Abstract: A process for data transmission uses a geo-stationary satellite and at least one sub-satellite, the sub-satellites being placed on lower orbits. For the transmission of news, at least two data streams are transmitted with different powers. The first data stream, with a higher power is used for linking with the geo-stationary satellite (S.sub.1) and the other data streams are transmitted by means of PN (pseudo-noise) sequences for linking with the sub-satellites (S.sub.2). Two data transmissions thus take place in the same carrier frequency, but involving different satellites that are both within the visibility range of an earth station. This type of transmission using additional data streams of information is suitable for controlling and/or regulating the exchange of news between satellite-satellite and/or earth-satellite-earth or for controlling or regulating the orbit of the satellites.

Abstract: In a semiconductor element having a semiconductor body, an electrode structure is arranged on at least one major surface of the element for storing charge carriers of at least one conductivity in cells formed by the electrode structure. Control electrodes which are at least partially enclosed in the semiconductor body are arranged in at least one plane essentially parallel to the major surface of the semiconductor body. The control electrodes similarly enable charge carriers to be stored in defined cells. The control electrodes stored also make it possible to shift stored charges from one cell to another, whereby at least two independent charge images can be stored in a three-dimensionally arranged storage cell pattern.

Abstract: A foil intermediate layer is arranged between machine parts forming a joint to protect the machine parts against fretting corrosion. The foil intermediate layer includes at least two foils or plies of which the respective inner contact surfaces contacting each other, have a lower coefficeint of friction and a higher resistance to wear and abrasion, than the respective outer surfaces of the foils or plies contacting the joint forming surfaces of the machine parts. Thus, relative motion between the machine parts forming the joint under oscillating loads or vibrations, is transmitted to the easily gliding wear resistant contact surfaces of the plies so that the machine parts are protected from fretting corrosion, whereby their operating lifetime is increased.

Abstract: Two laser distance measuring functions are preformed on board of a ground-hugging cruise missile by at least one laser distance meter for taking downwardly directed altitude measurements and diagonally or slantedly forwardly directed distance measurements for producing corrected altitude signals for use in controlling the flight of the missile. Both types of measurements can be made by one laser distance meter that is tiltable in the required direction or two laser units are provided. The correction provides a clear recognition of artificial fog by evaluating both types of measured values in an intelligent signal processing unit which compares the intensities of the measured values from the same ground locations, determines the extinction coefficient of the fog and takes the angular distribution of the back-scattering intensity of the laser beams into consideration for correcting the altimeter readings.

Abstract: In a method and system for controlling a differential dosing scale having a weighing device and a control for the delivery rate especially of loose bulk material achieved by comparison of rated and actual weight values, measures are taken to eliminate the effects of disturbances of the output signal of the weighing device. Improvements are achieved in that an estimated or predicted value (G) for the next measured weight value is derived from previously measured values (G.sub.i) of the output signal (G) of the weighing device. The predicted value (G) is compared with the next actual measured value (G.sub.i) to determine a difference. If this difference exceeds a prescribed tolerance range or value, the control of the delivery rate continues at the unchanged previous actual value (P) of the delivery rate. Thus, the effects of disturbances are greatly reduced or even completely eliminated. Changes in the rated value of the delivery rate can also be taken into account.

Abstract: An electrical conductor or cable splice is formed by passing the conductor ends from which any insulation has been removed through a ceramic insert so that portions of the conductor ends protrude out of the ceramic insert. These protruding portions are then mechanically and electrically connected to each other, by example, by soldering, welding, or brazing. A metal sleeve is then pushed over the ceramic insert and the ends of the sleeve are hermetically sealed to the metal jackets of the conductors or cable. The seal is accomplished, for example, for soldering. In this manner a so-called parallel connection is easily made in which the conductors double back. A longitudinal connection can also be made in which the conductors continue in the same direction through two inner sleeves and through an outer sleeve.

Abstract: A fuel tank for storing aggressive liquid fuels, especially fuel for operating satellite engines has an oblong shape with hemispherical ends. A fuel collecting device (12) is arranged inside the fuel tank. The collecting device is so constructed and equipped with guide vanes for feeding the fuel, and with a pipe system including collecting vessels with screens that a fuel supply to the engines is assured under any conceivable operating conditions, since surface tension and capillary forces assure a refilling of the collecting device inside the fuel tank.

