Abstract: A method performed by a road identifying system of a vehicle for localization of the vehicle in a multi-level road system. The road identifying system determines with support from a positioning system, a position of the vehicle, identifies, based on the vehicle position with support from at least a first digital map, a multi-level road system in which the vehicle is positioned and obtains image data with support from one or more image capturing devices adapted to capture surroundings of the vehicle. Moreover, the road identifying system determines a road level at which the vehicle is positioned based on feeding the image data through a neural network trained to classify road level based on context of image content and identifies based on the determined road level, with support from the at least first digital map, a road and/or lane of the multi-level road system at which the vehicle is positioned.

Abstract: A cooperative driving system includes a processor and a memory having one or more modules. The modules cause the processor to determine a route that includes a road segment to a destination for an ego vehicle based on (1) an ego vehicle operating parameter that has information regarding a preferred operation of an ego vehicle by an occupant, and (2) a location of a like vehicle with respect to the ego vehicle when the ego vehicle is traveling on at least a portion of the route. The one or more modules also cause the processor to determine a road-segment-level decision for the ego vehicle for the road segment based on the ego vehicle operating parameter, communicate with the like vehicle near the road segment to negotiate the road-segment-level decision to generate a negotiated road-segment-level decision, and maneuver the ego vehicle inside the road segment using the negotiated road-segment-level decision.

Abstract: A moving body positioning system of the present invention includes: a GNSS receiver that is included in a moving body and that receives a GNSS signal transmitted from each of one or more satellites and acquires pieces of observation data respectively corresponding to the satellites; an external data acquisition means that acquires external data; a multipath detection means that detects multipath with respect to an observation data group; and a positioning calculation means that performs positioning calculation after a selection of a satellite to be used and a satellite to be excluded on the basis of a result of the multipath detection.

Abstract: A method of solving a graph simultaneous localization and mapping (graph SLAM) for HD maps using a computing system includes partitioning a graph into a plurality of subgraphs, each of the subgraphs having all of the vertices of the graph and a subset of the edges of the graph. Constrained and non-constrained vertices are defined for the subgraphs. An alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) formulation for Graph SLAM is defined using the partitioned graph. A distributed Graph SLAM algorithm is then defined in terms of the constrained and non-constrained vertices based on the ADMM formulation. The distributed Graph SLAM algorithm is then used to solve the Graph SLAM problem for HD maps.

Abstract: A system and method for mapping a mobile device position on segments that lie between waypoints on a non-linear map by converting real world geographic coordinates of a mobile device to image X, Y coordinates using an image X, Y length or scale of a respective segment as a basis for the conversion. The mobile device position may be mapped in real time and presented to a user via a mobile device. The coordinate may be mapped in real-time to a specific X, Y location on the map and may be presented to a user on a screen, stored in a database, or used in any appropriate way.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improved simultaneous localization and mapping based on 3-D LIDAR image data are presented herein. In one aspect, LIDAR image frames are segmented and clustered before feature detection to improve computational efficiency while maintaining both mapping and localization accuracy. Segmentation involves removing redundant data before feature extraction. Clustering involves grouping pixels associated with similar objects together before feature extraction. In another aspect, features are extracted from LIDAR image frames based on a measured optical property associated with each measured point. The pools of feature points comprise a low resolution feature map associated with each image frame. Low resolution feature maps are aggregated over time to generate high resolution feature maps.

Abstract: A method for generating an occlusion map using crowdsourcing includes receiving occlusion data from a host vehicle. The occlusion data includes a plurality of virtual detection lines each extending from the sensor and intersecting an off-road area. The method further includes marking all non-occluded points that are located inside the off-road area and that are located within a predetermined distance from each plurality of virtual detection lines. The method further includes determining a non-occluded region inside the off-road area using the non-occluded points that have been previously marked inside the off-road area, wherein the non-occluded region is part of non-occlusion data. The method further includes generating an occlusion map using the non-occlusion data. The method further includes transmitting the occlusion map to the host vehicle. The method can also determine an occlusion caused by an elevation peak.

