Abstract: The invention provides a process for the regeneration of at least one adsorbent bed, comprising at least the steps of: (a) contacting a first adsorbent bed (B1) with a gaseous stream (10) such that at least a portion of adsorbed species in said first adsorbent bed (B1) are released; (b) cooling a second adsorbent bed (B2); wherein a bypass (20) is provided around the second adsorbent bed (B2) and the gaseous stream (10), before contact with the first adsorbent bed (B1), is directed to at least one of (i) the second adsorbent bed (B2), and (ii) the bypass (20) around the second adsorbent bed (B2), wherein the proportion of gaseous stream (10) flowing through the bypass (20) is controlled.

Abstract: The system and method for recycling and using the heat from compressed gas produced by a biogas treatment plant. The system includes a biogas cleaning stage and a plurality of compression and heat exchanger stages that allows the heat generated by compressed gases to be harvested. After the heat is harvested, it is delivered to a jacketed vessel containing media used to remove contaminants from the biogas. The media inside the jacketed vessel requires regeneration or stripping of harmful VOCs and other contaminants picked up from the biogas. The system also includes an inert gas generator that creates hot inert gas that is delivered to the jacketed vessel that heats the media located therein to remove contaminants. Because the jacket vessel and the media are simultaneously heated, the system's heat-up time is reduced The system also includes a heat exchanger that partially recovers the heat from the inert gas.

Abstract: Heat-exchangers and biogas conditioners including a heat exchange member disposed between upper and lower flanges of the apparatus in which at least the heat exchange member is formed of a highly thermally conductive material (e.g., at least 50 W/m?K) such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. A bed of zeolite is loaded within the apparatus so as to be in contact with the heat exchange member. The heat exchange member is shaped and configured so that any given location of the zeolite bed is no more than about 3 inches from the heat exchange member comprising the highly thermally conductive material.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions, apparatus, and methods comprising sorbent fibers. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention are directed towards sorbent fiber compositions for temperature swing adsorption processes. Various embodiments of the present invention comprise sorbent fiber compositions, apparatus comprising a plurality of sorbent fibers, and methods of using the same for the capture of at least one component from a medium, for example CO2 from flue gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to auxiliary systems ensuring functioning of alkaline fuel cell (AFC), in particular to a method and device for sorptive purification of air used in an AFC of carbon dioxide. In accordance with the invention, in the method for purifying air for a fuel cell, the starting air is passed through an adsorber with an adsorbent of carbon dioxide, then the adsorbent is regenerated. After utilization the adsorbent comprising hydrated oxides of transition metals is regenerated at a temperature of 60-120° C. by the air spent in the fuel cell.

Abstract: A device for adsorption treatment of a fluid or fluid stream, comprising a container for receiving adsorber material, wherein the container has a fluid inlet opening and a fluid outlet opening, and two fluid connection devices, wherein one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid inlet opening and the other one of the fluid connection devices is provided at the fluid outlet opening, wherein the fluid connection devices are locked in a fluid-tight manner and are designed in such a way that they can each be connected to a fluid line connector and unlocked and, if they are connected to the respective fluid line connector they can be unlocked or are unlocked.

Abstract: During the conventional temperature swing adsorption (TSA) process, NF3 co-adsorbed with the impurities is vented during regeneration. This invention is a novel TSA cycle in which the co-adsorbed NF3 is recovered. In this novel TSA cycle, a control scheme is used to stop the adsorption prior to the saturation of the adsorber with impurities and use a recovery purge gas (either co-current or counter-current) to release the co-adsorbed NF3 off the saturated adsorber. The effluent of the inert purge gas can be combined with the effluent of the on-stream vessel or can be recycled to the feed of the on-stream vessel. 10%-100% of the co-adsorbed NF3 is recovered and made available as product in this novel TSA cycle. Thus the overall process yield of NF3 is increased. The removing of the co-adsorbed NF3 from the adsorber also prevents adsorber degradation thus prolonging the useful life of the adsorber.