Abstract: Bulk material that is difficult to feed, such as glass fibers, is fed from a storage bin into a feeding chute driven by a vibratory drive which vibrates the chute in a longitudinal direction of the chute, that is, in the feed advance direction of the chute. The chute may be a so-called loss-in-weight feeding chute. In order to assure a uniform, constant material flow without any bunching and without any gaps in the flow for an accurate feeding, the material flow is exposed or influenced by a further vibration effective in a direction substantially across the feed advance direction. For the purpose a vibrator with vibrating elements extending in the feed advance direction vibrates in the cross-direction. These vibrating elements are so located that they can make the material flow through the chute more uniform.

Abstract: A structural panel, for example for forming interior aircraft cabin walls, has a lightweight composite panel substrate, an aluminum sheet, adhesively bonded to the substrate, and a desired visual image or attractive colored pattern on the visible surface of the aluminum sheet. The panel is produced by first cleaning the substrate surface to be decorated; applying an adhesive layer (5) to the cleaned surface; adhering or pressing an aluminum sheet (6) onto the adhesive layer (5); curing the adhesive layer (5); cleaning the aluminum sheet (6); applying and curing a base coat layer (7); and applying a number of colored layers (8) to produce the desired visual image or pattern.

Abstract: A drill is formed by a hard dispersed phase of WC and a B-1 type solid solution, and a bond metal phase of an iron family metal. The composition of the hard dispersed phase is expressed as (W.sub.a M.sub.b) (C.sub.x N.sub.y), where M represents Ti, or two or more metals, including Ti but excluding W, selected from the group IVa, Va and VIa of the periodic table, and a, b, x and y represents molar fractions which are defined by relational expressions of a+b=1, x+y=1, x>0, y.gtoreq.0 and b.gtoreq.0.4. The bond metal phase occupies at least 13 volume percent and not more than 30 volume percent of the cemented carbide.

Abstract: A cement-type binding material suitable as a building material for use in the manner of a Portland cement including for underground work, or as a curing accelerating additive in mortar cement or masonry cement or in concrete or as a basic material for producing building components, is produced by mixing flue dust or flue ash with a product obtained by desulfurizing flue gases. The quantity of flue dust or ash is so measured than any free lime and lime being freed during an oxidizing and calcining treatment is completely bound to aluminates and silicates capable of reacting with water. The so produced intermediate multi-phase product is milled to a certain fineness and mixed with slag sand also milled to a certain fineness. The so obtained product is suitable for use in all instances where gypsum could not be used heretofore or could be used only under expensive protective measures.

Abstract: A sailing yacht having a hull and a sectional mast holding a sail, is equipped with a canard rudder and two rolling keels. Each rolling keel has a ballast container. A three point wing system is formed by wings carried by the canard rudder and by the two rolling keels for producing buoyancy, for steering, and for stabilizing. Thus, the three point wing system has a fore wing (9) forming an end wing of the canard rudder and two aft wings (11, 11') forming end wings of the rolling keels (10, 10'). The rolling keels (10, 10') are tiltable about rotational axes extending above the water line approximately in parallel to the hull axis, whereby the rolling keels (10, 10') are normally above the water line and only the long end (14, 14') of the wing (11, 11') dips into the water, so that the end disk wing (15) functions as a lift producing surface. The ballast is shiftable between two ballast containers 17, 17'.

Abstract: An electrical structural component including a relay and connection contacts for connecting electrical components of the relay with respective electrical conductors of a switching or energizing circuit and at least one operating circuit, is equipped with a connector mounting plate that can be inserted into a relay housing. Connector bushings and securing or locking elements which may be part of the bushings, for the mounting and fixation of contact pins are arranged in the connector mounting plate. The connector bushings are constructed as carriers for the spring contacts operated in the relay and simultaneously as connector arms for the fixed contacts. The contact pins are connected to respective conductors.

