With Nitrogen-containing Substances Patents (Class 71/30)
  • Patent number: 4954155
    Abstract: The instant invention relates to a method utilizing relatively high frequency oscillations for dispersing channelized 2:1 clays during the production of fertilizer suspensions to therein form gels as opposed to the use of mechanical energy such as, for example, that imparted by a pump or agitator. The instant sonic gelling method is effective for use with all fertilizer suspension systems containing the channelized 2:1 clays, sepiolite or attapulgite. The method involves situating the fluid fertilizer-clay mixture to be gelled in juxtaposition with ultrasonic (i.e., sonic) energy generating means.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 1988
    Date of Patent: September 4, 1990
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventors: Jimmie L. Elrod, Robert G. Lee
  • Patent number: 4954156
    Abstract: The invention described herein comprises two principal embodiments. The first embodiment comprises operating procedures related to the instant invention which along with urease inhibition test results demonstrate the use of two classes of N-Halamine compounds (N,N'-DIHALO-2-IMIDAZOLIDINONES and N-HALO-2-OXAZOLIDINONES) as inhibitors of the activity of the enzyme urease in solution and agricultural soil systems. The second embodiment comprises operating procedures related to the instant invention which along with nitrification inhibition test results demonstrate the use of the two classes of N-Halamine compounds (N,N'-DIHALO-2-IMIDAZOLIDINONES and N-HALO-2-OXAZOLIDINONES) as inhibitors of nitrification in agricultural soil systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 17, 1989
    Date of Patent: September 4, 1990
    Assignees: Tennessee Valley Authority, Auburn University
    Inventors: Joe Gautney, Shelby D. Worley, Doris H. Ash
  • Patent number: 4943308
    Abstract: The invention concerns a method of producing fertilizer granules containing urea and ammonium sulphate by granulating a mixture containing urea, ammonium sulphate and water, which is characterized in that the ammonium sulphate is completely dissolved in an aqueous urea solution with a urea concentration of 70-85% by weight, the resulting solution is thickened to a dry content of 92-97% by weight, with a granulation additive for the urea being added in any stage of the treatment, following which the thickened solution is granulated in a fluidized bed of urea and ammonium sulphate containing nuclei.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 24, 1990
    Assignee: Hydro Agri Sluiskil B.V.
    Inventors: Luc A. Vanmarcke, Walter E. Cardon
  • Patent number: 4832728
    Abstract: Relates to a fertilizer product in granular form, to processes for making and using it. The granules have strength, sizes and weights suitable for mechanical dispensing and application to and into the soil. These granules combine particles of a nitrogen source of poor solubility in pH 7 water at 20.degree. C., that converts slowly to a useful form, together with a binder that holds these fine particles together.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 18, 1985
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1989
    Assignee: Melamine Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: G. Graham Allan, Donald E. Freepons, George M. Crews
  • Patent number: 4812158
    Abstract: A fertilizer is effectively prevented from caking with an aqueous composition comprising an aqueous solution obtained by solubilizing a water-insoluble synthetic polymeric compound by a concentrated aqueous solution of a salt of an alkyl sulfate having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an .alpha.-olefinsulfonate having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylsulfonate having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkylbenzenesulfonate having an alkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, said aqueous solution containing a wet spread sticking agent in an amount of 1.0 to 50% by weight based on the synthetic polymeric compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 11, 1988
    Date of Patent: March 14, 1989
    Assignee: Kao Corporation
    Inventors: Tetsuji Iwasaki, Hitoshi Hosokawa
  • Patent number: 4804403
    Abstract: An attrition-resistant, controlled release fertilizer comprising a water-soluble central mass containing nucleophilic reactive functional groups surrounded and chemically bonded to a base coating formed by reacting a molecular excess of a coupling agent with the nucleophilic groups of the central particles, and a water-insoluble layer, surrounding and chemically bonded with the base coating, formed by the reaction and polymerization of the excess functional groups of the coupling agent used in forming the base coating is described. A preparation method is provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 6, 1987
    Date of Patent: February 14, 1989
    Assignee: Melamine Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: William P. Moore
  • Patent number: 4789391
    Abstract: A hydrolyzed lignosulfonate-acrylonitrile graft copolymer matrix providing a slow release solubility to fertilizers. The hydrolysis of the graft copolymer of lignosulfonate and acrylonitrile may be carried out in the presence of an alkali in situ during the fertilizer manufacturing process or in a prehydrolysis step with subsequent use of the hydrolyzed copolymer in the fertilizer manufacturing process to provide a controlled release formulation for various fertilizers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1987
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1988
    Assignee: Reed Lignin Inc.