Abstract: The subject disclosure relates to features that improve safety for autonomous vehicle (AV) maneuvers and in particular, that improve safety for parallel parking. A process of the disclosed technology includes steps for initiating a parking maneuver, navigating the AV into a parking location, and detecting a roadway grade with respect to a direction of the AV. In some aspects, the process can further include steps for automatically adjusting a wheel angle of the AV based on the roadway grade with respect to the direction of the AV. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a technique that when a traveling lane is determined by using a plurality of detection methods, can accurately estimate the traveling lane even if any of the detection methods is not sufficient in accuracy. A vehicle control device according to the present invention calculates integrated reliabilities by integrating reliabilities of lane estimation results by a first detector and reliabilities of lane estimation results by a second detector, and estimates a lane in which a vehicle is traveling by comparing the integrated reliabilities with each other.

Abstract: A method for supporting an attentiveness and/or driving readiness of a driver during automated driving operation of a vehicle, including computing a failure probability value using at least one read-in map information signal, environmental condition signal, and/or probability signal. The failure probability value represents a failure probability of a driver assistance system for performing an automated driving operation. The probability signal represents an error probability and/or failure probability of at least one vehicle sensor of the driver assistance system. The method also includes determining a comparison parameter in response to the computed failure probability value, the comparison parameter representing the result of a comparison of an extent of a necessary driving requirement on the traveled travel route of the vehicle to a degree of instantaneous driver attentiveness. The method also includes providing an advance warning signal in response to the determined comparison parameter.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application disclose a vehicle positioning method, an apparatus, an electronic device, a vehicle and a storage medium, and relate to the field of automatic driving technology. A specific implementation includes: obtaining perceptual information of a lane where a vehicle is located, and obtaining high-precision information of the lane from a preset high-precision map, where the perceptual information and the high-precision information both include lane line information, and both include curb information and/or guardrail information; determining matching information of the perceptual information and the high-precision information; generating position information of the vehicle according to the matching information.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided for identifying the reliability of objects within a mapped region for localization and facilitating autonomous control of a vehicle. Methods may include: receiving an indication of an event having event data; assigning at least one object at a location of the event an impact score based on an estimated impact of the event; and providing an indication of a reduction in autonomous vehicle capability in response to the impact score failing to satisfy a predetermined value. The impact score may include a probability that the corresponding object is reliable for localization or autonomous vehicle control. Methods may include providing the indication of a reduction in autonomous vehicle capability to at least one device associated with a vehicle in response to the at least one device associated with the vehicle having a travel path including the at least one road link.

Abstract: A method of localizing a robot includes receiving odometry information plotting locations of the robot and sensor data of the environment about the robot. The method also includes obtaining a series of odometry information members, each including a respective odometry measurement at a respective time. The method also includes obtaining a series of sensor data members, each including a respective sensor measurement at the respective time. The method also includes, for each sensor data member of the series of sensor data members, (i) determining a localization of the robot at the respective time based on the respective sensor data, and (ii) determining an offset of the localization relative to the odometry measurement at the respective time. The method also includes determining whether a variance of the offsets determined for the localizations exceeds a threshold variance. When the variance among the offsets exceeds the threshold variance, a signal is generated.

Abstract: A route planning method includes: receiving a route planning request including information of a starting position and information of a destination position; planning a route from the starting position to the destination position based on conditions about a road including a physical isolation belt; sending a route planning result, the conditions about a road including a physical isolation belt are fused into the route planning.

Abstract: A method includes determining a routing graph based on a map, wherein the routing graph represents locations from the map; determining a routing horizon based on the routing graph, wherein the routing horizon defines a portion of the routing graph that is usable for routing; determining a cost-action structure that includes, for each location of the routing horizon, a cost-to-go value for travel from a respective location from the routing horizon to a destination, wherein the cost-to-go values implicitly describe an optimal route for travel from each of the respective locations from the routing horizon to the destination; receiving, from an autonomous agent, a request that specifies one of the locations from the routing horizon; and providing, to the autonomous agent, information from the cost-action structure based on the specified location from the routing horizon.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an intelligent robot cleaner. The intelligent robot cleaner primarily senses foreign matter sucked through a suction unit under the control of a control unit, and secondarily senses an article collected in a collection unit, if articles other than the foreign matter are sensed, thus allowing a use to recognize accurate information about the article collected in the collection unit and preventing valuables or small articles from being lost. The intelligent robot device may be associated with an artificial intelligence module, a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a robot, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, devices related to 5G services, and the like.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an elevator system utilizes a mobile terminal device having at least one sensor to collect measurement values in an elevator car. The mobile terminal device is carried by a passenger of the elevator system. The collected measurement values are transmitted by the mobile terminal device to a central evaluation unit where they are evaluated. The mobile terminal device activates a measurement mode when it detects that it is located in a region of a shaft door of the elevator system.

