Abstract: This invention relates to the measurement of the driving force used for pile driving and, more specifically, to the use of coils for sensing magnetostrictive effects within the pile which develop when the pile is struck or driven into the ground.

Abstract: A neutralizing transformer arrangement having its primary winding connected in series with a D.C. blocking capacitor. The primary circuit is preferably series resonant at the power frequency (60 HZ), the capacitance of the series resonant circuit being provided by the D.C. blocking capacitor and, to some extent, by inter-turn, interwinding and distributed winding capacitances. The neutralizing transformer includes an input cable composed of one or more twisted pairs of wires over which communication frequencies signals pass. Each wire of a twisted pair is wound on opposite outer legs of the core of the transformer. A similar pair of isolating windings is wound on the same outer legs. The primary winding is wound about the central leg of the core of the transformer as is the one or more twisted pairs.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for regulating fuel flow so as to maintain a desired fuel-air mixture in a mixture compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engine includes the air intake suction tube of the internal combustion engine. A measuring device is provided for measuring the quantity of air passing through the air intake suction tube. A pressure control device, responsive to output from the measuring device produces, as its output, a variable fluid pressure head. At least one fuel metering valve is responsive to the output from the pressure control device. This fuel metering valve has a movable member, preferably a slide valve piston, which is actuated in two control directions. The fuel metering valve functions to meter out fuel, in desired proportion, into the quantity of air streaming through the suction tube.

Abstract: In a fuel metering device for an externally ignited internal combustion engine with compression of the air-fuel mixture, which system comprises a suction tube for the intake of air in which an air-measuring device and a randomly adjustable throttle valve having a flap are arranged in sequence, and in which an essentially proportionate amount of fuel is metered into the amount of air flowing therethrough, and wherein the proportionality of the fuel amount is adjustable by means of controlling a bypass circumventing the air-measuring device in dependence on engine data, there is described an improvement which comprises a valve arranged in the bypass, the said valve being controllable by the pressure prevailing in the suction tube in the vicinity of the throttle valve, a pneumatically actuated valve means adapted for controlling the valve in the bypass, and conduit means connecting the pneumatically actuated valve means with the suction tube and having an orifice in the latter which orifice is located upstream o

Abstract: A system for systematical detecting a leak of fluid from a long pipe comprising a plurality of apparatuses like microphones set at relatively large intervals within a relatively long limited space, formed by utilizing the wall of the pipe like a space within the pipe and extending longitudinally of the pipe. The apparatuses intercept sonic waves caused by the leak of fluid from the pipe propagated in the limited space. The system further includes an apparatus for detecting that at least one first-mentioned apparatus has intercepted the sonic wave caused by the fluid leak.

Abstract: An apparatus for closing and sealing filled containers with a lid includes instrumentalities for positioning an individual lid beneath a sealing die which has an underside. The lid is temporarily held and finally joined to a container under the influence of heat and pressure. Suction is used to hold the lid against the underside of the die while it is being joined to the container. A plurality of protuberances are disposed at the underside of the sealing die. Each of the protuberances has an oblique surface. Each oblique surface has a point lying nearest a sealing surface defining an area of the underside, the area thus defined being substantially equal to that of the lid. Each lid can be consequently positioned correctly on a container and becomes fused therewith.

Abstract: A piston for a fuel injection pump for use in internal combustion engines and its method of manufacture is described. The piston is reciprocated and rotated within a cylinder having a fuel supply opening. The piston has an upper control edge determining initiation of fuel injection and a lower control edge determining initiation of fuel injection and a lower control edge determining termination of fuel injection as the edges move past the fuel supply opening. In its improvement the piston is manufactured to provide a notch in its upper end surface which, at the intersection of the notch with the circumferential surface of the piston, forms at least two upper control sections serving at least as a part of the upper control edge. The two control edge sections have relatively different inclinations with respect to the upper end surface of the piston which effects the fuel injection.

Abstract: What follows is a description of a hydraulically powered actuator for producing a reciprocating output and a method which produces a reciprocating output in response to the controlled flow of a hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic actuator includes, in one embodiment, a cylinder within which a piston assembly is reciprocated, the cylinder being itself displaceably mounted within a housing so that it can periodically introduce a unique flow passage through which a rapid fluid flow occurs, the provision of the passage reduces the hydraulic power lost during reciprocating movement of the piston assembly and ensures a high energy output.

Abstract: An exhaust gas-detoxicating system for an externally ignited internal combustion engine having at least one air intake suction tube wherein a fuel/air mixture is produced by metering into said tube fuel from a fuel metering device, and wherein the fuel air mixture, before its entry into a cylinder of the engine, can be deviated through a heated-up bypass of at least one suction tube by means of a flap valve being disposed in said suction tube and being controllable in dependence on characteristic engine data, is improved by providing, in combination, measuring means for detecting the amount of air flowing through the said suction tube and means for controlling the flap valve in dependence on the detected air amount.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine in which the intake air flow is measured and a corresponding electrical signal is generated which governs a pressure control unit so as to modify the fluid pressure acting on a fuel-metering slide-valve piston, displacing it against restoring forces. The axial displacement of the slide-valve piston changes the flow aperture in adjacent metering slits and thus governs the rate of fuel flow to the injection valves of the internal combustion engine and maintains a desired fuel-air ratio.

Abstract: An anchor and a slidably adjustably carried tie-line for a floatable decoy duck or the like comprising a generally elongated non-rustable metal body preferably wider at one end than at the other, a continuous passageway for said tie-line extending from and returning to one end of and partially through said body, said passageway having an open side for at least a portion of its length, an elastic member carried by said body and overlying the open side of said passageway and forcibly engaging said tie-line, whereby to resist free travel of said tie-line so that the required useable length of said tie-line beyond said anchor may be desirably determined for anchoring the decoy for limited movement when floating and for unit storage with said tie-line under tension on said decoy ready for re-use.