    Inventor: William J. Detroit
  • Patent number: 4781749
    Abstract: A two stage method for preparing clear, storage stable, controlled release polymethylene urea nitrogen fertilizer solution. In the first stage, urea is reacted with a molar excess of formaldehyde, with temperatures of 75.degree. to 100.degree. C., at near-neutral pHs provided by buffers such as sodium bicarbonate, in the presence of ammonium compounds, until the formaldehyde is substantially converted to methylene moeities. In the second stage, the methylene moeities are reacted with additional urea and ammonium compounds, with temperatures of 75.degree. to 100.degree. C., in a near-neutral buffered solution at a pH of between 6.9 and 8.5, until the added urea is substantially converted to water soluble branched chain polymethylene ureas. Optimum urea to formaldehyde mol ratio in the first stage is between 0.483 and 0.518 to 1 and in the second stage optimum ratio is between 1.3 and 1.5 mols urea per mol of formaldehyde.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1987
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1988
    Assignee: Coron Corporation
    Inventor: William P. Moore
  • Patent number: 4778510
    Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a high-yield method producing novel water soluble triazone compositions having a typical analysis as follows, percentages being based on the total weight of the reaction product: urea at about 17.5%; MMU at about 3.4%; MDU at about 1.0%; HMT at about 4%; water soluble triazone at about 48%; produced by a novel method in which ammonia/HCHO mole ratio is about 0.3, and in which percentage ammonia added and reacted during the initial reaction is about 4.5% by weight of total reactants, initial cooking is for about 45 minutes, followed by final cooking for about 10 minutes, both initial and final cooking are at about 90 degrees Centigrade, at a nitrogen content of about 28%, at an initial cooking-pH maintained immediately after ammonia addition, at about pH 9, and at a lower pH during the final cooking resulting from termination of adding further potassium hydroxide, the optimum mole ratio during the process, of reactants urea, formaldehyde and ammonia, for example, being about 0.9:1:0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 7, 1987
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1988
    Assignee: Triazone Corporation
    Inventor: Edwin F. Hawkins
  • Patent number: 4762546
    Abstract: The present invention teaches novel compositions and techniques for economically producing highly concentrated nitrogen-sulfur suspension fertilizers using cheap and readily available by-product ammonium sulfate or by-product sulfuric acid and ammonia in conjunction with solid, liquid, or suspension nitrogen fertilizers and suspending clay. The products of the instant invention exhibit unique and very desirable physical properties and long-term storage characteristics not heretofore encountered in suspensions containing soluble fertilizer salts. Some of these unique characteristics include virtually no crystal growth during exceptionally long storage periods and near-constant or decreasing viscosity with decrease in temperature.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 13, 1987
    Date of Patent: August 9, 1988
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventor: Jeffrey L. Boles
  • Patent number: 4749402
    Abstract: A method for enhancing the development of mycorrhizae in the root system of a plant. A quantity of a nutrient mixture is applied to the outside surfaces of the foliage of a plant rooted in a growth medium containing propagules of a fungus capable of mycorrhizal infection of the roots, the nutrient mixture containing a source of nitrogen and a source of at least one other element selected from among potassium, phosphorus, zinc, magnesium, boron, manganese, molybdenum, copper, and iron, in an aqueous vehicle. Such application is repeated at intervals over a period of time during which the supply of nutrients by fertilization is provided predominantly through such foliar application.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1984
    Date of Patent: June 7, 1988
    Assignee: The Curators of the University of Missouri
    Inventors: Harold E. Garrett, Gene S. Cox, Robert K. Dixon
  • Patent number: 4698173
    Abstract: A deicing material which is not corrosive to reinforcing steel or aluminum in overpasses and bridges consists essentially of ammonium carbamate and may be combined with urea production by-products or certain alkalis.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 24, 1986
    Date of Patent: October 6, 1987
    Inventor: Charles N. Hansen
  • Patent number: 4696693
    Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of one or more diaminophosphinyl compounds having oxidized sulfur functions, and methods and composition for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of such compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 12, 1986
    Date of Patent: September 29, 1987
    Assignee: Allied Corporation
    Inventors: Michael D. Swerdloff, Milorad M. Rogic, Larry L. Hendrickson
  • Patent number: 4682999
    Abstract: The productivity of plants is enhanced by enhancing one or more physiological responses of photosynthesizing plants by contacting the foliage of such plants during the early stages, i.e. about the first half, of the grand response period for the selected physiological response with a solution containing biuret in an amount and under conditions sufficient to introduce into the plant a non-phytotoxic amount of biuret sufficient to enhance the selected physiological response.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 1985
    Date of Patent: July 28, 1987
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 4652294
    Abstract: Methods of application and compositions of foliar fertilizers are specifically chosen to address crop nutritive demands varying with growth stage. Two separately timed applications of foliar fertilizers are described. One corresponds to a bud emergence or seedling germination stage of plant development and the other corresponds to a reproductive or fruiting period of the crop's life cycle. Concentrations of required nutrients are related to the amount removed in crop production. Leaf surface penetration enhancers are added to each foliar fertilizer to increase nutrient uptake by the plants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1985
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1987
    Assignee: Professional Agricultural Management, Inc.
    Inventor: Scott Arnold
  • Patent number: 4626270
    Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for inhibiting the nitrification of nitrogen-containing fertilizers based on dicyandiamide, which comprises 1 to 40% by weight of a fertilizer which is readily soluble in water and/or ammonia.The present invention also provides a process for the production of this agent, wherein finely particulate dicyandiamide is sprayed with an aqueous solution of a fertilizer which is readily soluble in water and/or ammonia and subsequently dried.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 20, 1984
    Date of Patent: December 2, 1986
    Assignee: SKW Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Horst Michaud, Hermann Raveling, Joachim von Seyerl
  • Patent number: 4617048
    Abstract: A process for producing urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) sodium bentonite suspension from hot urea solution, hot ammonium nitrate solution and dry solid sodium bentonite clay. The dry sodium bentonite clay is added directly to the hot urea solution without the use of expensive chemical dispersants. There is no need for intermediate processing steps involving the dispersion of clay in water, said water normally containing expensive chemical dispersants. After the sodium bentonite has been dispersed in the hot urea solution, then, and only then can the hot ammonium nitrate solution be added. Unexpectedly, the order of addition of the feed material to this process is highly critical. This economical and innovative production process is readily adaptable to existing commercial nitrogen fertilizer production plants and has solved many of the problems which have kept sodium bentonite from being widely used in the production of suspension fertilizers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 26, 1985
    Date of Patent: October 14, 1986
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventors: David G. Salladay, Donald L. Kachelman
  • Patent number: 4610715
    Abstract: A process for preparing a fertilizer, releasing nitrogen slowly, containing ureaform and at least one other fertilizing material, whereinurea and formaldehyde are reacted in aqueous phase at temperatures ranging from 30.degree. to 60.degree. C., and at the following molar ratios: urea/formaldehyde from 1.2 to 2; water/urea from 0.7 to 10, the reaction being carried out at a pH ranging from 2 to 4, by addition of an acid substance;the so-obtained ureaform aqueous suspension is mixed with at least one other fertilizing material and with a portion of the (recycled) final product in an amount such as to give to the mixture a pH ranging from 4.0 to 5.5; the mixture is granulated at temperatures ranging from 50.degree. to 85.degree. C.;before the granulation ends, the pH of the product is increased to values ranging from 5.8 to 7 by the addition of an alkaline substance;the product is dried, and a portion thereof recycled as indicated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 1983
    Date of Patent: September 9, 1986
    Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.
