Abstract: A copolymer having tetrafluoroethylene units and second polymerized monomer units in a range from 0.2 to 1 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer. Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and optionally interrupted by one or more —O— groups, n is independently from 1 to 6, and z is 0, 1, or 2. The copolymer has a melt flow index in a range from 0.02 grams per 10 minutes to 19.4 grams per 10 minutes. The copolymer can be extruded to make articles, such as insulated cables. A method of making the copolymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preparation of two pharmaceutical intermediates (I, II) of Aliskiren, said intermediates are obtained by reacting compound of formula I or II and tribromophosphorus oxide. The method replaces the method in the prior art which is using column chromatopraphy to produce the compounds I and II, and overcomes the defect that the method in the prior art hardly carry out in a large-scale industrial production. The product can be purified by recrystallization or vacuum distillation, and the chemical purity of the product is good.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides phenolic compounds useful in the treatment of neurological conditions such as convulsions and tremors, having the structure of Formula (I): wherein R2, R4, & R5, are as defined in the detailed description; pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the compounds; and methods for treating neurological conditions.

Abstract: A prepolymer prepared by condensation reaction between a first compound represented by Formula (1) below: Ar—H??(1), where Ar is composed of a crosslinkable moiety at one end, a moiety selected from the group —O—, —S—, —COO—, —CO—, —COS—, —SO2—, and —NH—, and one or two repeating units selected from the group: where A is carbon or nitrogen, and X is hydrogen or halogen; and a second compound that is an aromatic moiety.

Abstract: An arylalkenyl ether oligomer is produced by the reaction of a polyhaloalkene with a polyhydroxyaryl compound. Halogenation of the resultant oligomer produces a flame retardant having both aromatic and aliphatic bromine groups.

Abstract: A direct trifluoromethylation method preferably using a trifluoromethane as a fluoro-methylating species. In particular, the present method is used for preparing a trifluoromethylated substrate by reacting a fluoromethylatable substrate with a trifiuoromethylating agent in the presence of an alkoxide or metal salt of silazane under conditions sufficient to trifluoromethylate the substrate; wherein the fluoromethylatable substrate includes chlorosilanes, carbonyl compounds such as esters, aryl halides, aldehydes, ketones, chalcones, alkyl formates, alkyl halides, aryl halides, alkyl borates, carbon dioxide or sulfur.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal medium are described. The liquid crystal compound is stable to heat and light and has a large dielectric anisotropy and a large optical anisotropy. The liquid crystal medium has a wide temperature range of liquid crystal phase, a large optical anisotropy and a large dielectric anisotropy, and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystal compound has 4 or 5 benzene rings, one of which is a chlorofluorobenzene ring. The liquid crystal medium is characterized in containing the liquid crystal compound and a chiral dopant and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: A compound of formula I-0, and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or salts and physiologically hydrolysable derivatives in free form or salt form: wherein Z1 is C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl; R4 is selected from unsubstituted and substituted C3-C3 cycloalkyl, C1-C8 linear or branched alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C6-C10 heteroaryl or aryl, or C3-C8 heterocyclyl which may be part unsaturated, and combinations thereof; Z is linear C2-3 alkylene; X1 is selected from NH and O; X2 is selected from unsaturated C and unsaturated S; and X3 is selected from NH and CH2; or one of X1 and X3 is a single bond; or X1 is O and X2 and X3 together are a single bond; and R7 is selected from oxo, F, Cl, Br, CN, NH2, NR92, NO2, CF3, OR9, COR9, OCOR9, COOR9, NR9COR9, CONR92SO2NR92, NR9SO2R9; and R8 is selected from C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxyl, C2-5 alkenyl or alkynyl, C6-10 aryl and C3-8 cycloalkyl and combinations thereof, which may be unsubstituted or further substituted by one or more F, Cl, Br, CN, NH2, NR32, NO2, CF3;

