Abstract: The present invention is characterized in that a filter made of resin comprises a through-hole film portion (14); and a structure reinforce portion (13), wherein a through-hole (15) is provided in a through-hole film portion (14), the thickness of the through-hole film portion (14) is from 0.5 to 2.0 ?m, the bore of the through-hole (15) is from 0.05 to 0.5 ?m, the thickness of the structure reinforce portion (13) is bigger than the thickness of the through-hole film portion (14), the structure reinforce portion (13) encloses the through-hole film portion (14), a damage-reduction structure is provided on the upper surface of the structure reinforce portion (13), and wherein, the damage-reduction structure may be an uneven structures.

Abstract: A self-closing filter includes a housing to be attached to a sidewall of a self-inflating pneumatic tire. The housing includes a cavity to be in fluid communication with an atmospheric air inlet of a pneumatic control valve for the self-inflating tire. The self-closing filter further includes a filtration media to block contaminants from entering the cavity while allowing atmospheric air to be drawn through the filtration media into the cavity by a pump of the self-inflating tire. The self-closing filter still further includes a valve attached to the housing. The valve is selectively actuatable to an open state and to a closed state. The filtration media is exposed to an atmosphere impinging upon the tire when the valve is in the open state. The closed state is to prevent exposure of the filtration media to the contaminants when the valve is in the closed state.

Abstract: An air filter assembly includes a felt of hollow specialty polymer fibers having nonporous walls.

Abstract: An air filter assembly includes a felt of hollow commodity polymer fibers having nonporous walls.

Abstract: A composite membrane for separations includes a fabric with a non-woven array of intermingled carbon nanotubes, and a dopant incorporated with the fabric to form a non-porous, permeable composite. The composite membrane may be used to separate a target gas from a liquid by mounting the composite membrane in a housing chamber, and conditioning a permeate side of the chamber to establish a driving force for the target gas across the non-porous, permeable composite membrane.

Abstract: Biogas is converted to a vehicle fuel equivalent to compressed natural gas high in methane in a simple, low cost process involving steps of refrigeration, non-regenerative activated carbon purification and carbon dioxide removal using low-pressure membrane technology.

Abstract: The invention relates to a specific apparatus, more particularly a chain of gas separation membrane modules, for separation of gas mixtures into two fractions each of elevated purity.

Abstract: A composite molded article comprising: a main body portion including, a bottom wall portion formed of an elastically deformable polymer material, and a peripheral wall portion protruding so as to surround a peripheral edge of the bottom wall portion and formed of an elastically deformable polymer material; a vent hole passing through the bottom wall portion; and a gas permeable membrane integrally connected to the main body portion and is permeable to gas but is impermeable to liquid, wherein the gas permeable membrane is arranged to the bottom wall portion so as to cover the vent hole and connected to the bottom wall portion at a periphery of the vent hole, and wherein the bottom wall portion includes at least one rigid body portion which is more difficult to be deformed than the bottom wall portion at an outer peripheral part of the gas permeable membrane.

Abstract: A crude natural gas stream treatment system comprising a first supersonic separator and a second supersonic separator, wherein the first supersonic separator comprises a crude gas inlet, a dry gas outlet and a first liquid outlet; wherein the second supersonic separator comprises a dry gas inlet, a treated gas outlet and a second liquid gas outlet, and wherein the dry gas outlet is in fluid communication with the dry gas inlet is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an on-site medical gas production plant (100) comprising a unit (50) for purifying gas, such as air, a first compartment (A) for storing purified gas, and a main gas line (10) fluidically connecting the gas purification unit (50) to the said first storage compartment (A). It furthermore comprises a three-way actuated valve (VA) arranged on the main gas line (10) upstream of the first storage compartment (A), and furthermore connected to the atmosphere (at 12) via a vent line (11), as well as an operating device (4) which controls at least the three-way actuated valve (VA), and at least a first gas analysis device (D1) of which a first measurement line (29) is fluidically connected (at 28) to the main line (10), upstream of the three-way actuated valve (VA), and which is electrically connected to the said operating device (4).

