Abstract: A workstation of a packaging machine comprises a lifting device (100) which is configured such that it is able to convert a rotary motion of a motor (8) into a translator motion of the workstation by a lever device (6). The stroke of the lifting device (100) is performable for this purpose by a pivotable lever (61) and a roller (32) which cooperates with an upper roller limit (33).

Abstract: A tape head assembly for writing data to and reading data from a tape includes a tape head member having an engagement surface that is configured to engage the tape as the tape moves past the tape head member. A plurality of arrays of interactive elements are supported on the engagement surface. Each array is longitudinally offset from each other array. Each individual array includes a read group having only read elements and a write group having only write elements. Each read group is laterally offset from each write group within each array.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having two cylinder banks and adjustable camshaft timing is disclosed in which the camshafts in one cylinder bank are adjusted so that there is no net flow from the cylinders to effectively disable the cylinder bank. In particular, exhaust valve timing is advanced so that the maximum valve lift occurs approximately at bottom center between expansion and exhaust strokes and intake valve timing is advanced so that maximum valve lift occurs approximately at bottom center between intake and compression strokes. Also disclosed is an engine in which an intake and an exhaust camshaft on a single bank are coaxial with valve timings adjusted by rotating the inner of the two camshafts with respect to the outer of the two camshafts.

Abstract: Hetero-semiconductor structures possessing an SOI structure containing a silicon-germanium mixed crystal are produced at a low cost and high productivity. The semiconductor substrates comprise a first layer formed of silicon having germanium added thereto, a second layer formed of an oxide and adjoined to the first layer, and a third layer derived from the same source as the first layer, but having an enriched content of germanium as a result of thermal oxidation and thinning of the third layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing trichloromonosilane, in which silicon particles are reacted with hydrogen chloride in a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the silicon particles used are a silicon dust which is obtained as a waste product in the preparation of defined silicon particle size fractions from lump-form silicon and the silicon dust is introduced directly into the reactor.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a fuel system having a first fuel rail with an integrated diverter portion coupled to a high-pressure pump and separated from a common rail portion by a flow restriction device. The first fuel rail includes a pressure sensor coupled to the diverter portion at one end and a control valve coupled to the common rail portion at the other end of the same fuel rail. In V-engine embodiments, a second fuel rail communicates with the integrated diverter portion of the first fuel rail. In one embodiment, components including the first and second fuel rails, a pressure sensor, and a pressure or volume control valve are externally mounted outside the engine valve cover.

Abstract: A polymer useful as an ion conducting membrane for fuel cell applications includes both main chain and side chain protogenic groups. Methods for preparing the polymer include addition of the side chains both before and after addition of the protogenic groups.

Abstract: Low density and acoustically absorbing panels are produced by consolidation in a mold of a heated part of a pre-cut, lofty, semi-finished product containing polypropylene fibers and reinforcing fibers and having an air pore content of 20 to 80 vol.-% wherein overlapping with the periphery of the pre-cut part are heated strips of polypropylene optionally containing up to 60 wt.-% reinforcing fibers, but containing 5 vol.-% or less of air pores.

Abstract: A fuel compensation factor (FCF) is determined to account for the amount of oxygenated fuel blended in diesel fuel. In one embodiment, the FCF is based on an expected exhaust gas oxygen concentration compared to an actual exhaust gas oxygen concentration. The FCF is used to estimate an amount of oxygenated fuel in the blend. Such estimate can be used to adjust the exhaust temperature model, which is used at least in determining the temperature in aftertreatment devices, the fuel dilution model which affects oil change recommendations, and the diesel particulate filter loading model which affects regenerations. Biodiesels are more prone to waxing at lower temperatures. The estimated amount of biodiesel and the temperature in the injection system are used to prevent and/or delay starting when it is predicted that too much wax exists in the fuel system.

Abstract: Adaptive modifications of spinning and blocking behavior in spin-then-block mutual exclusion include limiting spinning time to no more than the duration of a context switch. Also, the frequency of spinning versus blocking is limited to a desired amount based on the success rate of recent spin attempts. As an alternative, spinning is bypassed if spinning is unlikely to be successful because the owner is not progressing toward releasing the shared resource, as might occur if the owner is blocked or spinning itself. In another aspect, the duration of spinning is generally limited, but longer spinning is permitted if no other threads are ready to utilize the processor. In another aspect, if the owner of a shared resource is ready to be executed, a thread attempting to acquire ownership performs a “directed yield” of the remainder of its processing quantum to the other thread, and execution of the acquiring thread is suspended.

