Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the in situ retorting of oil shale and energy recovery from generated off gases. An underground retort containing rubblized oil shale is subjected to retorting, thereby forming shale oil and off gases. The off gases are purified and burned in a gas turbine. Commonly this process comprises forming a subterranean in situ retort containing rubblized oil shale having a void space of about 5 to about 40 percent; passing a retorting gas through the in situ retort to effectively retort the oil shale and produce a mixture of shale oil and off gases; subjecting the mixture of shale oil and off gases to a preliminary separation to remove gross quantities of shale oil from the off gases; passing a portion of the off gases to a purification zone so as to remove off gas impurities which would be detrimental to the environment or the operation of downstream equipment; and passing a portion of the purified off gases to a gas turbine where said off gases are burned and power is generated.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for the treatment and purification of waste water. Generally the process comprises the use of primary, intermediate, and secondary treatment but tertiary treatment may also be included. Powdered activated carbon is used in the secondary treatment with recycle to any or all of the primary, intermediate or secondary treatment stages. Regeneration of used powdered activated carbon is also provided.

Abstract: A process for texturizing whole cell single-cell protein material which comprises mixing the proteinaceous material with a solvent-coagulable protein, adding a coagulating solvent to the mixture, whipping the mixture to incorporate microporous structure, and thermally fixing the texture by heat treating.

Abstract: Process for disproportionation of petroleum hydrocarbons which comprises containing in a reaction zone said petroleum hydrocarbon under suitable disproportionation conditions with a catalytic composition comprising a tungsten/molybdenum component, said tungsten/molybdenum component deposited upon an acidic cracking component comprising a mordenite large pore crystalline aluminosilicate material and a refractory inorganic oxide.

Abstract: Process for heat treating a shaped article of polyamide-imide or polyamic acid comprising preheating the article to remove a major portion of volatiles contained in the article and generated therein and to increase the polymer's deflection temperature by about 15 to about 35.degree. F. without deformation of the article, and heating the article at about 5.degree. to about 25.degree. F. below the increased deflection temperature to progressively increase the polymer's deflection temperature to substantially its maximum attainable value without deformation, said preheating and heating being carried out in the presence of a circulating gas.

Abstract: Gelled fuel compositions having improved burning characteristics comprise a normally liquid petroleum fuel boiling in the range of about 100.degree.-600.degree. F.; a gelling agent; and about 0.5-20 volume percent acetic anhydride.

Abstract: An improved hydrocarbon fuel composition boiling in the range from about 70.degree. F. to about 750.degree. F., having bactericidal and fungicidal properties, contains from about 0.0005 to about 0.05 weight percent of one or more oil-soluble boron compounds having biocidal properties and from about 0.0005 to about 0.05 weight percent of one or more oil-soluble amine compounds having biocidal properties.

Abstract: The flavor of a yeast product is modified by subjecting a slurry of fresh yeast cells to aeration with an oxygen-containing gas for from less than about 1 to about 120 minutes at a temperature of from about 45 to about150.degree. C. The resulting yeast product has a bland, slightly sweet, mushroom- and toasted almond-like flavor and a cocoa-like aroma.

Abstract: This invention relates to flame resistant resinous polymer compositions. More particularly, this invention relates to flame resistant compositions comprising a resinous thermoplastic polymer, ammonium nitrate, ammonium polyphosphate and a chlorine or bromine containing organic compound.

Abstract: Phthalide, one intermediate in the oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic acid or its anhydride, is unique in that it is the only intermediate oxidation product which cannot be economically removed from said anhydride by fractional distillation or crystallization. According to the present invention, impure phthalic anhydride containing phthalide is heated to a temperature of at least 200.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal hydroxide having a molecular weight above 40. By such heat treatment of impure phthalic anhydride its phthalide content can be decreased to at least 0.1 weight percent and even to below the analytically detectable concentration of 0.001 weight percent (10 ppm by weight).

Abstract: A process for texturizing an aqueous slurry of proteinaceous materials comprises forming an aqueous slurry of the proteinaceous material with a texturizing agent, freezing the aqueous slurry, dehydrating the frozen slurry, and heat treating the dehydrated slurry at a temperature between about 80.degree. to about 300.degree. C. to set the structure. The resultant sponge-like texturized product absorbs water but will not disperse in water.

Abstract: A simulated deep fat fried food is prepared by coating the food with an emulsified blend comprising inactive dried yeast, vegetable oil, and water, and baking the coated food in an oven.

Abstract: Production of ethylene glycol diacylate by reacting ethylene, divalent mercury compound and an aliphatic acid to produce an acyloxyethylmercuric acylate and disproportionating said acyloxyethylmercuric acylate by heating in the presence of a catalytic concentration of perchloric acid to form an ethylene glycol diacylate and lactone. When the acyloxyethylmercuric acylate is acyloxyethylmercuric acetate, the disproportionation produces gamma-butyrolactone as the lactone.

Abstract: Dialkylation process for the manufacture of synthetic oils comprising contacting olefin with alkylbenzene in the presence of a borontrifluoride carboxylic acid complex.

Abstract: A novel distillation tray useful as a horizontally disposed internal for a distillation column, especially a cryogenic distillation column, has a set of parallel horizontal pipes spaced from one another to support a pool of down-flowing liquid and to provide passage of up-flowing vapor through the spaces. At each end the pipes are connected to and communicate with a manifold. A number of these trays in a vertically tiered array are connected to one another as an assembly in the column. The assembly of the trays is provided by the manifolds at the two ends of the sets of pipes. In one construction the manifold for one set of pipes has an upward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent upper tray, while the other manifold for the first set of pipes has a downward vertical extension that is also one manifold of the adjacent lower tray.

Abstract: Beta-phosphosulfoxy alcohols and preparation thereof by reacting an olefinically unsaturated compound and a poly-thiophosphoric acid with oxygen using actinic radiation as an energy source at a temperature of from -10.degree. to 70.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a dye sensitizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the alkylation of olefins in an alkylation unit feed stream in order to produce a higher yield of alkylate having a higher octane number, a lower acid consumption rate, and a lower energy consumption. Such a process involves passing a feed stream comprised of olefins and paraffins through a membrane so that the olefins are separated from the paraffins. In passing through the membrane, the olefins are facilitated in their transport by an isoparaffin sweep stream and together, the olefin/isoparaffin stream is passed into an alkylation reactor. Within the reactor, the olefins react with the isoparaffins to form alkylate.

Abstract: A method for modifying the cell wall of single-cell microorganisms comprises treating the whole cells with a dilute solution of a source of perhalate ions to oxidize the structural polysaccharides in the cell wall without damaging the internal cellular components. If the treated cells are further treated with a dilute basic solution, the cells can be totally dissolved. The protein materials in this solution can then be recovered to obtain a variety of protein products that are whippable, coagulable, and soluble, etc.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization catalyst useful in preparation of polyolefins of broad molecular weight distribution comprising (a) a component prepared by reacting an organoaluminum compound with a mixture comprising a titanium compound, a zirconium compound, and a vanadium compound; and (b) an organoaluminum promoter. The (a) component can be further treated with a deactivating agent. The olefin polymerization performance of the (a) component can be varied depending on the choice of promoter and deactivating agent.

Abstract: Rubber compositions comprising zinc trimellitate and a rubber selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber, natural rubber, butyl rubber, polybutadiene rubber and isoprene rubber, the said rubber being sulfur-cured with zinc oxide as an activator.