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for preparation of two pharmaceutical intermediates (I, II) of Aliskiren, said intermediates are obtained by reacting compound of formula I or II and tribromophosphorus oxide. The method replaces the method in the prior art which is using column chromatopraphy to produce the compounds I and II, and overcomes the defect that the method in the prior art hardly carry out in a large-scale industrial production. The product can be purified by recrystallization or vacuum distillation, and the chemical purity of the product is good.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (1), lubricant containing the compound and magnetic disk R1—C6H4O—CH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2—R2—CH2—O—R3??(1) wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkoxyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino or amido, R2 is —CF2O(CF2CF2O)x(CF2O)yCF2—, —CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)z—CF2CF2— or —CF2CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2CF2CF2—, x and y are each an integer of 0 to 15, z is an integer of 1 to 15, n is an integer of 0 to 4, R3 is —CH2CH(OH)CH2OH, —CH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH or —(CH2)mOH, m is an integer of 2 to 6.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the application of active materials onto active surfaces useful in organic electronic devices. The methods of the invention include selecting a liquid composition including an active material and a suitable liquid medium whereby when the liquid composition is deposited on the desired active surface it has no greater than about a 40° contact angle; treating the active surface to raise its surface tension before the deposition of a liquid composition containing the desired active material is deposited thereon; and combination thereof. The invention also provides organic electronic devices having at least two active layers, wherein at least one active layer comprises an active material that was deposited using at least one practice of the method of the invention.

Abstract: This invention provides new processes for the preparation of 1-bromo-2-(cyclopropyl methoxy)-5-fluoro-4-methoxybenzene and for the preparation of an intermediate, 4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, and to the use thereof for an active-matrix display, in particular based on the VA, PSA, PS-VA, PALC, FFS or IPS effect.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the design of an environmentally friendly and efficient fluorous phase based on dendritic architectures containing short semifluorinated groups on their periphery.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having a suitable value of refractive index anisotropy, a suitable value of dielectric anisotropy, steep characteristics electro-optic characteristics, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal compounds especially having a wide temperature range of a nematic phase. A compound represented by formula (1). For example, R1 and R2 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 9 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 9 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 8 carbons or alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbons; Q1 and Q4 are each independently fluorine or chlorine; Q2 and Q3 are each independently hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine, and one of Q2 and Q3 is hydrogen; Z is —CH2 O— or —COO—; and h is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A reagent for organic synthesis with which a chemical reaction can be conducted in a liquid phase and unnecessary compound(s) can be easily separated at low cost from the liquid phase after completion of the reaction. The reagent for organic synthesis reversibly changes from a liquid-phase state to a solid-phase state with changes in solution composition and/or solution temperature, and is for use in organic synthesis reactions. This reagent for organic syntheses facilitates process development. With the reagent, research on and development of, e.g., medicines through, e.g., compound library synthesis, etc. can be accelerated. It can hence contribute to technical innovations in the biochemical industry and chemical industry.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, n1, m, p Z1, Z2, and Z3 are as describe in the specification. The invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) which are antagonists of the motilin receptor and are useful in the treatment of disorders associated with this receptor and with or with motility dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of iloperidone using a novel intermediate. Thus, for example, 4-(3-chloropropoxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde is reacted with methyl magnesium iodide in ether and the reaction mass is heated for 6 hours at reflux temperature, the resulting mass is cooled to ambient temperature and then poured into a mixture of ice, water and dilute hydrochloric acid to produce 1-[4-(3-chloropropoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]ethanol, which is then subsequently converted to iloperidone.

Abstract: Antitumoral compounds obtained from a porifera, of the family Raspailiidae, genus Lithoplocamia, species lithistoides, and derivatives thereof are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having general physical properties necessary for the liquid crystal compound, namely, stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a refractive index anisotropy having a suitable magnitude value, a dielectric anisotropy having a suitable magnitude value, steep electrooptical characteristics, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, in particular, a liquid crystal compound having a wide temperature range of the nematic phase; a compound represented by formula (i): wherein, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbons; ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; Q1 and Q2 are fluorine or chlorine; and h is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of an aromatic compound, having excellent environmental load reduction performance, cost reduction performance, etc. Provided is a process for producing an oxidation reaction product of a raw material aromatic compound by reacting the raw material aromatic compound with an oxidizing agent. The process further uses an electron donor-acceptor linked molecule. The process includes the step of: reacting the electron donor-acceptor linked molecule in an electron-transfer state, the oxidizing agent, and the raw material aromatic compound, thereby generating an oxidation reaction product resulting from oxidation of the raw material aromatic compound.