Abstract: The hydrogen separation membrane module according to the present invention is used for separating hydrogen from a gas to be treated containing hydrogen, and is provided with a tubular hydrogen separation membrane being selectively permeable to hydrogen, a casing for the hydrogen separation membrane, an insertion member being arranged on the inside of the hydrogen separation membrane and having an outer surface that defines a flow path of the gas to be treated together with an inner surface of the hydrogen separation membrane, a gas supply port for supplying the gas to be treated to the inside of the hydrogen separation membrane, a gas discharge port for discharging a non-permeating gas that does not permeate the hydrogen separation membrane, from a downstream side of the flow path, and a hydrogen discharge port provided in the casing, for discharging hydrogen having permeated the hydrogen separation membrane.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane including, a separation-active membrane containing: a compound represented by the following Formula (I) having a boiling point or a decomposition temperature of 200° C. or higher; and a cross-linked polymer containing a dissociable group and a repeating unit derived from alkylene glycol: wherein, in Formula (I), R1, R2 and R3 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Wi represents a bivalent linking group; when R1, R2 and R3 represent a substituent, R1 and R2, R1 and R3 or R2 and R3 may be combined together to form a ring and wherein, in the compound represented by Formula (I), [total molecular weight of primary amine group+total molecular weight of secondary amine group]/[molecular weight of Formula (I)] is from 0.3 to 0.84.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward spiral wound modules along with methods for making and using the same. Several embodiments are described including methods for making spiral wound filtration modules using membrane sheet provided from a roll, wherein the membrane sheet is unrolled and assembled in a direction parallel to the permeate collection tube of the module.

Abstract: Automated systems and methods of extracting gas from groundwater aquifers are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system for delivery of a target material and/or energy. The system includes a source configured to provide a mixture containing the target material and a non-target material, a delivery conduit coupled to the source to receive the mixture from the source, and an in-line extraction device concentric to the delivery conduit. The in-line extraction device is configured to selectively extract the target material and/or energy from the mixture in the delivery conduit and to deliver it to a downstream facility.

Abstract: An apparatus for recovery of tritium from contaminated gaseous mixtures by way of isotope-exchange processes includes a container having a preferably cylindrical shape made of steel or other suitable metal or glass, referred to as “module” (1), which contains at least one permeator tube (T) made of metal or metal alloy selectively permeable to hydrogen and its isotopes, wherein the tube (T) is set in cantilever fashion with its free end closed, there being further provided elements for applying an axial tensile force on the free end of the permeator tube (T) and elements for electrical connection of the free end of the tube (T) to an end flange (FF) of the module (1) adjacent thereto.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for perforated graphene monolayers and membranes containing perforated graphene monolayers. An example membrane may include a graphene monolayer having a plurality of discrete pores that may be chemically perforated into the graphene monolayer. The discrete pores may be of substantially uniform pore size. The pore size may be characterized by one or more carbon vacancy defects in the graphene monolayer. The graphene monolayer may have substantially uniform pore sizes throughout. In some examples, the membrane may include a permeable substrate that contacts the graphene monolayer and which may support the graphene monolayer. Such perforated graphene monolayers, and membranes comprising such perforated graphene monolayers may exhibit improved properties compared to conventional polymeric membranes for gas separations, e.g., greater selectivity, greater gas permeation rates, or the like.

Abstract: An air separation module has an inlet for receiving a source of air. The inlet communicates with an inlet manifold and the inlet manifold communicates with a plurality of canisters. The canisters are provided with hollow fibers constructed such that oxygen can permeate the fiber and nitrogen passes through the fiber. A jacket manifold surrounds the canisters and the jacket manifold receives oxygen that has permeated the fibers. The canisters extend to a downstream end, and to an outlet. The jacket manifold communicates with a jacket outlet manifold and an outlet for separated oxygen. The outlet for the jacket manifold is at a downstream end of the canisters.

Abstract: There is provided a process for effecting permeation of at least an operative material component of an operative mixture from a higher pressure space, through a membrane, and into a lower pressure space, wherein the higher pressure space is disposed in mass transfer communication with the lower pressure space through the membrane.

Abstract: A hydrogen separation system and membrane is described for extracting hydrogen from gasifier streams at near atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature conditions. The system can be inserted between a small gasifier and an internal combustion engine which runs a genset to optionally co-produce hydrogen and electricity.

Abstract: An emissions device for use with a container assembly with a vent opening is provided. The emissions device includes a housing configured to be mounted to the container. The housing includes a backing plate that has at least one opening. A membrane is supported by the backing plate and extends over the opening. The membrane is configured to allow passage of vapor and prevent passage of liquid. A filter is located within the housing such that vapor that passes from the at least one opening through the membrane then passes through the filter. At least one spring is positioned within the housing and is configured to compress the filter.

Abstract: A separation membrane including an alloy including a Group 5 element and Ir, wherein the alloy includes a body centered cubic crystal structure.

