Abstract: A sensor mount is disclosed for use in a fluid volume measurement structure forming part of a fluid measurement system for feeding fluid in controlled amounts. The sensor mount includes a tubular body having first and second sensor mounting sockets whereby functionally different fluid sensors may be mounted to the tubular body. As fluid enters or exits the tubular body, a fluid sensor mounted in one or the other of the sensor sockets produces a signal to be used by a control portion of a fluid measurement system. The first sensor socket is provided as a through hole whereby a sensor may be mounted in fluid contact with the interior of the tubular body. The second sensor socket is provided as a blind hole for receiving a capacitance sensor out of fluid contact with fluids within the tubular body.

Abstract: Enaminones of polyalkenylsuccinimides are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The enaminones are formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinimide and a dicarbonyl compound. The polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate is first formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and polyamine.

Abstract: Reaction products of (a) polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride; (b) secondary, aromatic amines, and (c) hindererd alcohols are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride is reacted with the secondary, aromatic amine as a first step. The resulting polyalkenylsuccinimide is then reacted with a hindererd alcohol to form the desired antifoulant.

Abstract: Reaction products of (a) hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride, (b) mono to hexa-hydroxy alcohols, (c) primary or secondary hydroxy substituted amines, (d) polyalkenylsuccinimide, and (e) a polyoxyalkyleneamine, are effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as in crude oils and gas oils. The reaction products are fed to the liquid hydrocarbon during elevated heat temperature processing of the hydrocarbon so as to inhibit fouling that would otherwise occur.

Abstract: Polyalkenylsuccinimide-maleic anhydride reaction products are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an amine to form polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Oxidative stability of gasoline mixtures is improved by adding to the gasoline a phenylenediamine compound (I) in combination with a strongly basic organoamine compound (II). The compound (II) may comprise alkyphenol-polyamine-formaldehyde Mannich reaction products, hydroxylamines, polyethylenepolyamines, and members of the group of piperazine, aminoalkyl substituted pipearazine and amino substituted alicyclic alkanes.

Abstract: Gum and sediment formation in liquid hydrocarbon mediums are inhibited by adding to the medium a branched or straight chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 aminoalcohol. The invention is particularly well-suited for use in hydrodesulfurizer processes wherein the hydrocarbon medium is typically a naphtha, diesel, kerosene, light gas and or residual fuel charge and the charge or medium is subjected to high temperature and pressure treatment in the presence of a catalyst. The invention also shows particular advantage in distillate fuels, such as in blended diesel fuels, both before and during heat treatment processing thereof.

Abstract: Phosphorus derivatives of polyalkenylsuccinimides and methods of use of such derivatives as antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oil, during processing at elevated temperatures are disclosed. The derivatives are formed via reaction of a polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate with formaldehyde and a phosphorus compound having at least one acidic hydrogen P--H bond. The intermediate is first formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and polyamine.

Abstract: Methods for treating metal surfaces including contacting the surface with a water soluble or water dispersible polymer comprising a repeat unit (a) having the structure ##STR1## or salt form of said repeat unit, wherein R and R.sub.1 are the same or different and are independently chosen from C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 lower alkylene and wherein z is an integer of from 1-3. The methods also include use of copolymers having in addition to repeat unit (a) above, a repeat unit (b) having the structure ##STR2## from wherein X is OH, NH.sub.2, or OM wherein M is a cation, the molar ration of (a.sub.1):(b) being present in said copolymer being from about 20:1 to 1:20. The methods provide chromium free rinse solutions for use in rinsing phosphate-based conversion coated metal surfaces.

Abstract: 2'-hydroxy-4' or 5'-alkylacetophenone oximes and 2-hydroxy-4 or 5-alkylbenzaldehyde oximes are used to deactivate iron species contained in hydrocarbon fluids. Left untreated, iron leads to decomposition of the hydrocarbon, resulting in the formation of gummy, polymer masses in the hydrocarbon liquid.

Abstract: Methods of diminishing the content of soluble and insoluble forms of iron from crude are disclosed. Crude and water soluble chelant are mixed prior to addition of wash water. After wash water addition, an emulsion is formed. After resolution of the emulsion, iron laden water phase is separated resulting in decreased iron content in the crude. In a two-step desalting process, water soluble chelant is mixed with crude separated from the resolved emulsion emanating from the first, upstream, desalter. After such mixing, fresh wash water is added, with the so-formed crude/chelant/wash water mixture being fed to the second, downstream, desalter, for resolution. Crude separated from the second desalter has substantially diminished iron content compared to crude fed to the first desalter.

Abstract: Methods of extracting iron species, such as iron naphthenate, and iron sulfides, from a liquid hydrocarbon, such as crude oil are disclosed. A chelant selected from oxalic or citric acid is added directly to the liquid hydrocarbon and mixed therewith. Then, wash water is added to form a water in oil emulsion. The emulsion is resolved, with iron laden aqueous phase being separated.

Abstract: A stable foam having foam bubble diameters of 0.005-0.015 inches and being comprised of from about 10-30 wt. % of a brine freeze control agent selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, borax, potassium thiocyanate, potassium acetate, sodium acetate, and sodium nitrite, anionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, and water is applied to solid, particulate materials such as coal or mineral ores to inhibit freezing and improve handleability characteristics of the particulate materials. The foam optionally may contain additional freeze control agents such as ethylene glycol or cellulose ethers.

Abstract: A containment basin assembly for receipt of a tank of liquid chemical or the like is disclosed wherein a mounting stand for the tank is integral with the basin and positioned off-center therein. A bucket can be conveniently located underneath the manifold valve or other liquid dispensing conduit connected to the tank so that spilled or leaking liquid from the valve or conduit can be easily removed for proper disposal.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic acid monomers during elevated temperature processing thereof or during storage or shipment of acrylic acid product. The compositions comprise a combination of a Mn source compound and a phenylenediamine compound having at least 1 N-H bond. The methods comprise adding from about 1-10,000 ppm of the combination to the particular acrylic acid containing medium for which such anti-polymerization protection is desired, per million parts of the acrylic acid medium.

Abstract: Methods and compounds for inhibiting coke formation in pyrolytic reactors and furnaces are disclosed wherein a molybdenum coke retarding treatment is used. Optionally, but preferably, a boron compound is used in conjunction with the molybdenum to provide optimal coke retarding performance.

Abstract: Oxidative stability of gasoline mixtures is improved by adding to the gasoline an alkyl 1,2-dihydroquinoline compound, dimer, trimer or polymer thereof. Optionally, a hindered phenol may be conjointly used with the quinoline compound.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for inhibiting coke formation in pyrolytic reactors or furnaces during the pyrolysis operation. Rare earth elements or compounds thereof, such as cerium and lanthanum elements or compounds, are added to the particular hydrocarbonaceous medium undergoing such pyrolysis.

Abstract: Methods of scavenging hydrogen halide species from hydrocarbon liquids are disclosed. Preferred scavengers includes allyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol and tertiary alcohols such as tert-butyl alcohol.