Abstract: A method of transferring filter media between a media bed of a dry scrubber and a filter media container, comprising placing the media bed in flow communication with the filter media container, obstructing a majority of an airflow path of the media bed, the airflow path extending from an unfiltered air input opening of the dry scrubber, through the media bed of the dry bed scrubber, to a filtered air output opening of said dry bed scrubber, powering a blower in the airflow path of the media bed when the airflow path is obstructed and the media bed is in flow communication with the filter media container, whereby the filter media is transferred between the media bed and the filter media container.

Abstract: The present invention provides for various processes for recovering high purity gaseous hydrogen and high purity gaseous carbon dioxide from the gas stream produced using steam hydrocarbon reforming, especially steam methane reforming, utilizing a H2 pressure swing adsorption unit in combination with either a CO2 pressure swing adsorption unit in combination with a membrane separation unit or a CO2 pressure vacuum swing adsorption unit in combination with a membrane separation unit. The present invention further relates to a process for optimizing the recovery of carbon dioxide from waste gas streams produced during the hydrogen purification step of a steam hydrocarbon reforming/water gas shift reactor/H2 pressure swing adsorption unit utilizing either a CO2 pressure swing adsorption unit in combination with a membrane separation unit or a CO2 pressure vacuum swing adsorption unit in combination with a membrane separation unit.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for separating gas components from a gas stream. The methods are particularly advantageous in that an environmentally friendly biomass absorbent is used to assist in the separation process. The invention is particularly suited to separate water soluble gas components from a gas stream. The water soluble gas components can be used to condition the biomass for additional use, such as a conditioned feed for a biofuel. In general, the conditioned biomass will have increased enzyme digestibility, making the conditioned biomass highly suitable as feedstock for biofuel production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems for purifying gases, such as for example semiconductor process gases. The invention more particularly relates to fluid purification methods and systems having improved heat transfer capabilities and controls such that the purified fluid produced from the process contains reduced impurity levels and/or exhibits more uniform concentrations within the final product. In another aspect of the invention, the activation time for adsorbent beds used in such processes and systems can be reduced.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions, apparatus, and methods comprising sorbent fibers. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention are directed towards sorbent fiber compositions for temperature swing adsorption processes. Various embodiments of the present invention comprise sorbent fiber compositions, apparatus comprising a plurality of sorbent fibers, and methods of using the same for the capture of at least one component from a medium, for example CO2 from flue gas.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a composite hydrogen storage material comprising active material particles and a binder, wherein the binder immobilizes the active material particles sufficient to maintain relative spatial relationships between the active material particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air cleaner, and more particularly to an air cleaner which includes a regenerative deodorizing filter to purify and treat gaseous substances contained in air, thus enabling efficient regeneration of the regenerative deodorizing filter, and a method of regenerating the filter of the air cleaner.

Abstract: Method for recovering a desired component from a waste gas comprising (a) at an operating facility, introducing a waste gas comprising the desired component and one or more undesired components into an adsorber containing adsorbent material selective for the desired component, adsorbing at least a portion of the desired component therein, (b) terminating flow of waste gas into the adsorber; and (c) recovering and concentrating the desired component by either (1) isolating the adsorber, transporting the adsorber to a central processing facility, or (2) withdrawing from the adsorber an intermediate gas enriched in the desired component, compressing the intermediate gas and storing it in a vessel, isolating the vessel, transporting the vessel to a central processing facility to provide a concentrated product further enriched in the desired component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating oxygen at high temperature by means of a material comprising at least one compound according to the formula AxBO2-?.yH2O with a lamellar structure composed of sheets generated by the sequence of octahedra connected to one another by the edges, whereby A is at least one of the elements IA or IIA of the periodic classification of elements, B is at least one of the elements IIIB to IIB of the periodic classification of the elements, 0<x?2, 0?y?2, and ?0.4???0.4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a swellable, sorbent material formed of a sol-gel derived composition having a porous matrix and a sorbent property modifier intermixed with at least a portion of the porous matrix. The sorbent property modifier modifies a sorbent property of the sorbent material when compared to the same sorbent property of the corresponding, unmodified sol-gel derived composition.

