Abstract: Example embodiments are directed to light sensing circuits having a relatively simpler structure by using light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistors as light sensing devices, and remote optical touch panels and image acquisition apparatuses, each including the light sensing circuits. The light sensing circuit includes a light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor in each pixel, wherein the light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor is configured as a light sensing device, and a driving circuit that outputs data. The light sensing circuit may have a relatively simple circuit structure including a plurality of transistors in one pixel. As a result, the structure and operation of the light sensing circuit may be simplified.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a power regulator according to various aspects of the present invention may comprise a sensor adapted to generate a measurement of a voltage or a current. A memory may store a correction parameter that corresponds to the measurement, and a correction system may be adapted to adjust the measurement according to the correction parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the acquisition of color images by a sensor including a plurality of photosites comprising spectral sensitivities that can to be different between photosites. The invention provides for a digital processing of signals emitted by the photosites, which comprises applying a spatial-chromatic transfer function to said signals, taking into account a variety of spectral sensitivities of the photosites. The sensor can then be devoid of a physical matrix of color filters. Spectral calibration of the sensor is also provided for this purpose, thus comprising the following steps: obtaining spectral sensitivity data of each photosite (S91), building a spatial-chromatic transfer function (S94) taking into account a variety of said spectral sensitivities of the photosites, and applying same to the signals emitted by the photosites in order to compensate for the aforementioned variety of sensitivities.

Abstract: The measuring device comprises a detection part provided with a pair of electrode parts to output a potential difference or a current value caused by contacting the respective electrode parts with a measurement object and a main body displaying, as a measurement result, a characteristic value of the measurement object obtained based on the potential difference, wherein the measuring device further comprises: a calibration start command receiving part receiving a calibration start command from a user; a stability degree calculation part calculating a degree of stability of the characteristic value based on a variation amount of the characteristic value; and a display output part displaying a value of the degree of stability itself at least before the calibration start command receiving part receives the calibration start command from the user.

Abstract: A method for determining the amount of specific analyte of a sample which may show interferences by photometric assays, wherein the analyte is quantified from the change in the optical signal of the reaction mixture after the interaction of the analyte with analyte specific reagents. Multiple calibration curves are generated for multiple wavelengths for the specific analyte. An interference test is performed simultaneously to the determination of the specific analyte, for quantifying the amount of interfering substances present in the sample. The amount of each interfering substances is compared to predetermined cut-off values. The optical signal for the specific analyte is measured in the reaction mixture at multiple wavelengths over the complete reaction time, and a calibration curve is selected depending on the interfering substances. The amount of specific analyte is quantified by comparison with the selected calibration curve for the chosen wavelengths.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image projecting device, including a projecting part configured to project an image for calibration onto a projection object, an image capturing part configured to capture an image of an area including the projection object with a projected image for calibration, a binary image producing part configured to calculate plural first thresholds corresponding to plural first divided areas provided by dividing the area, based on a captured image, and to produce a binary image of the captured image, based on the first thresholds, and a corresponding point sampling part configured to sample corresponding points between the image for calibration and the binary image.

Abstract: A system for calibrating and/or verifying system performance of a remote portable EEG system having at least one EEG sensor. Embodiments of the invention can provide various reference signals to calibrate and quality control the remote performance of the data acquisition EEG system. In addition a calibration cable connects a reference signal source to the EEG sensors to enable remote calibration and quality control assessment. Further, a diagnostic biomarker is included to assess the state or function of a subject's brain and enables the classification, prognosis, diagnosis, monitoring of treatment, or response to therapy applied to the brain by measuring any one of a list of candidate features extracted from a given cognitive or sensory task, and measuring changes in the EEG feature and task combination over time, among multiple states, or compared to a normative database.

Abstract: A measurement device, which communicates data to at least one system, and which has the capability of identifying measurement data returned by the system via the data communication as its own, and the capability to rule out manipulation of measurement values without use of a public or non-personal key. The measurement device includes at least an encryption and/or signature encoder that supplies information including a validity and reliability identifier for inspecting the integrity of the data, and compiles said information into a current data set and transfers it to at least said communication interface for transfer, and at least an encryption and/or signature decoder that inspects data sets returned via the communication interface using one or more keys in memory for integrity of data content and identification of the measurement device and, upon successful inspection of this data, supplies said data for further processing, evaluating or displaying.

