Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for preparing alkoxyamines resulting from ?-phosphorated nitroxides corresponding to the formula (I): by reaction with a halogenated derivative in the presence of an organometallic system. This process comprises carrying out the reaction in a water-miscible organic solvent and precipitating the alkoxyamine directly from the organic medium by adding an aqueous solution of a strong acid. These alkoxyamines can be used in particular as radical polymerizations initiators.

Abstract: An intermediate for preparing (meth)acrylated photoinitiators according to Formula (I): wherein: R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a methyl group; A represents a group including at least one photoinitiating moiety; L represents a n+o-valent linking group including at least one carbon atom; n and o each independently represent an integer from 1 to 4; p is equal to 0 or 1; X represents a group selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, and R2SO3; and R2 represents an optionally substituted group selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkaryl group-, an aralkyl group, an aryl group and a heteroaryl group. Also, a method for the preparation of (meth)acrylated photoinitiators by ?-elimination of HX from the intermediate according to Formula (I).

Abstract: There is provided a novel optically active dinickel complex and/or a production method of an optically active amine by an asymmetric Mannich reaction using the dinickel complex as a catalyst. An optically active dinickel complex of Formula (I) or Formula (I?): [where R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or a C1-10 alkoxy group, etc., R2 and R3 together form, together with a benzene ring bonded to them, a naphthalene ring, etc. A novel production method of an optically active amine by an asymmetric Mannich reaction using the dinickel complex as a catalyst.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a deep-ultraviolet-transmitting epoxy resin cured product having high heat resistance and high resistance to deep-ultraviolet light, and to provide a curing accelerator and an epoxy resin composition which are used for producing the epoxy resin cured product. The curing accelerator for deep-ultraviolet-transmitting epoxy resins comprises a tetraalkylphosphonium dialkyl phosphate represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 each represent an alkyl group or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group, which has 1 to 8 carbon atoms and is linear, branched, or alicyclic; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 may be the same or different. Also disclosed are an epoxy resin composition comprising the curing accelerator and an epoxy resin cured product obtained by curing the resin composition.

Abstract: A surface-modified nanodiamond includes a base nanodiamond, and at least one polyglycerol-chain-containing group present on at least a surface portion of the base nanodiamond, in which the polyglycerol-chain-containing group is represented by following Formula (1): —X—R ??(1) wherein X represents single bond, —NH—, —O—, —COO—, —PH(?O)O—, or —S—; and R represents a polyglyceryl group. X may be single bond or —NH—. The surface-modified nanodiamond is highly soluble or dispersible satisfactorily stably in water and/or polar organic solvents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for modifying an inorganic substrate, directed toward giving it antimicrobial properties, said process consisting in grafting in one or more steps onto a surface of said substrate groups with intrinsic antimicrobial properties or groups capable of releasing species with antimicrobial properties. The grafting is performed by means of an organophosphorus coupling agent. A subject of the invention is similarly a substrate obtained by this process, as well as diverse uses of such a substrate.

Abstract: A method for efficiently producing L-2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-butanoic acid, useful as a herbicide, by a catalytic asymmetric synthesis reaction with a high asymmetric yield. The method includes a step in which a compound represented by the below formula (1) and a benzylamine are reacted in the presence of dehydrating agent, then the resulting mass is reacted with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of an asymmetric catalyst, followed by acid hydrolysis, further followed by elimination of a protective group. [chemical formula 1] (1) (where, R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl group).

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: The application relates to the use of a salt associating an ammonium cation with an alkyl H-phosphonate anion of the following formula (I) in which R is a hydrocarbon radical, the pointed bond can be present or not, the radical R3 being then present or absent, as an ionic liquid. The ammonium cation is preferably an imidazolium cation. This ionic liquid is particularly useful in the field of green chemistry as a substitute for organic solvents. The application also relates to a method for preparing such a salt by the direct dealkylation of the corresponding dialkylphosphite by the appropriate nitrated base, in one step and without any solvent. The application also relates to a method for preparing mixed methylated phosphites.

Abstract: A phosphorylcholine group-containing compound that is a structure having a phosphorylcholine group represented by the following formula 1 and an amino group or a group derived from an amino group in an identical compound. (In the formula, m is 2 or more and 6 or less and p is 1 or 2. Each of X1, X2 and X3 is an alkyl group whose carbon number is 1 or more and 6 or less.

