Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of nanohoop compounds and conjugates thereof that can be used myriad biological applications. The nanohoop compounds described herein can exhibit beneficial properties that are useful in biotechnology, such as a fluorescent tag, probe, or label.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of producing alkoxylated or hydroxylated terpenes comprising the steps of continuously passing a solution comprising an alcohol in combination with a terpene over an acidic resin catalyst in a packed bed reactor in order to yield a product, as well as compounds that are the products of the methods described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of halogenated nanohoop compounds and assemblies thereof that can be used to for a variety of biological and chemical applications. The halogenated nanohoop compounds described herein exhibit non-covalent interactions that promote their ability to stack and form column-like assemblies having uniform pore size and that do not exhibit structural defects typically associated with other column-like structures, such as carbon nanotubes. Assemblies described herein also are capable of non-covalent interactions with other assemblies and thus can be used to form networks of the assemblies described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of obtaining radiopharmaceutical precursors, and in particular precursors to protected amino acid derivatives, which are used as precursors for production of radiolabelled amino acids for use in in vivo imaging procedures, such as positron emission tomography (PET).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an ether compound easily in a small number of steps at lower costs in high yields. The present invention relates to a method in which the ether compound represented by the general formula (1) is produced by reacting the specific carbonyl compound specified in the general formula (2) and the specific dialkoxy compound specified in the general formula (3) with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and an acidic substance to perform hydrogenation.

Abstract: New polyol ether compounds and a process for their preparation. The process comprises reacting a polyol, a carbonyl compound, and hydrogen in the presence of hydrogenation catalyst, to provide the polyol ether. The molar ratio of polyol to carbonyl compound in the process is greater than 5:1.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders including mitochondrial diseases, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as 2-heterocyclylaminoalkyl-(p-quinone) derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing polyether alcohols by reacting a) aromatic amines with b) alkylene oxides in the presence of c) a catalyst, wherein the alkylene oxide b) comprises at least 90% by weight, based on the weight of the component b), of propylene oxide and an amine is used as catalyst c).

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light or the like, a high clearing point, a low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition including this compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing this composition. A compound represented by formula (1): for example, R1 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene in which at least one of hydrogen has been replaced by fluorine; Z1 is a single bond, and Z2 and Z3 are —CF2O— or —OCF2—; X1 is fluorine; and L1 and L2 are fluorine.

Abstract: A compound having formula (I) wherein G represents at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkyl and C1-C12 alkoxy.

Abstract: The present application provides a terpene analogue of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable isomer, salt or ester thereof, and methods and uses thereof for treating neurological conditions such as pain in general and neuropathic pain. These terpene analogues can also be used to treat other electrical disorders in the central and peripheral nervous system. Also provided are methods of synthesizing the terpene analogues of Formula I.

Abstract: The present invention provides cycloparaphenylene compounds, their macrocyclic precursors, and methods for making the compounds. The cycloparaphenylene compounds can be used to prepare armchair carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A method of purification and production of value-added, biobased chemicals and derivative products from crude bioglycerin is described herein. The present method provides methods for desalinating, decolorizing, and concentrating bioglycerin for the production of biobased chemicals or purified bioglycerin.

Abstract: The present invention a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the following compound: wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a straight, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety consisting of less than 10, preferably less than 4, most preferably 1 of 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for preparing one or more iodinated organic substances having a molecular mass of less than 2000 (substances (S)) using (A) at least one free-radical-generating substance chosen from peroxides, diazo compounds, dialkyldiphenylalkanes, substances derived from tetraphenylethane, boranes and iniferter substances comprising at least one thiuram disulphide group, (B) an ethylenically unsaturated substance capable of adding a free radical to its ethylenic double bond, (C) molecular iodine, which comprises the steps according to which at least a fraction of (A), at least a fraction of (B) and at least a fraction of (C) are introduced into a reactor, and then the contents of the reactor are caused to react, while introducing therein the possible remainder of (A), the possible remainder of (B) and the possible remainder of (C), until a moment is reached when the content of the reactor is a mixture comprising one or more substances (S).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel 4-alkyl 1-(3-methoxy-2-propen-1-yl)benzene compounds and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel compound, [(4E,4Z)-5-methoxy-3-methyl-4-pentenyl]-benzene, and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of this novel compound.