Abstract: A high efficiency gas concentrating apparatus includes an air compressor for supplying high pressure air, first and second adsorption towers that are disposed above the air compressor and communicating with the air compressor to adsorb nitrogen and concentrate oxygen as the high pressure air is alternately supplied thereto, first and second concentrating passages that are disposed above the respective first and second adsorption towers to discharge the concentrated oxygen, and a cleaning tank that is disposed between the first and second concentrating passages to receive a portion of the concentrated oxygen from one of the first and second adsorption towers, temporarily store the received concentrated oxygen therein, and alternately remove adsorbed nitrogen by supplying the temporarily concentrated oxygen to the other of the first and second adsorption towers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extracting CO2 from air comprising an anion exchange material formed in a matrix exposed to a flow of the air, and for delivering that extracted CO2 to controlled environments. The present invention contemplates the extraction of CO2 from air using conventional extraction methods or by using one of the extraction methods disclosed; e.g., humidity swing or electro dialysis. The present invention also provides delivery of the CO2 to greenhouses where increased levels of CO2 will improve conditions for growth. Alternatively, the CO2 is fed to an algae culture.

Abstract: A process for removing polar components from a process stream in a refinery process without cooling the process stream. The process stream is fed to a first adsorber unit to remove contaminants containing sulfur at substantially the same elevated temperature by exposing the process stream to a metal oxide and/or a mixed metal oxide to remove the sulfur containing contaminants and produce a metal sulfide and a desulfurized process stream. The metal sulfide may be regenerated by exposing it to a stream of oxygen and the desulfurized process stream exposed to the regenerated metal/mixed metal oxide to remove moisture from the stream. The stream is then processed within a second adsorber unit to remove nitrogen containing contaminants at substantially the same elevated temperature by exposing the stream to a molecular sieve and/or zeolite.

Abstract: Methods for performing separation of gaseous entities via contacting the gaseous entities with a sorbent material including a porous structured organic film including a plurality of segments and a plurality of linkers arranged as a covalent organic framework, wherein at a macroscopic level the covalent organic framework is a film are described.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a vessel containing a fluid including at least one reactant; a fluid transfer device receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the vessel; at least one drier receiving the fluid including at least one reactant from the fluid transfer device; and a reactor communicating with the at least one drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant. In addition, the at least one drier may communicate with the vessel at least by sending the fluid including at least one reactant or the regenerant through a fluid tapering device for at least one of regulating the flow and reducing the pressure of the regenerant to the vessel.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be an apparatus for isomerizing a hydrocarbon stream rich in a C4 hydrocarbon and/or at least one of a C5 and C6 hydrocarbon. The apparatus can include: a first drier and a second drier adapted to receive a fluid including at least one reactant; and a reaction zone communicating with the first drier to receive the fluid including at least one reactant and with the second drier to receive the regenerant. Generally, the first drier operates at a first condition to dry the fluid including at least one reactant and the second drier operates at a second condition during regeneration with a regenerant. The regenerant can pass through a fluid tapering device for regulating the flow of the regenerant to the reaction zone.

Abstract: Rotary valves are disclosed, comprising a seal sheet affixed to a rotor. At least some area, namely a “rotor plate surface mating area” is provided, over which a seal sheet anchoring assembly can directly abut, along a planar portion, the rotor plate surface that is in contact with the seal sheet. This advantageously provides an area of direct contacting between the seal sheet anchoring assembly, or one of its components, and the rotor plate, with the abutting surfaces being defined by consistently rigid materials (e.g., metals such as stainless steel) that undergo substantially no deformation, compression, or softening over conditions of normal operation.