Abstract: An on-board guidance system for a flying body, such as a cruise missile, includes a radar device for a self-sufficient scanning of the topography during flight. Scanning antennas provide signals for evaluation and further application in a search and guide logic circuit. An on-board computer calculates an exact horizon angle which is used as an altitude guide or control value.

Abstract: Folded articles, such as paper napkins, handkerchiefs, and the like are puced of an intially continuous web or sheet material which is moved into a folding machine in a feed advance direction at a controllable feed-in speed. The sheet material may be folded once lengthwise around the feed advance direction before it is cut by a cutter operating at equal time intervals. The cut sheet material sections are then accelerated and after the acceleration they are folded at least once crosswise around a direction perpendicularly to the feed advance direction, whereby the cut sections travel at a constant speed during the crosswise folding and subsequent stacking. The feed-in speed is kept constant as long as articles of a given size are being produced. When the article size is to be changed, the feed-in speed is accordingly changed.

Abstract: A composite propeller blade construction has fiber strands extending predominantly in a radial direction and looping around mounting hardware connecting a blade root to a rotor hub. The mounting hardware includes at least one bolt secured to the rotor hub or a shackle member secured to the hub by a mounting bolt and holding a tying bolt so that fiber strand loops forming the blade body loop around the shackle member and around free ends of the tying bolt. The radially extending fiber strands take up centrifugal forces and are enclosed by a jacket, the radially inner end of which is formed as mounting flanges screwed to a respective rim of the hub. The arrangement of the fiber loops is especially suitable for a fiber composite lightweight construction wherein the fibers form redundant load take-up paths and provide an advantageous centrifugal force and moment introduction into the structure.

Abstract: A member for a semiconductor structure is constructed, for example, as a mounting, or as a cover, or as a heat sink. Such a component is obtained by joining an aluminum nitride insulating substrate and a radiating element. The metal material for forming the radiating member has a thermal conductivity of at least 120 W/mK and a thermal expansion coefficient within a range of 4 to 6.0.times.10.sup.-6 /K.sup.-1. Preferably the material forming the radiating element is made of a tungsten alloy containing copper by not more than 5 percent by weight.

Abstract: The main nozzle of an air jet loom has an inlet end (7) where the weft threads are inserted into the main nozzle and exits (19) where the weft threads pass out of the main nozzle into the weft thread air insertion channel (20) of the reed (14). The inlet end (7) is supported by a spring elastic mounting which permits guided movements of the nozzle exits (19) in any direction in a plane extending perpendicularly to the weft thread insertion direction for properly aiming a nozzle exit into the air insertion channel.

Abstract: A method for measuring deformations of test samples in testing machines is carried out in a device including a light source, a detector, and signal processing circuitry. The deformations are sensed in that a light beam (2) from the light source (1) is reflected by at least one mirror (6, 6', 6a, 6b, 11a, 11b) arranged at an appropriate location, for example, directly on the test sample (4) so that test sample movements are imparted directly or indirectly to the reflecting mirror or mirrors, whereby the reflected light beam impinges upon a position detector (7) and the position of the impingement or rather its movement is determined and evaluated in an electronic evaluating circuit (8). This movement is a direct measure of the deformation. The device includes components for carrying out these method steps, whereby it is possible to measure static and/or dynamic deformations caused by tensile and compressive forces, as well as deformations resulting from twisting torques and bending moments.

Abstract: Pipes are straight drawn for reducing the pipe diameter and the pipe wall thickness. The drawing is performed intermittently through a plurality of drawing stages, each including a drawing plate having a drawing nozzle or opening through which the pipe must pass. Individual, separate drawing mandrel sections forming a set and corresponding in number to the plurality of drawing plates, are inserted in proper sequence into the pipe to be drawn. The insertion is such that the mandrel sections are located, prior to the begin of the drawing operation, between a pulling end of the pipe and a first dent. The smaller diameter mandrel sections first pass through the hole in the drawing plate and only the largest dimeter mandrel section is held in place by the first drawing plate for squeezing the pipe through that drawing plate. The smaller diameter mandrel sections travel along with the pipe as it is being drawn through the plates one after the other, whereby each plate keeps its respective mandrel section in place.