Abstract: In order to set an inspection area in an inspection apparatus for inspecting a board, a plurality of measurement areas are set on a board, and then reference data and measurement data of at least one adjacent measurement area that is adjacent to a target measurement area for inspecting a measurement target, among the measurement areas, are acquired. Thereafter, at least one feature object is extracted from the adjacent measurement area. Then, a distortion degree is acquired by comparing reference data and measurement data corresponding to the feature object with each other, and thereafter the distortion degree is compensated for, to set an inspection area in the target measurement area. Thus, a conversion relation between the reference data and the measurement data may be correctly acquired, and an inspection area, in which distortion is compensated for, may be correctly set.

Abstract: A battery management system and a battery pack. The battery management system includes a micro computer unit including an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to measure a battery voltage, a voltage generation unit to generate a power voltage of the ADC by using the battery voltage, a voltage measuring unit to measure the power voltage, and an error calibration unit to measure a variation of the power voltage, measured by the voltage measuring unit, by using a reference power voltage, and calibrate the battery voltage, measured by the ADC, by using the measured variation.

Abstract: A capacitance distribution detection circuit includes a multiplexer, a driver, and a sense amplifier. The multiplexer switches states between a first connection state and a second connection state. The first connection state drives first signal lines in parallel so that voltages are applied, outputs, along second signal lines, a linear sum of electric charges stored in capacitors corresponding to that respective one of the second signal lines, and estimates, a capacitance of capacitors formed along that second signal line. The second connection state drives, the second signal lines in parallel so that voltages are applied, outputs, along the first signal lines, a linear sum of electric charges stored in the capacitors corresponding to that respective one of the first signal lines, and estimates, a capacitance of the capacitors formed along that first signal line.

Abstract: A method of determining a calibration time interval for a calibration of a measurement device for measuring a quantity to be measured, which allows a safe optimization of calibration time intervals between consecutive calibrations.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing error detection latency in LPV approaches are provided. In certain embodiments, a method for navigational guidance includes calibrating inertial measurements acquired from an inertial navigation system with satellite-based augmentation system position measurements acquired from a satellite-based augmentation system to create corrected inertial navigation system positions. The method also includes determining whether the satellite-based augmentation system experienced a fault when the inertial measurements were calibrated with the satellite-based augmentation system position measurements. Further, when the satellite-based augmentation system did not experience a fault, the method includes monitoring the satellite-based augmentation system navigation position measurements based on the corrected inertial navigation system positions.

Abstract: A method of calibrating an optical density sensor comprising calculating a first pigment solid density value of an ink solution using a current first electrical output signal value from a photodetector, a current second electrical output signal value from a photodetector, and a current lens gap value, calculating a second pigment solid density value of the ink solution using a previously measured first electrical output signal value, a previously measured second electrical output signal value, and a previously measured lens gap value, comparing the current first electrical output signal value, the current second electrical output signal value, and the current lens gap value with the previously measured first electrical output signal value, the previously measure second electrical output signal value, and the previously measured lens gap value, and comparing the first pigment solid density value with the second pigment solid density value.

Abstract: As single-ended signaling is implemented in higher-speed communications, accurate and consistent reading of the data signal becomes increasingly challenging. In particular, single-ended links can be limited by insufficient timing margins for sampling a received input signal. A single ended receiver provides for improved timing margins by adjusting a reference voltage used to sample the input signal. A calibration pattern is provided to the receiver as the input signal, and the reference voltage is adjusted toward a median value of the signal.

Abstract: A calibration method for brittle fracture assessment parameters for pressure vessel materials based on the Beremin model includes selecting at least two types of specimens of different constraints, and calculating the fracture toughness values K0 corresponding to 63.2% failure probability for each type of specimens at a same calibration temperature by using the respective fracture toughness data. The method proceeds by obtaining the stress-strain curve of the material at the calibration temperature, generating finite element models for each type of specimens, and calculating the maximum principal stress and element volume of every element at K=K0 in each model. A series of values of m are assumed to compute a group of ?u values for each type of specimens, and then m˜?u curves are plotted for each type of specimens. Brittle fracture assessment parameters are then determined for the material according to the coordinates of the intersection of the m˜?u curves.

