Abstract: Furniture frames, such as futon frames, are movable between bed configurations and sofa configurations. Furniture frame embodiments according to the invention provide a more level, continuous and secure sleep surface than currently available. The central gap present in many futon frames, for example, is eliminated, as is a fourth cross rail. Manufacturing costs are reduced, and reliability is improved. Additionally, furniture frame embodiments include at least one topple member that engages the top of a depending backrest side or side and does not put pressure on a hole accommodating a pivot pin connecting the backrest panel and seat panel. Mechanical advantage is improved. Further, a working end of the depending backrest side can be produced with a single cut, eliminating the need for multiple cuts and/or attachment of separate pieces, thereby lowering manufacturing costs. Corresponding methods provide similar advantages.

Abstract: A method of burnishing an asperity on a magnetic surface of an operational disk drive. The disk drive includes a slider maintaining an MR element. Rotation of the disk relative to the slider forms an air bearing between the slider and the disk surface, generating a fly height of the slider relative to the disk surface. With this in mind, the method includes identifying the presence of the asperity. The disk speed is increased from a normal operational rate to a first burnishing rate. Further, an internal pressure of the disk drive is reduced from a normal operational pressure to a first burnishing pressure. A first burnishing fly height is thusly established at the first burnishing rate and the first burnishing pressure. In this regard, the first burnishing fly height is less than a fly height otherwise found with the disk drive operating at the first burnishing rate and the normal operational pressure. The slider is then positioned over the asperity.

Abstract: A bottom moored and tethered directional frequency analysis and ranging (DIFAR) sensor system deployable in a wide range of water depths. The system includes a mooring platform for anchoring the system to the bottom surface of a body of water. A buoyant chamber containing a DIFAR sensor is tethered to the mooring platform at a pre-determined depth in the body of water. The DIFAR sensor includes two pairs of orthogonally oriented hydrophones and a compass for providing a directional magnetic reference signal. The tethered buoyant chamber is securely positioned such that hydrophones residing within the buoyant chamber are oriented in a plane substantially co-planer to the top surface of the body of water. By determining the angle between the directional magnetic reference signal and the hydrophones, the sensor system is able to compute heading information for a detected object. A transmitter is coupled to the DIFAR sensor for transmitting heading information detected by the DIFAR sensor to a receiver.

Abstract: A switching regulator connectable to a DC power supply includes a power switch coupled between a first node and an output node and having a control gate. An output voltage feedback circuit is coupled between the output node and a feedback node. A self-oscillating power switch control circuit is coupled to the first node, the feedback node, and the power switch control gate. The power switch control circuit compares a feedback voltage to a reference voltage and provides a first control voltage to the power switch control gate when the reference voltage exceeds the feedback voltage to turn on the power switch to raise the output voltage, and a second control voltage to the power switch control gate when the feedback voltage exceeds the reference voltage to turn off the power switch to lower the output voltage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for producing a virtual electrode within or upon a tissue to be treated with radio frequency alternating electric current. An apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a supply of a conductive or electrolytic fluid to be provided to the patient, an alternative current generator, and a processor for creating, maintaining and controlling the ablation process by the interstitial or surficial delivery of the fluid to a tissue and the delivery of electric power to the tissue via the virtual electrode. The method in accordance with the invention includes the steps of delivering a conductive fluid to a predetermined tissue ablation site for a predetermined time period, applying a predetermined power level of radio frequency current to the tissue, monitoring at least one of several parameters and adjusting either the applied power and/or the fluid flow in response to the measured parameters.

Abstract: A heat exchanger assembly comprises a tubular casing (1) housing product conduit pipe (8) and a rod (14) extending through each pipe (8). The rod (14) being reciprocatingly moveable along the pipe (8) and having a scraping means (15) projecting from it such that upon reciprocation of the rod (14) within the pipe (8) the scraping means (15) will scrape product residues from the inner walls of the product conduit (8), allowing improved heat transfer to be achieved whilst the assembly continues to operate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving the efficiency of using optical sensors with component placement machines for the placement of components onto a circuit board. One of the improved methods involves the placement of a projection or notch at a selected position on the quill. The projection or notch is detected by the light based component sensor system on the placement head to indicate that it is safe to begin moving the placement head. A second improved method uses a constant, high angular velocity to rotate the component when the sensor is using the shadow cast by the body of the component to align the component. The use of a constant angular velocity allows for the correction for the rotation in determining the orientation to give very accurate results even though the velocity is relatively high.

Abstract: A transducer circuit, particularly for monitoring current, compensates for offset in the transducer output by sampling the output periodically at a moment at which the output is known, and storing the sampled value as an offset. The offset is compared with subsequent outputs from the transducer to provide a difference signal which is the compensated output of the transducer. When the calibrated output of the transducer is non-zero at the said moment, the non-zero value is added as a reference to the compensated value to correct the magnitude of the transducer output.

Abstract: A polyphase switched reluctance machine is controlled by a control system using sensorless position detection. The controller is robust and reliable and operates over the entire current chopping range of the machine. Diagnostic pulses of predetermined flux-linkage are injected into a phase, whether or not it has residual current flowing.