Abstract: Described herein are novel compounds having antineoplastic and antimicrobial activity, obtained via structural modifications of resveratrol and combretastatin A-4, methods for synthesis of these compounds, and their use in pharmaceutical composition and for use in the treatment of mammals having cancer. Examples of the novel compounds are: (Z)- and (E)-3,4?,5-trimethoxystilbene (4a, 4b); (Z)- and (E)-3,5-dimethoxy-4?-hydroxystilbene (14c, 14d); (Z)- and (E)-3-hydroxy-4?,5-dimethoxystilbene (14g, 14h); (Z)- and (E)-3,5-dihydroxy-4?-methoxy-stilbene (14k, 14l); sodium resverastatin dibenzyl phosphate ((Z)-3,5-dimethoxy-4-[O-bis(benzyl)phosphoryl]-stilbene) (14m); and sodium resverastatin phosphate (14n).

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: This invention provides improved methods for the derivatization and solubilization of fullerenes, which are particularly useful for those fullerenes that are normally insoluble and which are specifically applied, among others, to endohedral fullerenes, including endohedral metallofullerenes; empty fullerenes, including small-bandgap fullerenes and other insoluble fullerenes and to very high molecular weight fullerenic materials generated in fullerenic soot, including giant fullerenes, fullerenic polymers, carbon nanotubes and metal-carbon nanoencapsulates. More specifically the invention relates to improved methods for cyclopropanation of fullerenes. Specific reaction conditions are provided which allow for cyclopropanation reactions to be successfully performed for the first time on insoluble classes of fullerenes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds that contain PNA units substituted with phosphonic acid ester functions or phosphonic acid functions, and have at least one chiral center. The compounds may be used for the treatment of viral diseases, such as AIDS.

Abstract: To provide a novel crystal of 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate having a high thermal stability, a high melting point, and an excellent moisture absorption resistance as well as a process for producing the same. A crystal of 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate, which shows characteristic peaks at 7.9°±0.2°, 15.8°±0.2°, 18.9°±0.2°, 20.7°±0.2°, 21.1°±0.2°, 21.4°±0.2°, 22.9°±0.2°, 33.1°±0.2°, and 34.8±0.2° as diffraction angles 2? in a powder X-ray diffraction, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A method for efficiently producing L-2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-butanoic acid, useful as a herbicide, by a catalytic asymmetric synthesis reaction with a high asymmetric yield. The method includes a step in which a compound represented by the below formula (1) and a benzylamine are reacted in the presence of dehydrating agent, then the resulting mass is reacted with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of an asymmetric catalyst, followed by acid hydrolysis, further followed by elimination of a protective group. [chemical formula 1] (1) (where, R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of onium salts with dialkylphosphate, dialkylphosphinate or (O-alkyl)alkyl- or alkylphosphonate anions by reaction of an onium halide with a triallyl phosphate, alkyl dialkylphosphinate, dialkyl alkylphosphonate or trialkylsilyl ester or mixed alkyl trialkylsilyl ester of phosphoric, dialkylphosphinic or alkylphosphonic acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sterically hindered phenolic phosphonate resin compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1. The present invention also provides a polycarbonate resin composition including the sterically hindered phenolic phosphonate resin compound as a flame retardant. wherein R1 is a C1-C6 alkyl group or a C6-C14 aryl group; each R2 is independently a C1-C6 linear alkyl group or a C3-C6 branched alkyl group; and each n is independently 1-3.

Abstract: A process for making water-soluble phosphonooxymethyl ethers of hindered alcohol and phenol containing pharmaceuticals, such as camptothecin, propofol, etoposide, Vitamin E and Cyclosporin A. In particular, the process for preparing water-soluble phosphonooxymethyl derivatives comprises the steps of: R—OH represents an alcohol- or phenol-containing drug, n represents an integer of 1 or 2, R1 is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, and R2 is hydrogen, an alkali metal ion, or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a deep-ultraviolet-transmitting epoxy resin cured product having high heat resistance and high resistance to deep-ultraviolet light, and to provide a curing accelerator and an epoxy resin composition which are used for producing the epoxy resin cured product. The curing accelerator for deep-ultraviolet-transmitting epoxy resins comprises a tetraalkylphosphonium dialkyl phosphate represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 each represent an alkyl group or an alkyl group having a hydroxyl group, which has 1 to 8 carbon atoms and is linear, branched, or alicyclic; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 may be the same or different. Also disclosed are an epoxy resin composition comprising the curing accelerator and an epoxy resin cured product obtained by curing the resin composition.

