Abstract: A safety nut assembly is provided for mounting to the carriage of a backstand apparatus to which a large roll of paper is rotatably mounted. The backstand apparatus includes an inclined screw spindle to which the carriage is threadedly engaged, such that rotation of the screw spindle moves the carriage therealong. The safety nut assembly comprises a mounting portion for secure but removable mounting to the carriage of the backstand. The safety nut assembly further includes a threaded aperture for threadedly engaging the inclined screw spindle. The threaded grooves of the threaded aperture in the safety nut assembly are larger than the threads of the primary weight-bearing bushing in the carriage. Thus, the safety nut assembly will assume a weight-bearing function only upon failure of the primary bushing in the carriage.

Abstract: A variegated soft ice cream dispensing apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises and/or is used with a variegated ice cream freezer. A syrup dispensing apparatus is further provided and comprises reservoirs for a plurality of different types of syrups. A multi-channel pump is operative to direct a selected syrup or a selected combination of syrups from the reservoirs to a syrup nozzle head mounted in proximity to the outlet nozzle of the soft ice cream freezer. The syrup nozzle head comprises a plurality of nipples extending into the flow of soft ice cream. The flavor of the variegation and/or the degree of variegation can be altered in accordance with the customer's choice.

Abstract: An iodophor having biocidal activity is disclosed which is a polyethylene glycol alkylarylsulfonate iodine complex. The complex is formed by reacting polyethylene glycol, alkylarylsulfonate and iodine, in the presence of water and propylene glycol as solvent under reflux conditions. This iodophor is characterized by a low iodine content, high sudsing properties, high biocidal activity, reduced vapor pressure, reduced odor and substantially non-existent staining.

Abstract: Apparatus for feeding wood chips and the like into a treatment bin includes a feed tube assembly adapted to lead into the bin at a non-zero angle relative to the horizon. A plate is supported underneath the lower end of the feed tube assembly to collect in a mound wood chips fed through the feed tube. The height of the lower end of the feed tube assembly is adjusted so that the lower end of the feed tube assembly engages the mound of wood chips and thereby forms a seal with the mound. A plow is supported between the plate and the lower end of the feed tube assembly. Either the plate is stationary and the plow rotates or the plow is stationary and the plate rotates to knock wood whips from the mound off the plate. The apparatus optionally includes a feed screw mounted within and longitudinally of the feed tube assembly to compress the wood chips into the mound.

Abstract: A scale holder is provided for securely retaining a scale to permit various measurements to be made. The scale holder includes orthogonally disposed major and minor planar walls on which the scale holder can be securely supported. The scale holder further includes a nonplanar support defined by intersecting generally planar support surfaces to permit the scale holder to be supported on an arcuate or irregular surface. A plurality of scale guides and slots are provided to selectively position a scale in orthogonal or parallel relationship to one or more of the walls of the scale holder. Clamps further are provided to retain the scale in selected position relative to the scale holder.

Abstract: A slide rail hose assembly is provided with a plurality of swivel joint assemblies each of which are suspendable from carriages which are movable along a rail. Each swivel joint comprises a pair of fittings which are pivotably mounted to a centrally disposed suspendable seal plate. The seal plate is removably suspended from the carriages. Sections of hose are releasably connectable to the fittings of each swivel joint, with hose sections extending between and connecting adjacent swivel joints. The slide rail hose assembly can be readily extended to its maximum length and can be easily retracted into a compact orientation with the swivel mounting of the fittings preventing entanglement of the hose sections.

Abstract: A temperature-compensated apparatus and method for determining the percentage of solid particles in a suspension (consistency) is provided. A source of diffused radiant energy is directed toward a suspension to be measured. The portion of the energy which is forward-scattered by the suspension is detected and a first signal indicative of the magnitude of the forward-scattered energy is produced. The portion of energy which is back-scattered by the suspension is detected and a second signal indicative of the magnitude of back-scattered energy is produced. The first and second signals are combined at a predetermined ratio to produce a feedback signal used to control the intensity of energy emitted from the radiant energy source. The intensity of energy emitted from the source is a function of the forward-scattered and back-scattered energy and is directly proportional to the consistency of the suspension being measured.

Abstract: An apparatus for sequentially folding paper includes a first pair of rollers which feeds the paper to a first uncovered concave buckling chute. A paper stop mechanism aligns an end of the paper in a gap between the chute and a second pair of rollers which in turn receives the document to form a first fold in the paper. The second roller pair conveys the paper to a second uncovered curved chute which coacts wih a third pair of rollers to form a second fold in the paper. Use of uncovered buckle chute facilitates clearance of paper jams without requiring disassembly of the apparatus.

Abstract: A laminate providing an effective barrier to the migration of essential oils and/or flavorings, such as d-limonene and for the retention of Vitamin C, is provided comprising from the outer surface to the inner surface, a paperboard substrate, a web of nylon directly coated thereon, a web of Surlyn overlying and in contact with said nylon web and a web of olefin overlying and in contact with said Surlyn web. Preferably the paperboard substrate is also coated on the external surface thereof with a web of heat sealable polymer. Containers constructed from such laminates are especially useful as fruit juice containers which enable significant flavor and Vitamin C retention in the liquid i.e., fruit juice contained therein over the normal shelf life of the product.

Abstract: A blank for forming a gable top carton is provided along with the carton formed therefrom. The blank comprises first through fourth side panels and a side glue panel consecutively articulated to one another along parallel fold lines for defining the side walls of the gable top carton to be formed from the blank. Top and bottom panels are articulated to the opposed ends of the respective side panels and glue panel. The blank further comprises a skived flap extending entirely along one edge of the blank and adjacent the glue panel and the top and bottom panels articulated to the glue panel. The skived flap is defined by a rabbeted portion extending into the exterior surface of the blank, and is appropriately dimensioned to enable the skived flap to be folded over onto the exterior surface of the blank along the entire length of the edge.