Abstract: A system has at least one sensor and a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor. The system further has logic configured to calculate a calibration value based upon an initial state of the sensor and store the calibration value in memory.

Abstract: Digital data obtained by converting, by an A/D converter, an angular velocity measured by a sensor is transmitted from a remote control to a game machine. A CPU of the game machine corrects the digital data. That is, the CPU sequentially stores sequential digital data in a buffer. A stable range (d1-d2) in which each digital data can be defined to be stable is calculated for the latest digital data. An average value of those of the digital data stored in the buffer that are consecutively present in the stable range retrogressively from the latest digital data is calculated. Using the average value, the latest digital data is corrected.

Abstract: A device for verifying the integrity of an item of data displayed on a display device controlled by a video controller, the video controller being connected to the display device by an appropriate connection and transmitting to it a video signal including an input interface which allows the device to be connected at a branch of the connection between the video controller and the display device, a reconstruction device which is capable, from the derived video signal, of reconstructing an image corresponding to the image displayed on the display device; an analysis device which is capable of extracting an item of reconstructed data from the reconstructed image, a comparison device which is capable of comparing the reconstructed data with a reference value of the item of data to be displayed and an alarm means which is capable of activating a malfunction alarm in accordance with the result at the output of the comparison device.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is presented. The integrated circuit includes a selection circuit that selects a reference voltage and an output voltage associated with a number of adjustable voltage regulators connected to the selection circuit. The integrated circuit also has an analog to digital converter, which converts the selected output voltage and the reference voltage to a digital representation. An analog state machine of the integrated circuit receives the digital representation from the analog to digital converter and compares the selected output voltage with the reference voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes a processor and memory storing executable instructions that in response to execution by the processor cause the apparatus to at least perform a number of operations. The apparatus is caused to receive a digital image including pixels each of which has a pixel value that has been calibrated according to a first calibration function for calibrating an image for display by a first monitor. The apparatus is caused to transform the pixel value of each of at least some of the pixels to a corresponding transformed pixel value calibrated according to a second calibration function for calibrating an image for display by a second monitor. The apparatus is also caused to cause output of the digital image including the plurality of pixels each of at least some of which has a transformed pixel value, the respective digital image being displayable by the second monitor.

Abstract: An adaptive model training system and method for filtering asset operating data values acquired from a monitored asset for selectively choosing asset operating data values that meet at least one predefined criterion of good data quality while rejecting asset operating data values that fail to meet at least the one predefined criterion of good data quality; and recalibrating a previously trained or calibrated model having a learned scope of normal operation of the asset by utilizing the asset operating data values that meet at least the one predefined criterion of good data quality for adjusting the learned scope of normal operation of the asset for defining a recalibrated model having the adjusted learned scope of normal operation of the asset.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention can provide systems and methods for condition-based power plant sensor calibration. According to one embodiment of the invention, a system can be provided. The system can include a computer processor. The system can also include a memory operable to store computer-executable instructions operable to: receive data from the one or more power plant sensors; reconcile detected errors within the data from the one or more power plant sensors; calibrate the one or more power plant sensors based at least in part on the detected errors within the data; generate at least one performance model based at least in part on the reconciled data from the one or more power plant sensors; detect anomalies within the at least one performance model; and tune the at least one performance model to account for the anomalies.

Abstract: A computer-implemented augmented reality method includes obtaining an image acquired by a computing device running an augmented reality application, identifying image characterizing data in the obtained image, the data identifying characteristic points in the image, comparing the image characterizing data with image characterizing data for a plurality of geo-coded images stored by a computer server system, identifying locations of items in the obtained image using the comparison, and providing, for display on the computing device at the identified locations, data for textual or graphical annotations that correspond to each of the items in the obtained image, and formatted to be displayed with the obtained image or a subsequently acquired image.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for estimating a parameter of interest of an earth formation. An apparatus includes an elongated support member; a primary transmitter on the elongated support member; and a receiver toroid on the elongated support member, the receiver toroid being positioned transversely on the elongated support member and including a single coil antenna. Methods include positioning a logging tool in a borehole in the earth formation; using a transverse receiver toroid on an elongated support member on the logging tool, wherein the transverse receiver toroid includes a single coil antenna; and producing a signal responsive to an electrical signal produced by a primary transmitter.

