Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) in which Z, Y, A1, A2, A3, A4, X, R7, R8 and R9 have the meanings mentioned above, and processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof, and their use for controlling animal pests, in particular insects.

Abstract: There is provided a compound having a good miscibility with another liquid crystal compound and having a combination of a low viscosity (?), high storage stability, and high T?i even after being used to produce a liquid crystal composition. In particular, it is a compound having a 2-fluorophenyloxymethane structure is provided. Since the compound having a 2-fluorophenyloxymethane structure is highly miscible with another liquid crystal compound, using the compound having a 2-fluorophenyloxymethane structure as a component of a liquid crystal composition enables a production of a liquid crystal composition which exhibits a liquid crystal phase at low viscosity and in a wide temperature range and which has a high storage stability and enables production of a liquid crystal display device which responds fast and which has excellent display characteristics.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound having both a low viscosity (?) and good miscibility with another liquid crystal compound; it is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the same. It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal composition containing such a compound; it is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the compound is used. There are provided a compound represented by Formula (1), a liquid crystal composition containing such a compound, a liquid crystal device in which this liquid crystal composition is used, a method for producing the compound represented by Formula (1), and compounds represented by Formulae (4) and (5) that are materials used in such a method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical total synthesis methods of six novel protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitors and application of the inhibitors in the preparation of medicaments for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The PTP1B inhibitors use one or more of the six compounds represented by the structural formulae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, as active components. The compounds can enhance the sensitivity of an insulin receptor by inhibiting the activity of PTP1B, thereby having a favorable therapeutic effect on insulin-resistant T2DM.

Abstract: Compounds that have agonist activity at one or more of the S1P receptors are provided. The compounds are sphingosine analogs that, after phosphorylation, can behave as agonists at S1P receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a precursor of positron emission tomography (PET) radioactive medical supplies, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof, and more specifically, to a precursor having a tetravalent organic salt leaving group, a preparation method, and a method for preparing desired PET radioactive medical supplies in a high radiochemical yield within a short preparation time by introducing 18F using the same through a single step. The precursor having a tetravalent organic salt leaving group of the present invention can simplify the known complex multistep preparation of radioactive medical supplies into a single step, can save production costs because an excessive amount of a phase transfer catalyst is not required, facilitates separation of a compound after reaction, and enables rapid reaction velocity. The features are appropriate for the mass production of PET radioactive medical supplies by an automated synthesis system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) where one or more of the radicals A1-5 denote a 1,4-naphthylene or 1,4-anthracenylene radical, and the other parameters are as defined in Claim 1. The invention additionally includes liquid-crystalline media which comprise the title compounds, components for high-frequency technology which comprise these media, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennae.

Abstract: A liquid crystal medium, which has a liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy, and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase, is provided. The liquid crystal medium is characterized by containing a liquid crystal compound having four benzene rings and a difluoromethyleneoxy group, and a chiral reagent, and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: Particular compounds having a fluorene skeleton are superior in broad utility and stability, as a protecting reagent for liquid phase synthesis of amino acids and/or peptides.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light or the like, a high clearing point, a low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition including this compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing this composition. A compound represented by formula (1-1). In the formula, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; Z1 and Z2 are a single bond or —(CH2)2—; >W1—W2— and >W4—W3— are >CH—CH2— or >C?CH—; and m and n are 0, 1 or 2, and the sum of m and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: What is described are 3-aminocarbonyl-substituted benzoylcyclohexanediones of the formula (I) as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1 to R5 are radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen. X is alkylene.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy (??), and having at least one of characteristics such as a high stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable refractive index anisotropy (?n) and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and an intermediate thereof. A solution is a compound represented by formula (1): wherein, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are a single bond or —(CH2)2—; X is —CF2— or —CHF—; and l, m and n are 0 or 1.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (1) is provided. In the formula (1), for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons; the ring A and the ring B are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1 and Z2 are a single bond and Z3 is —CH2O— or —OCH2—; Y1 and Y2 are halogen, —CF3, —CHF2, —CH2F, —OCF3, —OCHF2 or —OCH2F; and m and n is 0, 1 or 2, p is 1 or 2, and the sum of m, n and p is 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: A method for the synthesis of carbon-based structures, particularly graphene substructures and ribbons, from oligo- and poly-alkyne starting materials.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light or the like, a high clearing point, a low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition including this compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing this composition. A compound represented by formula (1-1). In the formula, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; Z1 and Z2 are a single bond or —(CH2)2—; >W1—W2— and >W4—W3— are >CH—CH2— or >C?CH—; and m and n are 0, 1 or 2, and the sum of m and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) where one or more of the radicals A1-5 denote a 1,4-naphthylene or 1,4-anthracenylene radical, and the other parameters are as defined in Claim 1. The invention additionally includes liquid-crystalline media which comprise the title compounds, components for high-frequency technology which comprise these media, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennae.