Abstract: An electrode assembly is mounted in a helmet like headset for use in making multiple electrode contact with the scalp. Each electrode assembly includes an electrode that floats in a cylinder mounted in a pressure responsive drive, which, when under pressure carries the electrode toward the scalp of a patient wearing the headset. Mounted in the cylinder above the electrode and biased away from the electrode is an LSI chip carrying an operation amplifier and a power supply for the amplifier. When the electrode makes contact with the scalp the cylinder continues to drive forward. Back pressure from contact with the scalp overcomes the bias and completes a circuit to turn on the amplifier. The amplifier is connected via wire or a wireless signal transmit system to a computer into which amplified signals are fed.

Abstract: A teaching aid is provided to enable medical students to practice various surgical techniques. The teaching aid comprises a multi-compartment tray, with the various compartments being devoted to teaching one or more distinct surgical techniques. A plurality of the compartments may comprise simulated tissues removably and replaceably mounted therein, such as simulated skin tissue, simulated blood vessels, simulated intestinal tissue and/or simulated tendons or nerves. Other compartments of the teaching aid may comprise hooks about which knot tying techniques may be practiced. Still other compartments may comprise simulated tissues that must be tensioned prior to suturing.

Abstract: A testing apparatus is provided for applying a glue bead to a first sheet of material and then adhering a second sheet of material thereto. The testing apparatus includes a glue tank and a glue head attached thereto both of which are adapted to measure and control the temperature of the glue therein. The glue head applies the glue to the first sheet of material at a preselected rate. The first sheet of material then passes to a compression cylinder which urges the second sheet of material into contact with the first sheet of material. The pressure and duration of the contact between the first and second sheets of material can be varied.

Abstract: A water powered rotary toothbrush is provided which includes a housing having inlet and outlet ports and a rotatable center shaft. The rotatable center shaft has one end provided within the housing. A paddle wheel is located in the housing and is fixedly attached to the shaft near the one end thereof. The opposite end of the shaft extends out of the housing and has removably attached thereto a rotary brush element. Water is introduced into the housing through the inlet port where it is directed against the paddle wheel causing it and the center shaft to which it is fixedly attached, to rotate. The rotation is translated to the brush element which likewise rotates. Excess water is removed through the outlet port.

Abstract: The exposed end of a rotating shaft of a machine is covered with a protective cover which affords a measure of safety for those working around the machine. The cover can be quickly mounted on or removed from the machine without the need of any special tools or the like. The cover is of simple, sturdy construction.

Abstract: A laminate providing an effective barrier to the migration of essential oils and/or flavorings, such as d-limonene and for the retention of Vitamin C, is provided comprising from the outer surface to the inner surface, a paperboard substrate, a web of nylon directly coated thereon, a web of Surlyn overlying and in contact with said nylon web and a web of olefin overlying and in contact with said Surlyn web. Preferably the paperboard substrate is also coated on the external surface thereof with a web of heat sealable polymer. Containers constructed from such laminates are especially useful as fruit juice containers which enable significant flavor and Vitamin C retention in the liquid i.e., fruit juice contained therein over the normal shelf life of the product.

Abstract: A cylindrical chamber is provided having a funnel-shaped opening for introduction of fluid to be applied. The opening functions as a port through which a brush fluid applicator, can be moved from the inside to the outside of the chamber. The fluid applicator is mounted on an advance mechanism which includes a spindle having a threaded portion adapted to engage a rotating casing which has inside threads. Movement is effected by rotating a handle associated with the casing. When the applicator is outside of the chamber, the chamber opening is sealed by a conically shaped end of the advance mechanism, which is engaged by the chamber opening. The conically shaped end has tiny channels thereon which allows a measured discharge of fluid when manual pressure is exerted on the upper chamber wall.

Abstract: An apparatus and process are disclosed for examining a moving web of paper to determine the optical parameter of "formation" and the physical parameter of "roughness". The apparatus includes an optical system which forms an area of the web, with a first light source directing light through the moving web area from a back surface thereof, and a second light source directing light obliquely to the web area from the front surface thereof. A signal processing device determines the root-mean-square of the quotient resulting from the difference in received radiation from two spatially adjacent areas of the detectors divided by the sum of the received radiation from four spatially adjacent areas of said detectors to provide an output signal corresponding to formation or roughness of the paper web.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dewatering sludges and the like as part of landfill operations by electrokinetic techniques including placing anode and cathode electrode modules in contact with the sludge and applying electrical energy to the electrodes to establish an electric field in the sludge. Charged particles within the sludge, including macro-molecules, colloids, and suspended particles, electrophoretically migrate to the oppositely charged counter electrode and consolidate. A filtration media located at one of the electrodes permits the electro-osmotic removal of water from the sludge to encourage solids densification. The electrical energy applied to the electrodes is a chopped, time-varying, intermittent unidirectional current having a rapid rise edge which provides dewatering results comparable to prior methods that used direct current or full AC current but at substantially reduced energy consumption to provide more economical dewatering.

Abstract: A process for cleaning fouled separation membranes such as ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and microfiltration membranes is provided comprising: removing a separation membrane having a fouled surface from operation; effecting reaction on the fouled surface of said membrane of an inorganic peroxide and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hypohalite; and thereafter, substantially removing the foulant and the reaction products thereof from the membrane surface.