Abstract: Continuous production of iso- or terephthalic acid in a stirred reaction zone by catalytic air oxidation of m- or p-xylene in the presence of a benzoic acid-water liquid solvent system at constant gauge pressure within the range of 7 to 21 kg/cm.sup.2 wherein oxidation temperature within the range of 175.degree. to 235.degree. C. is maintained substantially constant by the novel control thereof by only varying the flow rate of water condensate reflux to the oxidation zone. The invention further pertains to novel means for achieving such temperature control.

Abstract: Partial esters of polyhydroxy compounds and combinations thereof with organophosphorus compounds have been found to be effective stabilizers for polyolefins made in processes wherein such polymers are not subjected to extensive removal of process produced impurities during or subsequent to the polymerization process. Combinations of polypropylene produced in a solventless polymerization process and such partial esters are particularly suitable and show substantially improved stability in the presence of additional stabilizing compounds.

Abstract: Protein containing food products are prepared by a process in which yeast is codried with whey. The codried yeast-whey food is suitable for human foods. Preparations containing yeast-whey product do not have a yeast character or flavor in some food applications.

Abstract: Highly-purified monomers for poly(p-methylenebenzoate) polymers and poly(m-methylenebenzoate) polymers are prepared by purifying acetoxylated hydroxymethylbenzoic acid compounds derived by side-chain acetoxylation of toluic acid compounds. The purification process can be by recrystallation or by fractional distillation.

Abstract: The process comprises contacting a heavy hydrocarbon stream under suitable conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a hydrogenating component selected from the group consisting of (1) molybdenum, chromium, and a small amount of cobalt, (2) their oxides, (3) their sulfides, and (4) mixtures thereof deposed on a large-pore, catalytically active alumina. The molybdenum is present in an amount within the range of about 5 wt.% to about 15 wt.%, calculated as MoO.sub.3 and based upon total catalyst weight, the chromium is present in an amount within the range of about 5 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, calculated as Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and based upon the total catalyst weight, and the cobalt is present in an amount within the range of about 0.1 wt.% to about 5 wt.%, calculated as CoO and based upon the total catalyst weight. The catalyst possesses a pore volume within the range of about 0.4 cc/gm to about 0.8 cc/gm, a surface area within the range of about 150 m.sup.2 /gm to about 300 m.sup.

Abstract: Moving bed hydride heat pumps and pressure pumps are described in which a hydride-forming material is transported between two or more reactor vessels. Each vessel can be maintained at a predetermined temperature, and thus, the hydride-forming material may be heated or cooled by moving it into an appropriately heated or cooled reactor vessel. In this way thermal cycling of reactor vessels is reduced or eliminated. Both continuously operating and moving batch hydride pumping systems are disclosed.

Abstract: Protein-containing materials are treated at specified temperature and pH conditions for a suitable length of time to yield products which replace material such as egg solids and nonfat dry milk.

Abstract: An improved method for separating branched polyphenylene from a polymerization reaction mixture is disclosed which improves polymer properties. The contents of a high pressure polymerization reactor are discharged into one or more devolatilizing units which draw off and recycle low molecular weight unreacted species and separate high molecular weight branched polyphenylene.

Abstract: Ethyl aromatics contained in the C.sub.9 aromatic fraction from fractionated reformate are selectively converted to xylenes via ethyl scission in the presence of a catalyst comprising a carrier of highly purified gamma alumina containing essentially no silica and of a surface area of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g and a metal selected from the group consisting of a Group VIII metal and a Group VIII metal promoted with zinc.

Abstract: An asbestos-free sealant composition comprises cotton fiber, amorphous polypropylene and butyl rubber incorporated into a base stock comprising an inorganic filler and a suitable binder.

Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon streams containing asphaltenes are hydrocracked in a first hydrocracking zone and asphaltenes are removed from the liquid effluent to form a deasphaltened liquid feed to a second hydrocracking zone.

Abstract: Titanium dioxide, incorporated into vinyl polymers which contain halogenated organic compounds, screens ultraviolet radiation and thus reduces halogen discoloration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing process for converting coal ash slag from a slagging coal gasifier into a marketable cement product having the characteristics and qualities of portland cement. This process comprises the steps of transferring molten slag from a slagging coal gasifier to a melt chamber and reacting it with a mineral containing lime, for example: calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate, to form a homogeneous cement product. This cement product is then transferred to a quench chamber where it is allowed to cool and solidify in the form of clinkers, which are later reduced to powder form.This process also provides an efficient means to conserve energy when producing a portland cement and provides an effective and economical way to dispose of a waste product while increasing the cost efficiency of a slagging coal gasifier.

Abstract: Fractionated heavy reformate containing ethyltoluenes and propylbenzenes is selectively hydrodealkylated and transalkylated to produce ethylbenzene-lean xylenes, benzene and C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 paraffins in the presence of a catalyst comprising a tungsten/molybdenum component of WO.sub.3 and MoO.sub.3 and an acidic component of 60 (wt)% of mordenite and 40 (wt)% of catalytically active alumina.

Abstract: Disclosed is a waste water process for the treatment of strong wastes.

Abstract: A propylene polymerization catalyst is formed by incorporation into a catalytic mixture, comprising a transition metal compound and an organoaluminum compound, effective amounts of hexavalent sulfur mineral acid or anhydride whereby the amount of n-hexane-soluble polymeric product is decreased.

Abstract: An improved startup procedure for the synthesis of ammonia in which preheated feed streams of desulfurized hydrocarbon gas, steam and air are routed through an ammonia train having a primary and secondary reformer, a high and low temperature CO shifter, a CO.sub.2 removal system, a methanator and a synthesis converter system. The improvement comprises simultaneously heating the primary and secondary reformers with steam while heating the low temperature CO shifter with preheated desulfurized hydrocarbon gas. After these systems have been heated sufficiently, feed streams of preheated desulfurized hydrocarbon gas and steam are injected into the reformers along with the addition of air into the secondary reformer to produce reformed gas which is then used to preheat the high temperature CO shifter. Simultaneously, exhaust gas from the low temperature CO shifter along with a portion of the gas converted in the high temperature CO shifter is used to preheat the CO.sub.2 removal system.

Abstract: Catalyst composition comprising highly purified alumina containing essentially no silica with a surface area of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g and up to 5% rhodium and up to 10% zinc.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the Mannich condensation reaction of oxidized olefinic polymers. The condensation reaction is carried out in the presence of about 0.01 to 25.0 weight percent of an oil soluble phenol based on the neat polymer. The phenols improve the processing and properties of the oxidized oil soluble Mannich reaction product.

Abstract: A melt finish process is disclosed herein for working up solid, particulate polymer from a vapor state polymerization reactor, which reactor employs high yield catalysts, whereby the polymer is moved out of the reactor and into a post polymerization zone characterized by essentially adiabatic polymerization and the heat of such polymerization is used in raising the temperature of and melting said solid, particulate polymer to form molten polymer for further processing.