Abstract: Energy efficient optoelectronic devices include an electroluminescent layer containing a polymer made up of structural units of formula I and II; wherein R1 and R2 are independently C22-44 hydrocarbyl, C22-44 hydrocarbyl containing one or more S, N, O, P, or Si atoms, oxaalkylaryl, or a combination thereof; R3 and R4 are independently H, C1-44 hydrocarbyl or C1-44 hydrocarbyl containing one or more S, N, O, P, or Si atoms, or R3 and R4, taken together, form a C2-10 monocyclic or bicyclic ring containing up to three S, N, O, P, or Si heteroatoms; and X is S, Se, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I where one or more of the radicals A1-5 denote a 1,4-naphthylene or 1,4- or 9,10-anthracenylene radical, and the other parameters are as defined in Claim 1. The invention additionally includes liquid-crystalline media which comprise the title compounds, and components for high-frequency technology which comprise these media, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennae.

Abstract: Compounds that have agonist activity at one or more of the S1P receptors are provided. The compounds are sphingosine analogs that, after phosphorylation, can behave as agonists at S1P receptors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of an aromatic compound, having excellent environmental load reduction performance, cost reduction performance, etc. Provided is a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of a raw material aromatic compound by reacting the raw material aromatic compound with an oxidizing agent. The process further uses an electron donor-acceptor linked molecule. The process includes the step of: reacting the electron donor-acceptor linked molecule in an electron-transfer state, the oxidizing agent, and the raw material aromatic compound, thereby generating an oxidation reaction product resulting from oxidation of the raw material aromatic compound.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (1) is provided. In the formula (1), for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons; the ring A and the ring B are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1 and Z2 are a single bond and Z3 is —CH2O— or —OCH2—; Y1 and Y2 are halogen, —CF3, —CHF2, —CH2F, —OCF3, —OCHF2 or —OCH2F; and m and n is 0, 1 or 2, p is 1 or 2, and the sum of m, n and p is 1, 2 or 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel and advantageous processes for preparing and purifying chemical compounds such as pharmaceuticals. The processes comprise a nucleophilic substitution reaction with a moiety X wherein the leaving group L of a substrate S in the reaction is covalently attached to a purification moiety M. This concept offers a convenient and lime-saving way to purity the desired product S-X from non-reacted precursors S-L-M and by-products L-M.

Abstract: Since a 1-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalene derivative of the present invention has negative dielectric anisotropy, has a very large absolute value, is chemically stable with heat, light, water, and the like, moreover, it excels in compatibility with a liquid crystal compound or a liquid crystal composition used widely nowadays, it is suitable as an element of a practical liquid crystal composition capable of low voltage drive. In addition, the liquid crystal composition using the compound of the present invention has low drive voltage, is useful as a constituent material of the liquid crystal display device of low consumption of electrical power, and can be used suitably for liquid crystal display devices such as a VA type and an IPS type, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyacene derivatives represented by general formula (I) below: (wherein R1 to R10, etc. each represents hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon group, or an alkoxy group; A1 and A2 are hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group, cyano group, etc.; n is an integer of not less than 1; R6 and R7 may be linked to each other to form a ring); and a process for preparing the polyacene derivatives from polyhydro compounds as well as electrically conductive materials comprising the polyacene derivatives. According to the process for preparing the polyacene derivatives of the present invention, optional substituents can be introduced into any carbon atoms of the polyacene, and the number of aromatic rings can be increased.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition containing the compound described above and having stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase. The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having a short response time, a small power consumption, a low driving voltage, and a large contrast, and containing the composition described above which can be used in a large temperature range.