Abstract: A method for providing data for a driver assistance system of a motor vehicle includes communicating position data concerning a position of the motor vehicle to the driver assistance system, requesting additional information from a server if the driver assistance system requires additional information with respect to the position data, and communicating, in response to the requesting, the additional information from the server to the driver assistance system.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a process that determines a current location of a mobile device according to a horizontal reference, obtains a corresponding barometric pressure reading at the current location of the mobile device, and determines a current position of the mobile device according to the current location of the mobile device and the corresponding barometric pressure reading. A historical record of positions of the mobile device is updated according to the current position of the mobile device and other positions of the mobile device determined at other times, and a historical record of positions of the mobile device to a map of a facility is updated to obtain a referenced pattern of movement of the mobile device within the facility. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for locating a traffic light at a host vehicle. A probe vehicle obtains image data on an intersection that includes the traffic light when the probe vehicle is at the intersection and identifies the traffic light in the intersection from the data. A remote processor creates an observed node in a digital map corresponding to the traffic light and updates a mapped position of a mapped node within the digital map based on an observed position of the observed node. The host vehicle uses the mapped node of the digital map to locate the traffic light when the host vehicle is at the intersection.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to determine a measure of probe quality, such as a level of accuracy with which the location of a probe point is defined. In the context of a method and for a plurality of probe points, a distance is determined between a respective probe point and a line representative of a link. For the plurality of probe points, the method also includes determining a difference between a bearing of the respective probe point and a bearing of the link. The method further includes determining the measure of probe quality based upon a product of a representation of the distance between the plurality of probe points and the line representative of the link and a representation of the difference between the bearing of the plurality of probe points and the bearing of the link.

Abstract: A computer system and computer-implemented techniques for determining and presenting improved seeding rate recommendations for sowing hybrid seeds in a field is provided. In an embodiment, determining and presenting seeding rate recommendations for a field may be accomplished using a server computer system that receives over a digital communication network, electronic digital data representing hybrid seed properties, including hybrid seed type, and sowing row width. Using digitally programmed seeding query logic, within the server computer system, receiving digital data representing planting parameters including hybrid seed type information and sowing row width. The seeding query logic then retrieves a set of one or more seeding models from an electronic digital seeding data repository based upon the planting parameters. Each of the seeding model retrieved contain a regression model for the hybrid seed type modeling a relationship between plant yield and seeding rate on a specific field.

Abstract: A plurality of instances of probe data are received and used to generate a plurality of probe trajectories. A set of selected probe trajectories is defined using spatial familiarity sampling wherein a familiarity score is determined for each instance of probe data of a probe trajectory based on a familiarity model corresponding to already selected probe trajectories. A least familiar familiarity score for a probe trajectory is identified from the familiarity scores determined for the probe trajectory and a determination of whether the probe trajectory is included in the set of selected probe trajectories is performed based on the least familiar familiarity score for the probe trajectory. Only the probe trajectories of the set of selected probe trajectories are map-matched. The map-matched probe trajectories are then used to generate traffic and/or map information/data which is provided to consumer apparatuses for use in performing navigation functions, for example.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to robotic network, and more particularly to a method and system for hierarchical decomposition of tasks and task planning in a robotic network. While a centralized system is used for action planning in a robotic network, any communication network issues can adversely affect working of the robotic network. Further, hardcoding one or more specific tasks to a robot restricts use of the robots irrespective of capabilities of the robots. The robotic agent decomposes a goal assigned to the robot to multiple sub-goals, and for each sub-goal, identifies one or more tasks to be executed/performed by the robot. An action plan is generated based on all such tasks identified, and the robot executes the action plan, in response to the goal assigned to the robot.