Abstract: A method for preparing a propargylic alcohol catalyzed by 2-morpholinoisobornane-10-thiol (MITH) is disclosed, which includes reacting R1CHO with R2CCH in the presence of R3ZnR4 and MITH, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, and R4, independently, is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkylsilyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, aryl, aryloxy, or heteroaryl. The method can give enantioenriched propargylic alcohols with good enantioselective at low loading of MITH.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound according to Formula (IX) and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R5 are each independently selected from H and hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, or when the compound according to formula (IX) is a salt, R1 and/or R2 may be a cation, R3, and R4 each independently selected from hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, and wherein any two of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are optionally linked together to form a ring structure. The invention further relates to the preparation of such a compound and to the use of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical compound, an agrochemical compound, an intermediate for a pharmaceutical compound or an intermediate for an agrochemical compound.

Abstract: A method for preparing a propargylic alcohol catalyzed by 2-morpholinoisobornane-10-thiol (MITH) is disclosed, which includes reacting R1CHO with R2CCH in the presence of R3ZnR4 and MITH, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, and R4, independently, is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkylsilyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, aryl, aryloxy, or heteroaryl. The method can give enantioenriched propargylic alcohols with good enantioselective at low loading of MITH.

Abstract: Described is a process for the alkoxylation of alcohols with I, Cl, or CH3CO2 endgroups, using alkylene epoxides in the presence of boron based catalysts.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing compound represented by the formula 1, where R1 is a methyl group or trifluoromethyl group, each of R2 and R3 is independently a hydrogen atom or a group containing (a) a hydrocarbon group having a straight-chain, branched or ring form and having a carbon atom number of 1-25 or (b) an aromatic hydrocarbon group, the group optionally containing at least one of a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom and a carbonyl bond, l is an integer of from 0 to 2, each of m and n is independently an integer of 1-5 to satisfy an expression of m+n?6, and when at least one of R1, R2 and R3 is in a plural number, the at least one of R1, R2 and R3 may be identical with or different from each other.

Abstract: Methods of the present invention for producing dibromofluorobenzene derivatives (compounds II) comprise Step 1, in which compounds (I) having the following general formula (I): (wherein, R1 and R2 each independently represent a C1-6 alkyl group) are reacted in a solvent with a brominating reagent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound containing a divalent group represented by formula (I).

Abstract: The invention provides compounds that are useful as linkers for solid phase synthesis and as protecting groups, and methods for producing and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a 2-fluoro-6-halophenol as an intermediate; a process for producing a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol and further a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; a second process for producing a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; and a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol can be obtained using a 2-fluorophenol as a starting material and through a sulfonation reaction, a halogenation reaction, and a deprotection reaction. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol is alkyl-etherified, and subsequently the halogen atom is converted into a hydroxyl group to obtain the 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol, which is further alkyl-etherified to thereby obtain the 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene. Alternatively, a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene is also obtained by converting the halogen atom of the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol into a hydroxyl group to thereby form 3-fluorocatechol and subsequently alkyl-etherifying two hydroxyl groups thereof.

Abstract: The invention related to a novel process, novel process steps and novel intermediates useful in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds, especially renin inhibitors, such as Aliskiren. Inter alia, the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a compound of the formula II, or a salt thereof, and a compound of formula VI or a salt thereof, wherein R3 and R4 as well as Act are as defined in the specification, and processes of manufacturing these. Additionally transformation of compounds (VI) with metallo organic compounds (VII) give rise to the new compounds (VIII) which are direct precursors for the preparation of Aliskiren.

Abstract: Processes for synthesizing resveratrol-based oligomers are provided. In addition, resveratrol-based oligomer compounds free of plant extract are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a 2-fluoro-6-halophenol as an intermediate; a process for producing a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol and further a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; a second process for producing a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; and a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol can be obtained using a 2-fluorophenol as a starting material and through a sulfonation reaction, a halogenation reaction, and a deprotection reaction. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol is alkyl-etherified, and subsequently the halogen atom is converted into a hydroxyl group to obtain the 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol, which is further alkyl-etherified to thereby obtain the 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene. Alternatively, a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene is also obtained by converting the halogen atom of the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol into a hydroxyl group to thereby form 3-fluorocatechol and subsequently alkyl-etherifying two hydroxyl groups thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound according to Formula (IX) and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2 and R5 are each independently selected from H and hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, or when the compound according to formula (IX) is a salt, R1 and/or R2 may be a cation, R3, and R4 each independently selected from hydrocarbon moieties, which hydrocarbon moieties optionally comprise one or more heteroatoms, and which hydrocarbons optionally comprise substituents, and wherein any two of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are optionally linked together to form a ring structure. The invention further relates to the preparation of such a compound and to the use of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical compound, an agrochemical compound, an intermediate for a pharmaceutical compound or an intermediate for an agrochemical compound.