Abstract: Particular compounds having a fluorene skeleton are superior in broad utility and stability, as a protecting reagent for liquid phase synthesis of amino acids and/or peptides.

Abstract: Disclosed are telechelic fluoropolymers and methods for forming the polymers. The fluoropolymers can be formed via step-growth polymerization of bis(trifluorovinyloxy)biphenyls with bisphenols. The formed telechelic polymers possess fluoroolefin functionality at the trifluorovinyl aromatic ether endgroups. Internal groups can include difluorodioxyvinylene groups and trifluoroethyl groups. Formation methods of the telechelic polymers can be controlled so as to control molecular weight and degree of unsaturation of the polymers. The end groups and the internal groups can be further reacted independently of each other, e.g., under different temperature conditions, to form a variety of polymers and/or crosslinked polymeric networks.

Abstract: Since a 1-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalene derivative of the present invention has negative dielectric anisotropy, has a very large absolute value, is chemically stable with heat, light, water, and the like, moreover, it excels in compatibility with a liquid crystal compound or a liquid crystal composition used widely nowadays, it is suitable as an element of a practical liquid crystal composition capable of low voltage drive. In addition, the liquid crystal composition using the compound of the present invention has low drive voltage, is useful as a constituent material of the liquid crystal display device of low consumption of electrical power, and can be used suitably for liquid crystal display devices such as a VA type and an IPS type, and the like.

Abstract: A liquid crystal medium is described, which has a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase, a large optical anisotropy and a large dielectric anisotropy and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystal medium is characterized in including a chiral dopant and a liquid crystal compound with a chlorophenyl ring and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: The present invention concerns fine organic synthesis, particularly the method for preparing of substituted adamantylarylmagnesium halides. The known methods for preparing Grignard's reagent from substituted adamantylarylhalide give very low yeld of the desired product. Substituted adamantylarylhalides are active intermediates that by interacting with various electrophiles provide for a wide range of biologically active compounds. The aim of current invention was to develop a method for preparing substituted adamantylarylmagnesium halides. The aim was attained adding lithium chloride in the Grignard's reagent synthesis by acting on is magnesium metal in dry tetrahydrofuran under argon by substituted adamantylarylhalide. It was demonstrated that adding lithium chloride to adamantylarylhalide within a range from 1:1 to 1:2 provides for stable high yield of the desired end product.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons, in which in the alkyl, arbitrary —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —CH?CH— or —C?C—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons; ring A1, ring A2, ring A3, ring A4 and ring A5 are each independently a benzene ring, a piperidine ring, a tetrahydropyrane ring or a dioxane ring, in which in the rings, arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 3 carbons or halogenated alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, and —CH? may be replaced by —N?; Z1, Z2, Z4, Z5 and Z6 are each independently a single bond, —COO— or —CF2O—; Z3 is a single bond or —CF2O—, and in the case where Z3 is a single bond, ring A3 is a ring represented by formula (RG-5), or L1 and L2 are both fluorine, or at least one of Z1, Z2, Z4, Z5 and Z6 is —CF2O—; L1, L2, L3 and L4 are each independently hydrogen or halogen; X1 is hydrogen, halogen, —C?N, —N?C?S, —C?C—C?N, —S