Abstract: A map information system includes: an in-vehicle device that executes driving support control based on map information; an external device having external map information used for the driving support control; and an update determination device. The in-vehicle device further executes external update processing that updates first map information being the map information of a first area by using first external map information being the external map information of the first area. The update determination device calculates a change degree being a difference between the first map information and the first external map information, for each point or each area in the first area. The external update processing is prohibited with respect to a section in which the change degree is equal to or less than a threshold. The external update processing is permitted with respect to a section in which the change degree exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: A system, method and processor readable medium for identifying an operational design domain (ODD) for operation of an autonomous driving system (ADS). In one aspect, a proposed map is used to generate a geographic dataset. Performance of the ADS is evaluated against the geographic dataset under a range of environment& conditions, thereby identifying a bounded-risk portion of a proposed condition space defined by the proposed map and the range of environmental conditions. The operational design domain is identified based on the bounded-risk portion of the proposed condition space. The ODD can be updated as additional data is received. When a vehicle using the ADS is likely to leave the ODD, an operator can be alerted.

Abstract: One or more undesired objects can be detected in a restricted zone at worksite. In one example, a base station is configured to be placed in or around the restricted zone. The base station includes a housing, a sensor suite, and a base station controller. The sensor suite is configured to detect one or more undesired object in a subzone at least partially overlapping with the restricted zone and generate an output signal based on the undesired object. The subzone is limited by a range of detection from the sensor suite. The base station controller can receive the output signal from the sensor suite and transmit an alert signal. A warning indicator can receive the alert signal and activate in response to receiving the alert signal. The warning indicator can be positioned on the base station or on a mobile device located remote from the base station.

Abstract: A first horizontal axis of a plane of a display is determined based on a user input. Angular movement data of the display is collected. A second horizontal axis of the plane of the display is determined based on the angular movement data. A second user input on the display is mapped based on the second horizontal axis.

Abstract: A calibration system for a radar sensor and a method of using the system are disclosed. The method may comprise (a) receiving, from a first sensor in a vehicle, a plurality of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) parameters, wherein the plurality of GNSS parameters define a unique terrestrial position of the first sensor; (b) receiving, from a radar sensor in the vehicle, a plurality of radar parameters, wherein the plurality of radar parameters define a position of a calibration target relative to the radar sensor; (c) repeating the receiving of (a) and (b) at additional unique terrestrial positions of the first sensor; (d) using the plurality of GNSS parameters received in (a) and (c) and the plurality of radar parameters received in (b) and (c), determining corresponding positions of the calibration target; and (e) using the corresponding positions of the calibration target, determining radar calibration parameters.

Abstract: A method may include receiving, with a controller, at least one signal from a communication device associated with a hauling machine. The signal may include position information indicating a position of the hauling machine along a travel path the hauling machine is assigned to traverse extending between a material transfer site to a dump site, a payload capacity of the hauling machine, and an estimated volume of a material loaded into the hauling machine based on the payload capacity of the hauling machine. The method may also include defining, with the controller, a degree of completion of a material transport based on the position information.

Abstract: Provided are a method of performing cloud simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), and a robot and a cloud server for performing the same, and a robot for performing cloud SLAM in real time includes a first sensor configured to acquire sensor data necessary to perform the SLAM, a map storage unit configured to store a map synchronized with a cloud server, a communication unit configured to transmit the sensor data, a feature, or a last frame to the cloud server and receive a local map patch or a global pose from the cloud server, and a control unit configured to generate the sensor data, the feature extracted from the sensor data, or the last frame and control movement of the robot using the local map patch or the global pose received from the cloud server.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe techniques for automatic annotation of environmental features in a map during navigation of a vehicle. The techniques include receiving, by the vehicle located within an environment, a map of the environment. Sensors of the vehicle receive sensor data and semantic data. The sensor data includes a plurality of features of the environment. A geometric model of a feature of the plurality of features is generated. The feature is associated with a drivable area within the environment. A drivable segment is extracted from the drivable area. The drivable segment is segregated into a plurality of geometric blocks, wherein each geometric block corresponds to a characteristic of the drivable area and the geometric model of the feature includes the plurality of geometric blocks. The geometric model is annotated using the semantic data. The annotated geometric model is embedded within the map.

Abstract: A management system for a work vehicle, includes: a traveling condition data generation unit configured to generate traveling condition data of a work vehicle having a notification device configured to notify a moving direction; a notification data generation unit configured to generate notification data for controlling the notification device such that, based on the traveling condition data, the notification device operates in a first state at a time of moving forward of the work vehicle, and the notification device operates in a second state different from the first state at a time of moving backward of the work vehicle; and an output unit configured to output the notification data, to the work vehicle.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to secure a relative relationship when positions are displayed by use of position information transmitted from a plurality of wireless communication devices. Each of the wireless communication devices of the present invention includes a position information acquisition unit and a transmission unit. The position information acquisition unit acquires the position information of the wireless communication devices by the GPS, for example. At that time, the position information acquisition unit also acquires time information when the position information is acquired. The transmission unit transmits transmission data including the position information and the time information when the position information is acquired in a predetermined transmission slot.