Abstract: A device for separating gases comprises the following components: a source for the gases and flow adjustment means; a membrane unit for the production of a permeate gas and a retentate gas, one of which is the product gas; purity determining means for the product gas; a first control unit for the device; a retentate control system and a product gas pressure measurement, whereby the source has a second control unit for the flow adjustment means as a function of a target value of the gases and the first control unit is connected to the second control unit and to the retentate control system, whereby the first control unit can determine the target value and can control the retentate control system.

Abstract: A device for trapping flammable gases such as hydrogen comprises active means (3) inside a casing (1) which is closed except for openings which are plugged by filters (2) that normally allow only the gases that are to be trapped to pass through them. The trapping maintains a reduced pressure inside the casing, which continually draws in the gases produced outside. The trap can operate without any maintenance and for long periods of time, even in a completely enclosed environment.

Abstract: Methods and systems for conversion of a carbon containing fuel to CO2 and H2O. An air stream is fed to a first ion transport membrane unit obtaining a pure oxygen stream from a permeate side and an air stream with a reduced oxygen content from a retentate side. The air stream with a reduced oxygen content is fed to a second ion transport membrane unit and a gaseous first carbon containing fuel is fed to a permeate side of the second ion transport membrane. The first carbon containing fuel is reacted with oxygen transported through the second ion transport membrane forming an at least partially combusted first fuel. The at least partially combusted first fuel, at least a part of the pure oxygen stream and optionally a second carbon containing fuel is fed to a combustion chamber for combustion. An exhaust stream comprising essentially CO2 and H2O is obtained.

Abstract: It is an objective of the present invention to provide a method for producing an air-permeable composite sheet which has excellent mechanical strength and compression resistance as well as PTFE's innate property such as air-permeability, water repellency, heat resistance and chemical resistance; and a filter and a fabrics material containing the air-permeable composite sheet produced by the method as a constituent material. The method for producing an air-permeable composite sheet according to the present invention is characterized in comprising steps of filling pores of a porous PTFE sheet with a hardenable material solution; hardening or semi-hardening the porous PTFE sheet filled with the hardenable material solution; and expanding the hardened or semi-hardened porous PTFE sheet.

Abstract: The present disclosure refers to a method and an apparatus for cryogen-free concentration of a hyperpolarized noble gas in a continuously flowing stream of gas. The method comprises the following steps: providing a mixture of gases containing hyperpolarized noble gas and at least one process gas; passing the prepared gas mixture as a continuously flowing stream of gas through a gas separation device with a semipermeable membrane in order to separate the gases; and concentrating the hyperpolarized noble gas in the gas separation device, in which at least part of the at least one process gas or the hyperpolarized noble gas is separated from the continuously flowing stream of gas by means of the semipermeable membrane. It also provides for the use of a continuous stream of gas with concentrated hyperpolarized noble gas for magnetic resonance spectroscopy or magnetic resonance tomography.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to active particle-enhanced membrane and methods for making and using the same. In some embodiments, a breathable membrane includes a base material solution and active particles. The active particles incorporated in the membrane may improve or add various desirable properties to the membrane, such as for example, the moisture vapor transport capability, the odor adsorbance, the anti-static properties, or the stealth properties of the membrane. In some embodiments, the base material may exhibit water-proof properties when converted into non-solution state, and thereby result in a water-proof membrane. In some embodiments, the active particles may be protected from losing activity before, during, or after (or any combination thereof) the process of producing the membrane. The membrane may be applied to a substrate, or may be used independent of a substrate.

Abstract: A gas-separation membrane module assembly and a gas-separation process using the assembly. The assembly includes sets of manifolds, between which are mounted arrays of membrane modules, the manifolds and membrane modules forming a stack within a pressure vessel or housing. The stacked, manifolded arrangement enables many membrane elements to be fed in parallel with the gas to be treated.

Abstract: There is provided polymer derived ceramic materials, to make porous polymeric derived ceramic membranes. These polymeric derived ceramic membranes are useful for separating gas and in particular for the generation of hydrogen. Hydrogen separation devices and power generation devices use the present polymeric derived ceramic membranes.