Abstract: A process for alkylating a phosphorus-containing compound to provide an alkylated phosphorus-containing compound is provided which comprises alkylating 5 phosphorus-containing compound possessing at least one phosphorus-hydrogen alkylatable site with reactant which generates alkene and/or cycloalkene alkylating agent in situ in the presence of initiator, the alkylene and/or cycloalkylene alkylating agent alkylating the phosphorus-containing component to provide alkylated phosphorus-containing product.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and devices for the detection of anti-lipoidal antibodies and the diagnosis of disease, for example, syphilis, are described. In particular, oxidized cardiolipins, which may be conjugated with a variety of attachment molecules, such as BSA, KLH, biotin, synthetic protein MAPS, IgY, streptavidin, or avidin, are described. Such oxidized cardiolipin, alone or complexed with one or more attachment molecules, are useful to detect anti-lipoidal antibodies in subjects, for example, when used in lateral flow devices. Lateral flow devices are described that permit the detection of anti-lipoidal antibodies and that permit the co-detection of nontreponemal and treponemal antibodies in biological samples.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of (?-aminoalkylamino)alkyl halides, their conversion to S-?-(?-aminoalkylamino)alkyl phosphothioates, and purification of the crystalline products of the reaction. The preparation process for the (?-aminoalkylamino)alkyl halides comprises contacting an appropriate alcohol with a brominating agent in the presence of a sulfone solvent under temperature and pressure conditions suitable to effect salt formation without subsequent premature precipitation. The process is especially useful for converting (?-aminoalkylamino)ethyl alcohol to amifostine.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention include methods of synthesizing phosphocholine analogues and the phosphocholine conjugates formed therefrom and their use in preventing infections caused by microorganisms.

Abstract: Flavan-based and spirodichroman compound-based phosphate esters prepared by reacting flavans and spirodichroman compounds with phosphorus oxychloride, monophenyl dichlorophosphate, or diphenyl chlorophosphate compounds are described. The flavans and spirodichroman compounds can be synthesized by the reaction of resorcinol with aliphatic acetone. Such phosphate esters can be used as flame retardants.

Abstract: Resorcinol carbonate-based phosphate esters are prepared by reacting resorcinol carbonates with phosphorous oxychloride or a chlorophosphate. The resorcinol carbonates can be synthesized by the reaction of resorcinol with phosgene or diphenyl carbonate. The resorcinol carbonate-based phosphate esters can be used as flame retardants and perhaps flowing agents.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of novel surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers by derivatization of olefins having from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms or of mixtures of such olefins to give alkanols, and optional subsequent alkoxylation, which comprises subjecting a C4-olefin mixture to metathesis, dimerizing the resulting olefins, and then derivatizing them to give surfactant alcohols, and optionally alkoxylating said alcohols. The olefin mixture obtained in the dimerization has a high proportion of branched components and less than 10% by weight of compounds which contain a vinylidene group. invention further describes the use of the surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers to give surfactants by glycosylation or polyglycosylation, sulfation or phosphation.

Abstract: A process for making water-soluble phosphonooxymethyl ethers of hindered alcohol and phenol containing pharmaceuticals, such as camptothecin, propofol, etoposide, Vitamin E and Cyclosporin A.

Abstract: A derivative of phosphoric acid ester salt or adduct or a mixture thereof is obtained from a reaction product, polycondensed with at least one aldehyde, of at least one polyol phosphoric acid ester with at least one organic nitrogen base. The derivative is advantageously used as a flame-inhibiting and/or intumescent treatment in plastic mouldings, on porous carriers or in paint or coating systems. The production of the derivative or a mixture thereof by reacting at least one polyol with phosphorus pentoxide and reacting the polyol phosphoric acid ester obtained in that way with at least one organic nitrogen base forming a phosphoric acid ester salt or adduct, is characterized in that the amount of phosphorus pentoxide required for the esterification operation is suspended in an amount of the ester or ester mixture to be produced, then at a temperature in the range of 20–180° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of alkoxyamines of formula (I): for the preparation of polymerized or non-polymerized mono- or polyalkoxyamines of formula (II):

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: A novel process for preparation of alkenylphosphine oxides or alkenylphosphinic acid esters provided by which the objective compounds can be easily, safely and efficiently synthesized and easily separated and purified with little formation of by-products. Specifically, a process of conducting the addition reaction of an easily available secondary phosphine oxide or hydrogen phosphinic acid ester with an acetylene compound with a catalyst containing a Group 9 or 10 metal of the periodic table to thereby obtain the corresponding alkenylphosphine oxide or alkenylphosphinic acid ester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing O,O-dialkyl S-[2-(alkylthio)alkyl] phosphorodithioates by treating O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids with a base in the substantial absence of organic solvent to obtain O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid salts that are in turn treated with thioalcohol derivatives to form the O,O-dialkyl S-[2-(alkylthio)alkyl] phosphorodithioates.