Abstract: A laser imaging system for direct imaging with high optical power density a series of pixels forming an image on a media surface, The laser imaging system includes a laser light source, wherein the laser light source emits a laser beam representative of the image on the media surface. An optical path is defined between the laser light source and the media surface. A scanner is provided having a mirrored surface positioned along the optical path. An optical assembly is positioned along the optical path for shaping and focusing the laser beam at the media surface, including an F-Theta lens assembly positioned along the optical path between the scanner and the media surface. The F-Theta lens assembly includes a spheric lens, an aspheric lens and a toric lens, providing an increase in optical power density at the media surface.

Abstract: A modular processing device and method of using the modular processing device are disclosed. The modular processing device has a plurality of processing modules removably mounted therein. The processing modules are operable alone or as a group to process an item that is placed in the modular processing device.

Abstract: A sensor and detection system is included. The sensor includes at least one transmitter which has associated optical elements for emitting at least one light beam toward the object to be detected. At least one receiver is positioned adjacent the transmitter for receiving light reflected from an edge of the object. The receiver generates a signal responsive to the reflected light. The associated optical elements of the transmitter include a converging lens for emitting a focused light beam in one plane, and a cylindrical lens for emitting a diverging light beam in another plane, such that a portion of the reflected light is diverging and is received by the receiver over a wide angle of coverage.

Abstract: A waste and wastewater treatment and recycling system separates blackwater and greywater at their respective sources and includes a waste separation system for decomposing the blackwater into water vapor and carbon dioxide gas, a wastewater treatment system for circulating, aerating, and separating the greywater into precipitated solid matter and treated water, and a filtration, disinfection, and water recycling system for filtering and disinfecting the treated water to form recyclable water. The precipitated solid matter is transferred to the waste separation system and the recyclable water is passed through a membrane filtration system to form potable water. A monitoring system monitors and controls operation of the waste separation system, the wastewater treatment system, and the filtration, disinfection, and water recycling system.

Abstract: An assemblage of granules including zinc sulfate heptahydrate and iron sulfate heptahydrate in a substantially integrated granular form is provided for use in e.g., the fertilizer industry. A binder, such as humate, may be used to form the granules. The granules may be dried until a slight melt is formed thereon. The granules may then be cooled to remove remaining free water. Related methods provide additional advantages.

Abstract: A digital range sensor comprises a light source, an optical element to focus the light from the source down to a small spot on a target, a second optical element that is mounted obliquely from the source axis, and a prism mounted on a multi-element detector, which in turn is mounted at the focus of the light returning from the target. The purpose of the prism on the detector is to direct the light onto the active surface of the detector at an angle closer to normal incidence than would otherwise be possible. The detector produces digital data which is transferred to a control module for processing and to produce a numerical range measurement.

Abstract: A flex suspension assembly is attachable to an actuator arm in a disk drive and includes a suspension assembly adapted to resiliently support a transducer head in the disk drive, and a flex cable having a flexible sleeve and conductors disposed in top of the flexible sleeve adapted to provide a path for electrical signals transmitted to and from the transducer head. A dampening adhesive is applied between the flex cable and the suspension assembly in a dampening adhesive area defined by dampening adhesive control features that bound continuous contact between the flex cable and the suspension assembly. The dampening adhesive has a low modulus of elasticity to provide structural dampening to the flex suspension assembly. In one embodiment, the dampening adhesive provides structural dampening to the flex suspension assembly to significantly reduce first torsion and second torsion vibration mode gains of the flex suspension assembly.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive includes a reluctance machine, a controller, power switches actuated by the controller and a current transducer for monitoring the current in each phase winding. The controller employs a sensorless rotor position detection technique by injecting voltage pulses into the idle period of each phase winding in a chopping mode. Acoustic noise associated with the injected pulses is concealed by varying the frequency at which the pulses are injected according to rotor speed. In an alternative embodiment the frequency is varied pseudo-randomly.

Abstract: An optical measuring system capable of high resolution measurement of objects, and a method of measuring the same, are provided. The optical measuring system is formed in one integral, portable unit, and includes a laser source having associated optics for emitting a wide collimated light beam. A CCD receiver and a processor housed together and spaced apart from the laser source receive the wide collimated light beam. The CCD receiver has a plurality of diode cells, or “pixels,” formed in a linear array, and the diode cells exhibit output signals corresponding to the received light beam. The processor processes the output signals and determines a measurement associated with the output signals.

Abstract: A filter canister for use within a storm water sewer system. The filter canister includes a hollow retention body and a lower tapered filter. The retention body defines a top and a bottom, and is positionable within the storm water sewer system so as to direct fluid flow from the top to the bottom. The lower tapered filter defines a vertex end and a base. The lower tapered filter is attached to the bottom of the retention body such that the vertex end extends upwardly toward the top. In one preferred embodiment, a pelletized treatment media, such as peat-based, activated carbon-like pellets, is contained within the retention body. During use, the treatment media removes contaminants from water flow entering the filter canister. The lower tapered filter directs the removed contaminants toward an outer periphery such that the accumulated contaminants have minimal effect on a flow rate capacity of the filter canister.