Abstract: A hydrogen manufacturing system for performing offgas flow control includes: a vaporizer (1) for heating a material mixture containing a hydrocarbon material; a reforming reactor (2) for generating hydrogen-containing reformed gas by reforming reactions of the material; a PSA separator (5) for repeating a cycle of adsorption and desorption, where in the adsorption PSA separation is performed with an adsorption tower loaded with an adsorbent to adsorb unnecessary components in the reformed gas and extract hydrogen-enriched gas out of the tower, and in the desorption the offgas containing the unnecessary components from the adsorbent and remaining hydrogen is discharged from the tower; and a buffer tank (6) for holding the offgas before supplying to the vaporizer. The offgas flow supply from the tank (6) to the vaporizer is changed continuously over time when the cycle time is changed according to load change on the separator (5).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems and methods for treating landfill gas using landfill leachate. In one embodiment of the present invention, a method includes receiving landfill leachate from at least one of a plurality of sources, and pretreating the landfill leachate to adjust at least one chemical property of at least one component of the landfill leachate. The leachate contacts landfill gas, so that at least one component of the landfill gas chemically reacts with at least one component of the landfill leachate to form a spent landfill leachate and a treated landfill gas. The method also includes recycling a first portion of the spent landfill leachate, recirculating a second portion of the spent landfill leachate to at least one of the plurality of sources, and subjecting the treated landfill gas to flare.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide-containing feed stream such as flue gas is treated to produce a high-purity carbon dioxide stream by a series of steps including removing SOx and NOx with activated carbon, carrying out subambient-temperature processing to produce a product stream and a vent stream, and treating the vent stream by pressure swing adsorption or by physical or chemical absorption to produce a product stream which is recycled to the feed stream.

Abstract: An apparatus for capture and sequestration of CO2 from fossil fuel-fired power plant flue gas includes a polymer matrix embedded with a sorbent suitable for removing CO2 from the flue gas and a spacer mated with the polymer matrix. The spacer is adapted to create channels between adjacent portions of the polymer matrix such that the flue gas flows through the channels and comes in contact with the sorbent. Further, an apparatus for the capture and sequestration of CO2 from fossil fuel-fired power plant flue gas includes a hollow fiber membrane embedded with an adsorbent or other suitable material for removing CO2 from the flue gas. The adsorbent particles may be embedded into a wall of the membrane.

Abstract: Embodiments are described that generally relate to the storage and release of a gas using piezoelectric materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extracting CO2 from air comprising an anion exchange material formed in a matrix exposed to a flow of the air, and for delivering that extracted CO2 to controlled environments. The present invention contemplates the extraction of CO2 from air using conventional extraction methods or by using one of the extraction methods disclosed; e.g., humidity swing or electro dialysis. The present invention also provides delivery of the CO2 to greenhouses where increased levels of CO2 will improve conditions for growth. Alternatively, the CO2 is fed to an algae culture.

Abstract: A feed stream, comprising hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen (H2) and, optionally, carbon monoxide (CO), is separated into at least a CO2 product stream and an H2 or H2 and CO product stream. The stream is separated using a pressure swing adsorption system, an H2S removal system and a further separation system, which systems are used in series to separate the stream. The method has particular application in the separation of a sour (i.e. sulphur containing) syngas, as for example produced from the gasification of solid or heavy liquid carbonaceous feedstock.

Abstract: An improved method is provided for removing contaminants from a hydrocarbon stream, such as a stream of raw natural gas. The contaminated hydrocarbon stream is passed through a first adsorbent bed containing molecular sieves to adsorb contaminants on the molecular sieves, thereby removing at least some of the contaminants from the hydrocarbon stream. The contaminated hydrocarbon stream may optionally be passed through a second adsorbent bed containing a desiccant material other than molecular sieves. The molecular sieves are regenerated using a wet regeneration process in which both the water content and temperature of the regeneration fluid stream are staged.

Abstract: Disclosed is a harmful material treatment system for recovering the energy and removing the harmful material in the process of treating the gas containing the harmful material generated in the multiplex utilization facility, in the display mall, in diverse manufacturing processes and in the vehicle painting process, more particularly, to a harmful material treatment system which can recover the energy contained in the air conditioning facility or in the exhaust gas of the process with an efficiency of more than 90%, for exhausting the inside air to the outside so as to treat the contaminating material such as odor and volatile organic chemicals, and to remove the harmful material with a removal efficiency of more than 90% by adsorbing and concentrating the harmful material with a rotary-type adsorbent.