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclopenta[a]naphthalene derivatives of the general formulae I to V in which B, Z, A, n, R, X1, X1a, X1b, X2, X3, E1 and E2 are as defined in the claims, to the use thereof in liquid-crystalline media, to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one of these cyclopenta[a]naphthalene derivatives, and to electro-optical display elements containing these liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: The present invention was realized in order to provide a liquid crystal composition which is negative in dielectric constant anisotropy and having a large absolute value and a display element, and also to provide a compound which is negative in dielectric constant anisotropy and having a large absolute value. The present invention was realized in order to provide a trifluoronaphthalene derivative expressed by the general formula (I) a liquid crystal composition containing the above compound and a display element in which the liquid crystal composition is used. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has features in which the dielectric constant anisotropy is great in absolute value, and a liquid crystal display element in which the liquid crystal composition is used as a constituting member is useful as a liquid crystal display element based on vertical alignment mode, IPS or others.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons, in which in the alkyl, arbitrary —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —CH?CH— or —C?C—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons; ring A1, ring A2, ring A3, ring A4 and ring A5 are each independently a benzene ring, a piperidine ring, a tetrahydropyrane ring or a dioxane ring, in which in the rings, arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 3 carbons or halogenated alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, and —CH? may be replaced by —N?; Z1, Z2, Z4, Z5 and Z6 are each independently a single bond, —COO— or —CF2O—; Z3 is a single bond or —CF2O—, and in the case where Z3 is a single bond, ring A3 is a ring represented by formula (RG-5), or L1 and L2 are both fluorine, or at least one of Z1, Z2, Z4, Z5 and Z6 is —CF2O—; L1, L2, L3 and L4 are each independently hydrogen or halogen; X1 is hydrogen, halogen, —C?N, —N?C?S, —C?C—C?N, —S

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: wherein A, B, D, and R are as defined herein and their agriculturally acceptable salts are disclosed as effective insecticides. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of Formula I in admixture with at least one agriculturally acceptable extender or adjuvant and methods of controlling insects comprising applying the compositions to locus on crops where control is desired are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides 1,7,8-trifluoro-2-naphthol and a derivative thereof as intermediates for efficiently producing a trifluoronaphthalene liquid crystal material. A method for efficiently producing a trifluoronaphthalene liquid crystal material using such intermediates is also disclosed. A naphthol derivative having the following general formula (I) is disclosed.

Abstract: Fluorinated indenes and 1,7-dihydroindacenes of the general formulae (I) and (II) of negative dielectric anisotropy (??<0) in which T, A, R, L, X, Y, U, W, Z, n, m, p and q are as defined herein are suitable for use in liquid crystal display elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to copper-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming methods. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of an amide or amine moiety and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In additional embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between a nitrogen atom of an acyl hydrazine and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic, e.g., indole, pyrazole, and indazole, and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate.

Abstract: Substituted pentacene compounds comprise at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of electron-donating substituents, halogen substituents, and combinations thereof; the substituent(s) each being bonded to a carbon atom of a terminal ring of pentacene, and being the only substituent(s); with the proviso that when the compound has only two substituents, both of which are methyl or alkoxy, and one substituent is bonded to the number 2 carbon atom, the other substituent, if methyl, is bonded to the number 1, 3, 4, 8, or 11 carbon atom and, if alkoxy, is bonded to the number 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, or 11 carbon atom; and with the further proviso that when the compound has only four substituents, all of which are alkoxy, the substituents are bonded to the numbers 2, 3, 9, and 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of a chiral insecticidal and acaricidal compound of formula I. Also provided are intermediate compounds useful in the process of the present invention.

Abstract: Benzoylcyclohexanedione derivatives of the formula (I) and their use as herbicides are described. In this formula (I), R1, R3, and R4 are various radicals, L—(R2)n is haloalkyl, and n is 0 to 2.

Abstract: The invention provides non-steroidal estrogenic compounds with estrogenic and anti-estrogenic compounds effects for treatment of estrogen-deficiency related disorders, which compounds are having formula (I) wherein, one of Ra or Rb is 'Re; Re and 'Re are OH, optionally independently etherified or esterified; X is N or —C(R1)—, wherein R1 is H1 halogen, CN, optionally substituted aryl, (1C-4C)alkyl, (2C-4C)alkenyl, (2C-4C)alkynyl or (3C-6C)cycloalkyl, which alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cycloalkyl groups can optionally be substituted with one or more halogens; Y is N or —C(R2)—, with the proviso that X and Y are not both N, wherein R2 has the same meaning as defined for R1; Z is C(R3,'R3)— or —C(R4,∝R4)—C(R5,'R5)—, wherein R3, 'R3, R4, 'R4, R5, and 'R5, independently arc H, (1C-4C)alkyl, (2C-4C)alkenyl or (3C-6C) cycloalkyl, which alkyl, alkenyl and cycloalkyl groups can optionally be substituted with one or more halogens.