Abstract: A cleaning liquid for an electronic material, in particular, a silicon wafer, uses ultra-pure water or hydrogen water as raw material water, and performs cleaning in combination with ultrasonic irradiation under the presence of hydrogen micro-bubbles. The method enables efficient cleaning and removal of particle components and the like on the wafer surface and prevention of re-contamination.

Abstract: Semiconductor wafers of silicon are produced by pulling a single crystal growing on a phase boundary from a melt contained in a crucible and cutting of semiconductor wafers therefrom, wherein during pulling of the single crystal, heat is delivered to a center of the phase boundary and a radial profile of a ratio V/G from the center to an edge of the phase boundary is controlled, G being the temperature gradient perpendicular to the phase boundary and V being the pull rate. The radial profile of the ratio V/G is controlled so that the effect of thermomechanical stress in the single crystal adjoining the phase boundary, is compensated with respect to creation of intrinsic point defects. The invention also relates to defect-free semiconductor wafers of silicon, which can be produced economically by this method.

Abstract: A 4-point occupant restraint belt system for a vehicle seat having a seat bottom and a back rest. A one-piece belt is connected to the vehicle at upper and lower attachment points disposed adjacent a first side of the vehicle seat, and a buckle is disposed adjacent an opposite second side of the vehicle seat. A latch is slidingly mounted on the belt and engagable with the buckle to secure the belt around a seat occupant in a three-point configuration. A lifting arm has a lowered position wherein it is beneath the belt and adjacent the latch when the latch is engaged with the buckle, and the lifting arm is movable to a raised position wherein it raises a portion of the belt to a position adjacent the back rest above the buckle, thereby creating a 4th belt attachment point.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine having an EGR valve determine a base valve position to deliver a target flow using a stored map and adjust the base position in response to differential pressure across an orifice in the EGR flow to move the valve to a position different from the base position to provide the target flow.

Abstract: A permanent magnet electric machine with optimum motoring efficiency is disclosed. It is adapted for use in a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. An asymmetric magnetic flux distribution pattern in the rotor of the machine is established by asymmetrically positioning rotor openings relative to rotor magnets to improve operating efficiency of the machine when it is in a motoring mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing a multilayered semiconductor wafer comprising a handle wafer (5) and a layer (40) comprising silicon carbide bonded to the handle wafer (5), the process comprising the steps of: a) providing a handle wafer (5), b) providing a donor wafer (1) comprising a donor layer (2) and a remainder (3) of the donor wafer, the donor layer (2) comprising monocrystalline silicon, e) bonding the donor layer (2) of the donor wafer (1) to the handle wafer (5), and f) removing the remainder (3) of the donor wafer in order to expose the donor layer (2) which remains bonded to the handle wafer (5), the process being characterized by further steps of c) implanting carbon ions into the donor layer (2) in order to produce a layer (4) comprising implanted carbon, and d) heat-treating the donor layer (2) comprising the layer (4) comprising implanted carbon in order to form a silicon carbide donor layer (44) in at least part of the donor layer (2).

Abstract: Interlayer films useful for laminated glass contain a polyvinyl acetal (A), at least on plasticizer (B), fumed silica (C) and at least one basic compound (D), wherein the difference of refractive index between fumed silica (C) and plasticized polyvinyl acetal (A+B) is 0.015 or less, and the weight ratio of C/(A+B) is 2.7-60/100.

Abstract: Physical properties and soiling resistance of polymer-bound inorganic composites such as artificial stone are improved by incorporating a silane adhesion promoter and at least one of three organosilicon compounds.

Abstract: A recliner mechanism for a vehicle seat includes a guide plate and a gear plate. The gear plate has a plurality of internal gear teeth and a frustonical inner diameter. A hub is attached to a shaft that connects two recliners on opposite sides of the seat. The guide plate, the gear plate and a cam are retained on the hub by a retainer clip that has a frustoconical bearing surface. Two locking elements cooperate with the guide plate, and have a plurality of external gear teeth that selectively engage the internal gear teeth. When the cam rotates, the cam engages the cam surfaces with one of the engagement surfaces unlocking the external gear teeth from the internal gear teeth. Springs cooperate with the guide plate and the cam for locking the mechanism. The inner diameter of the gear plate is received on the frustoconical bearing surface of the retainer clip.