Abstract: A gas separation method includes contacting a membrane filter with gas feed, permeating the gas from the gas feed through the membrane, and producing filtered gas from the filter. The filtered gas is produced from the filter as a result of the membrane removing any hydrocarbons containing six or more carbon atoms to produce a total of 0.001 ppm w/w or less. A gas separation method includes feeding gas into a filter containing a hollow fiber membrane that exhibits the property of resisting degradation due to exposure to hydrocarbons containing six or more carbon atoms. The filter exhibits a pressure drop across the membrane of less than 5 psi. The method includes feeding the filtered gas into a gas separation module that exhibits a susceptibility to degradation from exposure to hydrocarbons containing six or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extracting CO2 from air comprising an anion exchange material formed in a matrix exposed to a flow of the air, and for delivering that extracted CO2 to controlled environments. The present invention contemplates the extraction of CO2 from air using conventional extraction methods or by using one of the extraction methods disclosed; e.g., humidity swing or electro dialysis. The present invention also provides delivery of the CO2 to greenhouses where increased levels of CO2 will improve conditions for growth. Alternatively, the CO2 is fed to an algae culture.

Abstract: A porous membrane, comprising a blend of a first powder of metal particles of the first average size and a second powder of metal particles of a second average size, the first powder and the second powder sintered together. The first average size is five to fifty times greater than the second average size. The porous membrane comprises from 40% to 60% by weight of the first powder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrophobic or oleophobic microporous polymer membrane having a structurally induced drip-off effect, to methods for producing the membrane according to the invention, to the use of the membrane in the sterile filtration of gaseous fluids, and to the use of the membrane as a liquid barrier in liquid-containing systems to be vented.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling a flow of steam in a steam generator having a heater for heating fluid in a vessel is disclosed. The method includes: delivering the steam from the steam generator to a first side of a filtering membrane; receiving purified steam from a second side of the filtering membrane, the purified steam having a steam flow rate; determining at least one coefficient of a substantially linear mathematical relationship between the steam flow rate of the purified steam and duty cycle; and configuring the steam generator to control: the duty cycle of the heater based on the determined at least one coefficient and a target steam flow rate; and/or the target steam flow rate based on the at least one coefficient and a target duty cycle of the heater.

Abstract: The present invention provides gels, solutions, films, membranes, compositions, and other materials containing polymerized and/or non-polymerized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). These materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation and as antistatic agents. The RTILs are preferably imidazolium-based RTILs which are optionally substituted, such as with one or more hydroxyl groups. Optionally, the materials of the present invention are composite materials comprising both polymerized and non-polymerized RTILs. The RTIL polymer is formed from polymerized RTIL cations typically synthesized as monomers and polymerized in the presence of the non-polymerized RTIL cations to provide a solid composite material. The non-polymerized RTIL cations are not covalently bound to the cationic polymer but remain as free cations within the composite material able to associate with charged subunits of the polymer. These composite materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation, and antistatic applications.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polymeric material includes: providing a polymeric matrix having at least one polymer and at least one porogen; and degrading the at least one porogen at a temperature T?1.1 Tg, where Tg is a glass transition temperature of the polymeric matrix. The degrading step includes exposing the polymeric matrix to thermal degradation, chemical degradation, electrical degradation and/or radiation degradation, wherein the polymeric material has a permeability at least 1.2 times a permeability of the polymeric matrix for a gas, and a selectivity of the polymeric material is at least 0.35 times a selectivity of the polymeric matrix for a gas pair. The method preferably provides gas separation membranes that exceed Robeson's upper bound relationship for at least one gas separation pair. Novel polymeric materials, gas separation membranes and fluid component separation methods are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydrosilylation-curable silicone compositions that include an alkenyl-functional trialkylsilane compound. The present invention relates to a membrane including a cured product of the hydrosilylation-curable silicone composition. The present invention also relates to a method of making the membrane, and a method of separating components in a feed mixture using the membrane.

Abstract: An aircraft fuel tank flammability reduction method includes feeding pressurized air into an air separation module containing an oxygen separation membrane. The method includes contacting the separation membrane with the air feed, permeating oxygen from the air feed through the separation membrane, and producing nitrogen-enriched air from the air separation module as a result of removing oxygen from the air feed. The NEA from the air separation module is substantially cooled in a NEA flow heat exchanger and the substantially cooled, nitrogen-enriched air is fed into the fuel tank on board the aircraft. An aircraft fuel tank flammability reduction system includes a NEA flow heat exchanger configured to cool substantially the nitrogen-enriched air from the air separation module and a fuel tank on board the aircraft configured to receive the cooled nitrogen-enriched air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Method of generating oxygen and nitric oxide. The method comprises the steps of: guiding an oxygen comprising gas to a primary side of a dense membrane (42), heating the membrane (42) to a temperature at which it is permeable for oxygen, creating a pressure difference between the primary side of the membrane (42) and a secondary side of the membrane (42), wherein a stream of oxygen is generated at the secondary side of the membrane (42) and a stream of oxygen depleted gas is generated at the primary side of the membrane (42). The method according to the invention further comprises the steps of: providing a flow of nitrous oxide comprising gas and heating the nitrous oxide comprising gas to a temperature at which nitric oxide is generated. Thereby, according to the invention, heat generated in the process of operating the membrane is used.