    Inventors: Remo Monaldi, Raffaello Fortibuoni
  • Patent number: 4602927
    Abstract: 4-Alkylimidazole derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is chlorine or bromine and R.sup.3 is an --OR.sup.4 or --NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 group in which R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sub.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 halogen atoms, and its salts, their preparation and their use as nitrification inhibitors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 20, 1984
    Date of Patent: July 29, 1986
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Toni Dockner, Ernst-Heinrich Pommer, Juergen Dressel
  • Patent number: 4599102
    Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a triazone mixture contains triazone present in an amount of at-least about 30% calculated on a dry weight basis of 100% solids, methylenediurea in an amount less than about 2%, monomethylolurea in an amount less than about 3%, and total methylenediurea and monomethylolurea taken-together being less than about 5%, and hexamethylenetetramine in an amount less than about 1%, in water solution, of which on a dry weight basis the ratio of traizone to methylenediurea is at-least about 6 and the ratio of triazone to urea is greater than about 1, of which typically about 80% of the triazone present is of the emperical formula C.sub.3 H.sub.7 N.sub.3 O in cyclic form, and a majority of remaining triazone present is of the emperical formula C.sub.5 H.sub.10 N.sub.4 O.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1985
    Date of Patent: July 8, 1986
    Assignee: Arcadian Corporation
    Inventor: Edwin F. Hawkins
  • Patent number: 4596593
    Abstract: A slow release nitrogen fertilizer comprising a hydrous cured product of urea-formaldehyde condensate in which the total methylol content is 0.1 to 1.0% by weight (based on the weight of hydrous product) and the hot water-dissolution percentage [percentage of the cured product dissolved in hot water at 80.degree. C. when the product has been immersed therein for 30 minutes (based on the weight of anhydrous product)] is 10% by weight or less.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 1984
    Date of Patent: June 24, 1986
    Assignee: Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Shunsuke Tazawa, Katsuhiko Kurihara, Yuzuru Kawagoe, Seinosuke Ando, Kazuhiko Kon
  • Patent number: 4582524
    Abstract: A process for the production of a mixed crystalline non-caking granular mineral fertilizer based on ammonium salts such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium phosphate, as well as mixtures thereof, optionally with further additives, comprising forming a melt or solution susceptible of granulation of the ammonium salts, adding dicyandiamide in an amount to result in a total content of 0.1 to 10% by weight, to the melt or solution susceptible of granulation of the ammonium salt prior to its granulation and then effecting granulation of the ammonium salts.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1984
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1986
    Assignee: SKW Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Fritz Lobitz
  • Patent number: 4571256
    Abstract: A nitrogen fertilizer manifesting fungicidal property against Pathogenic fungi contains as its effective component a water soluble initial condensation product prepared by causing formaldehyde to react with urea. The fertilizer may be admixed with one or more of other fertilizers of various types.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 14, 1985
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1986
    Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kyoritsu Yuki Kogyo Kenkyusho
    Inventors: Shigeki Takagi, Yumiko Urayama
  • Patent number: 4560400
    Abstract: Relates to a fertilizer product in granular form, to processes for making and using it. The granules have strength, sizes and weights suitable for mechanical dispensing and application to and into the soil. These granules combine particles of a nitrogen source of poor solubility in pH 7 water at 20.degree. C., that converts slowly to a useful form, together with a binder that holds these fine particles together.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1983
    Date of Patent: December 24, 1985
    Assignee: Melamine Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: G. Graham Allan, Donald E. Freepons, George M. Crews
  • Patent number: 4559076
    Abstract: Plant nutrient losses from soils due to ammonia volatilization are reduced by the simultaneous application of nitrogen and an additive material which is adsorbed at soil ion exchange sites more readily than is ammonium ion. Useful materials for this purpose include soluble salts of the alkali metals and/or alkaline earth metals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 13, 1984