Abstract: An apparatus is onboard a vehicle and in communication with sensors onboard the vehicle. The apparatus receives a maplet request identifying a request region; and, responsive to determining that the vehicle is within the request region, processes sensor data captured by sensors to generate a multi-sensor data stream corresponding to a road network segment. The apparatus identifies an observation corresponding to a construction marker within the multi-sensor data stream; and generates a maplet based on the observation and the maplet request. Generating the maplet comprises using a predetermined data model and a predetermined data format corresponding to a construction marker observation class to encode road data corresponding to the observation corresponding to the construction marker. The apparatus provides the maplet such that a network apparatus receives the maplet. The network apparatus is configured to validate/update map data of a digital map representing the road network based on the maplet.

Abstract: A method for coordinating and monitoring objects in a predefined spatial area that includes multiple subareas that are each associated with a respective subarea computing system includes position and movement information of objects in the particular subarea being ascertained by the particular subarea computing system using sensor units. A particular instantaneous surroundings map of the particular subarea is created by the particular subarea computing system using a particular surroundings map of the particular subarea and the position and movement information. The particular instantaneous surroundings maps are transmitted to a shared higher-order computing system which creates an instantaneous surroundings map of the predefined spatial area and, based on the map, coordinates movements of automated mobile objects in the spatial area with ascertainment of movement specifications that are transmitted to the subarea computing systems and from there to the automated mobile objects.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for monitoring on route transportations. The method includes obtaining a driving route of a target vehicle; obtaining a reference position on the driving route away from a first current position of the target vehicle; determining a second current position of the target vehicle after a reference time; determining a distance between the second current position and the reference position is greater than a preset distance; and sending a signal to a target terminal indicating that the target vehicle is off-route.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a method, a computer device, and a storage medium for simultaneous localization and mapping, applied to the field of information processing technologies. In the simultaneous localization and mapping method in the embodiments, edge information of a current frame image captured by an image capturing apparatus is obtained, and the edge information is divided into structural features of a plurality of first components, where each first component may correspond to a partial structure of one object in the current frame image, or correspond to at least one object. Then, a correspondence between first components in the current frame image and second components in a reference frame image may be obtained by matching the structural features of the first components with structural features of the second components in the reference frame image. Finally, the image capturing apparatus may be simultaneously localized according to the correspondence.

Abstract: A system for inspecting vehicle lane keeping performance includes: an on-board diagnostic device (OBD) connected to a controller of a vehicle via controller area network communication to receive driving information; and an inspection terminal installed in the vehicle, connecting short-range wireless communication with the OBD, measuring position information of the vehicle on a road using a precision global positioning system, receiving the driving information to determine whether lane following assist function (LFA) function operates normally when the vehicle crosses over a line of a lane beyond a centerline of the lane and to determine whether a lane keeping assist function (LKA) function operates normally when the vehicle departs from the lane, and controlling the vehicle to move into the lane by applying a steering signal to the vehicle when at least one of the LFA function or LKA function does not operate normally.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe techniques for automatic annotation of environmental features in a map during navigation of a vehicle. The techniques include receiving, by the vehicle located within an environment, a map of the environment. Sensors of the vehicle receive sensor data and semantic data. The sensor data includes a plurality of features of the environment. A geometric model of a feature of the plurality of features is generated. The feature is associated with a drivable area within the environment. A drivable segment is extracted from the drivable area. The drivable segment is segregated into a plurality of geometric blocks, wherein each geometric block corresponds to a characteristic of the drivable area and the geometric model of the feature includes the plurality of geometric blocks. The geometric model is annotated using the semantic data. The annotated geometric model is embedded within the map.

Abstract: A vehicle includes one or more cameras that capture a plurality of two-dimensional images of a three-dimensional object. A light detector and/or a semantic classifier search within those images for lights of the three-dimensional object. A vehicle signal detection module fuses information from the light detector and/or the semantic classifier to produce a semantic meaning for the lights. The vehicle can be controlled based on the semantic meaning. Further, the vehicle can include a depth sensor and an object projector. The object projector can determine regions of interest within the two-dimensional images, based on the depth sensor. The light detector and/or the semantic classifier can use these regions of interest to efficiently perform the search for the lights.