Abstract: Systems and methods for gas separation are disclosed. In one exemplary embodiment, a method for gas separation includes the steps of contacting a feed gas stream that includes a product gas and an impurity gas with a liquid-phase absorption solvent and absorbing the impurity gas and a portion of the product gas of the feed gas stream into the liquid-phase absorption solvent. The exemplary method further includes the steps of subjecting the liquid-phase absorption solvent to a first reduced pressure environment to remove the portion of the product gas and a portion of the impurity gas from the liquid-phase absorption solvent and separating the portion of the product gas from the portion of the impurity gas.

Abstract: A process for efficiently removing carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon containing feed stream utilizing a membrane separation unit in conjunction with a heat exchanger and a carbon dioxide separation unit wherein the streams obtained in the carbon dioxide separation unit are utilized to provide the cooling effect in the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a gas separation membrane includes providing a coextruded multilayer film that includes a first polymer layer formed of a first polymer material and a second polymer layer formed of a second polymer material, the first polymer material having a first gas permeability. The coextruded multilayer film is axially oriented such that the second polymer layer has a second gas permeability that is greater than the first gas permeability.

Abstract: Carbon molecular sieve membranes having desirable selectivity for ethylene/ethane separations are prepared from a 3,3?,4,4?-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride 5(6)-amino-1-(4?-aminophenyl)-1,3,3-trimethylindane 4,4-bismaleimidodiphenyl-methane (BTDA-DAPI) precursor solution that is then formed into films or hollow fibers which are pyrolyzed under vacuum or an inert atmosphere to form carbon molecular sieve membranes. Pyrolysis condition variables, including ramp rate, thermal soak time and temperature, are used to optimize the membrane's separation performance.

Abstract: An apparatus for capture and sequestration of CO2 from fossil fuel-fired power plant flue gas includes a polymer matrix embedded with a sorbent suitable for removing CO2 from the flue gas and a spacer mated with the polymer matrix. The spacer is adapted to create channels between adjacent portions of the polymer matrix such that the flue gas flows through the channels and comes in contact with the sorbent. Further, an apparatus for the capture and sequestration of CO2 from fossil fuel-fired power plant flue gas includes a hollow fiber membrane embedded with an adsorbent or other suitable material for removing CO2 from the flue gas. The adsorbent particles may be embedded into a wall of the membrane.

Abstract: A module for an inert gas system has a housing that includes a first portion, a second portion removable from the first portion, at least one fluid inlet port, and at least one fluid outlet port. The module also includes a replaceable selectively permeable membrane for separating components of a gaseous fluid placed within the housing.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and devices to enrich trace quantities of impurities in gaseous mixtures, such as hydrogen fuel. The methods and devices rely on concentration of impurities so as to allow the detection of the impurities using commonly-available detection methods.

Abstract: This invention relates to organopolysiloxane compounds. In some embodiments, the organopolysiloxane compound includes a siloxane unit having at least one trialkylsilyl pendant group attached thereto through an organic group spacer. The present invention also relates to methods of making the organopolysiloxane, a hydrosilylation-curable silicone composition including the organopolysiloxane, a cured product of the silicone composition, a membrane including the cured product, a method of making the membrane, and a method of separating components in a feed mixture using the membrane.

Abstract: The present invention appreciates that compounds comprising ester linkages and nitrogen-containing moieties that are at least divalent (e.g., urea, urethane, amide, etc.) can be crosslinked with azides to form membranes that are resistant to C02 plasticization, that are selective for acid gases relative to nonpolar gases such as hydrocarbons, and that have high acid gas flux characteristics. The resultant membranes have stable structure and stable separation properties at higher temperatures and pressures. The membranes are compatible with many industrial processes in which polar gases are separated from nopolar gases. In an exemplary mode of practice, the membranes can be used to separate acid gases from the hydrocarbon gases in natural or non-acid gas components of flue gas mixtures (e.g., N2, O2, etc.).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a membrane separation apparatus that includes an integrated filter element and a membrane element housed within a single vessel. The vessel is configured to allow liquids to be trapped and removed from the vessel, and gases to flow to and through the membrane element. The apparatus is useful in the conditioning of fuel gas to separate methane from C2+ hydrocarbons.