Abstract: A compound containing a crosslinkable moiety, a curable prepolymer, a blend, and a polymer sheet obtained therefrom, and an optical waveguide for optical interconnection. The compound is represented by the formula below: Ar—H wherein Ar includes a crosslinkable moiety at one end, a moiety selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S—, —COO—, —CO—, —COS—, —SO2—, and —NH—, and one or two repeating units selected from the group consisting of the following repeating units: wherein A in the repeating unit is carbon or nitrogen, and X is hydrogen or halogen. At least one of the core and the cladding in the optical waveguide includes the polymer sheet.

Abstract: A process for producing a stable polymer such as poly(hydroxystyrene) which comprises the decarboxylation of a corresponding phenolic in the presence of a non-amine basic catalyst and a polar organic solvent, followed by the polymerization thereof.

Abstract: A process for the production of an alcohol compound represented by the formula (3): wherein X1, X2, X3, X4, Z, R and n are as defined below, comprising reacting a phenol represented by the formula (1): wherein X1, X2, X3 and X4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and R represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or an aralkyl group which may be substituted by a halogen atom, with a haloalcohol represented by the formula (2): wherein Y represents a chlorine atom or a bromine atom; and n represents an integer of 2 or 3, in a biphase system composed of a water-immiscible organic solvent and an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a 2-fluoro-6-halophenol as an intermediate; a process for producing a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol and further a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; a second process for producing a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene from the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol; and a 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol can be obtained using a 2-fluorophenol as a starting material and through a sulfonation reaction, a halogenation reaction, and a deprotection reaction. The 2-fluoro-6-halophenol is alkyl-etherified, and subsequently the halogen atom is converted into a hydroxyl group to obtain the 2-alkoxy-3-fluorophenol, which is further alkyl-etherified to thereby obtain the 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene. Alternatively, a 1,2-dialkoxy-3-fluorobenzene is also obtained by converting the halogen atom of the 2-fluoro-6-halophenol into a hydroxyl group to thereby form 3-fluorocatechol and subsequently alkyl-etherifying two hydroxyl groups thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for (formula I), where Rf stands for CF3—(CH2)r—, CF3—(CH2)r—O—, CF3—(CH2)r—S—, CF3CF2—S—, SF5—(CH2)r—, [CF3—(CH2)r]2N—, [CF3—(CH2)r]NH— or (CF3)2N—(CH2)r—, B stands for a single bond, O, NH, NR, CH2, C(O)—O, C(O), S, CH2—O, O—C(O), N—C(O), C(O)—N, O—C(O)—N, N—C(O)—N, O—SO2 or SO2—O, R stands for alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, b stands for 0 or 1 and c stands for 0 or 1, q stands for 0 or 1, where at least one radical from b and q stands for 1, and r stands for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, as end group in surface-active compounds, to corresponding novel compounds, and to processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides new fluorinated solvents that have many uses. One such use is as a solvent useful in the deposition of organic active materials in the manufacture of organic electronic devices. The new fluorinated solvents are fluorinated arylethers and can be readily prepared from corresponding phenols and fluorinated olefins.

Abstract: The high efficiency and fidelity of click chemistry permits a large number of diverse dendrimers encompassing a wide variety of functionalities at the chain ends, repeat units, and/or core to be prepared. Almost quantitative yields were obtained during the synthesis. In some cases, filtration or solvent extraction was the only method required for purification. These features represent a significant advancement in dendrimer chemistry and demonstrate an evolving synergy between organic chemistry and functional materials.