Abstract: Photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed including at least one compound comprising at least one polycyclic aromatic substructure wherein the substructures are directly substituted with at least one alkynyl group. The devices exhibit a high degree of stability. In one form the devices may be used in the generation of solar power.

Abstract: The present invention a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the following compound: wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a straight, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety consisting of less than 10, preferably less than 4, most preferably 1 of 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that certain well-defined compounds derived from pentacyclopentadecane dimethanol are useful components in adhesive formulations. In particular, the invention compounds described herein provide high Tg values and low shrinkage. Compounds of the invention are useful as adhesives for use in the semiconductor packaging industry.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method by which the adsorption of cystatin C to a container can be inhibited in a simple manner to improve the accuracy of the measurement of cystatin C. Provided are: a cystatin C adsorption inhibitor comprising a non-ionic surfactant; a cystatin C measurement reagent comprising the adsorption inhibitor; and a cystatin C measurement kit. Also provided is a method of inhibiting the adsorption of cystatin C, the method comprising bringing a cystatin C-containing sample into contact with a measurement instrument in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant. The aforementioned non-ionic surfactant is preferably a polyoxyethylene-type surfactant. Alternatively, the aforementioned non-ionic surfactant has preferably a phenoxy structure, more preferably a benzylphenoxy structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel compound, [(4E, 4Z)-5-methoxy-3-methyl-4-pentenyl]-benzene, and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of this novel compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel 4-alkyl 1-(3-methoxy-2-propen-1-yl)benzene compounds and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the novel compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel 4-alkyl 1-(3-methoxy-2-propen-1-yl)benzene compounds and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the novel compounds.

Abstract: Cyclopentadienyl and Indenyl barium/strontium metal precursors and Lewis base adducts thereof are described. Such precursors have utility for forming Ba- and/or Sr-containing films on substrates, in the manufacture of microelectronic devices or structures.

Abstract: Vulcanizates with desirable properties can be obtained from compounds incorporating polymers that include hydroxyl group-containing aryl functionalities. The functionalities can be incorporated by using any or all of appropriate initiators, monomers and optional terminating compounds. Such polymers exhibit excellent interactivity with both conventional and non-conventional fillers.

Abstract: A method of increasing the density of carbon nanotube fibres or films containing carbon nanotubes to at least 50% w/w, said method including the steps of exposing the fibre or film to suitable density enhancing agent, or to electromagnetic radiation, or by applying heat, or by mechanical compaction.

Abstract: A process for benzylating an alcohol includes mixing 2-benzyloxy-1-methylpyridinium triflate in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent having a predetermined boiling point; adding an acid scavenger to the mixture; combining the alcohol to be benzylated with the mixture; reacting the alcohol with the 2-benzyloxy-1-methylpyridinium triflate by heating above ambient temperature to generate the benzylated alcohol; and separating the benzylated alcohol from the mixture.

Abstract: Provided are a novel ?-glucuronidase inhibitor including a compound selected from a macrocyclic ketone, a ketone, a macrocyclic lactone, a macrocyclic oxalactone, an ester, an aldehyde, an alcohol, and a terpene of specific kinds, and an environmental hygiene product and a sanitary product each containing the ?-glucuronidase inhibitor. Also provided are a composition for suppressing the generation of urine odor and a method of suppressing the generation of urine odor each using a ?-glucuronidase inhibitor.

Abstract: Polyketal polymers, and methods of making and using such polyketal polymers are disclosed herein. The polyketal poylmers can be useful for applications including, for example, medical devices and pharmaceutical compositions. In a preferred embodiment, the polyketal polymers are biodegradable.