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new chemical compound known as hexa-citrated phytate and a method of production thereof. The new chemical compound has six citrate molecules attached at the hydroxyl group of a citric acid to phosphates of a phytate molecule. This new chemical compound is a very effective oral chelator maintaining metals and metalloids in the saline solution of blood. The new chemical compound is also very effective in dissolving artery plaque, as well as copper, zinc and iron.

Abstract: Novel alkenylphosphonic acid esters of the following general formula (I): R1CH?CR2[P(O)(OCR3R4CR5R6O)]??(I) and a simple process for the preparation thereof are provided by the use of secondary cyclic phosphonic acid esters as the starting material.

Abstract: The wall thickness of lipid microtubules are controlled by selecting a methanol/water system and determining the required amount of a lipid to form the desired wall thickness. The lipid is dissolved in a small portion of the heated methanol and that clear solution is added to the remaining amount of the heated methanol/water system. By slowly cooling the solution, microtubules are formed which have the desired wall thickness. Preferred microtubules have a wall thickness of just 2 bilayers and they are robust so they can be further coated. They can be made with a large aspect ratio and with lengths of greater than 250 microns. The process permits production of microtubules in very high yields.

Abstract: A facile synthesis of symmetric esters of C1-C10 alkylenebisphopsphonic acids is disclosed in which a C1-C10 alkylenebis(phosphonic dichloride) is reacted with an alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1H-tetrazole and a base in an aprotic solvent to form a first reaction mixture. The first reaction mixture is maintained for a time period sufficient to form a C1-C10 alkylenebis(chloro ester phosphonate) that is reacted under basic conditions with an excess of a hydroxylated compound to form a second reaction mixture that is itself maintained for a time period sufficient to form a C1-C10 alkylenebis(ester phosphonate) partial ester, homoleptic tetraester or mixed tetraester. The material so formed can be recovered or used as is.

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: This invention is directed to alkyl cobalt (III) dioximates and methods for making these dioximates.

Abstract: A process for the production of an organic phosphorus-containing product, which comprises reacting a phosphorus-containing oxide with an unsaturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a boron-containing compound at a temperature of less than or equal to 50° C.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel bicyclic tris(anhydride)s useful as intermediates in the synthesis of biologically active compounds, and the compounds which may be synthesized from such intermediates.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for mitigating neurodegeneration, effecting neuroprotection and/or effecting cognition enhancement in a subject are described. Neurological or cognitive conditions are treated by administering to a subject an effective amount of a therapeutic compound comprising a nitrate ester, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process allowing the preparation of a (dialkylphosphono)alkyl (meth)acrylate, corresponding to the formula: by reaction of an alkyl (meth)acrylate A of formula: with a dialkylphosphonated alcohol B of formula: in the presence of a catalyst comprising zirconium acetylacetonate.

Abstract: Novel alkenylphosphonic acid esters of the following general formula (I):

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the sulfurization of phosphorus-containing compounds which comprises contacting the phosphorus compound to be sulfurized with a sulfur transfer reagent of formula (I) 1

Abstract: The invention relates to solid phase processes for the systematic preparation of chemical compounds from the group of the phosphonous or phosphinic acids and/or derivatives thereof and the corresponding substance libraries which can be employed for test purposes, in particular tests for biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a menthol derivative represented by the following Formula 1 and a method for preparing the menthol derivative. The menthol derivative represented by the Formula 1 is prepared by reacting menthol and phosphorous oxychloride with an equivalence ratio of 1:1˜1.3 in an organic solvent in the presence of organic base to obtain dichloro[5-methyl-2(mehtylethyl)cylclohexyloxy]phosphino-1-one; and reacting above obtained dichloro[5-methyl-2(mehtylethyl)cylclohexyloxy]phosphino-1-one with 3-amino propanol in the organic solvent in the presence of the organic; then hydrolyzing and crystallizing the product with polar organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides improved methods for the derivatization and solubilization of fullerenes, which are particularly useful for those fullerenes that are normally insoluble and which are specifically applied, among others, to endohedral fullerenes, including endohedral metallofullerenes; empty fullerenes, including small-bandgap fullerenes and other insoluble fullerenes and to very high molecular weight fullerenic materials generated in fullerenic soot, including giant fullerenes, fullerenic polymers, carbon nanotubes and metal-carbon nanoencapsulates. More specifically the invention relates to improved methods for cyclopropanation of fullerenes. Specific reaction conditions are provided which allow for cyclopropanation reactions to be successfully performed for the first time on insoluble classes of fullerenes.