Abstract: A apparatus according to an embodiment includes a unit to generate first blocks in a writing region in which at least one of writing groups respectively using different base doses is to be written, a unit to generate second blocks for proximity effect correction, in the each of the regions of the groups, a unit to calculate an area density in each of the first blocks, a unit to perform a weighting calculation on the area density for each of the first blocks by using a base dose of a corresponding group, a unit to calculate a dose coefficient for proximity effect correction, for each of the second blocks, by using a corresponding weighted area density, and a unit to calculate a dose by using the base dose of the each of the groups and the dose coefficient of the each of the second blocks.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for computing distance-to-fault (DTF) in communication systems. The techniques can be embodied, for instance, in a DTF system that provides a multi-port probing device and DTF functionality, including computing distances to faults and the fault magnitudes. In addition, the DTF system is further configured with the ability to accurately measure complex reflection coefficient of the UUT, and/or return loss of the UUT. The complex reflection coefficient and/or return loss of the UUT can be computed as a function of known scattering parameters of a multi-port measurement circuit included in the probe of the DTF system.

Abstract: Clock compensation for GPS receivers. A receiver in accordance with the present invention comprises a Radio Frequency (RF) portion, and a baseband portion, coupled to the RF portion, wherein the baseband portion comprises a crystal, an oscillator, coupled to the crystal, wherein the oscillator generates a clock signal based on a signal received from the crystal, a counter, coupled to the oscillator via the clock signal, a comparator, coupled to the counter, a controller, at least one logic gate, coupled to the comparator and the controller, and a combiner, coupled to the at least one logic gate, the controller, and the counter and producing an accurate clock signal therefrom.

Abstract: A user obtains a set of modules, inserts them into slots of a chassis, and interconnects the modules to form a modular instrument. A signal path extends through the modules. To support calibration of the signal path, a first of the modules (or the chassis or a calibration module) includes a calibration signal generator. A computer directs the first module to apply the calibration signal from the generator to the signal path, and measures the power (or amplitude) of the output of the signal path. The computer reads a factory-measured value A of the calibration signal amplitude from a memory of the first module (or the chassis or the calibration module). The value A and the measured output power of the signal path are used to determine a gain of the signal path. The system compensates for that gain when the signal path is used to measure live operational signals.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of an improved scanning tool with a module reprogramming capability are disclosed. In various embodiments, the improved scanning tool uses sophisticated identification software to identify automotive functional modules to identify the modules' part-numbers and resident software revisions. The appropriate update software can then be uploaded and programmed onto the modules of interest with minimal delay and human interaction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calibration of a robot on a platform and a robot, in relation to an object using a measuring unit mounted on the robot including placing CAD models so that the robot reaches the object, manipulating the CAD models to move the measuring unit to a pose in relation to the platform allowing measurement of a feature on the object, storing the pose, and generating a CAD model of the feature. The real robot is moved to the pose, the real platform is moved where measurements of the feature can be made, 3D measurements of the feature are performed and based thereon generating a second CAD model, performing a best fit between the CAD models, and calculating a 6 degrees of freedom pose difference between the CAD models, and instructing the mobile platform to move to compensate for the pose difference.

Abstract: A system and a method of generating an external parameter value for a separately excited motor controller are disclosed, the system including: a digital signal processor to convert a received analog electrical signal into a digital signal and to scale the digital signal, so as to generate a parameter value in conformity with a data format of the system; an external parameter generating module to adjust the parameter value with a calibration coefficient to obtain the external parameter value; the calibration coefficient being generated by a calibration coefficient generating module and being pre-stored in a calibration coefficient storing module; and a calibration coefficient generating module to read the parameter value generated by the digital signal processor and obtain an actual measuring value as a reference parameter value, to calculate a difference value between the parameter value from the digital signal processor and the reference parameter value, and to generate the calibration coefficient from a rat