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1985
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 4554005
    Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a triazone mixture contains triazone present in an amount of at-least about 30% calculated on a dry weight basis of 100% solids, methylene diurea in an amount less than about 2%, monomethylolurea in an amount less than about 3%, and total methylene diurea and monomethylolurea taken-together being less than about 3%, and hexamethylenetetramine in an amount less than about 0.5%, in water solution, of which on a dry weight basis the ratio of triazone to methylene diurea is at-least about 13 and the ratio of triazone to urea is greater than about 0.5, of which typically about 80% of the triazone present is of the emperical formula C.sub.3 M.sub.7 N.sub.3 O in cyclic form, and a majority of remaining triazone present is of the emperical formula C.sub.5 M.sub.10 N.sub.4 O.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1984
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1985
    Assignee: Arcadian Corporation
    Inventor: Edwin F. Hawkins
  • Patent number: 4551166
    Abstract: The invention relates to a nitrogen fertilizer having a long-term action based on urea-formaldehyde condensation products suspended in water. The fertilizer contains dicyandiamide in an amount of from 5 to 35% by weight of dicyandiamide-nitrogen, based on the nitrogen content of the urea, and from 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of polymers of vinyl alcohol or polymers of aldehyde-carboxylic acids, based on the weight of the suspension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 21, 1984
    Date of Patent: November 5, 1985
    Assignee: SKW Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Horst Behnke, Horst Michaud, Joseph Seeholzer, Svatoplug Solansky
  • Patent number: 4531962
    Abstract: In the first embodiment of our invention, solution type fertilizers are produced by reacting phosphoric acid with urea-ammonium nitrate solution (35 percent CO{NH.sub.2 }.sub.2, 45 percent NH.sub.4 NO.sub.3, and 20 percent H.sub.2 O), and urea. In the second embodiment of our invention, the same solution is produced by reacting phosphoric acid with a urea-ammonium nitrate suspension that contains 36 percent nitrogen, 56 percent urea, and 29 percent ammonium nitrate. The ammonium nitrate portion of the nitrogen solution in said first embodiment reacts with the urea and phosphoric acid to produce urea nitrate (CO{NH}.sub.2.HNO.sub.3) and ammonium phosphate (probably NH.sub.4 H.sub.2 PO.sub.4). This solution contains rapidly available nitrate nitrogen as well as ammonium type nitrogen that is more slowly available than nitrate nitrogen. Similar results were obtained in said second embodiment when nitrogen solution and urea were reacted with sulfuric acid. The resulting solution contained CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2.HNO.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 4, 1984
    Date of Patent: July 30, 1985
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventors: Frank P. Achorn, Carl A. Cole, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4508558
    Abstract: Urea-ammonia-water solutions having a total nitrogen content between about 30 and 37 percent by weight commence crystallization at unexpectedly low temperatures. As a result, such solutions, when employed as a fertilizer, remain in the liquid state under a wider range of temperature conditions than heretofore believed possible.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 14, 1982
    Date of Patent: April 2, 1985
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 4507139
    Abstract: The present invention relates to the reaction of phosphate rock with nitric acid and urea to produce nitrogen-phosphorus containing slurries, which slurries, in turn, may be granulated and dried to produce solid N-P fertilizer products with agronomically advantageous low pHs (1.0-4.0). The products have excellent storage characteristics. The improved properties of these products result partially from the formation of a new compound, Ca(H.sub.2 PO.sub.4)(NO.sub.3).CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2, which was discovered during the course of the investigation that led to the instant invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 26, 1984
    Date of Patent: March 26, 1985
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventors: Jack M. Sullivan, Yong K. Kim, Kjell R. Waerstad
  • Patent number: 4500336