Abstract: In some implementations, a computing device can provide a map application providing a representation of a physical structure of venues (e.g., shopping centers, airports) identified by the application. In addition, the application can provide a unique venue directory, providing an easy and visual mechanism to search for categories of points of interest (e.g., clothes, food, restrooms) or specific items within the venue. Search results can be presented on a map of a floor within the venue as well as a listing providing all search results located within the venue.

Abstract: A road furniture item or another type of road object is detected by at least one sensor. An associated geographic position associated with the road furniture item or road object is determined. After a predetermined time is reached, the geographic position is compared to a local database. A remote database is updated after the predetermined time is reached and according to the comparison with the local database. In some examples, the data indicative of the road furniture item or the road object is deleted based on a confidence level in the local database.

Abstract: A system and connected user mobile device interface for tracking one or more shuttle buses and providing a visual display thereof along with estimated times of arrival at the connected user's location or at the shuttle bus stop closest to the connected user. The tracking system is a learning-based model that tracks vehicle movement to estimate arrival time at pre-determined geo-fence locations based on historical behavior for similar time periods and conditions.

Abstract: Various aspects of a systems and method for place recognition based on a 3D point cloud are disclosed herein. A computer-implemented method for place recognition based on a 3D point cloud, comprising: capturing a 3D point cloud of an area in which the mobile agent is traveling; extracting local features of each point in the captured 3D point cloud; generating a global descriptor of each point of the 3D point cloud using a deep neural network, based on the extracted local features; constructing a place descriptor map of the area based on the generated global descriptors; and recognizing the area by using the generated place descriptor map.

Abstract: Operations may comprise obtaining a first point cloud from a map representing a region. The operations may also include obtaining a second point cloud from one or more sensors of a vehicle traveling through the region. In addition, the operations may include identifying one or more subsets of clusters of second points of the second point cloud. The operations may also include determining correspondences between first points of the first point cloud and cluster points of the one or more subsets of clusters of the second point cloud. Moreover, the operations may include identifying at least a cluster of the one or more subsets of clusters, the identified cluster having, with respect to first points of the first point cloud, a correspondence percentage that is less than a threshold value. The operations may also include adjusting the second point cloud based on the identified cluster.

Abstract: An object detection apparatus is provided with a discriminator applier and a candidate area calculator. The discriminator applier applies a discriminator which detects an object to images acquired in past and calculates object detection information including at least location information of the object detected by the discriminator, in a learning phase. The candidate area calculator performs a machine-learning by use of the object detection information and calculates object candidate area information including at least information specifying a candidate area in which the object may appear in an image.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural observation and treatment system and method of operation. The agricultural treatment system may determine a first real-world geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The system can receive captured images depicting real-world agricultural objects of a geographic scene. The system can associate captured images with the determined geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The treatment system can identify, from a group of mapped and indexed images, images having a second real-word geo-spatial location that is proximate with the first real-world geo-spatial location. The treatment system can compare at least a portion of the identified images with at least a portion of the captured images. The treatment system can determine a target object and emit a fluid projectile at the target object using a treatment device.

Abstract: A system for autonomous or semi-autonomous operation of a vehicle is disclosed. The system includes a machine automation portal (MAP) application configured to enable a computing device to (a) display a map of a work site and (b) provide a graphical user interface that enables a user to (i) define a boundary of an autonomous operating zone on the map and (ii) define a boundary of one or more exclusion zones. The system also includes a robotics processing unit configured to (a) receive the boundary of the autonomous operating zone and the boundary of each exclusion zone from the computing device, (b) generate a planned command path that the vehicle will travel to perform a task within the autonomous operating zone while avoiding each exclusion zone, and (c) control operation of the vehicle so that the vehicle travels the planned command path to perform the task.

Abstract: A dynamic map update device includes a processor configured to: acquire a captured image from a plurality of vehicles, each of the plurality of vehicles having a camera configured to capture surroundings, the captured image being captured by the camera; update a dynamic map of a predetermined area based on the captured image; vary an update frequency of the dynamic map depending on a position among a plurality of positions in the predetermined area; and acquire the captured image from the plurality of vehicles according to the update frequency.