Abstract: A method for operating a data processing system to perform compliance testing of an instrument system is disclosed. The instrument system includes an underlying instrument and a computerized data system (CDS) that controls the underlying instrument. The method includes causing data indicative of a measurement made on a test sample by the underlying instrument to be received by the data processing system. The data processing system then performs data reduction computations on the received data while the received data is in a technology neutral format using the data processing system to generate one or more outputs in a technology neutral format. A final report in a technology neutral format is then generated with the one or more outputs. The data processing system can be separate from the CDS or a program that runs under the CDS.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed at a method and apparatus for controlling fuel cell operating characteristics. In certain situations, the operating efficiency of fuel cells is degraded to external conditions. Providing a method and apparatus to control operating conditions for the fuel cell assists in improving the operating efficiency. This can be achieved by controlling certain environmental conditions, such as temperature and relatively humidity, in the area surrounding the fuel cell.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for testing of sensors for documents of value and a pertinent test medium. A test medium (1) having an electronic data memory (7) for data is provided, the data being used for testing the sensor (11). The data are transmitted from the test medium to a test device (12), which tests the sensor in dependence on the transmitted data.

Abstract: Described are embodiments to ensure that the equipment utilized to detect antigens is reliable and accurate. If it is determined that a read sensor is degraded a method of calibrating a read sensor of a read head is described. In one embodiment, a method of calibrating a magnetic read sensor includes measuring a first resistance of the magnetic read sensor upon an application of a forward bias current to the magnetic read sensor and measuring a second resistance of the magnetic read sensor upon an application of a reverse bias current to the magnetic read sensor. A calibration constant is determined based on at least the first measured resistance and the second measured resistance. In one embodiment the method further includes storing the determined calibration constant for the magnetic read sensor in memory. Further, in one embodiment the head module having the magnetic read sensor is swept over at least one nanoparticle to obtain a read response of the magnetic read sensor to the nanoparticle.

Abstract: A method of estimating the internal state of a first electrochemical system for power storage is disclosed. The SoC and the electrochemical impedance are determined for different internal states of a second electrochemical system of a same type as the first electrochemical system being studied. An electrochemical impedance model is then defined as a function of the SoC and of parameters. The electrochemical impedance Z of the system studied is determined and its SoC is estimated using the model applied to electrochemical impedance Z.

Abstract: Memory channel training parameters are function of electrical characteristics of memory devices, processor(s) and memory channel(s). Training steps can be skipped if the BIOS can determine that the memory devices, motherboard and processor have not changed since the last boot. Memory devices contain a serial number for tracking purposes and most motherboards contain a serial number. Many processors do not provide a mechanism by which the BIOS can track the processor. Described herein are techniques that allow the BIOS to track a processor and detect a swap without violating privacy/security requirements.

Abstract: Example embodiments are directed to light sensing circuits having a relatively simpler structure by using light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistors as light sensing devices, and remote optical touch panels and image acquisition apparatuses, each including the light sensing circuits. The light sensing circuit includes a light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor in each pixel, wherein the light-sensitive oxide semiconductor transistor is configured as a light sensing device, and a driving circuit that outputs data. The light sensing circuit may have a relatively simple circuit structure including a plurality of transistors in one pixel. As a result, the structure and operation of the light sensing circuit may be simplified.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a measurement unit and a calculation unit, wherein the calculation unit expresses a measurement error of each measurement as a polynomial including a term that has a coefficient whose value is dependent on setting of the measurement area and a term that has a coefficient whose value is not dependent on the setting of the measurement area, obtains a matrix equation with respect to the coefficients of the polynomial by applying a least-squares method to each of the measurement data items for the overlapping region, assigns data about the terms of the polynomial and each of the measurement data items for the overlapping region to the matrix equation, calculates the coefficients of the polynomial from a singular value decomposition of the matrix equation to which the data has been assigned, and corrects each of the measurement data items for the measurement areas by using the coefficients.

Abstract: A Parabolic-Type reflector has a uniform Apparent Brightness over the reflector surface. A model of the reflector is divided into a plurality of elements arrayed radially around the reflector focus. Each element has a length li measured radially from the focus and perpendicular to an optical axis of the reflector, and an initial depth d-initi measured parallel to the optical axis. For each element, a light-angle ?i is calculated, the angle of light from the light source subtended by the element. An Apparent Brightness is found for each element, ABi??i/li. The element emin with the lowest Apparent Brightness ABmin is identified. For each element other than emin a required light-angle is found, the required light-angle ?-corri=ABmin×li. While maintaining li, the initial depth d-initi of the element is reduced to a corrected depth d-corri necessary to achieve ?-corri.