    Abstract: A process for making granules containing urea as the main component by prilling or granulating a urea melt or an aqueous urea solution, which melt or solution may contain one or more other fertilizers, such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, in solution and/or suspension. According to the invention, a water-soluble aluminum salt is added to the melt, solution or suspension to be prilled or granulated. Preferably the aluminum salt is added in a quantity equivalent to at least 0.1% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, calculated on the solid content of the melt, solution or suspension.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1982
    Date of Patent: February 19, 1985
    Assignee: Compagnie Neerlandaise de l'Azote (Societe Anonyme)
    Inventors: Willy H. P. Van Hijfte, Luc A. Vanmarcke
  • Patent number: 4478632
    Abstract: A process for making granules containing urea as the main component by spraying an aqueous urea solution having a urea concentration of 85-98% by weight, to which solution magnesium hydroxide, an inorganic magnesium salt or a mixture of such substances has been added as a crystallization retarder for the urea, and which solution optionally contains one or more other fertilizers in solution and/or suspension, is sprayed in the form of very fine droplets having an average diameter of between 20 and 120 micron into a fluidized bed of urea particles at a temperature at which the water on the solutions sprayed onto the particles is evaporated, and urea or urea containing material solidifies on the particles, to form granules having a desired size. The urea granules thus produced are compatible with single and triple superphosphate granules.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1982
    Date of Patent: October 23, 1984
    Assignee: Compagnie Neerlandaise de l'Azote (Soci'ete' Anonyme)
    Inventors: Willy H. P. Van Hijfte, Luc A. Vanmarcke
  • Patent number: 4439223
    Abstract: Highly concentrated nitrogen suspension fertilizers which have excellent long-term storage and handling properties in both warm and severely cold weather are produced from urea, ammonium nitrate, water, and attapulgite clay and contain urea crystals suspended in a saturated solution containing urea and ammonium nitrate. The compositions must be maintained within a very narrow range to produce satisfactory suspensions. Deviation from this narrow range results in poor quality, unusable products. For prevention of scale formation and production of small crystals, the products are cooled in two or more stages with gelling-type clay added prior to or during crystallization and with air cooling used in the cooling stage(s) involving crystallization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 1983
    Date of Patent: March 27, 1984
    Assignee: Tennessee Valley Authority
    Inventors: Jeffrey L. Boles, Thomas M. Jones
  • Patent number: 4426396
    Abstract: The growth of microorganisms in stored crops, and especially in animal feedstuffs, is inhibited by the application, in the presence of urease, of a preservative composition which comprises ammonia, urea and urea polymers in a fluid medium. Urea polymers which are useful include biuret, triuret, cyanuric acid, urea cyanurate and other compounds which decompose to form ammonia. The effect of treatment with the preservative composition is to provide an immediate microorganism-inhibiting ammonia level, which, due to delayed decomposition of the urea and urea polymers, is sustained to some significant degree during prolonged storage of the treated material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 11, 1981
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1984
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 4421545
    Abstract: This invention relates to an improved annealing process for preparing melamine-urea fertilizer granular agglomerates having increased crush strength.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1982
    Date of Patent: December 20, 1983
    Assignee: Melamine Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventor: George M. Crews
  • Patent number: 4388101
    Abstract: A "non-pressure" liquid fertilizer containing nitrogen and sulfur can be prepared by a process comprising (a) mixing sulfuric acid in water, (b) dissolving urea into the resulting solution, and (c) adding anhydrous ammonia in an amount sufficient to bring the pH of the solution to between about 6 and 8. The resulting liquid fertilizers can typically contain in the range of about 19 to about 25% nitrogen and in the range of about 3 to 6% sulfur and remain substantially free from crystals when stored at temperatures above about 40.degree. F. A 19-0-0 liquid fertilizer containing about 3% S (as sulfate) remained crystal free when stored for about a month at about 32.degree. F. The "non-pressure" liquid can be blended with dispersion-type fertilizers. Dispersion-type fertilizers of low phosphate content can be made by substituting phosphoric acid for some or all of the sulfuric acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 1979
    Date of Patent: June 14, 1983
    Assignee: Occidental Chemical Agricultural Products, Inc.
