Abstract: Hydroquinone and alkylhydroquinone are thermal stabilization additives for normally solid polypyrrolidone at melt temperatures.

Abstract: Copolymers of 2-pyrrolidone and C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 lactams (caprolactam and piperidone) are provided in solid form, at relatively high rates and molecular weights by polymerization in the presence of alkaline catalysts and carbon dioxide, by the inclusion of an auxiliary catalyst and a copolymerization promoter comprising certain onium salts and N-acyl lactams, respectively.

Abstract: The process of making a catalyst for the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone by contacting an alkali metal pyrrolidonate, a quaternary ammonium carboxylate and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The process for preparing substantially anhydrous solid catalyst for the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone includes the step of contacting equimolar amounts of an alkali metal hydroxide and 2-pyrrolidone.

Abstract: The process of making a catalyst for the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone by contacting a phosphonium halide, an alkali metal pyrrolidonate and carbon dioxide in a mol ratio of about 1:0.1-2:0.1-0.5 and the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone with said catalyst. The alkali metal pyrrolidonate may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal hydroxide with 2-pyrrolidone. The polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone in the presence of this catalyst system produces poly-2-pyrrolidone of high molecular weight.

Abstract: The process of making a catalyst for the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone by contacting an alkali metal pyrrolidonate, a quaternary ammonium halide and carbon dioxide in a mol ratio of about 1:0.1-2:0.1-0.5. The alkali metal pyrrolidonate may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal hydroxide with 2-pyrrolidone. The polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone in the presence of this catalyst system produces poly-2-pyrrolidone of high molecular weight.

Abstract: Novel 3,5-dimethyl-2-thienylcarboxanilides and 3,5-dimethyl-2-thienyl-(N-haloalkylthiocarboxanilides) are active pre- and post-emergent herbicides.

Abstract: Fungicidal and herbicidal alpha-haloacetanilides of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; X is halo; and Y is --SR.sup.4 or --NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 wherein R.sup.4 is alkyl, alkenyl or phenylalkyl, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl and R.sup.6 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, with the proviso that R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 may be joined to form a divalent alkylene group or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, are prepared from N-phenylamino thioacetates.

Abstract: Polypyrrolidone solutions having a bulk viscosity of 100-10,000 poises, and containing a solvent such as formic acid and a volatile diluent such as methylene chloride, are spun into filaments by extrusion through a spinneret. The solution contains, for example, about 5-40 weight percent of polypyrrolidone, about 30-90 weight percent of formic acid and about 5-60 weight percent of methylene chloride.

Abstract: The dialkylaminobenzaldehydes are thermal stabilization additives for solid polypyrrolidone at melt temperatures.

Abstract: Novel thiophenes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl; R.sup.2 is alkyl; one X is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro or bromo and the other X is --SC.sub.2 N(R.sup.3) (R.sup.4) wherein R.sup.3 is alkyl or aryl and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or haloalkylthio, are useful for the prevention or cure of fungal infections.

Abstract: Flowable aqueous pesticidal concentrates comprising water, 10 to 80% by weight, based on the water, of a water-insoluble solid particulate pesticide and a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate polymer having about 5 to 15 mols of vinyl acetate per 100 mols of copolymer and a molecular weight of at least 50,000, wherein the weight ratio of pesticide to copolymer is in the range of 1:1 and 1000:1. These concentrates are compatible with other agricultural chemicals systems. This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 206,516, filed Dec. 9, 1971 now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation of application Ser. No. 829,769, filed June 2, 1969, now abandoned.

Abstract: Hydroxy-aluminum chloride or sulfate polymer is produced by reacting urea and aluminum chloride or aluminum sulfate in aqueous solution. The hydroxy-aluminum chloride and sulfate polymers are useful for consolidating soil in secondary oil recovery and for reducing the caking tendency of ammonium salt fertilizer compositions.

Abstract: Mite eggs are killed by applying thereto N-tetrachloroethylthio-substituted halomethanesulfonamides of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, X is fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo and R' is tetrachloroethyl.

Abstract: A two-stage evaporative method for recovering polymerizable 2-pyrrolidone from alkaline aqueous solutions such as those obtained by washing the catalyst from an incompletely reacted polypyrrolidone polymerizate, includes the steps of neutralizing the base with mineral acid, removing most of the water in an initial reduced pressure evaporation and recovering the pyrrolidone from a salt/pyrrolidone slurry by vaporization under reduced pressure.

Abstract: Novel 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)-3,5-dinitrothiophenes have bactericidal, fungicidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Improved-strength particulate ammonium nitrate containing minor amounts of ferric phosphate is produced by forming the ferric phosphate in situ in aqueous or molten ammonium nitrate from a ferric salt and phosphoric acid. Further improvement in strength is obtained by additionally incorporating minor amounts of calcium sulfate.

Abstract: Certain sulfonic acid derivatives function as promoters of the anionic polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl and R.sup.4 is alkyl, haloalkyl or aryl.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is halogen of atomic number 9 through 35, i.e., fluorine, chlorine or bromine, or alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, n is 0, 1 or 2, and R and R.sup.1 are individually hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, possess acarid ovicidal activity.