Abstract: Fluorinated vinyl ethers are provided having the structure of formula (I) the structure of formula (I) wherein at least one of X and Y is a fluorine atom, and L, R1, R2, R3, R4 are as defined herein. Also provided are copolymers prepared by radical polymerization of (I) and a second monomer that may not be fluorinated. The polymers are useful in lithographic photoresist compositions, particularly chemical amplification resists. In a preferred embodiment, the polymers are substantially transparent to deep ultraviolet (DUV) radiation, and are thus useful in DUV lithographic photoresist compositions. A method for using the composition to generate resist images on a substrate is also provided, i.e., in the manufacture of integrated circuits or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel intermediates for the preparation of coenzymes, processes for the preparation of the intermediates and an improved process for the preparation of Coenzymes. The present invention particularly relates to an improved process for the preparation of Coenzyme Q, more particularly for Conenzyme Q9 and Coenzyme Q10. Still more particularly this invention relates to regio and stereo controlled process for the preparation of Coenzyme Q9 and Coenzyme Q10 of the formula I where n=9 (Coenzyme CoQ9), and where n=10.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a dibromofluorobenzene derivative (compound II) comprising a step 1 wherein a compound (I) represented by the general formula (I) below is reacted with a brominating agent in a solvent. (I) (II) (In the formulae, R1 and R2 independently represent a C1-6 alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general formula R-(A1-Z-)mB—CF2O-A2-(A3)n—R???(I) in which R is alkyl, in which one or more CH2 groups may be replaced, independently of one another, by O, CF2, CH?CH, CH?CF or CF?CF, with the proviso that peroxide structures O—O and formaldehyde acetals O—CH2—O are excluded, A1 is, independently of one another, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,5-1,3-dioxanylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene or A2 and A3 are 1,4-phenylene, in which, independently of one another, from one to four hydrogens may be replaced by fluorine or one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, Z is a single bond, —CH2—CH2—, —CF2—CF2—, —CH?CH—, —CF?CF—, —CH?CF— or —CF?CH—, B is 2,6-disubstituted naphthalene, 2,6-disubstituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene or 2,6-disubstituted trans-decalin, R? is R, F, OCF3, OCF2H, CF3, CI, SF5, CN or NCS, and m and n are, independently of one another, 0 or 1, comprising the following steps: a) conversion of a compound of the genera

Abstract: The present invention relates to copper-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming methods. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of an amide or amine moiety and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In additional embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between a nitrogen atom of an acyl hydrazine and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic, e.g., indole, pyrazole, and indazole, and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate.

Abstract: A process for making fluorovinyl ethers having the formula CFX?CXOCF2OR, wherein R is a C2-C6 linear, branched or C5-C6 cyclic (per)fluoroalkyl group, or a C2-C6 linear, branched (per)fluoro oxyalkyl group containing from one to three oxygen atoms; when R is fluoroalkyl or fluorooxyalkyl group as above defined, it can contain from 1 to 2 atoms, equal or different, selected from the following: H, Cl, Br, I; X=F, H; and homopolymers or polymers obtainable by polymerizing said Fluorovinyl ethers with at least another polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are, independently of one another, H,C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6halogenalkyl, C1-C6alkoxyl, C1-C6alkoxy-C1-C6alkyl, or C1-C6alkoxy-C1-C6alkyloxy, and R3 is C1-C6alkyl, are obtainable in high yiedls by stereoselective addition of R3-substituted propionic acid esters to R1- and R2-substituted benzaldehydes of formula R—CHO to form corresponding 3-R-3-hydroxy-2-R3-propionic acid esters, conversion of the OH group to a leaving group, subsequent regioselective elimination to form 3-R-2-R3-propenic acid esters, and reduction to corresponding 3-R-2-R3-allyl alcohols and their enantioselective hydrogenation, wherein R is (a).

Abstract: The present invention provides a convergent method for the synthesis of ubiquinones and ubiquinone analogues. Also provided are precursors of ubiquinones and their analogues that are useful in the methods of the invention.

Abstract: An ester compound of formula (1) can be produced by making a compound given by formula (2): react with an alkali metal salt of acetic acid in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon, and the obtained ester compound of formula (1) react with an alkali metal hydroxide and water to give a 3-phenoxypropanol compound of formula (3):