    Inventor: Robert L. Lowder
  • Patent number: 4356021
    Abstract: A homogeneous, zinc-containing liquid fertilizer concentrate is prepared by mixing, in aqueous solution, ammonium thiosulfate and zinc oxide. This zinc-containing concentrate is suitable for mixing with a liquid fertilizer preparation such as aqueous ammonium polyphosphate to prepare a complete zinc-containing fertilizer solution. The nutrient value of the concentrate and the fertilizer can be enhanced by the addition of a potassium salt or nitrogen solution. The long-term stability of the fertilizer solution can be improved by the addition of attapulgus clay.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1980
    Date of Patent: October 26, 1982
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventor: Joseph R. Kenton
  • Patent number: 4345931
    Abstract: Water-soluble fertilizer pastes containing 58 to 88% by weight of water-soluble plant nutrients, 0 to 5% by weight of water-soluble micronutrients, 4 to 12% by weight of polyglycol ethers having at least 9 ethylene oxide units and/or water-soluble polyglycol ether derivatives having at least 8 ethylene oxide units per molecule and 8 to 25% by weight of water, process for their manufacture and their use for plant fertilization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 1979
    Date of Patent: August 24, 1982
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Klaus Meyer
  • Patent number: 4328024
    Abstract: A slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is disclosed employing proteinaceous animal food materials which are stabilized against decomposition and decay for extended periods of time when stored at ambient temperatures. The treated animal food materials are useful as fertilizer compositions, as food supplements or as bait for fish and crustaceans, such as crab. The animal food material is comminuted together to a finely divided state of the consistency of a thick soup with at least 4% by weight, based on the weight of the animal food material, of a polyol having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups. Edible polyols are used when the end product is to be used as a bait or food supplement. Anti-oxidants and/or mold inhibitors are also preferably added to the animal food material/polyol mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 21, 1980
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1982
    Assignee: Puget Sound Salmon Egg Co.
    Inventor: George O. Orth, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4240817
    Abstract: A water absorbable urea resin foam mat which contains alkylene glycols and inorganic salts, and which is effective for raising seedling of crops.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 16, 1976
    Date of Patent: December 23, 1980
    Assignee: Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Iwao Takizawa, Iwao Otsubo, Toru Shimizu
  • Patent number: 4239522
    Abstract: Stable low freeze point fertilizer solutions containing nitrogen, and sulfur are disclosed. The solutions contain specified ratios of ammonium nitrate, urea, and ammonium sulfate; such that the solutions are storage stable.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 13, 1979
    Date of Patent: December 16, 1980
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventors: Joseph F. Wilson, Lawrence M. Fodor, Joseph R. Kenton
  • Patent number: 4234332
    Abstract: Aqueous solutions of commonly used fertilizers which also contain dicyandiamide, in an amount to provide at least 10% by weight of dicyandiamide nitrogen, are effective nitrification inhibitors and have an improved capacity to dissolve micronutrients to form solutions of improved micronutrient stability.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 23, 1979
    Date of Patent: November 18, 1980
    Assignee: SKW Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Horst Michaud, Georg Rieder, Josef Seeholzer
  • Patent number: 4230479
    Abstract: A hot blended urea/ammonium nitrate solution is cooled to below about 170.degree. F., and then treated with nitric acid to substantially neutralize residual free ammonia, and thus reducing salting out temperatures in the treated solution, and reducing loss of urea.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1979
    Date of Patent: October 28, 1980
    Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Company
    Inventor: Robert C. Richardson
  • Patent number: 4219348
    Abstract: Storage-stable fertilizer compositions comprising aqueous solutions of zinc nitrate, ammonium nitrate and optionally, urea, in minor amounts, are provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 16, 1978
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1980
    Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Thomas M. Parham, Jr., James E. Sansing
  • Patent number: 4214888
    Abstract: Aqueous urea solutions particularly suited for foliar fertilization are disclosed. They are characterized by low phytotoxicity, low corrosivity, and improved toxicity stability and comprise urea nitrogen and between about 0.005 and about 0.1 molar equivalents per mole of urea of a pH buffer having a buffering point between about 6 and about 7.6. Also provided are aqueous urea solutions suitable for foliar application containing mineral or organic acids, or both, in the presence or absence of a pH buffer having pH values between about 6 and 7.6. Either solution is foliarly applied at substantially non-toxic rates of at least about 10 pounds of nitrogen per acre.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 5, 1978
    Date of Patent: July 29, 1980
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Donald C. Young
  • Patent number: 4191550
    Abstract: Storage-stable fertilizer compositions exhibiting exceptionally low salt-out temperatures comprising aqueous solutions of magnesium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and urea, present in particular proportions, are provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 1978
    Date of Patent: March 4, 1980
    Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Edwin F. Hawkins, Thomas M. Parham, Jr.
