0.01 to about 3, c is about 0.01 to about 2, d is 0 to about 7, e is about 0.01 to about 10, f is about 0.01 to about 4, g is about 0.

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid comprises: (a) contacting, in a reaction zone, an alkane with a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide, under conditions which produce a product gas comprising the unsaturated carboxylic acid, unreacted alkane and a product alkene; (b) recovering unreacted alkane and product alkene from the product gas; and (c) recycling the recovered unreacted alkane and product alkene to the reaction zone; wherein the mixed metal oxide consists of a material having the formula AaMmNnXxOo wherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten, wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of vanadium, cerium and chromium, wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of tellurium, bismuth and selenium, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel,

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide is useful for the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated carboxylic acid and for the vapor phase ammoxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated nitrile.

Abstract: Unsaturated carboxylic acids are produced by the vapor phase catalytic oxidation of mixtures of alkenes and alkanes in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide. Similarly, unsaturated nitriles are produced by the vapor phase catalytic oxidation of alkenes or mixtures of alkenes and alkanes and ammonia in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide.

Abstract: A process for increasing the yield of acetonitrile produced during the manufacture of acrylonitrile comprising introducing a hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of propylene and propane, a carboxylic acid, ammonia and air into a reaction zone containing an ammoxidation catalyst, reacting the hydrocarbon, carboxylic acid, ammonia and oxygen over said catalyst at an elevated temperature to produce acrylonitrile, hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile, and recovering the acrylonitrile, hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile from the reactor.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising a complex of catalytic oxides of iron, bismuth, molybdenum, cobalt, cerium, antimony, at least one of nickel or magnesium, and at least one of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or thallium, and characterized by the following empirical formula: AaBbCcFedBieCofCegSbhMomOx wherein A is at least one of Cr, P, Sn, Te, B, Ge, Zn, In, Mn, Ca, W, or mixtures thereof B is at least one of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Tl, or mixtures thereof C is least one of Ni, Mg or mixtures thereof a is 0 to 4.0 b is 0.01 to 1.5 c is 1.0 to 10.0 d is 0.1 to 5.0 e is 0.1 to 2.0 f is 0.1 to 10.0 g is 0.1 to 2.0 h is 0.1 to 2.0 m is 12.0 to 18.0 and x is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present. The catalyst is useful in processes for the ammoxidation of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and mixtures thereof, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sold catalyst for manufacturing of a nitrile compound and a method of preparation thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to the solid catalyst expressed by the following formula (1): BiaAaBbQqOx][(100-z) % DdEeFefNigMomOy+z % SiO2] comprising a core catalytic phase expressed by [(100-z) %=DdEeFefNigMomOy+z % SiO2] and a shell catalytic phase expressed by [BinAaBbQqOx], which increases a yield in the manufacturing of a nitrile compound via ammoxidation of olefin, and the method of preparation thereof.

Abstract: An improved catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide is prepared by the use of a sol-gel technique. The catalyst is useful for the conversion of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, to an unsaturated carboxylic acid by vapor phase oxidation, or to an unsaturated nitrile by vapor phase oxidation in the presence of ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for gas-solid contacting in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor by: (a) introducing into a reactor with bed length to bed diameter ratio below about 5.