Abstract: Substrate or starting compounds which have high melting points, for instance, having a melting point of 150° C. or higher and having at least one active hydrogen may be reacted with one or more alkylene oxide in a ketone solvent at reduced temperatures compared with conventional, molten methods to give an adduct product having reduced color. By at least partially alkoxylating the substrate, its potential for crystallization is disrupted and the partially alkoxylated substrate has a lower melting point than the original substrate permitting it to be more readily further alkoxylated at the reaction temperature. Suitable ketone solvents include, but are not necessarily limited to, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof. The alkoxylation reaction may be conducted at a temperature in the range of about 30 to about 140° C. Suitable catalysts may include tertiary amines or caustic compounds such as NaOH and KOH.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an process for the preparation 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)toluene [II]. The compound 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)toluene is useful as intermediate for pharmaceutical industry, especially useful as an intermediate for the preparation of Flecainide and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Abstract: New polyol ether compounds and a process for their preparation. The process comprises reacting a polyol, a carbonyl compound, and hydrogen in the presence of hydrogenation catalyst, to provide the polyol ether. The molar ratio of polyol to carbonyl compound in the process is greater than 5:1.

Abstract: Ethers of aromatic acids are produced from halogenated aromatic acids in a reaction mixture containing a copper (I) or copper (II) source and a diketone ligand that coordinates to copper.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new class of benzonitriles and to their use as androgen receptor modulators. Other aspects of the invention are directed to the use of these compounds to decrease excess sebum secretions and to stimulate hair growth.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a specific crosscoupling compound and a specific catalyst for producing the compound. The method includes reacting in the presence of a base and a nickel compound catalyst organic halide of the formula n?(R1X1n), wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group and the ? and ? carbons to X? are sp3 carbon atoms; X1 is a chlorine, bromine, or iodine atoms, and n and n1 are 1 or 2 but not both 2, with a compound having the formula m{R2(BX22)n?} where an R2 is an aryl, heteroaryl, or alkenyl group, and n? is 1 or 2, X2 is independently a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy or arylalkoxy group or X22 together form an alkylenedioxy or arylenedioxy group, and m represents 1 or 2 but m?n, and the boron atom is bonded to a sp2 carbon atom of R2 group or a boronic acid trimer anhydride.

Abstract: The present application describes deuterium-enriched fingolimod, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the construction of unsymmetrical biaryl compounds and alkylated aromatic compounds from arylnitriles using a nickel or palladium catalyzed coupling in which the catalyst has at least one phosphine or phosphite ligand.

Abstract: To provide a method for efficiently and industrially deuterating the benzyl position of a —O-benzyl group formed by introducing a benzyl group, a benzyloxymethyl group and the like as a protecting group. The deuteration method for the benzyl position of a —O-benzyl group of a compound having the —O-benzyl group which may have a substituent, comprising reacting the compound with a heavy hydrogen source in the coexistence of a palladium/carbon-ethylenediamine complex and hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of an alkylphenol ethoxylate involving charging a portion of product from a previous preparation (a “heel”) or an ethoxylate to a reactor, optionally, charging from about 0.2 wt. % to an amount equal to or greater than the weight of the heel of an alkylphenol starter to the reactor, charging ethylene oxide to activate a double metal cyanide (“DMC”) catalyst, adding the alkylphenol starter simultaneously with ethylene oxide for a portion of the process and continuing ethylene oxide addition following completion of the simultaneous alkylphenol starter and ethylene oxide addition. The process of the present invention provides significant improvements in cycle time and safety in producing ethoxylates which may find use in or as surfactants.