  • Patent number: T101803
    Abstract: A process for production of highly concentrated nitrogen sulfur suspension fertilizers, with excellent long-term storage and handling properties, from ammonia, sulfuric acid, and urea. Satisfactory operation of the process and production of high-quality suspensions requires the use of a novel cooling procedure. For prevention of scale formation and production of small crystals, the product is cooled in two or more stages with gelling type clay added prior to or during crystallization and with air cooling used in the cooling stage(s) involving crystallization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 27, 1981
    Date of Patent: May 4, 1982
    Inventors: Thomas M. Jones, Jeffrey L. Boles
  • Patent number: T104101
    Abstract: Highly concentrated nitrogen suspension fertilizers which have excellent long-term storage and handling properties in both warm and severely cold weather are produced from urea, ammonium nitrate, water, and attapulgite clay and contain urea crystals suspended in a saturated solution containing urea and ammonium nitrate. The compositions must be maintained within a very narrow range to produce suspensions satisfactory for commercial use. This narrow composition range is such that the saturation temperatures and nitrogen contents of the products fall within specific ranges. Deviation from these ranges results in poor quality, commercially unusable products. If the saturation temperature or nitrogen content is too high, the product is too viscous to be pumped or applied to the soil. If the saturation temperature is too low, the product contains excessively large crystals which settle to the bottom of storage and shipping tanks and clog spray nozzles in suspension application equipment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 10, 1982
    Date of Patent: April 3, 1984
    Inventors: Jeffrey L. Boles, Thomas M. Jones
  • Patent number: T104701
    Abstract: In the first embodiment of the present invention, solution type fertilizers are produced by reacting phosphoric acid with urea-ammonium nitrate solution (35 percent CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2, 45 percent NH.sub.4 NO.sub.3, and 20 percent H.sub.2 O), and urea. In the second embodiment, the same solution is produced by reacting phosphoric acid with a urea-ammonium nitrate suspension that contains 36 percent nitrogen, 56 percent urea, and 29 percent ammonium nitrate. The ammonium nitrate portion of the nitrogen solution in said first embodiment reacts with the urea and phosphoric acid to produce urea nitrate (CO{NH}.sub.2.HNO.sub.3) and ammonium phosphate (probably NH.sub.4 H.sub.2 PO.sub.4). This solution contains rapidly available nitrate nitrogen as well as ammonium type nitrogen that is more slowly available than nitrate nitrogen. Similar results were obtained in said second embodiment when nitrogen solution and urea were reacted with sulfuric acid. The resulting solution contained CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2.HNO.sub.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 12, 1984
    Date of Patent: October 2, 1984
    Inventors: Frank P. Achorn, Carl A. Cole, Jr.
  • Patent number: H620
    Abstract: Conifer growth is stimulated by topical and/or foliar application of biuret which achieves direct contact of biuret with the conifer roots and/or foliage respectively. Foliar application is more effective on older trees. Optionally, undesired vegetation, such as ferns and broad-leaf plants, is controlled and conifer growth is promoted by application of biuret-containing solutions to the foliage of all plants. Novel compositions particularly useful in these methods contain biuret and a surfactant and/or polar solvent other than water sufficient to facilitate foliage wetting.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1987
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1989
    Inventor: Donald C. Young