Abstract: A computer for continuous calibration of circuit breaker trip units and metering devices includes a processor and a memory device. The computer is configured to request and receive circuit breaker current data from a plurality of circuit breaker trip units. The circuit breaker current data represents current data associated with the circuit breaker trip units over a collection interval. The computer is configured to receive main current data from a main trip unit. The computer is configured to determine a plurality of calibration factors for the circuit breaker trip units based upon the circuit breaker current data and the main current data. The computer is additionally configured to transmit the calibration factors to the circuit breaker trip units.

Abstract: A method for predicting and correcting metering data in a non-metered section includes collecting energy-related metering data. The method includes generating, when a non-metered section occurs while collecting the metering data, predicted metering data for the non-metered section; and generating corrected metering data for the predicted metering data by analyzing history of the predicted metering data and collected metering data.

Abstract: This document generally describes technology to verify the calibration of a materials testing system, such as a compact tension testing system. The calibration of a materials testing system can be verified based on the results generated from the materials testing system running one or more tests on a calibration specimen with one or more known characteristics.

Abstract: A reference measurement object having known properties is used for the purpose of calibrating a coordinate measuring machine. A plurality of reference measured values are picked up on the reference measurement object. Calibration data are determined using the reference measured values and using the known properties of the reference measurement object. The calibration data comprises a first number of polynomial coefficients that are selected to correct nonlinear measuring errors using at least one polynomial transformation. The first number of polynomial coefficients is reduced in an iterative method to a lesser second number, with a plurality of pairs of polynomial coefficients being formed and with a polynomial coefficient of a pair being eliminated in each case when a statistical dependence between the polynomial coefficients of the pair is greater than a defined threshold value.

Abstract: In general, the invention relates to an algorithm and process for automated and/or continuous calibration of magnetic sensor, for example such as a sensor installed in a mobile positioning system handset. According to certain aspects, the calibration process can use the normal motion of the handset such that all measurement data from the three orthogonal axes of sensor when exposed to Earth's magnetic field is collected. According to still further aspects, the process includes fitting measurement data to an ellipsoid that characterizes the actual magnetic field measurements from a magnetic sensor, so that anomalies such as hard iron effect, soft iron effect and scale factors can be extracted and/or corrected by comparison to a sphere represented by magnetic field data from a model at the sensor's location.

Abstract: A color calibration method and an image processing device using the same are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first image of a calibration card having color blocks, each of which corresponds to a standard value; obtaining first sensing values according to the first image, wherein each of the first sensing values corresponds to one of the standard values; generating a calibration table according to the first sensing values and the standard values; determining if a recursive condition is satisfied. The method also includes: obtaining a second image of the calibration card if the recursive condition is not satisfied; obtaining second sensing values according to the second image; adjusting the second sensing values according to the calibration table to generate third sensing values; updating the calibration table according to the third sensing values and the standard values until the recursive condition is satisfied. Accordingly, the calibration table is generated automatically.

Abstract: A method and system for use in a vehicle. The method includes providing a plurality of fan curves in a vehicle, requesting vehicle information, and selecting a fan curve from the plurality of fan curves based on the vehicle information.

Abstract: A field device for process instrumentation, in particular a measuring transducer, comprising an analogue output to which a two-wire line is connectable for transmitting an analogue output signal. The output circuit contains a controller with an actuator connected downstream for the analogue output signal. A monitoring unit monitors whether an actuating signal remains within a predeterminable value range to monitor the output circuit for correctly setting the loop current. If the actuating signal is outside the value range, an indicator signal is output to a computing unit so that suitable measures can be introduced in response to an error state that has thus been identified.

Abstract: A system and method automatically calibrate a posture sensor, such as by detecting a walking state or a posture change. For example, a three-axis accelerometer can be used to detect a patient's activity or posture. This information can be used to automatically calibrate subsequent posture or acceleration data.