Abstract: An exhaust gas processing apparatus for processing a mixed gas discharged from a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus is provided with: an adsorption separation unit for separating a monosilane gas that requires abatement and a hydrogen gas that does not require abatement by allowing the mixed gas to pass through and then by mainly adsorbing the monosilane gas among a plurality of types of gases contained in the mixed gas; a heating unit for desorbing the monosilane adsorbed onto the adsorption separation unit; a silane gas abatement unit for abating a monosilane gas desorbed from the adsorption separation unit; and a hydrogen gas discharge unit for discharging a hydrogen gas separated from the mixed gas by the adsorption separation unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for capture of CO2 from the atmosphere comprising an anion exchange material formed in a matrix exposed to a flow of the air.

Abstract: A method for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from automotive evaporative emissions control systems comprising steps of: contacting a vented fuel vapor stream from a fuel tank (1) with a first passive purge canister bed (5), the passive purge canister bed comprising a vapor adsorbent material and including a passive purge vapor inlet and a passive purge vapor outlet for vapor stream flow, -contacting a vapor stream from the passive purge vapor outlet with an active purge canister bed, the active purge canister bed (2) comprising a vapor adsorbent material; contacting the active purge canister bed with mechanically convected purge air, wherein the mechanically convected purge air is prevented from flowing through the passive purge canister bed; and contacting the passive purge canister bed with fresh purge air drawn passively by the fuel tank through the passive purge vapor outlet without first contacting said active purge canister bed.

Abstract: A carbon composite material, including a plurality of spaced graphene sheets, each respective sheet having opposed generally planar surfaces, and a plurality of functionalized carbonaceous particles. At least some functionalized carbonaceous particles are disposed between any two adjacent graphene sheets, and each respective at least some functionalized carbonaceous particle is attached to both respective any two adjacent graphene sheets. Each respective graphene sheet comprises at least one layer of graphene and at least portions of respective any two adjacent graphene sheets are oriented substantially parallel with one another.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for recovering gaseous hydrogen and gaseous carbon dioxide from a mixture of hydrocarbons by utilizing a system that includes a reformer unit, an optional water gas shift reactor, and a pressure swing adsorption unit in conjunction with a carbon dioxide purification unit such as a cryogenic purification unit or a catalytic oxidizer. In this process, purified CO2 from the CO2 purification unit is used as a co-feed/co-purge in the pressure swing adsorption unit in order to produce a CO2 tail gas that includes a higher concentration of CO2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems for regenerating a plugged diesel particulate filter (DPF) or catalyzed DPF. In certain embodiments, the system includes a fluid container and pulse valve, a heater, and a blower. Other embodiments include methods of regenerating a plugged DPF by directing a fluid at a first face of a DPF, redirecting the fluid at a second face of the DPF, and in some embodiment, heating the DPF.

Abstract: A vacuum-pressure swing absorption concentrator includes a motor driven compressor having pressure and vacuum heads that are connected to a pressure reservoir and a vacuum reservoir respectively. The pressure and vacuum reservoirs are selectively and alternately interconnected in sequence through a main valve to a pair of nitrogen filtering sieve beds. A controller operates the valve to alternately and cyclically interconnect the sieve beds to the pressure and vacuum reservoirs respectively. During each cycle, a respective bed is pressurized and enriched oxygen is produced and delivered to a tank for use by a patient. At the same time, the other bed is evacuated through the vacuum reservoir. A crossover valve delivers oxygen from a pressurized bed to an evacuated bed to facilitate purging of impurities previously collected in the evacuated bed.