Abstract: The object of this invention was to probe the reactivity of lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, and mevastatin in the solid-state without radical initiators in order to determine the antioxidant that provided the best stability for the statin. Phenolic antioxidants were evaluated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-??-[[[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino]methyl]-1,3-benzenedimethanol 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate (salmeterol xinafoate) (12a), the preparation of 4-hydroxy-??-[[[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino]methyl]-1,3-benzenedimethanol (salmeterol) (11), the preparation of protected N-[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amine intermediates (7), and the preparation of 6-substituted (4-phenylbutoxy)hexane intermediates (5), shown below, wherein X is a leaving group and Pg is a protecting group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of an alkylphenol ethoxylate involving charging a portion of product from a previous preparation (a “heel”) or an ethoxylate to a reactor, optionally, charging from about 0.2 wt. % to an amount equal to or greater than the weight of the heel of an alkylphenol starter to the reactor, charging ethylene oxide to activate a double metal cyanide (“DMC”) catalyst, adding the alkylphenol starter simultaneously with ethylene oxide for a portion of the process and continuing ethylene oxide addition following completion of the simultaneous alkylphenol starter and ethylene oxide addition. The process of the present invention provides significant improvements in cycle time and safety in producing ethoxylates which may find use in or as surfactants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a procedure for making an enantiomerically enriched compound containing a hydronaphthalene ring structure. The process involves reacting oxabenzonorbornadienes with nucleophiles using rhodium as a catalyst and in the presence of a phosphine ligand. The compounds synthesized may be used in pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to benzylether and benzylamino derivative compounds of formula (I) which are inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme and that are useful in the treatment of diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the treatment of such diseases in which the beta-secretase enzyme is involved.

Abstract: Chelating ligand precursors for the preparation of olefin metathesis catalysts are disclosed. The resulting catalysts are air stable monomeric species capable of promoting various metathesis reactions efficiently, which can be recovered from the reaction mixture and reused. Internal olefin compounds, specifically beta-substituted styrenes, are used as ligand precursors. Compared to terminal olefin compounds such as unsubstituted styrenes, the beta-substituted styrenes are easier and less costly to prepare, and more stable since they are less prone to spontaneous polymerization. Methods of preparing chelating-carbene metathesis catalysts without the use of CuCl are disclosed. This eliminates the need for CuCl by replacing it with organic acids, mineral acids, mild oxidants or even water, resulting in high yields of Hoveyda-type metathesis catalysts.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a coupling compound of formula (1): (Y—)(n?1)R1—R2—(R1)(n??1)??(1) wherein R1, R2 n and n? are as defined below, Y is R2 or X as defined below, which method comprises reacting an organic halogen compound of formula (2): n?(R1X1n)??(2) wherein X1 represents a bromine or iodine, R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group of which ? and ? carbon atoms in relation to X1 are sp3 carbon atoms, n and n? each independently represent an integer of 1 or 2, and provided that n and n? do not simultaneously represent 2, with an organic boron compound of formula (3): m{R2(BX22)n?}??(3) wherein R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group and the boron atom is bonded with a sp2 carbon atom thereof, X2 represents a hydroxyl or alkoxy group, n? is as defined above, m represents an integer of 1 or 2, and m is not more than n, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a) a nick

Abstract: The present invention relates to stilbene and quinone compounds related to combretastatin A-4 and their use as anticancer compounds and prodrugs. The compounds include those with an alkyl group on the double bond of cis or trans-stilbenes, compounds with one or more (and preferably 2 or 3) alkyl group substituents on the stilbene A ring, compounds with an alkoxy group other than methoxy at position 3, 4, and/or 5 of the stilbene A ring, compounds (or prodrugs) in which BOC amino acid esters are formed with the phenolic hydroxyl at the 3-position of the B ring and compounds (or prodrugs) based on a benzoquinone B ring. The present invention further relates to the photochemical reactions of stilbene compounds, either the above compounds disclosed for the first time herein or compounds based on prior art stilbenes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of Formula (I), to a process for their manufacture, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and to their use in therapy, in particular their use in the prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for deuteration of an inert alkane using activated palladium carbon. The present invention discloses “A method for deuteration of a hydrogen atom of a methyl group or a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom at benzyl position and the other carbon atoms of an alkylene group having not less than 2 carbon atoms, in a compound containing the methyl group or the-alkylene group having not less than 2 carbon atoms, directly bonded to an aromatic ring which may have a substituent, which comprises placing said compound in a deuterated solvent in the presence of activated palladium carbon, under sealed reflux condition”.