Abstract: The present invention provides a difluoromethyl ether derivative which shows various suitable physical properties as a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the compound and a liquid crystal display element containing the composition, and also provides a simple and efficient process for producing the difluoromethyl ether derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides a difluoromethyl ether derivative which shows various suitable physical properties as a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the compound and a liquid crystal display element containing the composition, and also provides a simple and efficient process for producing the difluoromethyl ether derivative.

Abstract: Fluorinated indenes and 1,7-dihydroindacenes of the general formulae (I) and (II) of negative dielectric anisotropy (&Dgr;&egr;<0) 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of preparing a discotic liquid crystalline compound by intramolecular oxidative cyclisation of a diaryl compound in an organic solvent in the presence of a strong acid, characterized in that an oxidative agent comprising a chrom(VI)oxide derivative is used, to discotic liquid crystalline compounds obtainable from said process, to liquid crystalline media, (co)polymers or polymer networks with columnar phases comprising said discotic liquid crystalline compounds, and to the use of said discotic liquid crystalline compounds, liquid crystalline media or liquid crystalline (co)polymers with columnar phases for liquid crystal displays, optical elements like polarizers, compensators or colour filters, chemical sensors, charge transport materials, optical storage media, nonlinear optics, decorative pigments, adhesive or synthetic resins with anisotropic mechanical properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel naphthopyran- and phenanthropyran-type compounds having a carbobicycle annelated in 5,6- position. These compounds have formula (I) given below: These compounds (I) have interesting photochromic properties. The invention also relates to their preparation, to their applications as photochromes, as well as to the compositions and (co)polymer matrices containing them.

Abstract: A new method for producing unsymmetrically substituted fluorenyl compounds, one step of which is the preparation of 2,7-disubstituted fluoren-9-one derivatives via the nucleophilic substitution of a compound of the formula D wherein A′ is selected from the group consisting of —Br, —Cl, —F, —NO2, and —CN; A is selected from the group consisting of —NO2, —CN, —CO2R, —C(O)R, —SO2R, —SO2RF, —C(CN)═C(CN)2 and —CH═C(CN)2; RF is —CpF2p+1, p=from about 0 to about 10; R is an straight, branched or cyclic aliphatic alkyl group having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group such as phenyl or naphthyl; and is a carbonyl or a protected carbonyl such as a ketal or thio-ketal such as wherein R′ is —CrH2r+1; R″ is —(CH2)r—; and r is independently 2 or 3, with a nucleophilic reagent in the presence of an aprotic solvent

Abstract: The present invention provides novel 1,4-diaryl-2-fluoro-1-buten-3-ol compounds of the structural formula I a method for the preparation of those formula I compounds, and the use of those formula I compounds in the preparation of 1,4-diaryl-2-fluoro-1,3-butadiene compounds of formula II and 1,4-diaryl-2-fluoro-2-butene compounds of formula III

Abstract: A liquid crystalline alkenyltolan derivative expressed by the general formula CtH2t−1—G—(CH2)m—A1—B1—(A2—B2)n—(A3—B3)p—A4—X wherein A1, A2, A3, and A4 independently represent a 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene in which one or two hydrogen atoms may be replaced by a fluorine atom(s), dioxane-2,5-diyl, or pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group; B1, B2, and B3 independently represent a covalent bond, an 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-ethenylene, 1,2-ethynylene, oxymethylene, methylenoxy, carbonyloxy, or 1,4-butylene group provided that at least one of B1, B2, and B3 represents an 1,2-ethynylene group; G represents a covalent bond or an oxygen atom; CtH2t−1 represents an alkenyl group having t carbon atoms; n and p are each 0 or 1; and X represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.