Abstract: A method is provided for reclaiming an evaporated liquid from an air stream including transferring the evaporated liquid from a first quantity of air into a second quantity of air, wherein the second quantity of air is smaller than the first quantity of air. A device for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and processes are provided that relate to the recovery of sorbates in processes utilizing temperature controlled adsorption. Sorbate recovery can include providing a temperature controlled adsorber that is undergoing a regeneration cycle after undergoing an adsorption cycle. The temperature controlled adsorber can have one or more adsorption flow passages and one or more heat transfer flow passages. The one or more adsorption flow passages can contain an adsorptive material coating with a sorbate adsorbed thereto. A heating fluid can be provided to the one or more heat transfer flow passages of the temperature controlled adsorber. A regeneration stream can be provided to the one or more adsorption flow passages of the temperature controlled adsorber. The adsorptive material coating can be regenerated by removing the sorbate from the temperature controlled adsorber to produce a regeneration effluent stream.

Abstract: A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) pyrolyzate adsorbent is described, having utility for storing gases in an adsorbed state, and from which adsorbed gas may be desorbed to supply same for use. The PVDF pyrolyzate adsorbent can be of monolithic unitary form, or in a bead, powder, film, particulate or other finely divided form. The adsorbent is particularly suited for storage and supply of fluorine-containing gases, such as fluorine gas, nitrogen trifluoride, carbo-fluoride gases, and the like. The adsorbent may be utilized in a gas storage and dispensing system, in which the adsorbent is contained in a supply vessel, from which sorbate gas can be selectively dispensed.

Abstract: An apparatus for capture of CO2 from the atmosphere comprising an anion exchange material formed in a matrix exposed to a flow of the air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for purifying or separating a supply gas flow containing at least one impurity, in which: a) said supply gas flow is contacted with a first adsorbent for the adsorption-removal of at least one said impurity; b) recovering said purified or separated gas; c) heating a regeneration gas containing at least hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) using a heater having a skin temperature (T1) of between 150° C. and 200° C. during the gas heating phase; and d) periodically regenerating the adsorbent of step a) with the regeneration gas heated during step c) at a regeneration temperature (T2) such that: T2=T1??T with 5° C.<?T<50° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for achieving low oxygen levels in a natural gas stream without the use of a catalytic system. In one embodiment, the method comprises: membrane treatment for the removal of the bulk of CO2 and oxygen in the natural gas feed and the addition of a PSA system using a carbon molecular sieve adsorbent for the adsorption of residual oxygen.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide-containing feed stream such as flue gas is treated to produce a high-purity carbon dioxide stream by a series of steps including removing SOx and NOx with activated carbon, carrying out subambient-temperature processing to produce a product stream and a vent stream, and treating the vent stream by pressure swing adsorption or by physical or chemical absorption to produce a product stream which is recycled to the feed stream.

Abstract: An adsorbent comprising a zeolite having a pore diameter of not less than 4.5 angstroms and not more than 7.3 angstroms as a principal component, which can adsorb xenon under ordinary temperatures and pressures or under ordinary temperatures and low xenon partial pressure, is used. In the xenon recovery method of the present invention, the adsorbent is communicated with a xenon-containing equipment, and xenon is adsorbed on the adsorbent and xenon is detached from the adsorbent. Thereby, xenon can be recovered, with efficiency, directly from used equipment in which xenon is enclosed under ordinary temperatures and pressures or under ordinary temperatures and low xenon partial pressure.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has an internal combustion engine (1) that is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank (4). A regeneratable filter device (6) is associated with the fuel tank (4) and can be connected to a vacuum storage device (20) for purging the filter device (6). To simplify and/or improve the regeneration of the filter device, the vacuum storage device (20) is arranged outside an intake tract of the internal combustion engine (1) and is associated with the fuel tank (4).

Abstract: Aspects of the invention include a method and apparatus for reversibly sorbing a target gas. In one embodiment, an apparatus for reversibly sorbing a target gas is disclosed. The apparatus includes an inlet, a multi-channel monolith coupled to the inlet, the multi-channel monolith including a plurality of channels, each one of the plurality of channels includes one or more walls, wherein at least one of the one or more walls of at least one of the plurality of channels is porous and wherein one or more of the plurality of channels contain a sorbent and an outlet coupled to the multi-channel monolith.